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Trolls

2024-10-14T20:12:32Z

Aboehmemason: Added two games to list of portrayal adaptations.

{{race infobox
| name=Trolls
| image = J.R.R. Tolkien - The Three Trolls are turned to Stone (Colored by H.E. Riddett).jpg
| caption="The Three Trolls are turned to Stone" by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] (coloured by [[H.E. Riddett]])
| pronun=
| othernames=''[[torog]]'' ([[Sindarin|S]]; singular) ''[[olog]]'' ([[Black Speech|BS]]; singular)
| origin=Devised or corrupted by [[Morgoth]] in the [[First Age]] (believed by [[Treebeard]] to be "made in mockery" of [[Ents]])
| location=[[Beleriand]] Southern [[Mirkwood]] [[Mordor]] [[Ettenmoors]] [[Trollshaws]] [[Moria]]
| affiliation=Originally [[Morgoth]]; later [[Sauron]]
| rivalry=[[Ents]]
| language=[[Black Speech]] ([[Olog-hai]]) Debased form of [[Westron]]
| people=''[[#Types of Trolls|See below]]''
| members=[[William Huggins]] [[Tom]] [[Bert]]
| lifespan=Unknown
| distinctions=Strong beasts with limited intellect
| height=Large; some being at least twelve feet tall (3.66 meters and above)<ref name=feet/>
| hair=
| skin=Dark, with greenish scales
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
'''Trolls''' were a race of large humanoid creatures of limited intellect. They were strong and vicious, but some of them could not endure [[sun]]light and turned to stone when exposed to it, which rendered them permanently lifeless.<ref name="Flight">{{FR|Flight}}, pp. 205-6</ref>

==History==
===First Age===
====Origins====
[[Morgoth]] devised or corrupted Trolls during the [[First Age]] ("''twilight of the [[Elder Days]]''").<ref name="Appendix">{{App|Other}}, p. 1132</ref> Their exact origins are unknown, though Treebeard believed that Trolls were made by the [[Dark Lord]] "''in mockery of [[Ents]]''", similar to the belief that [[Orcs]] were a twisted parody of the [[Elves]].<ref>{{TT|Treebeard}}, p. 486</ref><ref group="note">J.R.R. Tolkien pointed out in a [[Letter 153|letter]] to Peter Hastings that Treebeard did not say that the Dark Lord "created" Trolls, he merely said that he "made" them in counterfeit of pre-existing creatures.</ref> Whatever their exact origins were, Trolls were dull and lumpish, and at least in their beginning, were as inarticulate as animals.<ref name="Appendix" />

====Nirnaeth Arnoediad====
[[File:Joel Kilpatrick - Troll guard.jpg|thumb|right|300px|''Troll guard'' by [[:Category:Images by Joel Kilpatrick|Joel Kilpatrick]]]]
The participation of Trolls in the [[Wars of Beleriand|War of the Jewels]] was not recorded in the tales of the Elder Days until {{FA|472}},<ref>{{WJ|One}}, entry 472, §240, pp. 76-7</ref> when the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad|Battle of Unnumbered Tears]] took place.

The hosts of [[Angband]] attacked and killed all of the rearguard of the brothers [[Húrin]] and [[Huor]] and the remnant of the [[Edain|Men]] of the [[House of Hador]] from [[Dor-lómin]] except Húrin at the river [[Rivil]].

When Húrin was the last man standing, he threw away his shield and gripped his axe with both hands. A [[Narn i Chîn Húrin (tale)|song]] tells that his axe smoked in the black blood of the Troll-guard of [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]], the Lord of [[Balrogs]] and the High-captain of Angband until at last he was taken alive by Orcs by Morgoth's command, being bound by Gothmog and dragged to Angband.<ref name="Fifth" />

===Second and Third Ages===
Later on, [[Sauron]] taught them the little that they were able to learn and increased their intelligence with wickedness. As a consequence, the Trolls learned as much language as they could from the [[Orcs]]. In the Westlands Stone-trolls spoke a debased form of Westron. The Olog-hai only spoke the [[Black Speech]] of [[Barad-dûr]].<ref name="Appendix" />

Since days before memory Trolls settled in the north of the [[Misty Mountains]], in particular near the [[Ettenmoors]]. The realm of [[Angmar]] was founded in their area, and while it lasted (c. {{TA|1300}} – {{TA|1975|n}}) the Trolls' numbers increased, as did their wickedness. After the fall of Angmar, the Trolls retreated to the east of the Misty Mountains, but 300 years before the [[War of the Ring]] they returned to [[Eriador]]. They managed to make dens in the hills as far west as the [[North Downs]] despite the efforts of the [[Rangers of the North]] to watch the area.

