Hithlum: Difference between revisions

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{{kingdom
{{kingdom
| image = [[Image:Hithlum-map.jpg|300px]]
| image=[[File:Peter Xavier Price - Hithlum.jpeg|250px]]
| name = Hithlum
| name=Hithlum
| meaning = "Mist Shadow"
| pronun=
| type = Monarchy
| othernames=
| headofstate =  
| location=North-western [[Beleriand]], within the [[Ered Wethrin]]
| executive =  
| capital=[[Barad Eithel]]
| legislative =  
| towns=
| judicial =  
| regions=[[Dor-lómin]], [[Mithrim]]
| capital = [[Barad Eithel]]
| population=[[Elves of Mithrim]], [[Noldor]], [[House of Hador]]
| language = [[Quenya]]/[[Sindarin]]
| language=[[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]
| location = Northwestern [[Beleriand]]
| govern1=[[Fingolfin]], [[Fingon]]
| populace= [[Ñoldor]]
| govern2=
| established = 1497 Years of Trees
| govern3=
| dissolved = 472 First Age
| currency=
| holiday=
| precededby=
| event1=Noldor arrive
| event1date={{YT|1497}}
| event2=Fingolfin becomes High King
| event2date={{FA|5}}
| event3=Noldor defeated
| event3date={{FA|472}}
| event4=
| event4date=
| event5=
| event5date=
| followedby=
}}
}}
{{Pronounce|Hithlum.mp3|Ardamir}}
{{Pronounce|Hithlum.mp3|Ardamir}}
'''Hithlum''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈhiθlum]}}) is the region north of [[Beleriand]] near the [[Helcaraxë]].
'''Hithlum''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈhiθlum]}}) was a region north of [[Beleriand]] near the [[Helcaraxë]].
 
==Description==
Hithlum was separated from Beleriand proper by the [[Ered Wethrin]] mountain chain, and was named after the sea mists which formed there at times.<ref name="Bel">{{S|Beleriand}}</ref>  The Ered Wethrin ("Mountains of Shadow") formed the southern and eastern wall, and had only a few passes; as such they formed a natural defensive line. The western wall was formed by the [[Ered Lómin]] or "Echoing Mountains", which curved north-westward to [[Helcaraxë]].  The land of [[Lammoth]] lay west of the Ered Wethrin and was not part of Beleriand or Hithlum, and the land of [[Nevrast]] was separated from Hithlum by the southern part of the Ered Lómin.<ref name="Map">{{S|Map}}</ref>  Hithlum was cold and rainy, but quite fertile.<ref name="Bel"/>
 
Hithlum was subdivided in [[Mithrim]], where the High Kings of the [[Noldor]] had their halls,<ref name="Bel"/> and [[Dor-lómin]], which later became a fief of the [[House of Hador]].<ref>{{S|West}}</ref>


Hithlum was separated from Beleriand proper by the [[Ered Wethrin]] mountain chain, and was named after the sea mists which formed there at times: ''Hithlum'' is [[North Sindarin]] for "Mist-shadow"; its [[Quenya]] counterpart is '''Hisilómë''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˌhisiˈloːme]}}, stem ''Hisilómi-''), and its [[Sindarin]] name was either '''Hithlaw''' or '''Hithlû'''.
==History==
Hithlum was populated by the [[Elves of Mithrim]] who were [[Sindar]].
The Ñoldor entered Hithlum via the [[Firth of Drengist]] and first camped at the shores of [[Lake Mithrim]]. The land was covered by mists and vapours from the [[Thangorodrim]], and thus they named it '''Hísilómë''' or '''Land of Mist'''.<ref name="Bel"/> [[Thingol]] gave leave to the Noldor to settle it and was ruled by [[Fingolfin]] and [[Fingon]] from its northern lands.<ref name=return>{{S|Return}}</ref>


Hithlum was subdivided in [[Mithrim]], where the High Kings of the [[Noldor]] had their halls, and [[Dor-lómin]], which later became a fief of the [[House of Hador]].
Later in the [[First Age]], Hithlum was [[assaults on Hithlum|continually under attack]] by [[Morgoth]], but its natural defenses, fortified by fortresses such as [[Barad Eithel]], proved impassable.<ref name="Map"/> Almost a century after the [[Dagor Aglareb]], a small number of [[Orcs]] came from the [[Firth of Drengist]] from the west, but once they were spotted, Fingon pushed them back into the sea.<ref name=return/>


