Tolkien Gateway - User contributions [en]

Black serpent

2023-04-04T22:43:12Z

172.70.175.143: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

{{Unnamed}}
[[Image:LorenzoCB - Black serpent device.png|200px|thumb|right|''Black serpent device'' by [[User:LorenzoCB]].]]

{{quote|Southward beyond the road lay the main force of the Haradrim, and there their horsemen were gathered about the standard of their chieftain. [...] Then he was filled with a red wrath and shouted aloud, and displaying his standard, black serpent upon scarlet, he came against the white horse and the green with great press of men; and the drawing of the scimitars of the Southrons was like a glitter of stars.|''[[The Return of the King]]'', "[[The Battle of the Pelennor Fields]]"}}

The '''black serpent''' was an emblem of a "''black serpent upon scarlet''" that was depicted on the standard of a chieftain of the [[Haradrim]] during the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]].<ref name="Battle">{{RK|V6}}, pp. 839-40, 842</ref>

==History==
During the battle, the horsemen of the main force of the Haradrim gathered around the black serpent standard as their chieftain spotted the banner of King [[Théoden]] of [[Rohan]], noticing few riders around it. The chieftain displayed the black serpent and led his men against the [[Rohirrim]]. However, Théoden gathered his men and charged as well, throwing down the chieftain with his spear before spurring to the standard. With his sword, Théoden hewed down the staff and the bearer of the standard, causing the black serpent to founder as the Haradrim fled.<ref name="Battle"/>

After being mortally wounded, Théoden claimed to Merry before his death on the field that he was satisfied, for he had felled the black serpent.<ref name="Battle"/>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In an early manuscript entitled with the name ''Fall of Théoden in the Battle of Osgiliath'', the black serpent is never described, being referred to only as "''the standard of the [[Haradrim|Haradoth]]''", later changed to [[Haradrim|Haradhoth]]. Théoden also never hewed the standard nor did he fight any chieftain.<ref>{{WR|3|IX}}, p. 365</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
[[Image:SBG - Suludan.gif|200px|thumb|right|Suladân from [[The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game]]]]
'''[[1981]]''': '''[[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''
:[[Éowyn|Dernhelm]] warns [[Théoden]] of the coming of the chieftain. He kills the chieftain, but is killed by the [[Witch-king]] almost immediately after.

'''[[2001]]-[[2010]]''': '''''[[Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game]]'':'''
:'''Suladân''' is the name of the chieftain for the ''[[Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game]]'' based on [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]. He is one of the [[Mûmak]]-riders.<ref>{{GW|Harad}}</ref>

'''[[2022]]''': '''''[[The Lord of the Rings: Rise to War]]'':'''
:The '''Black Serpent''' is the name of one of the evil faction commanders in the ''Lord of the Rings: Rise to War'' strategy game based on [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|'' The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]. He is specifically skilled in battling other evil faction commanders due to his High Alert ability. He is based on the [[Mûmakil]] rider and chieftain of the Haradrim forces in the Battle of Pelenor Fields in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]. The Black Serpent counters Theoden's charge at the battle by sounding the bone-chilling and signature Haradrim war horn while mounted from the most painted Mûmakil.

{{references}}

[[Category:Devices and symbols]]
[[Category:Haradrim]]

Talk:Noldor

2022-10-04T20:24:44Z

172.70.175.143: /* Family Tree */

Didn't it say in the Silmarillion that Finarfin did claim High Kingship of the Noldor in Aman when he left Fëanor?
[[User:Narfil Palùrfalas|Narfil Palùrfalas]]

==Family Tree==
Why is the family tree under the House of Finwë different from most others on other pages? Is there a way to fix it? --[[User:DoctorWellington|DoctorWellington]] 22:41, 27 November 2017 (UTC)
:To which particular difference do you refer and how would you wish to change it? —[[User:NotACat|NotACat]] 08:37, 28 November 2017 (UTC)
[[Noldor#The House of Finwë|It]] simply seems a little less developed in formatting in comparison to perhaps [[Galadriel#Genealogy|this]] or [[House of Bëor#Genealogy|this]]. --[[User:DoctorWellington|DoctorWellington]] 19:49, 28 November 2017 (UTC)

