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{{book | {{book | ||
|title=A Middle English Vocabulary | |title=A Middle English Vocabulary | ||
|image= | |image=[[Image:A Middle English Vocabulary.jpg|275px]] | ||
|author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]] | |author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]] | ||
|isbn= | |isbn= | ||
|publisher= | |publisher=The Clarendon Press, Oxford | ||
|date= | |date=[[1922]] | ||
|format= | |format=paperback | ||
|pages=168 (unpaged) | |pages=168 (unpaged) | ||
|}} | |}} | ||
'''A Middle English Vocabulary''' is | '''''A Middle English Vocabulary''''' is a glossary of [[Middle English]] words complied by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]], published in [[1922]]. | ||
It was intended to be published together with [[Kenneth Sisam]]'s ''[[Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose]]'' in [[1921]], but it was not finished in time, so it was published separately in [[1922]], which became Tolkien's first published book. | |||
The ''Vocabulary'' contains some 4,740 entries with nearly 6,800 definitions, running to 167 pages.<ref name=a>[[Wayne G. Hammond]], [[Christina Scull]] (2006), ''[[The J.R.R. Tolkien Companion and Guide]]''</ref> | |||
==Appearance== | ==Appearance== | ||
''A Middle English Vocabulary'' was published on [[May 11]], [[1922]], | ''A Middle English Vocabulary'' was published on [[11 May|May 11]], [[1922]], to be a supplement to Sisam's ''Verse & Prose'' published the year before.<ref name="Biblio">[[Douglas A. Anderson]], [[Wayne G. Hammond]] (eds.), ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography]]'', "Books by J. R. R. Tolkien", pages 1-3</ref> The separate binding is unpaged, and titled "Glossary", rather than "Vocabulary", on the title page.<ref name="Lee">Margaret L. Lee, "Middle English", published in ''[[The Year's Work in English Studies]]'', vol II (1922), pages 41-53, esp. 42-3</ref> | ||
==Publication== | ==Publication== | ||
Sisam was Tolkien's old tutor of English Language and Literature, and also involved the ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'', working on several words under the letter ''S''.<ref>[[Peter Gilliver]], [[Jeremy Marshall]], [[Edmund Weiner]], ''[[The Ring of Words]]'', page 3</ref> After that section was published, Oxford University Press asked him to write a compilation of fourteenth century verse and prose. By 1919, it turned out Sisam did not have time to compile the glossary, so Tolkien was asked to do it. The project, originally planned to be little else than a glossary, quickly became a much larger work. Tolkien was given time off from his regular work on the OED, and even continued working on the glossary after his transfer to [[Leeds University]].<ref name="Ring">[[Peter Gilliver]], [[Jeremy Marshall]], [[Edmund Weiner]], ''[[The Ring of Words]]'', page 32-3</ref> The publication had been delayed due to private matters, and Tolkien was glad when it was finally finished. Sisam's book was, in the end, published without the glossary.<ref name="L6">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Humphrey Carpenter]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (eds.), ''[[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]]'', [[Letter 6]] (dated [[February 13]], [[1923]])</ref> Later editions of Sisam's book did include Tolkien's glossary. <ref name="Biblio"/> | Sisam was Tolkien's old tutor of English Language and Literature, and also involved the ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'', working on several words under the letter ''S''.<ref>[[Peter Gilliver]], [[Jeremy Marshall]], [[Edmund Weiner]], ''[[The Ring of Words]]'', page 3</ref> After that section was published, Oxford University Press asked him to write a compilation of fourteenth century verse and prose. By 1919, it turned out Sisam did not have time to compile the glossary, so Tolkien was asked to do it. The project, originally planned to be little else than a glossary, quickly became a much larger work. Tolkien was given time off from his regular work on the OED, and even continued working on the glossary after his transfer to [[Leeds University]].<ref name="Ring">[[Peter Gilliver]], [[Jeremy Marshall]], [[Edmund Weiner]], ''[[The Ring of Words]]'', page 32-3</ref> The publication had been delayed due to private matters, and Tolkien was glad when it was finally finished. Sisam's book was, in the end, published without the glossary.<ref name="L6">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Humphrey Carpenter]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (eds.), ''[[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]]'', [[Letter 6]] (dated [[13 February|February 13]], [[1923]])</ref> Later editions of Sisam's book did include Tolkien's glossary. <ref name="Biblio"/> | ||
==Method== | ==Method== | ||
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==Reviews== | ==Reviews== | ||
* 1922: Margaret L. Lee, "Middle English", published in ''[[The Year's Work in English Studies]]''<ref name="Lee"/> | * 1922: Margaret L. Lee, "Middle English", published in ''[[The Year's Work in English Studies]]''<ref name="Lee"/> | ||
