Helcaraxë

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Fingolfin Leads the Host Across the Helcaraxë by Ted Nasmith.

Helcaraxë (pron. N [ˌhelkaˈrakse], V [ˌxelkaˈrakse]) was the perilous icy wastes that formerly lay between Araman (a region in the north of Aman) and Middle-earth in the far north of Arda.[1] Here met the Encircling Sea and the Belegaer, creating "vast fogs and mists of deathly cold, and the sea-streams were filled with clashing hills of ice and the grinding of ice deep-sunken."[2]

At the beginning of the First Age, Morgoth and Ungoliant, escaping from the pursuit of the Valar, fled to Middle-earth across the treacherous wastes of the Helcaraxë. Later, Fingolfin and his people also made their way into Middle-earth across the Helcaraxë.[2]

Helcaraxë was also referred to as the Grinding Ice.[3][4] Another name for this region was perhaps also the Narrow Ice, used by Bilbo Baggins in his poem Song of Eärendil.[5]

Etymology

Helcaraxë is composed of Quenya helca "ice, ice-cold" and caraxe "jagged hedge of spikes".[6][7]

In early linguistic writings, Tolkien experimented with Noldorin translations of Helcaraxë: elcharaes, helcharaes or Helcharach.[6][8]

References