There appear to be no trees at all now, so the paragraph "The family tree given above..." no longer works. [[Special:Contributions/172.70.175.143|172.70.175.143]] 20:24, 4 October 2022 (UTC)

==Names==
I'd suggest adding the orcish name "Golug" to the list of names. {{unsignedanon|79.184.252.131}}

Eldar

2022-10-04T20:14:51Z

172.70.175.143: /* In popular usage */ Warhammer changed the name to one they could trademark

{{people infobox
| name=Eldar
| image=[[File:Lída Holubová - Cuivienen.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Cuivienen" by [[Lída Holubová]]
| pronun=
| othernames=West-elves
| origin=Elves who undertook the [[Great Journey]]
| location=[[Valinor]], [[Eldamar]], [[Tol Eressëa]], [[Beleriand]], [[Eriador]], [[Rhovanion]]
| affiliation=
| rivalry=
| language=[[Quenya]], [[Telerin]], [[Sindarin]], [[Nandorin]]
| members=[[Ingwë]], [[Finwë]], [[Thingol|Elwë]], [[Olwë]], [[Lenwë]], etc.
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=
| height=over 6'6 (1.98 m) - for men, over 6 feet (1.83 m) - for women<ref>{{NM|P2vi}}, "Heights", p. 195</ref>
| hair=dark brown, golden, silver
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
'''Eldar''' (singular '''Elda''') was the name given to the [[Elves]] by the [[Valar|Vala]] [[Oromë]] when he first found them wandering in the starlight of [[Cuiviénen]]. At first, the name was applied to all Elves, but after the summons of the [[Valar]], it came to be used only for the '''West-elves'''<ref>{{App|Elves}}</ref> who followed the summons and began the [[Great Journey]].

The [[Three Kindreds]] of the Eldar were the [[Vanyar]], the [[Noldor]] and the [[Teleri]]. All of the Vanyar and Noldor went to [[Aman]], though many of the Noldor later returned to [[Middle-earth]] with [[Fëanor]].

Many of the Teleri also journeyed to Valinor, but twice a host of this people turned away from the Journey in Middle-earth; these two kindreds are called [[Úmanyar]], the Eldar not of Aman. The first of these were the [[Nandor]], who turned aside east of the [[Misty Mountains]], and travelled down the River Anduin. The second, the [[Sindar]], tarried in [[Beleriand]] seeking their lord, [[Elwë Singollo]].

==Etymology==
{{Pronounce|Eldar.mp3|Ardamir}}
:''See [[Elda#Etymology]]''

==Inspiration==
[[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] notes the accidental similarity between the word "Eldar" and "Elder"(as in "Elder Folk" or "[[Elder Days]]") and that it is unrelated to English and therefore should not be any attempt to imitate it.<ref name="Nomen">{{HM|N}}, pp. 755-6 & 780</ref>

==In popular usage==
The name "Eldar" has been used for Elven-like races in later fiction. [http://warhammer40k.wikia.com/wiki/Aeldari Eldar] is a humanoid being, descendant of an ancient interstellar Empire in the [[Wikipedia:Warhammer 40K|Warhammer 40K]] universe. [http://midkemia.wikia.com/wiki/Eldar Eldar] is also a race of Elves in the [http://midkemia.wikia.com/wiki/Midkemia Midkemia] cycle by [[Raymond E. Feist]].

{{references}}
{{elves}}
[[Category:Elven peoples]]
[[Category:Quenya demonyms]]
[[de:Eldar]]
[[fi:Eldar]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/eldar]]

5 July

2022-07-09T13:01:22Z

172.70.175.143: /* On Earth */

<noinclude>{{month|July}}
Events that occurred on {{PAGENAME}}
==On Earth==
</noinclude>
* '''[[1935]]''' - [[Hilary Tolkien]] marries Magdalen Matthews.
* '''[[1947]]''' - [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] writes [[Letter 108]].
* '''[[1981]]''' - The eighteenth episode of the [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|1981 radio series]] of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' is aired on [[BBC|BBC Radio 4]].
* '''[[2001]]''' - [[Tolkien Thing|Tolkien Thing III]] in [[wikipedia:Cologne|Cologne]].
* '''[[2011]]''' - A revised printing of [[Parma Eldalamberon 12|''Parma Eldalamberon'' 12]] is released.

