Cair Andros: Difference between revisions

From Tolkien Gateway
(→‎Etymology: layout)
(Added {{FellowshipRoute}})
(11 intermediate revisions by 8 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
'''Cair Andros''' was a large river-island in the [[Anduin|Anduin River]], to the east of the land of [[Anórien]]. It was held in defence against [[Mordor]] by [[Gondor]] to prevent crossings of the [[Great River]], though these defences were breached during the [[War of the Ring]].
'''Cair Andros''' was a large river-island in the [[Anduin|Anduin River]], to the east of the land of [[Anórien]] and about fifty miles<ref>{{HM|Guide}}, p. 79</ref> north of [[Minas Tirith]].  The island itself was long and narrow, like a ship, a little over ten miles in length.<ref>{{RK|Map}}</ref>  At its northern end, its "prow" of sharp rocks split the waters of the upstream Anduin in a bubbling foam that gave the island its name.<ref name="Stewards">{{App|Stewards}}, Footnote 1</ref> Cair Andros was covered with trees for much of its length.<ref name="Cormallen">{{RK|VI4}}</ref>


The island itself was long and narrow, a little over ten miles in length. At its northern end, sharp rocks split the waters of the Anduin in a bubbling foam that gave the island its name. Cair Andros was covered with trees for much of its length.
==History==
In the [[First Age]], as believed by historians in [[Gondor]], the first men to cross the Anduin were the [[Drúedain]].  It was thought that the Drúedain came westward south of [[Mordor]], turned north through [[Ithilien]], and crossed the Great River at or near Cair Andros before eventually settling in the vales of the [[White Mountains]].<ref>{{UT|Druedain}}, ''Further Notes on the Drúedain''</ref>


Strategically, the island was of immense importance: apart from the bridge at [[Osgiliath]], it was the only practical means for an army from the east to cross the Anduin into Gondor's heartlands. The [[Gondorians]] took this risk seriously. [[Amon Dîn]], the first of the [[Beacon-hills]], was set up originally to warn the citizens of [[Minas Tirith in Gondor|Minas Tirith]] if Cair Andros was ever breached.
Upon the establishment of the realm of Gondor, the island grew in strategic importance: The only practical means for an army to cross the river were at the bridge at [[Osgiliath]], Cair Andros, and the [[Undeeps]].  After the granting of [[Calenardhon]] to the [[Éothéod]] in {{TA|2510}} (who created the realm of [[Rohan]])<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> only Cair Andros and Osgiliath remained as vulnerable crossing-points for the [[Gondorians]].


Gondor took steps to fortify the island, too, but the history of these fortifications is difficult to establish. We know that it was manned at the time of King [[Ondoher]]'s fall in [[Third Age]] 1944, but whatever defences were in place at that time were apparently abandoned, since [[Denethor II|Denethor's]] great-grandfather [[Túrin II]] found it necessary to fortify the island again in about the year 2900.
The Gondorians took Cair Andros' risk seriously. [[Amon Dîn]], the first of the [[Warning beacons of Gondor|Beacon-hills]], was set up originally to warn the citizens of [[Minas Tirith]] if Cair Andros was ever breached.<ref>{{UT|Cirion}}, Note 51</ref>


The Gondorian defences fell on March 10, 3019. On the same day that the [[Witch-king of Angmar]] rode from [[Minas Morgul]] with the armies that would besiege Minas Tirith, Sauron released a smaller force (though still numbering more than 6,000 Orcs and Men) from the [[Morannon]]. They overwhelmed the defenders of Cair Andros, and used the island to cross into Anórien. It was this northern force that blocked the eastward progress of the Rohirrim as they rode to Gondor's aid, though after the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]], the [[Rohirrim]] chased them down and pushed them back out of Anórien.
Gondor took steps to fortify the island, too. In {{TA|1248}} [[Minalcar]], regent to King [[Narmacil I]], defeated the [[Easterlings]] and upon his return fortified the west bank of the Anduin up to the [[Limlight]], which may have included the fortification of Cair Andros.<ref name="Gondor">{{App|Gondor}}</ref>


They retreated to Cair Andros, and apparently held the island for some days. In his march on Mordor, [[Aragorn II|Aragorn]] let one thousand scared young men from Rohan and Lossarnach go from his main army to retake the island if necessary, and hold it. They must have succeeded, since the last we hear of the island of Cair Andros, its moorings were used by the ships of Gondor, as glimpsed by [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] after completing his Quest.
The island was also manned at the time of King [[Ondoher]]'s fall.<ref>{{UT|Cirion}}</ref> in {{TA|1944|n}},<ref name="TA"/>
 
