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{{font|[http://www.acondia.com/fonts/cirth/ Cirth Erebor] by [[Dan Smith]]}}
'''Certhas Daeron''' is the name of the standardization that [[Daeron]] performed in the ancient [[Cirth]] during the [[First Age]].
'''Certhas Daeron''' is the name of the standardization that [[Daeron]] performed in the ancient [[Cirth]] during the [[First Age]].
== Table ==
== Table ==
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==History==
==History==
In the [[Valian Year 1350]]<ref>{{HM|WJ}}, [[The Grey Annals]]</ref>, Dairon (better known as [[Daeron]]), the Minstrel and Loremaster of [[Doriath]], reorganised the cirth and added new ones, making the extension of the cirth known as Certhas Daeron, used for inscribing names in [[Menegroth]]. The [[Dwarves]] working for [[Thingol]] liked them and adopted them, making them known also in the East, beyond the [[Blue Mountains]].
In {{YT|1350}}<ref>{{HM|WJ}}, [[The Grey Annals]]</ref>, Dairon (better known as [[Daeron]]), the Minstrel and Loremaster of [[Doriath]], reorganised the cirth and added new ones, making the extension of the cirth known as Certhas Daeron, used for inscribing names in [[Menegroth]]. The [[Dwarves]] working for [[Thingol]] liked them and adopted them, making them known also in the East, beyond the [[Blue Mountains]].
 
The nature and the timeframe of the standardization however are obscure; some point the similarities between <em style="font-style: normal; font-family: 'Tengwar Annatar', 'Tengwar Quenya', 'Tengwar Sindarin', 'Tengwar Formal', 'Tengwar Parmaite', 'Tengwar Elfica'; font-size: 1.5em;">q</em> and <em style="font-style: normal; font-family: 'Tengwar Annatar', 'Tengwar Quenya', 'Tengwar Sindarin', 'Tengwar Formal', 'Tengwar Parmaite', 'Tengwar Elfica'; font-size: 1.5em;">1</em> with <em style="font-family: 'Cirth Erebor'; font-style: normal;">1</em> and <em style="font-family: 'Cirth Erebor'; font-style: normal;">8</em> as signs that Daeron was influenced by the [[Tengwar]], therefore this must not have occurred before the return of the [[Noldor]]. Unlike the previous system, the reversal of the certh had a phonemic significance: reversed cirth were softer versions of their originals. This also gives us another piece of information: perhaps [[prestanneth|lenited]] consonants must have started to occur in Sindarin around that time.


The nature and the timeframe of the standardization however are obscure; some point the similarities between <em style="font-style: normal; font-family: 'Tengwar Annatar', 'Tengwar Quenya', 'Tengwar Sindarin', 'Tengwar Formal', 'Tengwar Parmaite', 'Tengwar Elfica'; font-size: 1.5em;">q</em> et <em style="font-style: normal; font-family: 'Tengwar Annatar', 'Tengwar Quenya', 'Tengwar Sindarin', 'Tengwar Formal', 'Tengwar Parmaite', 'Tengwar Elfica'; font-size: 1.5em;">1</em> with <em style="font-family: 'Cirth Erebor'; font-style: normal;">1</em> and <em style="font-family: 'Cirth Erebor'; font-style: normal;">8</em> as signs that Daeron was influenced by the [[Tengwar]], therefore this mustn't had occurred before the return of the [[Noldor]]. Unlike the previous system, the reversal of the certh had a phonemic significance: reversed cirth were softer versions of their originals. This also gives us another information: perhaps [[prestanneth|lenited]] consonants must have started to occur in Sindarin around that time.
==Alterations==
==Alterations==
We know that at one time a sound of ''mh'' (soft ''m'') was needed at some later time<ref>{{HM|AE}}</ref> and the most appropriate solution was to revert the certh for ''m'' to indicate its softening, but it could not be reverted (presumably it was the certh <em style="font-family: 'Cirth Erebor'; font-style: normal;">5</em>); therefore ''m'' was given to <em style="font-family: 'Cirth Erebor'; font-style: normal;">6</em> (which until then had a value unknown to us), and <em style="font-family: 'Cirth Erebor'; font-style: normal;">5</em> got the value of ''hw''.  
We know the sound of ''mh'' (soft ''m'') was needed at some later time<ref>{{HM|AE}}</ref> and the most appropriate solution was to reverse the certh for ''m'' to indicate its softening, but it could not be reversed (presumably it was the certh <em style="font-family: 'Cirth Erebor'; font-style: normal;">5</em>); therefore ''m'' was given to <em style="font-family: 'Cirth Erebor'; font-style: normal;">6</em> (which until then had a value unknown to us), and <em style="font-family: 'Cirth Erebor'; font-style: normal;">5</em> got the value of ''hw''.  


