Formen

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−	'''''formen''''' is a noun meaning "north" in [[Quenya]]. Compare with ''[[forod]]'' in [[Sindarin]].	+	__NOTOC__
		+	'''''formen''''' is a noun meaning "north" in [[Quenya]].<ref name="Names">{{App|Letters}}, Note, ''The names of the letters''</ref>
−	[[Image:Formen.gif]]''Formen'' is also the name of the tenth letter of the [[Tengwar]] alphabet.	+	[[Image:Formen.gif|left]]''Formen'' is also the name in Quenya of the tenth letter of the [[Tengwar]] alphabet.<ref name="Names"/>  It is the second letter of the third grade or [[Tyellë]], which contains "voiceless spirants" and it is the third letter in the labial or ''p''-series of consonants, the ''[[Parmatéma]]''.  In all modes ''Formen'' represents '''F'''.<ref>{{App|Letters}}</ref>  It was one of the most widely known and used of all the Tengwar since it indicated "north" even in languages that used a very different term.<ref name="Names"/>  The Westron name for this letter is '''''Fí'''''.<ref>See [[Westron Tengwar]]</ref>
−	Example:	+	==Etymology==
		+	In the West-lands of [[Middle-earth]] the four cardinal directions were ''[[Númen]], [[Hyarmen]], [[Rómen]],'' and ''Formen'', and they were named in this order, beginning with (and facing) west.  ''Hyarmen'' meant a left-hand region and ''Formen'' meant a right-hand region.<ref name="Names"/>  Thus the word for "north" derives from the [[Primitive Quendian]] [[Sundocarme|root]] [[PHOR]], meaning "right hand", plus [[MEN]] indicating direction.<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, PHOR-</ref>
		+
		+	==Examples==
	* [[Formenos]] = "Northern Fortress"		* [[Formenos]] = "Northern Fortress"
−	== References ==	+	==See Also ==
−	* ''[[The Languages of Tolkien's Middle-earth]]'' by [[Ruth S. Noel]]	+	* [http://www.uib.no/People/hnohf/qlist.htm Quenya Corpus Wordlist] edited by [[Helge Fauskanger]]
−	* [http://www.uib.no/People/hnohf/qlist.htm Quenya Corpus Wordlist] edited by [[Helge Kåre Fauskanger]]	+
−	[[Category:Quenya words]]	+	{{references}}
		+	{{title|lowercase}}
		+	[[Category:Quenya nouns]]
		+	[[Category:Quenya adjectives]]
	[[Category:Tengwar letters]]		[[Category:Tengwar letters]]
		+	[[de:Formen]]
		+	[[fi:Formen]]

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Latest revision as of 20:47, 8 November 2012

formen is a noun meaning "north" in Quenya.^[1]

Formen is also the name in Quenya of the tenth letter of the Tengwar alphabet.^[1] It is the second letter of the third grade or Tyellë, which contains "voiceless spirants" and it is the third letter in the labial or p-series of consonants, the Parmatéma. In all modes Formen represents F.^[2] It was one of the most widely known and used of all the Tengwar since it indicated "north" even in languages that used a very different term.^[1] The Westron name for this letter is Fí.^[3]

[edit] Etymology

In the West-lands of Middle-earth the four cardinal directions were Númen, Hyarmen, Rómen, and Formen, and they were named in this order, beginning with (and facing) west. Hyarmen meant a left-hand region and Formen meant a right-hand region.^[1] Thus the word for "north" derives from the Primitive Quendian root PHOR, meaning "right hand", plus MEN indicating direction.^[4]

[edit] Examples

• Formenos = "Northern Fortress"

[edit] See Also

• Quenya Corpus Wordlist edited by Helge Fauskanger

[edit] References

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3} J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, Appendix E, "Writing", "The Fëanorian Letters", Note, The names of the letters
2. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, Appendix E, "Writing", "The Fëanorian Letters"
3. ↑ See Westron Tengwar
4. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Lost Road and Other Writings, "Part Three: The Etymologies", PHOR-