==In Arda==
* {{TA|3018}}:
** {{Cal Travel-Boromir}}<noinclude>[[Category:Dates|187]][[fi:5. heinäkuuta]]</noinclude>

Dúnedain

2022-06-14T12:40:37Z

172.70.175.143:

{{people infobox
| name=Dúnedain
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=[[Sindarin|S]], {{IPA|[ˈduːnedaɪn]}}
| othernames=Great People of the West, Men of the Ancient Houses, Men of the West, Men of Westernesse
| origin=Descendants of the [[Númenoreans]] in [[Middle-earth]]
| location=[[Eriador]], [[Arnor]], [[Gondor]]
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]], [[Host of the West (Arnor)|Host of the West]], [[Grey Company]]
| rivalry=[[Sauron]]
| language=[[Westron]], [[Sindarin]], [[Quenya]]
| members=[[Argeleb I]], [[Aragorn II]], [[Denethor]], [[Boromir]], [[Faramir]], [[Imrahil]], [[Morwen Steelsheen]]
| lifespan=''[[#Waning of the Dúnedain|See below]]''
| distinctions=Superior to the other Men of [[Middle-earth]] in nobility of spirit and body
| height=About 6'4"<ref name=height>{{UT|Linear}}</ref>
| hair=Dark
| skin=Pale
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
{{quote|Where now are the Dúnedain, Elessar, Elessar?<br />Why do thy kinsfolk wander afar?|[[Galadriel's messages]]}}

The '''Dúnedain''' ([[Sindarin|S]]: "West-men"), singular '''Dúnadan''', were the [[Men of Númenor]] and their descendants who peopled the [[Westlands]] of [[Middle-earth]] in the [[Second Age|Second]] and [[Third Age]]s.<ref group=note>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]] uses the terms ''Númenoreans'' and ''Dúnedain'' interchangeably; for clarity, [[Tolkien Gateway]] interprets the term '''Númenor'''eans literally, as those Dúnedain who were actually living ''on'' Númenor during the Second Age, whereas this article treats the race of Dúnedain in general (in Middle-earth and the Third Age).</ref>

Although they were from the beginning far fewer in number than the [[Middle Men|lesser men]], the Dúnedain were lords of long life, great power, and wisdom; far superior to the [[Middle Men|Men of Middle-earth]] among whom they dwelt and whom they ruled.<ref name=languages/>

==History==
===Early History===
The Dúnedain descend from the [[Edain]] of the [[First Age]], having granted and settled the island of [[Númenor]] in the [[Second Age]]. Many [[Men of Númenor]] settled in [[Middle-earth]], such as in [[Belfalas]], [[Umbar]] and [[Pelargir]]. The ancestors of the [[Princes of Dol Amroth]], were the most prominent of these.<ref name="Cirion">{{UT|Cirion}}</ref>

After the [[Downfall of Númenor]], [[Elendil]] and his sons led the [[Exiles of Númenor|Exiles]] to Middle-earth. Many who were in whole or part of [[Númenorean]] blood welcomed them and proceeded to found the [[Realms in Exile]], [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]].<ref name=rings>{{s|Rings}}</ref><ref name=languages>{{App|Men}}</ref>

Originally ruled by their [[High King (Dúnedain)|High King]], they were divided as the [[Dúnedain of Arnor]] and the [[Dúnedain of Gondor]], following the death of [[Isildur]], son of [[Elendil]], in {{TA|2}}.<ref name=rings/><ref name="AppB">{{App|B2}}</ref>

