-nd: Difference between revisions
(→With e) |
(→With e) |
||
Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
*[[Rohan]] | *[[Rohan]] | ||
===With ''e''=== | ===With ''e''=== | ||
*[[ | *[[Hildórien]] (note that [[Hildor]] is a [[Quenya]] name) | ||
*[[Arthórien]] | *[[Arthórien]] | ||
*[[Arvernien]] | *[[Arvernien]] |
Revision as of 18:10, 18 March 2012
This article or section is a stub. Please help Tolkien Gateway by expanding it. |
-nd is a toponymical ending in Sindarin, an ending "commonly used in the names of regions or countries". Vowels could be attached to the ending, yielding the forms -and, -end, -ond. In names such as Rohan, the -d was dropped, due to its lack of pronunciation in speech.[1][2]
The form also appear as -ian(d), -iann, -ion, -ien.[3]
Examples
With a
With e
With o
Etymology
-ian(d) and ultimately -ien are reduced from -iand(a), -iend(e),[4] and said to be derived from PQ yandē "a wide region, or country".[3]
-(i)on appears in later-formed names and is in origin distinct from the above. It is explained to be from root YANA- and/or root YONO.[3]
Cognates
Relevant endings don't appear in other languages such as Quenya. However there is the Qenya name Valariande[5] and Ossiriande.[6] The book The Road Goes Ever On gives the Quenya name of Lothlórien as Lóriende.
The above hint that in Quenya the endings were preserved as -iande and -iende, without loss of final -e. On the other hand, Valariande is perhaps non-canon as early Qenya (but consistent to the later rules of phonology); as for Lóriende, it seems to be constructed after the Sindarin name and can not be indicative of Quenya etymology.[source?]
See also
References
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "Cirion and Eorl and the Friendship of Gondor and Rohan"
- ↑ Wayne G. Hammond and Christina Scull (eds), The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion, p. 248
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 J.R.R. Tolkien, "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings", in Parma Eldalamberon XVII (edited by Christopher Gilson), pp. 42-3, 115
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings", in Parma Eldalamberon XVII (edited by Christopher Gilson) p.37
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Book of Lost Tales Part One p.202
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Lays of Beleriand, "III. The Lay of Leithian: Canto I (Of Thingol)", pp. 158-9