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'' | [[Image:Ted Nasmith - The Riders of Rohan.jpg|right|thumb|240px|''The Riders of Rohan'' by [[Ted Nasmith]].]] | ||
Calenardhon was a wide green landscape in the north of [[Gondor]], | '''Calenardhon''' was a wide green landscape in the north of [[Gondor]], part of [[Anórien]]. | ||
==History== | |||
It was devastated or deserted by the [[Great Plague]] and during the [[Watchful Peace]] the Númenórean garrisons of the forts were not renewed, and local chieftains (whose subjects were increasingly of mixed blood) gained more control. The [[Dunlendings]] decided to repopulate it.<ref>{{UT|Isen}}</ref> | |||
During the rule of the [[Steward of Gondor|Steward]] [[Cirion]], [[Gondor]] faced a series of attacks by the [[Balchoth]], and Calenardhon was overrun by these evil people. Cirion sent messages for help to Gondor's old allies, including the [[Éothéod]], to help defend Gondor. | |||
[[Eorl the Young]] answered the call, and helped Gondor defeat the Balchoth at the [[Field of Celebrant]]. In gratitude, Cirion granted all Calenardhon, except for [[Anórien]], to the Éothéod. | [[Eorl the Young]] answered the call, and helped Gondor defeat the Balchoth at the [[Field of Celebrant]]. In gratitude, Cirion granted all Calenardhon, except for [[Anórien]], to the Éothéod. | ||
After the Éothéod settled in Calenardhon, the land became known as [[Rohan]] or the Riddermark. | After the Éothéod settled in Calenardhon, the land became known as [[Rohan]] or the [[Riddermark]]. | ||
==Etymology== | |||
'''''Calenardhon''''' is [[Sindarin]], meaning "Green Province"<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Nancy Smith]], "[[Index questions]]". Cf. [[Wayne G. Hammond]] and [[Christina Scull]] (HarperCollins''Publishers'' 2008), ''[[The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion]]'', p. 477</ref> or "the (great) green region"<ref>{{L|297}}</ref> (''[[calen]]'' "green" + ''[[ardhon]]'' "province, great region"). | |||
The hypothetical [[Old Sindarin]] would likely be *''Kalinardondo''.<ref>[http://www.jrrvf.com/hisweloke/sindar/archive.html 2000 "Cabor" edition of the Sindarin Dictionary] (accessible through [http://www.jrrvf.com/cgi-bin/hisweloke/register.cgi?license=show here]); entries "calen" and "ardhon"</ref> | |||
Earlier names used by Tolkien for this region were ''[[Elenarda (disambiguation)|Elenarda]]'' > ''Kalen(arda)'' > ''Kalinarda'' > ''Calenardan'' > ''Calenardon''.<ref>{{WR|2|V}}</ref><ref>{{PM|VII}}</ref> | |||
{{references}} | |||
[[Category:Rohan]] | [[Category:Rohan]] | ||
[[Category:Regions]] | |||
[[Category:Pronounced articles]] | |||
[[Category:Gondor]] | |||
[[Category:Sindarin locations]] | |||
[[de:Calenardhon]] | |||
[[fi:Calenardhon]] | |||
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:regions:calenardhon]] | |||
Revision as of 18:02, 13 June 2012
 | Calenardhon.mp3 |
| By Ardamir. (Help; more articles) | |
Calenardhon was a wide green landscape in the north of Gondor, part of Anórien.
History
It was devastated or deserted by the Great Plague and during the Watchful Peace the Númenórean garrisons of the forts were not renewed, and local chieftains (whose subjects were increasingly of mixed blood) gained more control. The Dunlendings decided to repopulate it.[1]
During the rule of the Steward Cirion, Gondor faced a series of attacks by the Balchoth, and Calenardhon was overrun by these evil people. Cirion sent messages for help to Gondor's old allies, including the Éothéod, to help defend Gondor.
Eorl the Young answered the call, and helped Gondor defeat the Balchoth at the Field of Celebrant. In gratitude, Cirion granted all Calenardhon, except for Anórien, to the Éothéod.
After the Éothéod settled in Calenardhon, the land became known as Rohan or the Riddermark.
Etymology
Calenardhon is Sindarin, meaning "Green Province"[2] or "the (great) green region"[3] (calen "green" + ardhon "province, great region").
The hypothetical Old Sindarin would likely be *Kalinardondo.[4]
Earlier names used by Tolkien for this region were Elenarda > Kalen(arda) > Kalinarda > Calenardan > Calenardon.[5][6]
References
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "The Battles of the Fords of Isen"
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Nancy Smith, "Index questions". Cf. Wayne G. Hammond and Christina Scull (HarperCollinsPublishers 2008), The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion, p. 477
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien; Humphrey Carpenter, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, Letter 297, (dated August 1967)
- ↑ 2000 "Cabor" edition of the Sindarin Dictionary (accessible through here); entries "calen" and "ardhon"
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The War of the Ring, "Part Two: The Ring Goes East", "V. Faramir"
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Peoples of Middle-earth, "VII. The Heirs of Elendil"