===Division===
====In Arnor====
:See also: ''[[Dúnedain of Arnor]]''.
[[Valandil (King of Arnor)|Valandil]], [[Isildur]]'s youngest son, took up his rule in [[Annúminas]], but his people were diminished, and there were too few [[Númenoreans]] and native [[Men of Eriador]] to people the land or maintain the places [[Elendil]] built; many had died in the [[War of the Last Alliance]] and the [[Disaster of the Gladden Fields]].<ref name=rings/>

After the reign of [[Eärendur]], the seventh king that followed [[Valandil]], the [[Dúnedain of the North]] became divided into petty realms and lordships, and the witch-realm of [[Angmar]] destroyed them one by one.<ref name=rings/><ref name=eriador>{{App|Eriador}}</ref>

The remnants of the [[Northern Dúnedain]] were also heavily affected by the [[Great Plague]]; the joint garrison (of the North and South Kingdoms) at [[Tharbad]] ceased to exist,<ref>{{UT|6d}}</ref> and the last of the Dúnedain of [[Cardolan]] died on the [[Barrow-downs]].<ref name=eriador/>

After the [[Angmar War]], the [[Dúnedain of the North]] were reduced to [[Ranger of the North|Rangers]] wandering secretly in the wild, and their heritage was forgotten, save in [[Imladris]], where the [[Heir of Isildur|Heirs of Isildur]] were harboured and their line, from father to son, remained unbroken.<ref name=rings/><ref name=eriador/>

====In Gondor====
:See also: ''[[Dúnedain of Gondor]]''.
In the south, the realm of [[Gondor]] endured and the splendour and might of the [[Dúnedain of the South]] grew, until it resembled the wealth and majesty of [[Númenor]] during the reign of [[Hyarmendacil I]].<ref name=rings/><ref name=gondor>{{App|Gondor}}</ref><ref name="AppB"/>

However, in the later [[Third Age]], the [[Dúnedain of Gondor]] waned for their blood became much mingled with that of other men, especially the [[Northmen of Rhovanion]]. King [[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]], who himself had [[Northmen|Northmannish]] blood, showed favour to the [[Northmen]] who supported him. This led to the [[Kin-strife]], when many of the [[Dúnedain of Gondor]] were slain. After his return from exile, many noble houses, including the royal [[House of Anárion]], became more mingled with the blood of "lesser" Men.<ref name=gondor/>

After the reign of King [[Eärnur]], royal descendants among the [[Dúnedain of Gondor]] had become few and no claimant for the throne could be found of pure [[Númenórean]] blood, or whose claim all would accept, and people were afraid of a new [[Kin-strife]] that would devastate the kingdom. Thus, by default, [[Mardil]] began the line of [[Ruling Stewards of Gondor]].<ref name=rings/><ref name=gondor/>

After the [[Stewards]] picked up the southern rule, the remnant of the [[Dúnedain of Gondor]] still defended the passage of the [[Anduin]] against the terrors of [[Minas Morgul]] and against all the enemies of the West.<ref name=rings/>

By the time of the [[War of the Ring]], the [[Dúnedain of Gondor]] lived in [[Minas Tirith]] and the adjacent townlands, as well as the tributary fiefs and royal lands of [[Anórien]], [[Ithilien]], and [[Belfalas]].<ref name=languages/><ref name="Language">{{PM|Languages}}</ref>

===Reunification===
Upon the reunification of the [[Kingdoms of the Dúnedain]] after the [[War of the Ring]], the Dúnedain were [[Reunited Kingdom|reunited]] under [[Aragorn II Elessar]], [[Isildur's Heir]], and their the might and dignity was lifted up and their glory renewed.<ref name=rings/>

==Characteristics==
===Appearance===
They were tall, pale-skinned, with dark hair, shining grey eyes, and proud faces.<ref name="Herbs">{{TT|Herbs}}</ref><ref name="Minas Tirith">{{RK|V1}}</ref><ref name="Sign">{{FR|Sign}}</ref> Although the stature of those with [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] descent decreased from what it once was (more than 2 [[ranga]]), the Dúnedain were still about 2 [[ranga]] or 6'4" on average.<ref name=height>{{UT|Linear}}</ref>

