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{{History of Arda}}
{{History of Arda}}
The '''Years of the Trees''' or [[Days of Bliss|the Days of the Bliss of Valinor]] were the long years that lay between the founding of [[Valinor]] and its [[Darkening of Valinor|Darkening]]. During this time, Valinor was lit by the light of the [[Two Trees]], but [[Middle-earth]] lay in darkness.
The '''Years of the Trees''', also called the '''Days of Bliss (of Valinor)''' were the long years that lay between the founding of [[Valinor]] and its [[Darkening of Valinor|Darkening]]. During this time, Valinor was lit by the light of the [[Two Trees of Valinor|Two Trees]], but [[Middle-earth]] lay in the [[Great Darkness]].<ref>{{TT|Treebeard}}</ref>


Long before the [[Elves]] awoke, Yavanna created the Two Trees of Valinor to give light to realm of the [[Valar]]. So began a reign of peace in Valinor, but Middle-earth was lit by starlight alone, and [[Melkor]] worked in the depths of [[Utumno]] in the north of the World. We are not told how long this time lasted, just that 'the ages drew on'; this period would have lasted roughly 10,500 years. It was during this period that [[Aulë]] made the [[Dwarves]], and at [[Eru]]'s direction, set them to sleep until the coming of the Elves.
For the most of its part, the [[First Age]] was reckoned in the Years of the Trees,<ref name=Annals>{{MR|P2}}</ref>{{rp|51}}<ref name=Nature>{{NM|P1xvii}}</ref>{{rp|123}}<ref>{{HM|Guide}}, entry "First Age", p. 184</ref> which were [[Darkening of Valinor|later]] replaced by much shorter [[Years of the Sun]].<ref name=Atani>{{S|Men}}</ref><ref>{{WJ|One}}, entry "YS 1", §§ 53-7, pp. 30-1</ref><ref>[[J.E.A. Tyler]]. ''[[The Complete Tolkien Companion]]'', entry "First Age", pp. 242-7</ref>


When [[Oromë]] discovered that the Elves had awoken at [[Cuiviénen]], great changes came about. The Valar made war on [[Melkor]] to protect the [[Elves|Elder Children of Ilúvatar]]; Utumno was destroyed and Melkor brought in chains to Valinor. The Valar also summoned the Elves to dwell in their land, and many answered this summons.
==History==
[[File:HelenKei - Trees of Valinor.jpg|thumb|left|''Trees of Valinor'' by [[:Category:Images by HelenKei|HelenKei]]]]
Long before the [[Elves]] awoke, [[Yavanna]] created the Two Trees of Valinor to give light to realm of the [[Valar]]. The Trees first flowered after 3500 Valian Years (i.e. nearly 35,000 ordinary years) had passed.<ref name=Annals/>{{rp|51}} This period began at the [[Opening Hour]], when [[Telperion]] first started to bloom alone; on the second hour, the [[First Day]] begun, and with it, the beginning of the [[Time|Count of Time]].<ref name=BegDays>{{S|1}}</ref>


A period of three ages (about 2,900 years) followed. Melkor was imprisoned in the [[Halls of Mandos]], and the Valar and [[Eldar]] dwelt together in the light of the Trees. In the darkness of Middle-earth, the Dark Elves who had not journeyed to Valinor still dwelt, and the Fathers of the Dwarves stirred. Men would not appear until some time after the end of the Years of the Trees.
So began a reign of peace in Valinor, but Middle-earth was lit by starlight alone, and [[Morgoth|Melkor]] worked in the depths of [[Utumno]] in the north of the World and its dominion expanded to the south, while [[Sauron]] was appointed lieutenant in [[Angband]], anticipating an assault from the West.<ref>{{S|3}}</ref> It is not told how long this time lasted, just that 'the ages drew on'; this period would have lasted roughly 10,500 years. It was during this period that [[Aulë]] made the [[Dwarves]], and at [[Ilúvatar|Eru]]'s direction, set them to sleep until the creation of the [[stars]] and the [[Awakening of the Elves]]. The latter event marked the beginning of the First Age.<ref name=Annals/>{{rp|51}}<ref name=Nature/>{{rp|123}}
[[File:Anke Eißmann - Oromë espies the first Elves.jpg|thumb|''Oromë espies the first Elves'' by [[Anke Eißmann]]]]
When [[Oromë]] discovered that the Elves had awoken at [[Cuiviénen]], great changes came about. The Valar began the [[Battle of the Powers]] against [[Morgoth|Melkor]]; Utumno was destroyed and Melkor brought in chains to Valinor. The Valar also summoned the Elves to dwell in their land, and many answered this summons.  