In the time of [[Arador]], the 14th [[Chieftain of the Dúnedain]], a band of Trolls threatened his house in the woods near the river [[Hoarwell]] north of the [[Trollshaws]].<ref>{{NM|P3xvii}}, note 12, p. 366</ref> In {{TA|2930}}<ref>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 2930, p. 1089</ref> hill-trolls captured Arador in the north of Rivendell and killed him.<ref>{{App|Tale}}, fourth paragraph, p. 1057</ref>

In the [[Third Age]], Sauron bred a new race of Trolls, which were called ''[[Olog-hai]]'' in the Black Speech. In contrast to the older race of Trolls from the First Age the Olog-hai could bear exposure to sunlight as long as they were controlled by the will of Sauron. They were cunning, strong, agile, fierce, harder than stone and spoke little. The Olog-hai were first seen at the end of the Third Age in southern [[Mirkwood]] and in the mountain borders of [[Mordor]].<ref name="Appendix" />

====The Quest for Erebor====
[[File:Justin Gerard - Bilbo and the Three Trolls.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Bilbo and the Three Trolls'' by [[Justin Gerard]]]]
In {{TA|2941}},<ref>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 2941, p. 1089</ref> [[Thorin and Company]] encountered [[Bert]], [[Tom]] and [[William|Bill]], three Trolls who had come down from the mountains and eaten a number of [[Men]] equivalent to village and a half, who probably stopped there on their way through the area, as well as sheep.

The trolls captured [[Bilbo]] and the [[Dwarves]], but [[Gandalf]] returned in time to keep the trolls go on arguing how to cook the Dwarves by impersonating the voices of the Trolls from a place of hiding until the first lights of the morning sun came over the hill and turned the trolls to stone. Afterwards Thorin and Company discovered the cave of the trolls and took the swords [[Glamdring]] and [[Orcrist]], the knife [[Sting]], gold coins and food from the cave.<ref name="Mutton" />

It is not known how the trolls had gotten the sword, but [[Elrond]] guessed that the Trolls had robbed other robbers or had found them in a hold in the mountains as remnants of old robberies.<ref>{{H|Rest}}</ref>

====The War of the Ring====
When the fiftieth birthday of [[Frodo Baggins]] was getting near, probably early in the year {{TA|3018}}<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3018, April 12, p. 1090</ref> rumors had reached [[the Shire]] that Trolls were abroad, more cunning than normal and armed with dreadful weapons.<ref>{{FR|Shadow}}, p. 44</ref> By {{TA|3018}} when [[Aragorn]] and the [[Hobbits]] were attacked on [[Weathertop]]<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3018, October 6, p. 1092</ref> the land east of Weathertop was uninhabited and had been deserted, because Trolls sometimes came down from the northern valleys of the Misty Mountains.<ref>{{FR|Knife}}, p. 190</ref> At that time Trolls still lived in the [[Ettendales]],<ref>{{FR|Flight}}, p. 203</ref> the valleys of the Ettenmoors, which ran up to the foothills of the Misty Mountains far north of [[Rivendell]].<ref>{{HM|UI}}, entry ''Ettendales'', . 188</ref>

On 18 October {{TA|3018}}, Aragorn and the Hobbits found a path in the [[Trollshaws]], which had probably been made by the three Trolls, followed it and discovered that it led to the cave of the trolls and then on to the clearing in the woods not far below the cave where the three trolls that had been turned to stone still stood.<ref>{{FR|Flight}}, pp. 204-5</ref>
[[File:Jan Pospíšil - Troll slayer.jpg|thumb|right|250px|''Troll slayer'' by [[:Category:Images by Jan Pospíšil|Jan Pospíšil]]]]
On 15 January {{TA|3019}},<ref>{{FR|Journey}}, p. 318</ref><ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, January 15, p. 1092</ref> the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] was attacked in the [[Chamber of Mazarbul]] by a cave-troll and Orcs. When [[Boromir]] hewed at the arm of the troll which came through a gap in the door with his sword, his sword was notched, glanced aside and fell from his hand. However the troll retreated when Frodo stabbed it in the foot with his sword [[Sting]].<ref name="Bridge" />

In the early hours of 15 March {{TA|3019}},<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, March 15, pp. 1093-4</ref> in the [[Siege of Gondor|siege of Minas Tirith]] mountain-trolls walked behind the great hundred-foot long battering ram [[Grond (battering ram)|Grond]] to the [[Great Gate of Minas Tirith]] and swung Grond four times against the gate until the gate broke.<ref name="Siege" />

