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[[Image:John Howe - Drowning-of-Numenor.jpeg|thumb|''Drowning of Numenor'' by [[John Howe]]]]
{{disambig-more|Fall of Númenor|[[Fall of Númenor]]}}
'''Akallabêth''' ("The Downfallen" in [[Adûnaic]]; [[Quenya]] is ''Atalantë'') is the story of the destruction of the Kingdom of [[Númenor]]. At the end of the [[First Age]] (described in detail in the ''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]''), those of [[Men]] who had been helping [[Elves]] in their fight against [[Melkor]] were given a new small continent of their own, free from the evil and sadness of [[Middle-earth]]. It was located in the middle of the [[Great Sea]], between the western shores of Middle-earth, and the eastern shores of [[Aman]], where the [[Valar]] dwelt.
{{silmarillion-chapters}}
'''''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor''' is the fourth part of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', edited by [[Christopher Tolkien]] from [[J.R.R. Tolkien|his father]]'s later texts.


As they entered Númenor, the Men were forbidden to set sail towards Aman. They gladly agreed to this, because they regarded mortality as a gift, and did not envy the Valar and Elves who could not die. For two and a half thousand years Númenor grew in might. [[Númenórean]] ships sailed the seas and established remote colonies, some of them in Middle-earth. During that time, the Elves of Middle-earth were engaged in a bitter fight with [[Morgoth]]'s former servant [[Sauron]], who had turned into a [[Dark Lord]] himself. The Elves asked for the help of the Númenórean, and they agreed. But as time went on, it became evil and rebelled against the Valar and the Elves, over the course of one thousand and a half years, desiring immortality. There was one king, the second-last, who tried to amend the evil, but it was too late. During this time, Númenor still grew more powerful.
It tells the story of the [[Downfall of Númenor]] after the [[Númenóreans]], the descendants of those [[Men]] who aided the [[Elves]] in their fight against [[Morgoth]] during the late [[First Age]], turned by degrees against the [[Valar]], and were later corrupted by [[Sauron]]. The ''Akallabêth'' was written by [[Elendil]] near the end of the [[Second Age]] and was preserved in [[Gondor]]<ref>{{UT|5}}</ref>


The last king wanted control of Middle-earth, and so he attacked Sauron. Sauron's armies became afraid of the might of Númenor, and so he was captured and brought imprisoned to the Númenórean king. However Sauron exploited his power to corrupt the Númenórean king to his will. Soon he became his advisor, and much of Númenor obeyed his will and worshiped Morgoth. Sauron convinced the king to try and assail Aman for immortality, desiring to destroy Númenor with the wrath of the Valar. However as this was done, the Valar appealed to [[Eru Ilúvatar]]. Eru destroyed the Númenórean host, by crushing it under stones; however he also caused the whole of Númenor to sink under the Great Sea. Just a few men of Númenórean royal blood, uncorrupted by Sauron who came from a long line called the Faithful, had fled Númenor by ships earlier with some gifts that Men received from the Valar and the Elves in times of peace. They were led by [[Elendil]] the Tall, and his two sons: [[Isildur]] and [[Anárion]].
==Synopsis==
At the end of the [[First Age]], the [[Edain]], who alone among the race of [[Men]] were loyal defenders of the [[Elves]] during their war against [[Morgoth]], were given a new land of their own in reward for their efforts, free from the troubles and sadness of [[Middle-earth]]. It was located in the middle of the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]], between the western shores of Middle-earth and the eastern shores of [[Aman]], where the [[Valar]] lived.<ref name=akallabeth>{{S|IV}}</ref>
[[File:Ted Nasmith - The Eagles of Manwë.jpg|left|thumb|''The Eagles of Manwë'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]
The Men of [[Númenor]] were [[Ban of the Valar|forbidden]] by the Valar to sail westward so far that they could no longer see the island, so the majority of their voyaging was eastward and in time they returned to the shores of Middle-Earth. The Númenóreans established remote colonies in Middle-earth and made contact with the [[Middle Men|Men of Middle-earth]] and taught them many crafts and skills. They made alliance with [[Gil-galad]] and the Elves and aided them in the [[War of the Elves and Sauron|war]] against Sauron where he was defeated by the power of the Númenóreans.