The [[Ered Wethrin]] ("Mountains of Shadow") formed the southern and western wall, and had only a few passes; as such they formed a natural defensive line. The eastern wall was formed by the [[Ered Lómin]] or "Echoing Mountains", which curved north-westward to [[Helcaraxë]].
During the following peaceful years, Fingolfin welcomed to his service the folk of the House of Hador to whom he gave some lands.<ref>{{S|Men}}</ref> The mountains protected Hithlum during the [[Dagor Bragollach]], after which [[Edain]] of the [[First House]] came from [[Dorthonion]] as refugees and joined those of Hador.<ref name=ruin/>


The land of Lammoth lay east of the Ered Wethrin and was not part of Beleriand or Hithlum, and the land of [[Nevrast]] was separated from Hithlum by the southern part of the Ered Lómin. Nevrast was usually seen as part of Hithlum, but its climate was that of Beleriand.
Seven years after the Dagor Bragollach, Morgoth sent a great force against Hithlum, attacking the passes of the Ered Wethrin. [[Galdor (Lord of Dor-lómin)|Galdor]] died defending the [[Eithel Sirion]]; in a second attempt the [[Falathrim]] sailed up the Firth of Drengist, then assisted Fingon by striking the unsuspecting orcs from the west.<ref name=ruin>{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref>


Hithlum was cold and rainy, but quite fertile. The Ñoldor landed here in the ''Firth of Drengist'' and first camped at the shores of [[Lake Mithrim]].
Hithlum eventually was lost after the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]]. The Hadorians were scattered, killed, or enslaved, the Noldor who could not flee in time were enslaved in Morgoth's mines. Morgoth gave the [[Swarthy Men]] the lands of Hithlum as a reward, but actually they were trapped there.<ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref>


Later in the [[First Age]], Hithlum was continually under attack by [[Morgoth]], finally being lost after the [[Nírnaeth Arnoediad]]. The Hadorians were scattered, killed, or enslaved, the Noldor were enslaved in Morgoth's mines if they could not flee in time, and Morgoth trapped the [[Easterlings]] there.
Hithlum was completely destroyed during the [[War of Wrath]].<ref>{{S|Earendil}}</ref>


Hithlum was completely destroyed during the [[War of Wrath]].
==Etymology==
''Hithlum'' is a [[North Sindarin]] word,<ref name=PE17/> meaning "Mist-shadow" (''[[hith]]'' + ''[[lum]]''), a translation from [[Quenya]] '''''Hísilómë''''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˌhisiˈloːme]}}, stem ''Hisilómi-'').<ref>{{S|Index}}, ''Hísilómë''</ref> Its classical [[Sindarin]] name is said to be '''''Hithlũ'''''.<ref name=PE17>{{PE|17}} p. 133</ref>  In the days of [[Túrin]] the region was called ''Aryador'' in the language of [[Men]].<ref>{{LB|1b}}</ref>


[[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] initially marked the word as [[Noldorin]]; its second element was cognate to Quenya ''[[lumbe]]''.<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, entry LUM- p. 370</ref>
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| south-east= [[Doriath]]
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|}}
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{{references}}
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]
[[Category:Elven Realms]]
[[Category:Sindarin Locations]]
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]
[[Category:Elven realms]]
[[de:Hithlum]]
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[[fr:encyclo/geographie/regions/beleriand/hithlum]]

Revision as of 17:42, 16 January 2016

"...It is a long tale..." — Aragorn
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Hithlum
Peter Xavier Price - Hithlum.jpeg
General information
LocationNorth-western Beleriand, within the Ered Wethrin
CapitalBarad Eithel
RegionsDor-lómin, Mithrim
People
PopulationElves of Mithrim, Noldor, House of Hador
LanguageQuenya and Sindarin
GovernanceFingolfin, Fingon
History
Noldor arriveY.T. 1497
Fingolfin becomes High KingF.A. 5
Noldor defeatedF.A. 472
GalleryImages of Hithlum

Hithlum (S, pron. [ˈhiθlum]) was a region north of Beleriand near the Helcaraxë.

