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Carn Dûm

2010-05-30T01:09:46Z

79.154.116.96:

{{sources}}

{{location
| image= [[Image:Stephen Walsh - Carn Dum.JPG|300px]]
| name= Carn Dûm
| type= Fortress
| location= Located at the western end of the [[Mountains of Angmar]], south of [[Forodwaith (lands)|Forodwaith]], northwest of [[Mount Gundabad]]
| inhabitants= [[Orcs]], [[Men of Darkness]], Wolves, Trolls, and other evil creatures.
| realms= [[Angmar]]
| description= various versions, see below
| othernames=
| etymology= name derivered from its location and number of inhabitans.
| events= Assaults towards [[Arnor]], Under siege in the [[Battle of Fornost]].
| references=
|}}

{{Pronounce|Carn Dum.mp3|Ardamir}}
'''Carn Dûm''' was the capital of [[Angmar]].

==History==
Established on the very western end of the [[Mountains of Angmar]], it was inhabited by the [[Witch-king of Angmar]] and his many servants: [[Men of Darkness]], [[Orcs]], and other fell creatures. From here he based his attacks on the three petty realms of [[Arnor]], quickly managing to destroy [[Rhudaur]] and weaken [[Cardolan]].

[[Arthedain]] fell in the [[Battle of Fornost]] in [[Third Age 1974]], but the Witch-king was routed by [[Glorfindel of Rivendell|Glorfindel]] and in [[Third Age 1975|1975]] Angmar itself fell under an assault, and Carn Dûm was sieged by the [[Dúnedain]] of [[Gondor]], the survivors of [[Arnor]], and [[Elves]] of [[Lindon]]. Carn Dûm was utterly destroyed, although some Orcs survived there until at least the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] and possibly after as well, until they were wiped out by [[Elessar]], [[High King of the Dúnedain|High King]] of the [[Reunited Kingdom]].{{fact}}
==Etymology==
The etymology of ''Carn Dûm'' is uncertain. Concerning the real world languages, it could be [[wikipedia:Gaelic|Gaelic]], in which it roughly translates as "mountain fortress";<ref>[http://www.glyphweb.com/arda/c/carndum.html Carn Dûm] at the [[Encyclopedia of Arda]]</ref> although Tolkien uses Celtic elements for some translated [[Mannish]] names, this would have been the only instance where he uses Gaelic. It is unknown whether this is just coincidence or not.

Though [[Sindarin]] in form and sound, neither words ''carn'' and ''dûm'' have been attested in Sindarin. ''Carn'' could be a form of ''[[caran]]'', "red" possibly also seen in ''[[carcharoth|'''Car'''charoth]]'', "red maw".

''[[Dûm]]'' is a [[Khuzdul]] word meaning "halls, mansions". The name could be [[Khuzdul]] (like [[Gundabad]] nearby) but [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] used ''K'' for this language instead of ''C''.<ref>{{HM|AE}}, "Pronounciation of Words and Names"</ref>

Other than that, it could be some unrecorded [[Avarin]] or [[Mannish]] language.

In ''[[The Return of the Shadow]]'', "Carndoom" appears as an early name of [[Dimrill Dale]] which, according to Tolkien, means "Red Valley". This corresponds with Sindarin ''carn'' "red" and ''tûm'' "valley".<ref>{{HM|RS}}, "The Ring Goes South", p. 433, note 13</ref>

==See also==
* [[:Category:Images of Carn Dûm|Images of Carn Dûm]]

== Portrayal in Adaptations ==
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II: The Rise of the Witch King]]'':'''
:Carn Dum is the capital of [[Angmar]]. The campaign begins with its construction, and it is besieged once by [[Glorfindel]]. Carn dum is also playabe in the skirmish section of the game.

'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Carn Dum is a region in the game. It is ruled by Angmar's shadow that has returned to this city in the form of the False King, [[Mordirith]], Steward of Angmar.

{{references}}
[[Category:Eriador]]
[[Category:Cities]]
[[Category:Fortresses]]
[[Category:Orc-Dwellings]]
[[Category:Fortresses of Evil]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]
[[de:Carn Dûm]]
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:villes_tours_et_forteresses:eriador:carn_dum]]
[[fi:Carn Dûm]]