They set sail to Middle-earth, where the followers of Elendil established two kingdoms which were managed as Númenórean provinces: [[Gondor]] in the south, and [[Arnor]] in the North. Some of the King's Men, enemies of Elendil, established other realms in exile to the south; of these the [[Haven of Umbar]] was the chief. The culture of Númenor became the dominant culture of Middle-earth (thus, [[Westron]], a descendant of the [[Adûnaic]] language of Númenor became the [[Common Speech]]). The sadness and the shock from the loss of a whole continent lived ever in the hearts of kings of Númenórean descent. [[Arda]] was made spherical, and Aman was put beyond it, out of the reach of mortal men. Sauron, although greatly diminished and bereft of shape, escaped Númenor and return to Middle-earth once more.
Over time many began to speak openly of their envy of the Eldar's immortality and in defiance of the Ban. The people of Númenor became split between the [[King's Men]], those loyal to the King and prone to oppose the restraints upon Númenor, and the [[Faithful]], those who remained true to their friendship with the Eldar and loyalty to the Valar.<ref name=akallabeth/> During this time, the long life of the Númenóreans began to decrease as the Shadow rose. Their joy for life and good will departed, but their power increased.


== Textual History ==
Sauron re-emerged to challenge the power of Númenor in Middle-earth and their colonies along the shores were assailed by him and his armies. The king, [[Ar-Pharazôn]], responded and came with a great host to Middle-earth and bade Sauron to come before him and swear fealty. To the surprise of many, Sauron did as he was asked. But the King was not content with his show of obedience, and brought Sauron back to Númenor as a hostage. Sauron gave the impression that this was against his will, but in truth it was exactly what he wanted. Sauron exploited his power to corrupt the King to his will. Soon he became his adviser, and most of the Númenóreans obeyed his will and turned to the worship of Morgoth.
The story originated with ''[[The Lost Road and Other Writings|The Lost Road]]'', an abandoned time-travel novel.  The story also forms a major element in ''[[The Notion Club Papers]]'', likewise an abandoned time-travel novel. Other versions of the story include various texts called ''[[The Fall of Númenor]]'' and the version in the "Mannish Tradition," ''[[The Drowning of Anadune]]''. These texts can be found in HoME Volume IX, ''[[Sauron Defeated]]''.  A highly abbreviated version of the story is found in [[Appendix A]] of The Lord of the Rings.


== Interpretation ==
Sauron convinced the King, who was now in his twilight years, to assail Aman in order to gain immortality. Thus Ar-Pharazôn led his [[Great Armament]] and landed on Aman. However, as this was done, the Valar appealed to [[Ilúvatar|Eru Ilúvatar]] and he destroyed the Great Armament. Ar-Pharazôn and his host were buried under hills, and the whole of Númenor sank under the Great Sea. [[Arda]] was made spherical and Aman was put beyond it, out of the reach of mortal Men.
As the [[Quenya]] name makes obvious, this is a retelling of the story of Atlantis in the Middle-earth cadre.
[[File:Ted Nasmith - The Ships of the Faithful.jpg|thumb|''The Ships of the Faithful'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]
Just a few people still uncorrupted by Sauron managed to escape the catastrophe; they fled Númenor by ship. This group of Faithful Númenóreans was led by [[Elendil]] the Tall and his two sons, [[Isildur]] and [[Anárion]]. They landed in Middle-earth, where the followers of Elendil established two kingdoms which came to be known as the realms of Exile: [[Gondor]] in the south, and [[Arnor]] in the north. Some of the King's Men, enemies of Elendil, who were in Middle-earth at the time of the [[Downfall of Númenor|Downfall]] established other realms in exile to the south; of these the Haven of Umbar was the chief. Sauron, although greatly diminished and bereft of shape, had survived the Downfall and returned to Middle-earth to continue troubling its inhabitants.


