Yogh: Difference between revisions
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==Ȝ in Elvish== | ==Ȝ in Elvish== | ||
===Primitive Quendian=== | ===Primitive Quendian=== | ||
Tolkien used ''Ȝ'' in ''[[The Etymologies]]'' to describe the sound ''gh''. The ''Ȝ'' is seen most often in [[Primitive Quendian]] [[ | Tolkien used ''Ȝ'' in ''[[The Etymologies]]'' to describe the sound ''gh''. The ''Ȝ'' is seen most often in [[Primitive Quendian]] [[Sundocarmë|Root]]s such as MAȜ, KUȜ, TEȜ. This sound however was assimilated to other sounds. | ||
Before unvoiced consonants it would evolve into ''ch'': '' | Before unvoiced consonants it would evolve into ''ch'': ''maȝtâ'' (MAȜ) evolved to [[Common Eldarin]] ''machtâ''. | ||
Final, after ''u'', it would evolve into ''w'': ''kuȝ'' ( | Final, after ''u'', it would evolve into ''w'': ''kuȝ'' (KUȜ) > ''kuw'' | ||
===Later Ȝ=== | ===Later Ȝ=== | ||
The sound ''gh'' would return once more in [[Elvish]]. Like in the case of English, Primitive Quendian ''g'' was simplified to ''gh'' in [[Quenya]] (and [[Sindarin]], in most cases). For example the word '' | The sound ''gh'' would return once more in [[Elvish]]. Like in the case of English, Primitive Quendian ''g'' was simplified to ''gh'' in [[Quenya]] (and [[Sindarin]], in most cases). For example the word ''galadâ'' "tree" evolved into *''ghaldâ/ȝaldâ'' in the Quenyan branch. | ||
Once more, the ''gh'' sound could be heard in Elvish, and it survived long enough to be written in [[Sarati]] before disappearing again. The word ''[[alda]]'' was still spelt ''ȝalda'' with the letter <em style="font: normal 1.7em/1.5em 'Tirion Sarati'">'</em> representing ''gh''. It was known by tradition among the [[loremasters]]<ref>[[Vinyar Tengwar 39]] p. 7</ref> | Once more, the ''gh'' sound could be heard in Elvish, and it survived long enough to be written in [[Sarati]] before disappearing again. The word ''[[alda]]'' was still spelt ''ȝalda'' with the letter <em style="font: normal 1.7em/1.5em 'Tirion Sarati'">'</em> representing ''gh''. It was known by tradition among the [[loremasters]]<ref>[[Vinyar Tengwar 39]] p. 7</ref> | ||
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When ''gh'' was lost once more, the Sarat <em style="font: normal 1.7em/1.5em 'Tirion Sarati'">'</em> was eventually used for a carrier. It was inherited as a carrier in the [[Tengwar]] and later was replaced by the letter [[Anna]], to indicate an assuming “vanished” ''gh'' wherever words begun with a vowel. | When ''gh'' was lost once more, the Sarat <em style="font: normal 1.7em/1.5em 'Tirion Sarati'">'</em> was eventually used for a carrier. It was inherited as a carrier in the [[Tengwar]] and later was replaced by the letter [[Anna]], to indicate an assuming “vanished” ''gh'' wherever words begun with a vowel. | ||
This usage tried to explain the relation of words between Noldorin words starting with a vowel where Telerin had ''g-'' (cf. Quenya ''[[alda]]'' vs. [[Telerin]] '' | This usage tried to explain the relation of words between Noldorin words starting with a vowel where Telerin had ''g-'' (cf. Quenya ''[[alda]]'' vs. [[Telerin]] ''galla''), but did not explain all the cases of words without an initial consonant (''alca'', according to this, should be spelled *{{tg|hDjaE}} that time, although it had never been ''**galka'' before). | ||
==Other languages== | ==Other languages== | ||
Note that in other languages, like [[Orkish]], Tolkien wrote this sound as ''gh''. | Note that in other languages, like [[Orkish]], Tolkien wrote this sound as ''gh''. | ||
In [[Tengwar]], ''ȝ/gh'' is written with the letter [[Anca]] or | In [[Tengwar]], ''ȝ/gh'' is written with the letter [[Anca]] or Unquë. | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* {{WP|Yogh}} | * {{WP|Yogh}} | ||
*''[http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/qevolution.pdf The Evolution of Quenya]'' by [[Helge Fauskanger]] and | *''[http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/qevolution.pdf The Evolution of Quenya]'' by [[Helge Fauskanger]] and Vincente Velasco | ||
{{references}} | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Linguistic terms]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:02, 5 April 2021
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Yogh (Ȝ ȝ) is a letter of Middle English literature. Note that sometimes it is written with a three (3) when the font is not available.
The Middle English sound Ȝ was derived from Old English g. It was a sound that doesn't exist any more in English language since it is now assimilated with y or isn't pronounced at all.
Ȝ in Elvish[edit | edit source]
Primitive Quendian[edit | edit source]
Tolkien used Ȝ in The Etymologies to describe the sound gh. The Ȝ is seen most often in Primitive Quendian Roots such as MAȜ, KUȜ, TEȜ. This sound however was assimilated to other sounds.
Before unvoiced consonants it would evolve into ch: maȝtâ (MAȜ) evolved to Common Eldarin machtâ.
Final, after u, it would evolve into w: kuȝ (KUȜ) > kuw
Later Ȝ[edit | edit source]
The sound gh would return once more in Elvish. Like in the case of English, Primitive Quendian g was simplified to gh in Quenya (and Sindarin, in most cases). For example the word galadâ "tree" evolved into *ghaldâ/ȝaldâ in the Quenyan branch.
Once more, the gh sound could be heard in Elvish, and it survived long enough to be written in Sarati before disappearing again. The word alda was still spelt ȝalda with the letter ' representing gh. It was known by tradition among the loremasters[1]
When gh was lost once more, the Sarat ' was eventually used for a carrier. It was inherited as a carrier in the Tengwar and later was replaced by the letter Anna, to indicate an assuming “vanished” gh wherever words begun with a vowel.
This usage tried to explain the relation of words between Noldorin words starting with a vowel where Telerin had g- (cf. Quenya alda vs. Telerin galla), but did not explain all the cases of words without an initial consonant (alca, according to this, should be spelled *hDjaE that time, although it had never been **galka before).
Other languages[edit | edit source]
Note that in other languages, like Orkish, Tolkien wrote this sound as gh.
In Tengwar, ȝ/gh is written with the letter Anca or Unquë.
External links[edit | edit source]
- Yogh at Wikipedia
- The Evolution of Quenya by Helge Fauskanger and Vincente Velasco
References
- ↑ Vinyar Tengwar 39 p. 7