===Waning of the Dúnedain===
The [[Third Age]] marked the beginning of the waning of the Dúnedain, in which their gifts of wisdom, nobility, and long life were slowly withdrawn due to the [[Downfall of Númenor]] and their mingling with [[Middle Men|lesser men]].<ref name=gondor/>

In the beginning of their history, the Dúnedain were blessed with a lifespan thrice the life of [[Middle Men|lesser men]], yet this ever-diminished over the course of the [[Third Age]].<ref name=eriador/><ref name=languages/>

In [[Arnor]], the strife and dissensions between the kingdoms of [[Arthedain]], [[Cardolan]], and [[Rhudaur]] hastened the waning of the Dúnedain.<ref name=eriador/> "More swift was the waning in the [[Arnor|North-kingdom]], for [[Eriador]] became colder and there, the Dúnedain became ever less".<ref>{{PM|Third}}, p. 227</ref> The Dúnedain of Arnor, unlike their [[Gondorians|kin to the South]], were of unmingled [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] blood.<ref name=blood>{{VT|42a}}, pp. 11-3</ref> Although, their lifespans ever continued to shorten, the [[Dúnedain of Arnor]], especially their [[Chieftain of the Dúnedain|Chieftains]], maintained significant longevity living to twice the age of [[Middle Men|lesser men]].<ref name=eriador/><ref>{{PM|Second}}</ref> The [[Heir of Isildur|Heirs of Isildur]] even lived up to 160 years or more.<ref name=Tale>{{PM|Aii}}, p. 263</ref>

After [[Gondor]]'s numbers were replenished by lesser [[Northmen]] after the [[Kin-Strife]], the mingling did not at first hasten the waning of the Dúnedain, as had been feared, but it still proceeded little by little as it had before.<ref name=gondor/> However, after the fall of the [[Kings of Gondor|Kings]], the waning was much swifter in [[Gondor]] than in [[Arnor]].<ref name=eriador/> In fact, [[Hador (Steward of Gondor)|Hador]] the seventh [[Ruling Steward]] of [[Gondor]] was the last [[Gondorian]] to live 150 years and after his time the life-span of those with [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] blood waned more rapidly.<ref name="Elendil">{{PM|Elendil}}</ref> By the time of the [[War of the Ring]], few among the [[Gondorians]] passed 100 years with vigour, except in the more pure and noble houses.<ref>{{RK|Houses}}</ref>

Upon the reunification of the [[Kingdoms of the Dúnedain]], the might and dignity of the Dúnedain was lifted up and their glory was renewed.<ref name=rings/> Greatest among them was their [[High King (Dúnedain)|High King]] [[Aragorn II Elessar]] who lived up to 210 years (the longest since King [[Arvegil]]),<ref name=eriador/> and he received in some measure their former gifts. He wedded [[Arwen Undomiel]], daughter of [[Elrond]], brother of [[Elros]] first [[King of Númenor|King of Númenór]], and so restored the majesty and high lineage of the royal [[House of Telcontar]], but their life-span was not restored and continued to wane until it became as that of other men.<ref name="Elendil"/>

==Language==
After the [[Downfall of Númenor|Downfall]], [[Sindarin]] was the regular spoken tongue of the [[Exiles of Númenor]].<ref>{{UT|7}}, note 16</ref> When they arrived on the coasts of [[Middle-earth]], few among the colonists on the coasts remembered [[Sindarin]] since the neglected [[Adûnaic]] was used as a ''lingua franca'' among the [[Men]] of [[Middle-earth]], which developed into the [[Westron]] tongue.<ref name=Atani>{{PM|Atani}}</ref><ref name=languages/> They used therefore the [[Common Speech]] intheir dealing with other folk and in the government of their wide realms; but they enlarged the language and enriched it with many words drawn from the Elven-tongues. In the days of the Númenorean kings, [[Westron]] became used more and more by the Dúnedain themselves.<ref name=languages/>