{{silmarillion}}
==Legacy==
The study of Númenor's history was suppressed in the realms of Exile because it was seen as a vain pursuit, "breeding only useless regret". Only one story from the former home of the Dúnedain remained generally known: the cautionary tale of the pride of Ar-Pharazôn and his "impious armada", which corresponds to the last half of the ''Akallabêth''.<ref>{{UT|Numenor}}</ref>


==External Links==
==Etymology==
''Akallabêth'' is an [[Adûnaic]] name. It means "(she that has) Downfallen<ref>{{PE|17}}, p. 111 entry Adûnaic: '''Akallabêth'''</ref><ref>{{SD|67}}, p. 247</ref> or "The Downfallen".<ref>{{S|Index}}, entry ''Akallabêth''</ref> It is derived from ''[[kalab]]'' ("fall down"<ref>{{SD|Further}}, p. 439</ref>).<ref name=PM>{{PM|Akallabeth}}, $83 note on the name Atalante</ref>


* [http://www.uib.no/People/hnohf/num-intro.htm Westernesse], an attempt by [[Helge Kåre Fauskanger]] to show how the ''Akallabêth'' could be adapted as a prequel to [[Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings]] rather than, or in addition to, [[The Hobbit]]
The Quenya translation of this word is ''[[Atalantë]]''.<ref>{{S|Index}}, entry ''Atalantë''</ref> It is derived from the verbal stem ''[[talat-]]'' ("slipping, sliding, falling down").<ref>{{L|257|102}}</ref><ref name=PM/>


[[Category:Books]]
''Akallabêth'' or ''Atalantë'' was the name for the island of Númenor after its Downfall. The Exiles became reluctant to speak of the land by any other name, or indeed much at all; but at times "they turned towards the West in the desire of their hearts" and remembered Akallabêth, their former home.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}, third last paragraph</ref>
 
==Development==
The ''Akallabêth'' originated with ''[[The Lost Road]]'', a time-travel story that Tolkien wrote due to a conversation with [[C.S. Lewis]] about writing their own science fiction. Lewis produced ''[[Out of the Silent Planet]]'' however Tolkien abandoned ''The Lost Road'', having only written two introductory chapters and two chapters of Númenor in the end, as he was more interested in writing his own version of the Atlantis legend. As Tolkien was writing ''The Lost Road'' he also produced another manuscript, an outline which was closely related to the last two chapters of ''The Lost Road'' about Númenor and its downfall. This was followed by another, more finished, manuscript titled ''[[The Fall of Númenor (chapter)]]''. These can be said to be the true germ of the ''Akallabêth'' itself, written in the mid-to-late thirties.<ref>{{LR|P1I}}</ref>
 
Tolkien began to develop the tale of Númenor's Downfall further when writing ''[[The Notion Club Papers]]'' in the 1940s, about a fictional discussion group called the [[Notion Club]] (a reference to the [[Inklings]]) where its members discuss [[Alwin Arundel Lowdham]]'s dreams of Atlantis and Númenor.<ref>{{SD|2a}}</ref> At this time there were major developments to the legend in ''[[The Drowning of Anadûnê]]''. A large amount of the wording, especially in the later versions of the text, is retained in the ''Akallabêth''.<ref>{{SD|3iiiu}}</ref> [[Christopher Tolkien]] notes in essays, which he named sketches written by his father that he was developing two traditions concerning Númenor's history, each with its own retelling of the Downfall: ''The Fall of Númenor'', a more Elvish version, and a "Mannish" form, ''The Drowning of Anadûnê''.<ref>{{SD|3v}}</ref> These texts can be found in Volume IX of ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', ''[[Sauron Defeated]]''.
 
