Parma Endorion

Parma Endorion: Essays on Middle-earth by Michael Martinez is a freely available eBook containing numerous essays and insight into J.R.R. Tolkien's Arda.

Contents

Chapter 1: The Geography of Arda

• • The Continents Of Arda
    • Aman (The Undying Lands)
      • Valinor
      • Eldamar
      • Araman
      • Avathar
    • Elenna (Numenor)
      • The Mittalmar (Inlands)
      • The Orrostar (Northeast lands)
      • The Forostar (North lands)
      • The Andustar (West lands)
      • The Hyarnustar (Southwest lands)
      • The Hyarrostar (Southeast lands)
    • Endor (The Middle Lands)
      • Beleriand (Land of the Valar)
      • Eriador (Land Between the Mountains)
      • Rhovanion (Wilderland)
      • Gondor (Land of Stone)
      • Near Harad (Near South)
      • Far Harad (Far South)
      • Mordor (Black Land)
      • Rhun (the East)
    • Hyarmenor (The Dark Lands)
    • Romenor (The Eastern Lands)

Chapter 2: A Brief History of Arda

• • The Ainur
  • The Quendi (Speakers, or Elves)
  • The Naugrim (Dwarves)
  • The Atani (Men)

Chapter 3: The Elven Peoples of Arda

• • The Avari
  • The Silvan Elves
  • The Sindar
  • The Noldor
  • The Falmari
  • The Vanyar

Chapter 4: The [Men]] of Arda

• • The Edainic Peoples
    • The Edain of Beleriand
    • The Edain of Numenor
    • The Edain of Eriador
    • The Edain of Rhovanion]]
    • The Gwathuirim
      • The Dunlendings
      • The Men of Bree
      • The Men of Dunharrow
    • The Men of Gondor
    • The Swarthy Men
      • The Folk of Bor
      • The Folk of Ulfang
      • Lorgan's Tribe
    • The Forodwaith
    • The Easterlings
    • The First Easterlings Of The Third Age
    • The Wainriders
    • The Balchoth
    • Later Easterlings
    • The Haradrim

Chapter 5: Orcs and Other Foul Things

• • Orcs
  • What did Orcs look like?

Chapter 6: A Little Bit Of Hobbit Lore

• • Where did Hobbits come from?
  • What happened To Smeagol's people?
  • How did Hobbits go to sea?

Chapter 7: Things You Might Not Have Known About The Northmen

• • The Anglo-Saxon Myth
  • Why did Tolkien use Old English to represent the language of Rohan?
  • But what about "Beowulf?" Didn't Tolkien use material from the classic Anglo-Saxon poem?
  • Okay, but were The Rohirrim unlike the Anglo-Saxons in any Significant way?
  • What About The Burial Mounds outside Edoras?
  • The Kingdom of Dale
  • The Great King Bladorthin

Chapter 10: Planning The Middle-earth Wedding

• • Rehearsals and Receptions

Chapter 11: The Wonders of Middle-earth

• • Wonders of the First Age
    • Menegroth
    • Gondolin
    • Khazad-dum
  • Wonders of the Second Age
    • The Statues of Dunharrow
  • Wonders of the Third Age
    • The Argonath
    • The Bridge of Osgiliath
    • The Twin Fortresses of Aglarond and Angrenost

Chapter 13: Sources Used For Research

• Appendix A: New Information
  • Orcs

External links

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