Description

Hithlum was separated from Beleriand proper by the Ered Wethrin mountain chain, and was named after the sea mists which formed there at times.[1] The Ered Wethrin ("Mountains of Shadow") formed the southern and eastern wall, and had only a few passes; as such they formed a natural defensive line. The western wall was formed by the Ered Lómin or "Echoing Mountains", which curved north-westward to Helcaraxë. The land of Lammoth lay west of the Ered Wethrin and was not part of Beleriand or Hithlum, and the land of Nevrast was separated from Hithlum by the southern part of the Ered Lómin.[2] Hithlum was cold and rainy, but quite fertile.[1]

Hithlum was subdivided in Mithrim, where the High Kings of the Noldor had their halls,[1] and Dor-lómin, which later became a fief of the House of Hador.[3]

History

Hithlum was populated by the Elves of Mithrim who were Sindar. The Ñoldor entered Hithlum via the Firth of Drengist and first camped at the shores of Lake Mithrim. The land was covered by mists and vapours from the Thangorodrim, and thus they named it Hísilómë or Land of Mist.[1] Thingol gave leave to the Noldor to settle it and was ruled by Fingolfin and Fingon from its northern lands.[4]

Later in the First Age, Hithlum was continually under attack by Morgoth, but its natural defenses, fortified by fortresses such as Barad Eithel, proved impassable.[2] Almost a century after the Dagor Aglareb, a small number of Orcs came from the Firth of Drengist from the west, but once they were spotted, Fingon pushed them back into the sea.[4]

During the following peaceful years, Fingolfin welcomed to his service the folk of the House of Hador to whom he gave some lands.[5] The mountains protected Hithlum during the Dagor Bragollach, after which Edain of the First House came from Dorthonion as refugees and joined those of Hador.[6]

Seven years after the Dagor Bragollach, Morgoth sent a great force against Hithlum, attacking the passes of the Ered Wethrin. Galdor died defending the Eithel Sirion; in a second attempt the Falathrim sailed up the Firth of Drengist, then assisted Fingon by striking the unsuspecting orcs from the west.[6]

Hithlum eventually was lost after the Nirnaeth Arnoediad. The Hadorians were scattered, killed, or enslaved, the Noldor who could not flee in time were enslaved in Morgoth's mines. Morgoth gave the Swarthy Men the lands of Hithlum as a reward, but actually they were trapped there.[7]

Hithlum was completely destroyed during the War of Wrath.[8]

Etymology

Hithlum is a North Sindarin word,[9] meaning "Mist-shadow" (hith + lum), a translation from Quenya Hísilómë (pron. [ˌhisiˈloːme], stem Hisilómi-).[10] Its classical Sindarin name is said to be Hithlũ.[9] In the days of Túrin the region was called Aryador in the language of Men.[11]

Tolkien initially marked the word as Noldorin; its second element was cognate to Quenya lumbe.[12]

Hithlum
Helcaraxë Angband
Lammoth WindRose3.pngAnfauglith, Dorthonion
Nevrast Nargothrond Doriath

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of Beleriand and its Realms"
  2. 2.0 2.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Map of Beleriand and the Lands to the North"
  3. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of the Coming of Men into the West"
  4. 4.0 4.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of the Return of the Noldor"
  5. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of Men"
  6. 6.0 6.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of the Ruin of Beleriand and the Fall of Fingolfin"
  7. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of the Fifth Battle: Nirnaeth Arnoediad"
  8. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Quenta Silmarillion: Of the Voyage of Eärendil and the War of Wrath"
  9. 9.0 9.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings", in Parma Eldalamberon XVII (edited by Christopher Gilson) p. 133
  10. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Index of Names", Hísilómë
  11. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Lays of Beleriand, "I. The Lay of the Children of Húrin: I. Túrin's Fostering"
  12. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Lost Road and Other Writings, Part Three: "The Etymologies", entry LUM- p. 370