Among the Dúnedain, "the kings and high lords, and indeed all those of [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] blood in any degree," for long used [[Númenórean Sindarin|Sindarin]].<ref>{{PM|Languages}}, p. 34</ref> Many of the [[Men of Gondor]] could also speak the [[Elvish]] tongues, a notable distinction and characteristic among the Dúnedain there.<ref name=languages/> [[Sindarin]] had long ceased to be a "first language" in [[Gondor]], but was learned in early youth (by the Dúnedain) from loremasters, and used by them as a mark of rank and high-blood. For example, the [[Stewards of Gondor]] belonged to a [[House of Húrin|noble family of Dúnedain]] of the ancient [[Faithful]] who used (beside the [[Common Speech]]) the [[Númenórean Sindarin]] tongue after the fashion of [[Gondor]]. It had changed very little since the [[Downfall of Númenor]] and though the [[Men of Gondor]] altered some of the sounds, they could still understand the [[Elves]] and be understood by them.<ref name="Elendil"/> [[Westron]] became used more and more by the [[Dúnedain of Gondor]] themselves, so that at the time of the [[War of the Ring]], [[Sindarin]] was known to only a small part of the peoples of [[Gondor]] (and spoken daily by fewer); they dwelt mostly in [[Minas Tirith]] and the adjacent townlands, and in the land of the tributary princes of [[Dol Amroth]].<ref name=languages/>

[[Quenya]] was used by the Dúnedain, a tradition which has continued from the loremasters of [[Númenor]], to be used for places of fame and reverence in addition to the names of royalty and men of great renown.<ref name="quenya">{{L|347}}</ref><ref name=languages/> All the royal names of the [[Kings of Gondor]] as well as all the [[Stewards]] until [[Mardil Voronwë]] were [[Quenya]] names.<ref name=languages/><ref>{{App|South}}</ref> All the royal names of the [[Kings of Arnor]] were [[Quenya]] names. The [[Kings of Arthedain]] and later the [[Chieftain of the Dúnedain|Chieftains of the Dúnedain]], however, took [[Sindarin]] names.<ref name=North>{{App|North}}</ref> At the end of the [[Third Age]], there were more Men (being of Dúnedain descent) that knew [[Quenya]] or spoke [[Sindarin]] than there were [[Elves]] (those of [[Lindon]], [[Rivendell]], and [[Lórien]]) who did either.<ref name="quenya"/>

==Etymology==
{{Pronounce|Dunedain.mp3|Ardamir}}
{{quote|I thought you knew enough [[Elvish]] at least to know ''[[dûn|dún]]-[[adan]]'': Man of the West, Númenórean.|[[Bilbo Baggins]] in ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[Many Meetings]]"}}

They are also called the ''Men of the West'' and the ''Men of Westernesse'' (direct translations of the [[Sindarin]] term) and comes from ''[[dûn]]'' and ''[[adan]]''.

The [[Quenya]] name was '''Núnatan''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˈnuːnatan]}}), pl. '''Núnatani''' (pron. {{IPA|[nuːˈnatani]}}).

The [[Westron]] name for ''Dúnadan'' was simply '''[[Adûn]]''', "westerner", but this name was seldom used.

''[[The Silmarillion]]'' is explicit in noting that "Númenoreans" and "Dúnedain" are synonymous terms. Nevertheless, it seems more usual to call those born in [[Númenor]] "'''Númenoreans'''" and their descendants living in [[Middle-earth]] post-[[Akallabêth]] "'''Dúnedain'''".

==See also==
*[[Black Númenóreans]]

== External links ==
* [http://www.zarkanya.net/Tolkien/Decline%20of%20the%20Numenoreans_original.htm Decline of the Lifespan of the Númenóreans] and [http://www.zarkanya.net/Tolkien/Stewards_and_Dol_Amroth.htm The Lifespans of the Ruling Stewards of Gondor and the Lords of Dol Amroth], by Alcuin

{{references|n}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dunedain}}
[[Category:Dúnedain| ]]
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]
[[Category:Sindarin demonyms]]
[[de:Dúnedain]]
[[fr:encyclo:peuples:hommes:dunedain]]
[[fi:Dúnedain]]