https://tolkiengateway.net/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=41.217.193.6&feedformat=atomTolkien Gateway - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T06:02:14ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.3https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Shire&diff=110030The Shire2010-06-20T15:24:00Z<p>41.217.193.6: /* History */</p>
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<div>{{rewrite}}<br />
{{sources}}<br />
{{kingdom<br />
| image = [[Image:fotr0066.jpg|300px]]<br />
| name = The Shire<br />
| meaning = <br />
| type = Thainship<br />
| hidep=yes<br />
| headofstate = [[Kings of Arnor|King of Arnor]] (de jure), [[Thain]], [[Mayor of Michel Delving]]<br />
| executive = [[Shirriffs]]<br />
| legislative = <br />
| judicial = <br />
| capital = [[Michel Delving]] (de facto)<br />
| size = 18,000 square miles<br />
| language = [[Hobbitish]]<br />
| location = Central [[Eriador]]<br />
| populace= [[Hobbits]]<br />
| currency = <br />
| religious = <br />
| holiday = <br />
| anthem = <br />
| formed = The westward migration of Hobbits led by [[Marcho]] and [[Blanco]]<br />
| established = [[Third Age 1601|T.A. 1601]]<br />
| reorganized = [[Fourth Age 32]]<br />
| fragmented = <br />
| dissolved = <br />
| restored = <br />
}}<br />
'''The Shire''' is the region that is occupied by [[Hobbits]]. It is located in the north-west of Middle-earth, in the 'continent' of [[Eriador]] and the Kingdom of [[Arnor]]. Its name in [[Westron]] was '''[[Sûza]]''' "Shire" or '''Sûza-t''' "The Shire".<br />
==Geography==<br />
The Shire measured 40 leagues (193 km, 120 [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] miles) from the Far Downs in the west to the Brandywine Bridge in the east, and 50 leagues (241 km, 150 miles) from the northern moors to the marshes in the south. All in all, the Shire had an area of 18,000 square miles (47,000 km&sup2;). In order for this figure to be accurate it must be assumed that the Shire was roughly rectangular in shape.<br />
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The Brandywine ([[Baranduin]]) river bounds the Shire from the east. (Hobbits also live in ''Buckland'', which lies as a narrow slice between the river and [[The Hedge]] but was not formally recognised as part of The Shire until after the [[War of the Ring]]) From the north and the west The Shire has no topographical borders, but rather is bounded by the ancient south and east roads, and by vague geographical features such as the [[Tower Hills]].<br />
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The Shire is described as a small but beautiful and fruitful land, beloved by its inhabitants. The Hobbits had an extensive agricultural system in the Shire, but did not proceed with industrialization. Various supplies could be found in the Shire, including cereals, fruit, wood and [[pipe-weed]] (a favourite treat of Hobbits). <br />
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The Shire was quite densely populated in parts with many villages and a few towns, but it still was open enough to allow for wide forested areas and marshes.<br />
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==Administration==<br />
Initially, The Shire was a part of Arthedain. The Hobbits considered themselves as subjects of the King and only after the fall of Arnor, the Shire became an independent political unit led by the '''[[Thain]]''' from ''[[Tuckborough]]'' who was the head of the important [[Took Family|Took clan]]. While nominally the Thain ruled over the four [[Farthings]], in practice authority was so decentralized that the title was seen as more of a formality and ceremonial.<br />
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Official of the Shire was the '''[[Mayor of Michel Delving|Mayor]]''' of [[Michel Delving]] in the [[White Downs]] (by extension seen as the [[Mayor of the Shire]]). The Mayor's chief duties were serving as postmaster of the Shire's [[Messenger Service]], charging the [[Watch]] and presiding at fairs<br />
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Finally, the '''[[Master of Buckland]]''' at ''[[Bucklebury]]'' controlled [[Buckland]].<br />
[[Image:fotr0059.jpg|300px|left|thumb|The Shire in [[Peter Jackson's The Fellowship of the Ring]].]]<br />
The sole law enforcement officials in the Shire were the [[Shirriffs]]. Their job was to protect the Shire from trespassers more than anything. There were three in each Farthing, and were distinguished from "civilians" by a feather worn in their caps. The [[Bounders]] were the land's border-guard, charged with turning back unwanted people or beasts, and their number varied according to need.<br />
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The Shire was originally divided in four Farthings (''[[Northfarthing]]'', ''[[Southfarthing]]'', ''[[Eastfarthing]]'', and ''[[Westfarthing]]''), but [[Buckland]] and later the [[Westmarch]] were added to it. Within the Farthings there are some smaller, unofficial divisions such as family lands: the [[Took Family|Tooks]] nearly all live in or near [[Tuckborough]] in [[Tookland]], for instance. In many cases a Hobbit's last name indicates where their family came from: [[Samwise Gamgee]]'s last name derives from ''[[Gamwich]]'', where the family originated. Outside the Farthings, Buckland itself was named for the [[Oldbucks]] (later [[Brandybuck Family|Brandybucks]]). See further ''[[Regions of the Shire]]''.<br />
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==Inspiration==<br />
{{quote|Though a Tolkien by name, I am a Suffield by tastes, talents, and upbringing, and '''any comer of that county [Worcestershire] (however fair or squalid) is in an indefinable way 'home' to me, as no other part of the world is.'''|[[Letter 44]]}}<br />