Faithful

2010-05-29T23:14:32Z

79.154.116.96: /* Treatment by the Later Kings of Númenor */

{{organization
| image=[[Image:Ted Nasmith - The Ships of the Faithful.jpg|300px]]
| name=The Faithful
| othernames=[[Elendili]], [[Nimruzîrim]], [[Elf-friends]]
| founder=
| founded=c. [[Second Age 2221|S.A. 2221]]
| race=[[Númenóreans]]
| members=[[Amandil of Andúnië|Amandil]], [[Tar-Palantir]], [[Elendil]]
| location=[[Númenor]]
| achievements=Survived the [[Downfall of Númenor]]
| disbanded=
| destroyed=
|}}
The '''Faithful''' were those among the [[Númenóreans]] who turned aside from the policies of the later [[Kings of Númenor]] and remained loyal to the will of the [[Valar]]. They also had the titles '''[[Elendili]]''' in [[Quenya]] and '''[[Nimruzîrim]]''' in [[Adûnaic]], both terms meaning "[[Elf-friends]]". The opposing party was called the [[King's Men]]; it was composed of the majority of the people of [[Númenor]] in the later part of the [[Second Age]], while the Faithful were a far smaller and increasingly oppressed group. They lived mostly on the west side of Númenor until [[Ar-Gimilzôr]] the twenty-third King commanded them to move eastwards near [[Rómenna]].

==History==
===Early History===
The Faithful became a party distinct from the King's Men during the reign of [[Tar-Ancalimon]] the fourteenth King. They maintained the use of the [[Elven tongues]] and welcomed the [[Elves]] of [[Tol Eressëa]] to their land, in spite of the growing hostility of the King's Men. The Faithful also respected and loved the Valar still, and made no attempt to speak against the [[Ban of the Valar|Ban]] that the Valar had set against the Númenóreans sailing into [[Aman|the West]]. Nevertheless, they "did not escape the affliction of their people" regarding the fear of Death that the [[Shadow]] had brought upon all the Númenóreans, and they were troubled by the fate of [[Men]]. Unlike the King's Men, though, the Faithful had chosen to believe the words of the [[messengers of the Valar]] and [[Estel (philosophical concept)|trust]] that death, called the [[Gift of Men]] by the Elves, was not an evil. It was in this choice that they differed most from the majority of the people of Númenor.

The Faithful looked to the [[Lord of Andúnië|Lords of Andúnië]] for guidance in later days. These Lords, who were held in high esteem by all the Númenóreans, kept their connection with the Faithful a secret for a long time, because they wished to use their power in the [[Council of the Sceptre|King's Council]] to steer the Kings to wiser courses of action. Nevertheless, the rulers of the isle became increasingly antagonistic to all those who were recognized to be members of the minority party.

Like the King's Men, the Faithful also made settlements in [[Middle-earth]], most notably [[Pelargir]], but unlike them the Faithful did not seek to subjugate the natives of the [[Great Lands]]. Because of the coldness between the two parties, the Faithful built Pelargir far away from the colonies of the King's Men, which were a great distance to the south. The Faithful also sailed northwards to [[Lindon]] to converse with the Elves there.

===Treatment by the Later Kings of Númenor===
The Kings of Númenor looked upon the Faithful and their continuing friendship with the Elves with increasing suspicion; they banned the use of the [[Eldarin]] tongues and eventually moved the Elf-friends to the east of the island so that they could no longer communicate with these "spies of the [[Valar]]", their name for the Eressëan Elves. The Kings even kept them under surveillance to make sure they did nothing subversive. The situation of the Faithful only became more bearable when [[Tar-Palantir]], the son of Ar-Gimilzôr who was the greatest enemy of the Elf-friends, attempted to repent of the past actions of the Kings. He treated the Faithful kindly and allowed them to speak the Elven tongues again. But Tar-Palantir's rule was only a minor break in what would become an increasingly cruel policy of oppression, for his nephew seized the [[Sceptre]] after his death and proclaimed himself King [[Ar-Pharazôn]].

Ar-Pharazôn did not immediately begin harassing the Faithful after he was secure in power; his attention was chiefly on [[Sauron]], who had begun to assail the settlements of the Númenóreans with great strength. Angered by this, Ar-Pharazôn prepared a great naval force and sailed to Middle-earth with the intention of defeating the [[Maia]]. When he arrived, the servants of Sauron fled in terror from his host, and Sauron himself surrendered to Ar-Pharazôn; seeing that he could not defeat the Númenóreans by arms, he decided to corrupt them until they destroyed themselves. The King decided to take Sauron to Númenor as a hostage, and it was then that the worst of the Faithful's misfortunes befell them.

It was not long before Sauron had used his power to turn the hearts of most of the Númenóreans towards his counsels, and he told them that by using human sacrifices to worship [[Melkor]], they could escape death. Naturally, "it was most often from among the Faithful" that the Númenóreans chose their victims for these sacrifices. They never said that they killed the Faithful for not worshiping Melkor, however; instead the Númenóreans accused them of plotting against the King and the rest of the people of the land.