The same process took place with ''r'', ''l'' etc..  
The same process took place with ''r'', ''l'' etc..  
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{{references}}
{{references}}
[[category:Writing systems]]
{{languages}}
 
[[Category:Writing systems]]

Latest revision as of 03:37, 22 March 2023

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This article displays one of J.R.R. Tolkien's writing systems. For optimal viewing, install the following font:

Cirth Erebor by Dan Smith


Certhas Daeron is the name of the standardization that Daeron performed in the ancient Cirth during the First Age.

Table[edit | edit source]

1 p 8 t e c R r
2 b 9 d r g T rh
3 f 0 th t ch a l
4 v ! dh y gh s lh
5 m?>hw @ n u ñ g s
6 ?>m # h h ss
7 mh
l i, y- S u z e c a b o
D ú x é v á n ó
F w m œ
G y

History[edit | edit source]

In Y.T. 1350[1], Dairon (better known as Daeron), the Minstrel and Loremaster of Doriath, reorganised the cirth and added new ones, making the extension of the cirth known as Certhas Daeron, used for inscribing names in Menegroth. The Dwarves working for Thingol liked them and adopted them, making them known also in the East, beyond the Blue Mountains.

The nature and the timeframe of the standardization however are obscure; some point the similarities between q and 1 with 1 and 8 as signs that Daeron was influenced by the Tengwar, therefore this must not have occurred before the return of the Noldor. Unlike the previous system, the reversal of the certh had a phonemic significance: reversed cirth were softer versions of their originals. This also gives us another piece of information: perhaps lenited consonants must have started to occur in Sindarin around that time.

Alterations[edit | edit source]

We know the sound of mh (soft m) was needed at some later time[2] and the most appropriate solution was to reverse the certh for m to indicate its softening, but it could not be reversed (presumably it was the certh 5); therefore m was given to 6 (which until then had a value unknown to us), and 5 got the value of hw.

The same process took place with r, l etc..

Maybe at that time, also the distinct cirth for semivowels and umlauts (sounds like w, y and œ), were employed.

References

Languages and scripts in Tolkien's works
Elvish Angerthas (Angerthas Daeron) · Avarin · Cirth (Certhas Daeron) · Common Eldarin · Mátengwië · Moon-letters · Nandorin · Primitive Quendian · Quenya (Exilic · Valinorean · Vanyarin) · Sarati · Silvan Elvish · Sindarin (Doriathrin · Falathrin · Númenórean · Mithrimin · Old) · Telerin (Common) · Tengwar
Mannish Adûnaic · Dalish · Drúadan · Dunlendish · Halethian · Northern Mannish · Pre-Númenórean · Rohanese · Taliska · Westron (Bucklandish · Hobbitish · Stoorish)
Dwarvish Angerthas (Erebor · Moria) · Aulëan · Iglishmêk · Khuzdul
Other Black Speech · Old Entish · Orkish · Valarin · Warg-language
Earlier legendarium Gnomish · Gnomic Letters · Gondolinic Runes · Ilkorin · Keladian · Noldorin (Kornoldorin) · Melkian · Oromëan · Qenya · Valmaric script
Outside the legendarium Animalic · Arktik · Goblin Alphabet · Mágol · Naffarin · New English Alphabet · Nevbosh · Privata Kodo Skauta
Real-world Celtic · English (Old · Middle · AB) · Finnish · Germanic · Gothic · Hebrew · Runic alphabet · Welsh
"A Secret Vice" (book) · "The Lhammas" · "The Tree of Tongues" · Sub-creation