On Tolkien's maps, the Shire is located at about the same position as England is on modern European maps and has been cited as an example of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_England#Deep_England Deep England] ideology (of course, England being an island while Shire is inside the continent). Throughout the narrative, Tolkien also implies numerous points of similarity between the two, such as weather, agriculture and dialect. One can also see England as Tolkien's source of inspiration for the Shire in its very name.<br />
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According to [[Paula Marmor]], the hobbit brothers [[Marcho]] and [[Blanco]] names are related to horses, parallel to [[Wikipedia:Hengest|Hengest]] and [[Wikipedia:Horsa|Horsa]], legendary leaders who brought the Saxons to Britain. Hengest was the founder of [[Wikipedia:Kent|Kent]] whose geography is similar to the Shire (North Downs above, hills to the west, water to the east and marshes to the southeast)<ref>''[[An Introduction to Elvish]]'', An etymological excursion among the Shire Folk</ref>.<br />
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The industrialization of the Shire was based on Tolkien's witnessing of the extension of the Industrial Revolution to rural Warwickshire during his youth, and especially the deleterious consequences thereof. The rebellion of the hobbits and the restoration of the pre-industrial Shire may be interpreted as a prescription of voluntary simplicity as a remedy to the problems of modern society.<br />
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==See also==<br />
*[[:Category:Images of the Shire|Images of the Shire]]<br />
*[[Thain|Thains of the Shire]]<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Shire]]<br />
[[Category:Eriador]]<br />
[[Category:Realms]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Auenland]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:regions:eriador:comte]]<br />
[[fi:Kontu]]</div>41.217.193.6https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Tolkien_Studies:_Volume_3&diff=109767Tolkien Studies: Volume 32010-06-19T04:06:47Z<p>41.217.193.6: /* External links */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{book|<br />
title=Tolkien Studies: Volume 3|<br />
image=[[Image:Tolkien Studies - Volume 3.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[Douglas A. Anderson]], [[Michael D.C. Drout]], [[Verlyn Flieger]]|<br />
isbn=1933202106|<br />
publisher=West Virginia University|<br />
date=[[June 1|June 1st]], [[2006]]|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 278|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Tolkien-Studies-Annual-Scholarly-Review/dp/1933202033/sr=8-3/qid=1172607943/ref=pd_bbs_sr_3/105-2987979-0667618?ie=UTF8&s=books|<br />
amazonprice=$60.00<br />
}}<br />
'''Tolkien Studies: Volume 3''' is the third volume in a series of publications edited by Tolkien scholars; [[Douglas A. Anderson]], [[Michael D.C. Drout]], and [[Verlyn Flieger]]. <br />
<br />
==Contents==<br />
* [[Douglas A. Anderson]], [[Michael D.C. Drout]], [[Verlyn Flieger]]: "Editors' Introduction"<br />
* In Memoriam - [[Karen Wynn Fonstad]], [[Daniel Timmons]]<br />
* Conventions and Abbreviations<br />
* [[Ross Smith]]: "Fitting Sense to Sound: Linguistic Aesthetics and Phonosemantics in the Work of J.R.R. Tolkien"<br />
* [[Maria Prozesky]]: "The Text Tale of Frodo the Nine-fingered: Residual Oral Patterning in The Lord of the Rings"<br />
* [[Amy M. Amendt-Raduege]]: "Dream Visions in J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings"<br />
* [[Gergely Nagy]]: "The 'Lost' Subject of Middle-earth: The Constitution of the Subject in the Figure of Gollum in The Lord of the Rings"<br />
* [[Martin Simonson]]: "Three is Company: Novel, Fairy Tale, and Romance on the Journey through the Shire"<br />
* [[Richard W. Fehrenbacher]]: "Beowulf as Fairy-story: Enchanting the Elegiac in The Two Towers"<br />
* [[James Obertino]]: "Barbarians and Imperialism in Tacitus and The Lord of the Rings"<br />
* [[Verlyn Flieger]]: "Karen Wynn Fonstad"<br />
* [[Karen Wynn Fonstad]]: "Writing 'TO' the Map"<br />
* [[Douglas A. Anderson]]: "R. W. Chambers and The Hobbit"<br />
* [[Michael D.C. Drout]]: "A Spliced Old English Quotation in 'Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics'"<br />
* [[James I. McNelis]]: "'The tree took me up from ground and carried me off': A Source for Tolkien's Ents in Ludvig Holberg's Journey of Niels Klim to the World Underground"<br />
* [[David Bratman]]: "The Year's Work in Tolkien Studies 2003"<br />
* [[Michael D.C. Drout]], [[Marcel Bülles]], [[Rebecca Epstein]]: "Bibliography (in English) for 2004"<br />
* Addenda and Corrigenda to Bibliography (in English) for 2003<br />
<br />
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<div>{{expansion}}<br />
[[Image:Tilion.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Tilion'' by [[Angel Falto]]]]<br />
'''Tilion''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈtili.on]}}) was a [[Maiar|Maia]]. He guided the [[Moon]].<br />
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==History==<br />
In the days of the trees in [[Valinor]], Tilion had been a hunter from the company of [[Oromë]]. Though he often rode with Oromë, he spent much of his free time in [[Lórien (Valinor)|Lórien]], under the light of [[Telperion]]. Tilion loved silver (he even used a silver bow), and he begged to be given the care of the [[Moon]]. The [[Valar]] gave him the task. He was said to be less mighty than [[Arien]], the Maia chosen to guide the [[Sun]].<br />
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Tilion was reckless at times, and did not always follow the correct path, causing the Moon to be at times in the sky at the same time as the Sun, or not appear at all.<br />
<br />
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