===Escape from the Downfall of Númenor ===
This cruel treatment lasted several decades until Ar-Pharazôn grew old and was in great fear of the approaching end of his life. Therefore he listened to Sauron's suggestion that he gather a massive [[Great Armament|Armament]] and sail to [[Aman]], land of the Valar, to claim everlasting life. When [[Amandil of Andúnië|Amandil]] the last Lord of [[Andúnië]] heard this news, he knew that the Númenóreans would surely come to ruinous defeat in war against the Valar, and so he decided to make a preemptive voyage into the West to beg them for mercy and deliverance from Sauron. Before he left, he advised his son [[Elendil]] to furnish nine ships and anchor them off the east coast of Númenor and wait for what would happen next. After he sailed west, Amandil was never heard from again, but by taking his advice, Elendil and his sons survived the disastrous [[Downfall of Númenor]] that was the result of Ar-Pharazôn's war. A mighty wind took their ships eastward and swept them onto the shores of Middle-earth. There they set up the realms of [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]]. These kingdoms were populated by both the descendants of the Faithful and indigenous Men of Middle-earth.

==References==

*[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', "[[Appendix A]]"
*[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth]]"
*[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', "[[The Line of Elros: Kings of Númenor]]"

[[Category:Faithful of Númenor| ]]

Amandil

2010-05-29T23:05:51Z

79.154.116.96:

{{disambig-two|the father of [[Elendil]]|the third [[King of Númenor|King]] of [[Númenor]]|[[Tar-Amandil]]}}
{{numenorean
| image=
| name=Amandil
| othernames=[[Lord of Andúnië]]
| birth=Late [[Second Age]]
| rule=
| death=c. [[Second Age 3319|S.A. 3319]]
| age=
| party=The [[Faithful]]
| language=[[Quenya]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| parentage=[[Númendil]]
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=[[Elendil]]
|}}
'''Amandil''' was the eighteenth and last [[Lord of Andúnië]] in [[Númenor]], suceeding his father [[Númendil]] upon his death. Amandil was the father of [[Elendil]], who would one day found the Númenórean [[Realms in Exile]].

== History ==
Amandil, like his father, was the leader of the [[Faithful]], those Númenóreans who still respected the will of the [[Valar]] and opposed the pride and policies of the [[King's Men]].

In his youth Amandil was a great friend of [[Ar-Pharazôn]], the last [[King of Númenor]]. Amandil was also famed across [[Númenor]] for being a great sea-captain in the days of Nùmendil. However when Ar-Pharazôn brought the conquered [[Sauron]] from [[Middle-earth]], his friendship with Amandil withered. As time passed, Ar-Pharazôn began persecuting the Faithful more vigorously. He eventually stripped Amandil of his Lordship over [[Andúnië]] and commanded him to move his family to [[Rómenna]]. Ar-Pharazôn also dismissed Amandil from his [[Council of the Sceptre|Council]], but since he and his son were still respected by the people, no one attempted to hurt them, unlike the rest of the Faithful.

Foreseeing the [[Downfall of Númenor]], Amandil urged his son Elendil to prepare for departure to Middle-earth, and he himself decided to travel to Valinor to beg the Valar for forgiveness for the evil deeds of his people.

Amandil set sail east and later turned west (to hide what he was doing) towards [[Tol Eressëa]], and was never heard from again. Elendil and his sons, having escaped the cataclysmic destruction of Númenor, made their way to [[Middle-earth]] to establish the [[Dúnedain]] kingdoms of [[Gondor]] and [[Arnor]]. The fact that Elendil and his sons recieved a great wind that brought them out of the destruction of Númenor and took them swiftly to Middle-earth can be seen as the Valar agreeing to Amandil's request and saving the Faithful Nùmenoreans.

== Etymology ==
Amandil means "Devoted to [[Aman]]" in [[Quenya]] (from ''-[[dil]]'' = "friend, lover, devoted to").

== Genealogy ==

[[Númendil]]
|
|
'''AMANDIL'''
|
|
[[Elendil]]
|
_____|_____
| |
| |
[[Isildur]] [[Anárion son of Elendil|Anárion]]

{{sequence
|prev=[[Númendil]]
|next=None<br>(stripped of Lordship)
|list=18th [[Lord of Andúnië]]<br><code>II</code> 3065 – c. 3300
}}

== Other Versions of the Legendarium ==
[[Elentir]], intended to be a brother of Amandil, was a character developed but never fully adapted into the formal history of Númenor. In one version of the story of [[Ar-Pharazôn]], his future wife [[Tar-Míriel|Míriel]], the daughter of the current king, was betrothed to Elentir. However, she fell desperately in love with Pharazôn and chose to become his queen when he took up the [[Sceptre of Númenor]]. This story is very different than the tale in the published ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', where Ar-Pharazôn takes Míriel very much against her will in order to claim the Sceptre. In either case, Elentir disappeared before Nùmendil died, leaving Amandil as the [[Lord of Andúnië]].
[[Category:House of Elros]]
[[Category:Lords of Andúnië]]
[[Category:Faithful of Númenor]]
[[de:Amandil (Anführer der Getreuen)]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/hommes/2a/numenoreens/amandil]]
[[fi:Amandil]]