Centuries later, [[Túrin II]] fortified the island again in about the year {{TA|2900|n}} to protect Anórien.<ref name="Stewards"/>
 
===The War of the Ring===
The Gondorian defenses fell on [[10 March]], {{TA|3019}}. On the same day that the [[Witch-king]] rode from [[Minas Morgul]] with the armies that would besiege Minas Tirith, Sauron released a smaller force (though still numbering more than 6,000 Orcs and Men) from the [[Morannon]]. They overwhelmed the defenders of Cair Andros, and used the island to cross into Anórien.<ref name="Great">{{App|Great}}</ref> It was this northern force that blocked the eastward progress of the Rohirrim as they rode to Gondor's aid<ref>{{RK|V4}}</ref> and led to the secret ride down [[Stonewain Valley]].<ref>{{RK|V5}}</ref>  After the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]], the [[Rohirrim]] chased them down and pushed them back out of Anórien.<ref>{{RK|V9}}</ref>
 
They retreated to Cair Andros, and apparently held the island for some days. On [[23 March]],<ref name="Great"/> in his march on Mordor, [[Aragorn]] let one thousand scared young men from Rohan and Lossarnach go from his main army to retake the island if necessary, and hold it.<ref>{{RK|V10}}</ref>  They must have succeeded, since its moorings were used by the ships of Gondor, as glimpsed by [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] after completing his Quest.<ref name="Cormallen"/>


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
Cair Andros translates to "Ship of Long Foam". ''[[cirya|Cair]]'' means "ship", ''[[and]]'' means "long", and ''[[ros]]'' means (in this context at least) ''foam''.
The [[Sindarin]] name ''Cair Andros'' translates to "Ship of Long Foam".<ref name="Stewards"/> ''[[cirya|Cair]]'' means "ship", ''[[and]]'' means "long", and ''[[ros]]'' means (in this context at least) "foam".<ref>{{PE|17}}, p. 121</ref>


{{references}}
{{FellowshipRoute}}
[[Category:Gondor]]
[[Category:Gondor]]
[[Category:Islands]]
[[Category:Islands]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]


[[de:Cair Andros]]
[[de:Cair Andros]]
[[fi:Cair Andros]]
[[fi:Cair Andros]]
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:eaux:iles:cair_andros]]

Revision as of 20:27, 28 August 2015

Cair Andros was a large river-island in the Anduin River, to the east of the land of Anórien and about fifty miles[1] north of Minas Tirith. The island itself was long and narrow, like a ship, a little over ten miles in length.[2] At its northern end, its "prow" of sharp rocks split the waters of the upstream Anduin in a bubbling foam that gave the island its name.[3] Cair Andros was covered with trees for much of its length.[4]

History

In the First Age, as believed by historians in Gondor, the first men to cross the Anduin were the Drúedain. It was thought that the Drúedain came westward south of Mordor, turned north through Ithilien, and crossed the Great River at or near Cair Andros before eventually settling in the vales of the White Mountains.[5]

Upon the establishment of the realm of Gondor, the island grew in strategic importance: The only practical means for an army to cross the river were at the bridge at Osgiliath, Cair Andros, and the Undeeps. After the granting of Calenardhon to the Éothéod in T.A. 2510 (who created the realm of Rohan)[6] only Cair Andros and Osgiliath remained as vulnerable crossing-points for the Gondorians.

The Gondorians took Cair Andros' risk seriously. Amon Dîn, the first of the Beacon-hills, was set up originally to warn the citizens of Minas Tirith if Cair Andros was ever breached.[7]

Gondor took steps to fortify the island, too. In T.A. 1248 Minalcar, regent to King Narmacil I, defeated the Easterlings and upon his return fortified the west bank of the Anduin up to the Limlight, which may have included the fortification of Cair Andros.[8]

The island was also manned at the time of King Ondoher's fall.[9] in 1944,[6]

Centuries later, Túrin II fortified the island again in about the year 2900 to protect Anórien.[3]

The War of the Ring

The Gondorian defenses fell on 10 March, T.A. 3019. On the same day that the Witch-king rode from Minas Morgul with the armies that would besiege Minas Tirith, Sauron released a smaller force (though still numbering more than 6,000 Orcs and Men) from the Morannon. They overwhelmed the defenders of Cair Andros, and used the island to cross into Anórien.[10] It was this northern force that blocked the eastward progress of the Rohirrim as they rode to Gondor's aid[11] and led to the secret ride down Stonewain Valley.[12] After the Battle of the Pelennor Fields, the Rohirrim chased them down and pushed them back out of Anórien.[13]