These Years came to an end when [[Manwë]] released Melkor from his imprisonment. For a time, the [[Dark Lord]] pretended friendship with the Eldar, but he turned back to the darkness. With [[Ungoliant]], he destroyed the Trees, stole the [[Silmarils]] and fled back to the north of Middle-earth. Seeking revenge, [[Fëanor]] led a great part of the [[Noldor]] out of Valinor and back to Beleriand.
From the time the three kindreds of the Elves were gathered began the '''Noontide of the Blessed Realm'''.<ref>{{MR|P3I6}}, §46</ref>  A period of three ages (about 2,900 years) followed. [[Chaining of Melkor|Melkor was imprisoned]] in the [[Halls of Mandos]], and the Valar and [[Eldar]] dwelt together in the light of the Trees. In the darkness of Middle-earth, the Dark Elves who had not journeyed to Valinor still dwelt, and the Fathers of the Dwarves stirred. Men would not appear until some time after the end of the Years of the Trees.
 
These Years came to an end when [[Manwë]] released Melkor from his imprisonment. For a time, the [[Dark Lord]] pretended friendship with the Eldar, but he turned back to the darkness. After shining for 1495 Valian Years,<ref name=Annals/>{{rp|51}} the trees were destroyed by [[Ungoliant]]. During the [[Long Night]], they stole the [[Silmarils]] and fled back to the north of Middle-earth. Seeking revenge, [[Fëanor]] led a great part of the [[Noldor]] out of Valinor and back to Beleriand.
 
So the Years of the Trees came to an end. At this time, the Valar made the [[Sun]] and [[Moon]] to give light to the World, and after 5000 Valian Years had passed,<ref name=Annals/>{{rp|51}} the [[Years of the Sun]] fo the First Age began.<ref name=Atani/>


So the Years of the Trees came to an end. At this time, the Valar made the Sun and Moon to give light to the World, and the Years of the [[Sun]] began, and with them the [[First Age]].
==Reckoning==
==Reckoning==
<poem>
The schedule of the Valian day can be summarized as:<ref name=BegDays/><ref>{{HM|Guide}}, entry "Years of the Trees", p. 549-550</ref>
(i) According to the reckoning by the Trees
{|class="wikitable"
12 hours (a full flowering of both Trees) = 1 day
!Valian hour
1000 days (12,000 hours) = 1 year
!Event
100 years = 1 age of the Valar
|-
|Hour 1
|Day begins, Telperion's blooming is already on its second phase
|-
|Hour 2
|
|-
|Hour 3
|Telperion reaches his greatest bloom
|-
|Hour 4
|
|-
|Hour 5
|
|-
|Hour 6
|Laurelin begins to bloom and the lights of the two trees are mingled; at the end of the hour, Telperion ceases.
|-
|Hour 7
|Laurelin continues to bloom while Telperion's light remains for some time
|-
|Hour 8
|
|-
|Hour 9
|Laurelin reaches her greatest bloom
|-
|Hour 10
|
|-
|Hour 11
|
|-
|Hour 12
|Telperion begins to bloom and the lights of the two trees are mingled; at the end of the hour (and the day), Laurelin ceases.
|}
 
The Tree temporal units can be summarized as:<ref name=Annals/>{{rp|59}}
{|class="wikitable"
!Valian time units
!Description
!Conversion to our time units
|-
|1 Valian hour
|A single segment of the full flowering of both Trees
|7 hours of our time
|-
|1 Valian day
|12 Valian hours or the full flowering of both Trees
|(7 x 12) 84 hours of our time or 3.5 of our days
|-
|1 Valian year
|1000 Valian days or 12,000 Valian hours
|(7 x 12,000) 84,000 hours of our time or 3500 of our days, corresponding (84,000 / 8766) to 9 [[coranar|years]], 212 days, 18 hours
|-
|1 age of the Valar
|100 Valian years ([[randa]])<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, entry RAD</ref>
|958 years, 105 days
|}