Tolkien's final revisions of the ''Akallabêth'' were published in the last volume of ''The History of Middle-earth'', ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]''. It was from this version that Christopher got the document that he published in ''[[The Silmarillion]]''. Since the latest version of the ''Akallabêth'' contained references to [[Ælfwine]], Christopher removed all references to him, as he believed that his father abandoned the framing device of Ælfwine and [[Pengolodh]] because there was no suggestion of it in his father's latest writings of ''[[The Later Quenta Silmarillion|The Quenta Silmarillion]]'' before his death.<ref>{{LT1|Foreword}}</ref>
 
==See also==
* [[Black Númenóreans]]
* [[Dúnedain]]
* [[Faithful]]
* [[Realms in Exile]]
 
==External links==
* [http://www.uib.no/People/hnohf/num-intro.htm ''Westernesse''], an attempt by [[Helge Fauskanger]] to show how the ''Akallabêth'' could be adapted as a prequel to [[Peter Jackson]]'s ''[[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|The Lord of the Rings]]'' and ''[[The Hobbit (film series)|The Hobbit]]'' movies.
 
{{references}}
{{numenor}}
[[Category:Adûnaic names]]
[[Category:Books and documents within the legendarium]]
[[Category:Númenor]]
[[Category:The Silmarillion chapters]]
[[Category:The Silmarillion chapters]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Akallabeth}}
[[de:Akallabêth (Schriftstück)]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/iles/akallabeth]]
[[fi:Akallabêth]]

Latest revision as of 07:39, 26 September 2023

The name Fall of Númenor refers to more than one character, item or concept. For a list of other meanings, see Fall of Númenor.
The Silmarillion chapters
  1. Ainulindalë
  2. Valaquenta
  3. Quenta Silmarillion
    1. Of the Beginning of Days
    2. Of Aulë and Yavanna
    3. Of the Coming of the Elves
    4. Of Thingol and Melian
    5. Of Eldamar
    6. Of Fëanor
    7. Of the Silmarils
    8. Of the Darkening of Valinor
    9. Of the Flight of the Noldor
    10. Of the Sindar
    11. Of the Sun and Moon
    12. Of Men
    13. Of the Return of the Noldor
    14. Of Beleriand and its Realms
    15. Of the Noldor in Beleriand
    16. Of Maeglin
    17. Of the Coming of Men
    18. Of the Ruin of Beleriand
    19. Of Beren and Lúthien
    20. Of the Fifth Battle
    21. Of Túrin Turambar
    22. Of the Ruin of Doriath
    23. Of the Fall of Gondolin
    24. Of the Voyage of Eärendil
  4. Akallabêth
  5. Of the Rings of Power

Akallabêth: The Downfall of Númenor is the fourth part of The Silmarillion, edited by Christopher Tolkien from his father's later texts.

It tells the story of the Downfall of Númenor after the Númenóreans, the descendants of those Men who aided the Elves in their fight against Morgoth during the late First Age, turned by degrees against the Valar, and were later corrupted by Sauron. The Akallabêth was written by Elendil near the end of the Second Age and was preserved in Gondor[1]

Synopsis[edit | edit source]

At the end of the First Age, the Edain, who alone among the race of Men were loyal defenders of the Elves during their war against Morgoth, were given a new land of their own in reward for their efforts, free from the troubles and sadness of Middle-earth. It was located in the middle of the Great Sea, between the western shores of Middle-earth and the eastern shores of Aman, where the Valar lived.[2]

The Eagles of Manwë by Ted Nasmith

The Men of Númenor were forbidden by the Valar to sail westward so far that they could no longer see the island, so the majority of their voyaging was eastward and in time they returned to the shores of Middle-Earth. The Númenóreans established remote colonies in Middle-earth and made contact with the Men of Middle-earth and taught them many crafts and skills. They made alliance with Gil-galad and the Elves and aided them in the war against Sauron where he was defeated by the power of the Númenóreans.

Over time many began to speak openly of their envy of the Eldar's immortality and in defiance of the Ban. The people of Númenor became split between the King's Men, those loyal to the King and prone to oppose the restraints upon Númenor, and the Faithful, those who remained true to their friendship with the Eldar and loyalty to the Valar.[2] During this time, the long life of the Númenóreans began to decrease as the Shadow rose. Their joy for life and good will departed, but their power increased.