They retreated to Cair Andros, and apparently held the island for some days. On 23 March,[10] in his march on Mordor, Aragorn let one thousand scared young men from Rohan and Lossarnach go from his main army to retake the island if necessary, and hold it.[14] They must have succeeded, since its moorings were used by the ships of Gondor, as glimpsed by Frodo after completing his Quest.[4]

Etymology

The Sindarin name Cair Andros translates to "Ship of Long Foam".[3] Cair means "ship", and means "long", and ros means (in this context at least) "foam".[15]

References

  1. Robert Foster, The Complete Guide to Middle-earth, p. 79
  2. J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, The Return of the King, "Map of Rohan, Gondor, and Mordor"
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, Appendix A, "The Númenorean Kings", "Gondor and the Heirs of Anárion", "The Stewards", Footnote 1
  4. 4.0 4.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, The Return of the King, "The Field of Cormallen"
  5. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "The Drúedain", Further Notes on the Drúedain
  6. 6.0 6.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, Appendix B, "The Third Age"
  7. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "Cirion and Eorl and the Friendship of Gondor and Rohan", Note 51
  8. J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, Appendix A, "The Númenorean Kings", "Gondor and the Heirs of Anárion"
  9. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "Cirion and Eorl and the Friendship of Gondor and Rohan"
  10. 10.0 10.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, Appendix B, "The Great Years"
  11. J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, The Return of the King, "The Siege of Gondor"
  12. J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, The Return of the King, "The Ride of the Rohirrim"
  13. J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, The Return of the King, "The Last Debate"
  14. J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, The Return of the King, "The Black Gate Opens"
  15. J.R.R. Tolkien, "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings", in Parma Eldalamberon XVII (edited by Christopher Gilson), p. 121
Route of the Fellowship of the Ring
Aragorn, Gimli and Legolas
Rivendell · Eregion · Caradhras · Moria · Lothlórien · Caras Galadhon · Anduin · Parth Galen · Amon Hen · Eastemnet · Fangorn Forest · Rohan · Edoras · Hornburg · Isengard · Dunharrow · Paths of the Dead · Gondor · Hill of Erech · Lamedon · Linhir · Lebennin · Pelargir · Minas Tirith · Osgiliath · Cross-roads · Ithilien · Dagorlad · Black Gate · Field of Cormallen · Cair Andros · Gondor · Minas Tirith · Anórien · Rohan · Edoras · Isengard
Boromir
Rivendell · Eregion · Caradhras · Moria · Lothlórien · Caras Galadhon · Anduin · Parth Galen · Amon Hen
Frodo and Sam
Rivendell · Eregion · Caradhras · Moria · Lothlórien · Caras Galadhon · Anduin · Parth Galen · Amon Hen · Emyn Muil · Dead Marshes · Black Gate · Ithilien · Henneth Annûn · Cross-roads · Morgul Vale · Stairs of Cirith Ungol · Cirith Ungol · Shelob's Lair · Tower of Cirith Ungol · Mordor · Morgai · Plateau of Gorgoroth · Mount Doom · Field of Cormallen · Cair Andros · Gondor · Minas Tirith · Anórien · Rohan · Edoras · Isengard
Gandalf
Rivendell · Eregion · Caradhras · Moria · Celebdil† · Lothlórien · Fangorn Forest · Edoras · Hornburg · Isengard · Rohan · Anórien · Gondor · Minas Tirith · Osgiliath · Cross-roads · Ithilien · Dagorlad · Black Gate · Field of Cormallen · Cair Andros · Gondor · Minas Tirith · Anórien · Rohan · Edoras · Isengard
Merry
Rivendell · Eregion · Caradhras · Moria · Lothlórien · Caras Galadhon · Anduin · Parth Galen · Amon Hen · Emyn Muil · Eastemnet · Fangorn Forest · Wellinghall · Derndingle · Isengard · Hornburg · Dunharrow · Drúadan Forest · Gondor · Minas Tirith · Anórien · Rohan · Edoras · Isengard
Pippin
Rivendell · Eregion · Caradhras · Moria · Lothlórien · Caras Galadhon · Anduin · Amon Hen · Parth Galen · Emyn Muil · Eastemnet · Fangorn Forest · Wellinghall · Derndingle · Isengard · Rohan · Anórien · Gondor · Minas Tirith · Osgiliath · Cross-roads · Ithilien · Dagorlad · Black Gate · Field of Cormallen · Gondor · Cair Andros · Minas Tirith · Anórien · Rohan · Edoras · Isengard