''(ii) Relation of the reckoning by the Trees to the reckoning by the Sun''
==Other versions of the legendarium==
1 hour of the Trees = 7 hours of our time
In Tolkien's latest writings where Arda was a [[Round World version of the Silmarillion|round world]] from its beginning, the Two Trees held the light of the untainted Sun rather than that of the [[Two Lamps]], which did not ever truly exist. In this version of Arda's history, rather than an absence of a Sun or Moon, the darkness that covered Arda was instead due to a great shadow designed by Melkor to spread over the northern lands of Middle-earth, blotting out the light of the Moon and stars and causing day to be a dim twilight at full.<ref>{{MR|Myths}}</ref>
1 day of the Trees = (7 x 12) 84 hours of our time
1 year of the Trees = (7 x 12,000) 84,000 hours of our time
There are (365.25 x 24) 8766 hours in a Sun Year, and thus:
1 year of the Trees = (84,000 / 8766) 9 years, 212 days, 18 hours of the Sun


''(iii) Original intention of the Valar for the new reckoning by the Sun and Moon''
==See also==
12 hours of moonlight + 12 hours of sunlight = 24 hours = 1 full day
[[Timeline/Years_of_the_Trees|Timeline of the Years of the Trees]]
700 times of sunlight and moonlight = 350 full days = 1 Sun Year
1 hour = 1/7 of 1 hour of the Trees
Therefore:
1 Sun Year would have (24 x 350) 8400 hours = (8400 / 7) 1200 hours of the Trees = 1/10 of a Valian Year (see (i) above); thus 1 Valian Year would = 10 Sun Years
The matter can be expressed more concisely thus:
1 year of the Trees = (7 x 12,000) 84,000 hours of our time
84,000 / (350 x 24) 8400 = 10
but
84,000 / (365.25 x 24) 8766 = 9.582


''(iv) The dates of the first flowering of the Trees and the first rising of the Moon''
{{references}}
The Trees first flowered after 3500 Valian Years had passed, or 33,530 Sun Years.  The Moon first rose after 5000 Valian Years had passed, or 47,901 Sun Years.  The Trees shone for 1495 Valian Years, or 14,322 Sun Years.
[[Category:Years]]
</poem>
[[Category:Years of the Trees| ]]
::::: -- ''[[The Annals of Aman]]'', Notes
[[Category:Ages]]
[[de:Jahre der Bäume]]
[[de:Jahre der Bäume]]
[[fr:encyclo/chronologie/annees_des_arbres]]
[[fr:encyclo/chronologie/ages/annees_des_arbres]]
[[fi:Puiden vuodet]]
[[fi:Puiden vuodet]]

Latest revision as of 17:05, 25 November 2023

History of Arda
Before the Creation
Before the Ages
Days before days
Years of the Trees (up to Y.T. 1050)
Ages of the Children of Ilúvatar
First Age (begins in Y.T. 1050
and overlaps with the Years of the Trees
up to Y.T. 1500
)
- Years of the Sun begin in F.A. 1
Second Age
- Arda made round in S.A. 3319
Third Age
Fourth Age
Later Ages (up to present day)
End of Arda
Timeline of Arda
(See: Round World version of the Silmarillion
for a later conception of Tolkien's cosmology)

The Years of the Trees, also called the Days of Bliss (of Valinor) were the long years that lay between the founding of Valinor and its Darkening. During this time, Valinor was lit by the light of the Two Trees, but Middle-earth lay in the Great Darkness.[1]

For the most of its part, the First Age was reckoned in the Years of the Trees,[2]:51[3]:123[4] which were later replaced by much shorter Years of the Sun.[5][6][7]

History[edit | edit source]