Sauron re-emerged to challenge the power of Númenor in Middle-earth and their colonies along the shores were assailed by him and his armies. The king, Ar-Pharazôn, responded and came with a great host to Middle-earth and bade Sauron to come before him and swear fealty. To the surprise of many, Sauron did as he was asked. But the King was not content with his show of obedience, and brought Sauron back to Númenor as a hostage. Sauron gave the impression that this was against his will, but in truth it was exactly what he wanted. Sauron exploited his power to corrupt the King to his will. Soon he became his adviser, and most of the Númenóreans obeyed his will and turned to the worship of Morgoth.

Sauron convinced the King, who was now in his twilight years, to assail Aman in order to gain immortality. Thus Ar-Pharazôn led his Great Armament and landed on Aman. However, as this was done, the Valar appealed to Eru Ilúvatar and he destroyed the Great Armament. Ar-Pharazôn and his host were buried under hills, and the whole of Númenor sank under the Great Sea. Arda was made spherical and Aman was put beyond it, out of the reach of mortal Men.

The Ships of the Faithful by Ted Nasmith

Just a few people still uncorrupted by Sauron managed to escape the catastrophe; they fled Númenor by ship. This group of Faithful Númenóreans was led by Elendil the Tall and his two sons, Isildur and Anárion. They landed in Middle-earth, where the followers of Elendil established two kingdoms which came to be known as the realms of Exile: Gondor in the south, and Arnor in the north. Some of the King's Men, enemies of Elendil, who were in Middle-earth at the time of the Downfall established other realms in exile to the south; of these the Haven of Umbar was the chief. Sauron, although greatly diminished and bereft of shape, had survived the Downfall and returned to Middle-earth to continue troubling its inhabitants.

Legacy[edit | edit source]

The study of Númenor's history was suppressed in the realms of Exile because it was seen as a vain pursuit, "breeding only useless regret". Only one story from the former home of the Dúnedain remained generally known: the cautionary tale of the pride of Ar-Pharazôn and his "impious armada", which corresponds to the last half of the Akallabêth.[3]

Etymology[edit | edit source]

Akallabêth is an Adûnaic name. It means "(she that has) Downfallen[4][5] or "The Downfallen".[6] It is derived from kalab ("fall down"[7]).[8]

The Quenya translation of this word is Atalantë.[9] It is derived from the verbal stem talat- ("slipping, sliding, falling down").[10][8]

Akallabêth or Atalantë was the name for the island of Númenor after its Downfall. The Exiles became reluctant to speak of the land by any other name, or indeed much at all; but at times "they turned towards the West in the desire of their hearts" and remembered Akallabêth, their former home.[11]

Development[edit | edit source]

The Akallabêth originated with The Lost Road, a time-travel story that Tolkien wrote due to a conversation with C.S. Lewis about writing their own science fiction. Lewis produced Out of the Silent Planet however Tolkien abandoned The Lost Road, having only written two introductory chapters and two chapters of Númenor in the end, as he was more interested in writing his own version of the Atlantis legend. As Tolkien was writing The Lost Road he also produced another manuscript, an outline which was closely related to the last two chapters of The Lost Road about Númenor and its downfall. This was followed by another, more finished, manuscript titled The Fall of Númenor (chapter). These can be said to be the true germ of the Akallabêth itself, written in the mid-to-late thirties.[12]

Tolkien began to develop the tale of Númenor's Downfall further when writing The Notion Club Papers in the 1940s, about a fictional discussion group called the Notion Club (a reference to the Inklings) where its members discuss Alwin Arundel Lowdham's dreams of Atlantis and Númenor.[13] At this time there were major developments to the legend in The Drowning of Anadûnê. A large amount of the wording, especially in the later versions of the text, is retained in the Akallabêth.[14] Christopher Tolkien notes in essays, which he named sketches written by his father that he was developing two traditions concerning Númenor's history, each with its own retelling of the Downfall: The Fall of Númenor, a more Elvish version, and a "Mannish" form, The Drowning of Anadûnê.[15] These texts can be found in Volume IX of The History of Middle-earth, Sauron Defeated.