* 1926: E. Kruisinga, "Reviews", published in ''English Studies: a Journal of English Letters and Philology''<ref>E. Kruisinga, "Reviews.", published in ''English Studies: a Journal of English Letters and Philology'', vol. 8 (1926), pages 18-19</ref> | * 1926: E. Kruisinga, "Reviews", published in ''English Studies: a Journal of English Letters and Philology''<ref>E. Kruisinga, "Reviews.", published in ''English Studies: a Journal of English Letters and Philology'', vol. 8 (1926), pages 18-19</ref> | ||
==See also== | |||
*[[A middle English vocabulary (2010)|''A middle English vocabulary (2010)'']] (an unauthorized reprint) | |||
==External links== | |||
*[http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/43737 Free version of ''A Middle English Vocabulary''] at [http://http://www.gutenberg.org// Project Gutenberg] | |||
*[http://lingwe.blogspot.se/2012/11/reconstructed-lexis-in-tolkiens-middle.html Reconstructed lexis in Tolkien’s ''Middle English Vocabulary''] by [[Jason Fisher]] | |||
{{references}} | {{references}} | ||
[[ | {{title|italics}} | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Middle English Vocabulary, A}} | |||
[[Category:Reference books]] | |||
[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien]] | [[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien]] | ||
[[ | [[Category:Publications by title]] | ||
[[de:A Middle English Vocabulary]] | [[de:A Middle English Vocabulary]] | ||
[[fi:A Middle English Vocabulary]] | [[fi:A Middle English Vocabulary]] |
Latest revision as of 15:41, 16 March 2024
A Middle English Vocabulary | |
---|---|
Author | J.R.R. Tolkien |
Publisher | The Clarendon Press, Oxford |
Released | 1922 |
Format | paperback |
Pages | 168 (unpaged) |
A Middle English Vocabulary is a glossary of Middle English words complied by J.R.R. Tolkien, published in 1922.
It was intended to be published together with Kenneth Sisam's Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose in 1921, but it was not finished in time, so it was published separately in 1922, which became Tolkien's first published book.
The Vocabulary contains some 4,740 entries with nearly 6,800 definitions, running to 167 pages.[1]
Appearance[edit | edit source]
A Middle English Vocabulary was published on May 11, 1922, to be a supplement to Sisam's Verse & Prose published the year before.[2] The separate binding is unpaged, and titled "Glossary", rather than "Vocabulary", on the title page.[3]
Publication[edit | edit source]
Sisam was Tolkien's old tutor of English Language and Literature, and also involved the Oxford English Dictionary, working on several words under the letter S.[4] After that section was published, Oxford University Press asked him to write a compilation of fourteenth century verse and prose. By 1919, it turned out Sisam did not have time to compile the glossary, so Tolkien was asked to do it. The project, originally planned to be little else than a glossary, quickly became a much larger work. Tolkien was given time off from his regular work on the OED, and even continued working on the glossary after his transfer to Leeds University.[5] The publication had been delayed due to private matters, and Tolkien was glad when it was finally finished. Sisam's book was, in the end, published without the glossary.[6] Later editions of Sisam's book did include Tolkien's glossary. [2]
Method[edit | edit source]
Tolkien gained praise for his glossary, which was unlike most others. Whereas it was a trend of the days to suggest (often questionable) etymologies of rare and obscure words, Tolkien chose to devote his time to the different meanings of common words, such as to, he and habben ("to have"). His Vocabulary is filled with textual references,[3] and much of his findings elaborated on the OED, pre-dating words by sometimes a century. Some of these suggestions were taken into account in later editions of the OED.[5]
Reviews[edit | edit source]
- 1922: Margaret L. Lee, "Middle English", published in The Year's Work in English Studies[3]
- 1926: E. Kruisinga, "Reviews", published in English Studies: a Journal of English Letters and Philology[7]
See also[edit | edit source]
- A middle English vocabulary (2010) (an unauthorized reprint)
External links[edit | edit source]
- Free version of A Middle English Vocabulary at Project Gutenberg
- Reconstructed lexis in Tolkien’s Middle English Vocabulary by Jason Fisher
References
- ↑ Wayne G. Hammond, Christina Scull (2006), The J.R.R. Tolkien Companion and Guide
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Douglas A. Anderson, Wayne G. Hammond (eds.), J.R.R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography, "Books by J. R. R. Tolkien", pages 1-3
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Margaret L. Lee, "Middle English", published in The Year's Work in English Studies, vol II (1922), pages 41-53, esp. 42-3
- ↑ Peter Gilliver, Jeremy Marshall, Edmund Weiner, The Ring of Words, page 3
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Peter Gilliver, Jeremy Marshall, Edmund Weiner, The Ring of Words, page 32-3
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Humphrey Carpenter, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, Letter 6 (dated February 13, 1923)
- ↑ E. Kruisinga, "Reviews.", published in English Studies: a Journal of English Letters and Philology, vol. 8 (1926), pages 18-19