Trees of Valinor by HelenKei

Long before the Elves awoke, Yavanna created the Two Trees of Valinor to give light to realm of the Valar. The Trees first flowered after 3500 Valian Years (i.e. nearly 35,000 ordinary years) had passed.[2]:51 This period began at the Opening Hour, when Telperion first started to bloom alone; on the second hour, the First Day begun, and with it, the beginning of the Count of Time.[8]

So began a reign of peace in Valinor, but Middle-earth was lit by starlight alone, and Melkor worked in the depths of Utumno in the north of the World and its dominion expanded to the south, while Sauron was appointed lieutenant in Angband, anticipating an assault from the West.[9] It is not told how long this time lasted, just that 'the ages drew on'; this period would have lasted roughly 10,500 years. It was during this period that Aulë made the Dwarves, and at Eru's direction, set them to sleep until the creation of the stars and the Awakening of the Elves. The latter event marked the beginning of the First Age.[2]:51[3]:123

Oromë espies the first Elves by Anke Eißmann

When Oromë discovered that the Elves had awoken at Cuiviénen, great changes came about. The Valar began the Battle of the Powers against Melkor; Utumno was destroyed and Melkor brought in chains to Valinor. The Valar also summoned the Elves to dwell in their land, and many answered this summons.

From the time the three kindreds of the Elves were gathered began the Noontide of the Blessed Realm.[10] A period of three ages (about 2,900 years) followed. Melkor was imprisoned in the Halls of Mandos, and the Valar and Eldar dwelt together in the light of the Trees. In the darkness of Middle-earth, the Dark Elves who had not journeyed to Valinor still dwelt, and the Fathers of the Dwarves stirred. Men would not appear until some time after the end of the Years of the Trees.

These Years came to an end when Manwë released Melkor from his imprisonment. For a time, the Dark Lord pretended friendship with the Eldar, but he turned back to the darkness. After shining for 1495 Valian Years,[2]:51 the trees were destroyed by Ungoliant. During the Long Night, they stole the Silmarils and fled back to the north of Middle-earth. Seeking revenge, Fëanor led a great part of the Noldor out of Valinor and back to Beleriand.

So the Years of the Trees came to an end. At this time, the Valar made the Sun and Moon to give light to the World, and after 5000 Valian Years had passed,[2]:51 the Years of the Sun fo the First Age began.[5]

Reckoning[edit | edit source]

The schedule of the Valian day can be summarized as:[8][11]

Valian hour Event
Hour 1 Day begins, Telperion's blooming is already on its second phase
Hour 2
Hour 3 Telperion reaches his greatest bloom
Hour 4
Hour 5
Hour 6 Laurelin begins to bloom and the lights of the two trees are mingled; at the end of the hour, Telperion ceases.
Hour 7 Laurelin continues to bloom while Telperion's light remains for some time
Hour 8
Hour 9 Laurelin reaches her greatest bloom
Hour 10
Hour 11
Hour 12 Telperion begins to bloom and the lights of the two trees are mingled; at the end of the hour (and the day), Laurelin ceases.

The Tree temporal units can be summarized as:[2]:59

Valian time units Description Conversion to our time units
1 Valian hour A single segment of the full flowering of both Trees 7 hours of our time
1 Valian day 12 Valian hours or the full flowering of both Trees (7 x 12) 84 hours of our time or 3.5 of our days
1 Valian year 1000 Valian days or 12,000 Valian hours (7 x 12,000) 84,000 hours of our time or 3500 of our days, corresponding (84,000 / 8766) to 9 years, 212 days, 18 hours
1 age of the Valar 100 Valian years (randa)[12] 958 years, 105 days

Other versions of the legendarium[edit | edit source]

In Tolkien's latest writings where Arda was a round world from its beginning, the Two Trees held the light of the untainted Sun rather than that of the Two Lamps, which did not ever truly exist. In this version of Arda's history, rather than an absence of a Sun or Moon, the darkness that covered Arda was instead due to a great shadow designed by Melkor to spread over the northern lands of Middle-earth, blotting out the light of the Moon and stars and causing day to be a dim twilight at full.[13]

See also[edit | edit source]

Timeline of the Years of the Trees

References