Tolkien's final revisions of the Akallabêth were published in the last volume of The History of Middle-earth, The Peoples of Middle-earth. It was from this version that Christopher got the document that he published in The Silmarillion. Since the latest version of the Akallabêth contained references to Ælfwine, Christopher removed all references to him, as he believed that his father abandoned the framing device of Ælfwine and Pengolodh because there was no suggestion of it in his father's latest writings of The Quenta Silmarillion before his death.[16]

See also[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]

References

  1. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "The Line of Elros: Kings of Númenor"
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Akallabêth: The Downfall of Númenor"
  3. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "A Description of the Island of Númenor"
  4. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings", in Parma Eldalamberon XVII (edited by Christopher Gilson), p. 111 entry Adûnaic: Akallabêth
  5. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Sauron Defeated, "Part Two: The Notion Club Papers Part Two: Night 67", p. 247
  6. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Index of Names", entry Akallabêth
  7. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Sauron Defeated, "Part Three: The Drowning of Anadûnê: (vi) Lowdham's Report on the Adunaic Language: [Final section: Further material]", p. 439
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Peoples of Middle-earth, "V. The History of the Akallabêth", $83 note on the name Atalante
  9. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Index of Names", entry Atalantë
  10. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien; Humphrey Carpenter, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, Note 102 to Letter 257, (dated 16 July 1964)
  11. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Akallabêth: The Downfall of Númenor", third last paragraph
  12. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Lost Road and Other Writings, "Part One. The Fall of Númenor and The Lost Road: I. The Early History of the Legend"
  13. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Sauron Defeated, "Part Two: The Notion Club Papers: Introduction"
  14. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Sauron Defeated, "Part Three: The Drowning of Anadûnê: (iii) The second text: [Untitled section: Comparison of texts]"
  15. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Sauron Defeated, "Part Three: The Drowning of Anadûnê: (v) The theory of the work"
  16. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Book of Lost Tales Part One, "Foreword"
Númenor
Andor · Atalantë · Elenna · Mar-nu-Falmar · Númenórë · Westernesse
Regions Andustar · Arandor · Emerië · Forostar · Hyarastorni · Hyarnustar · Hyarrostar · Mittalmar · Nísimaldar · Orrostar
Towns and cities Almaida · Andúnië · Armenelos · Eldalondë · Moriondë · Nindamos · Ondosto · Rómenna
Buildings Calmindon · Eämbar · King's Court · Temple · White House of Erendis
Natural features Bay of Eldanna · Bay of Rómenna · Firth of Rómenna · Hallow of Eru · Meneltarma (mountain) · Nísinen (lake) · North Cape · Nunduinë (river) · Oromet (mountain) · Siril (river) · Sorontil (mountain) · Tarmasundar (ridges) · Tompollë
Plants and trees Fragrant Trees · Lairelossë · Laurinquë · Lavaralda · Nessamelda · Nimloth · Oiolairë · Taniquelassë · Vardarianna · Yavannamírë
Heirlooms Aranrúth · Bow of Bregor · Dramborleg · Elendilmir · Narsil · Palantíri · Ring of Barahir · Sceptre of Annúminas · Sceptre of Númenor · Tile and Textiles · Helmet
Concepts Adûnaic · Ban of the Valar · Council of the Sceptre · Downfall of Númenor · Great Bear-dance · Heirship · Númenórean Sindarin · Three Prayers (Eruhantalë · Erukyermë · Erulaitalë)
Key people Aldarion · Amandil · Anárion · Captain of the King's Ships · Elendil · Elros (House of Elros) · Erendis · Faithful · Great Armament · Guild of Venturers · Guild of Weaponsmiths · Isildur · Kings and Queens of Númenor · King's Archers · King's Men · Lords of Andúnië · Meneldur · Miriel · Palantir · Pharazôn · Sauron · Silmariën
Main texts The Silmarillion ("Akallabêth") · Unfinished Tales ("A Description of the Island of Númenor" · "Aldarion and Erendis: The Mariner's Wife" · "The Line of Elros: Kings of Númenor") · The Lord of the Rings ("Appendix A" · "Appendix B") · The Nature of Middle-earth ("Lives of the Númenóreans" · "Of the land and beasts of Númenor")
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