On 25 March {{TA|3019}},<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, March 25, p. 1094</ref> at the beginning of the [[Battle of the Morannon]] the [[Army of the West]] consisting of forces of [[Gondor]] and [[Rohan]] was attacked on the [[Slag-hills]] before the [[Black Gate]] of Mordor by a great company of hill-trolls from [[Gorgoroth]] with huge round bucklers and heavy hammers. Pippin managed to fell the chief of the Trolls by stabbing him with his [[Daggers of Westernesse|Barrow-blade]] when the troll tried to bite the throat of [[Beregond]] who had fallen down after having been stunned by the monster.<ref name="Gate" />

===Legacy===
[[File:Matěj Čadil - Troll sat alone on his seat of stone.jpg|thumb|left|180px|''Troll sat alone on his seat of stone'' by [[Matěj Čadil]]]]
[[File:Amani Warrington - A Lonely Troll.jpg|thumb|right|180px|''A Lonely Troll'' by [[:Category:Images by Amani Warrington|Amani Warrington]]]]

While it is unknown what happened to Trolls after the [[Downfall of Barad-dûr]], the [[Hobbits|hobbit]] [[Samwise Gamgee]] composed two poems that had Trolls in them.<ref name="Face">{{AB|Preface}}</ref> The first one, called ''[[The Stone Troll]]'',<ref>{{AB|7}}</ref> was recited by [[Samwise Gamgee]] to [[Aragorn]], [[Frodo]], [[Merry]], and [[Pippin]] during their stay near the [[Troll Ridge]].<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[The Chronology of The Lord of the Rings]], p. 38</ref><ref>{{FR|Flight}}, pp. 206-8</ref> The second poem, called ''[[Perry-the-Winkle]]'', also composed by Sam,<ref name="Face" /> featured a [[Lonely Troll]] as one of the main characters. However, unlike other trolls, the Lonely Troll was friendly and good-natured.<ref>{{AB|8}}</ref>

==Characteristics==
Trolls were taller and broader than men<ref name="Gate">{{RK|Gate}}, p. 892</ref> with a height of twelve feet or more.<ref name="feet">{{TT|Road}}, p. 549</ref> They had dark skin with greenish scales, large flat toeless feet<ref name="Bridge">{{FR|Bridge}}, pp. 324-5</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, mentioning the illustration title The Trolls that J.R.R. Tolkien drew for The Hobbit, p. 293</ref> and knotted hands with claws.<ref name="Gate" /> Their blood was black.<ref name="Fifth">{{S|Fifth}}</ref><ref name="Bridge" /><ref name="Gate" />

Regular Trolls turned back to stone from which they had been created when exposed to the sunlight,<ref name="Mutton">{{H|Mutton}}</ref> but the Troll race called Olog-hai that appeared at the end of the [[Third Age]] could tolerate sunglight as long as they were controlled by the will of [[Sauron]].<ref name="Appendix" />

Trolls lived in different terrains and were known as cave-trolls,<ref name="Bridge" /> hill-trolls<ref name="Gate" /><ref>{{App|Tale}}, p. 1057</ref> or mountain-trolls.<ref name="Siege">{{RK|Siege}}, p. 828-9</ref> They did not build buildings,<ref>{{FR|Flight}}, p. 201</ref> and slept in caves or holes.<ref name="Flight" /> It is possible that the term Stone-trolls<ref name="Appendix" /> was used for regular trolls who turned back to stone when exposed to the sunlight.<ref name="L153">{{L|153}}</ref><ref group="note">This is also suggested by the use of the term Stone-trolls before the paragraph about the Olog-hai, which could endure sunlight.</ref>

===Types of Trolls===
*[[Cave-trolls]]
*[[Half-trolls]]
*[[Hill-trolls]]
*[[Mountain-trolls]]
*[[Olog-hai]]
*[[Stone-trolls]]
*[[Two-headed Trolls]]
*Snow-trolls<ref name="Eorl">{{App|Eorl}}</ref>

==Other names==
The [[Sindarin]] word for a "troll" is ''[[torog]]''.<ref name="Appendix" /> The [[Black Speech]] equivalent is ''[[olog]]''.<ref>{{PE|17}}, entry B '''Urukhai''' and entry B '''Ologhai''', p. 136</ref>

The name ''[[Rhudaur]]'' is translated by Tolkien as "Troll shaw", with ''[[rhû]]'' translated as "evil, wicked".<ref>{{PE|17}}, entry S '''Rhudaur''' and entry S ''rhû'', p. 115</ref>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
===Early legendarium===
In an early chart of different creatures, Trolls are given the [[Qenya]] name ''maulir''. [[Patrick H. Wynne]] and [[Christopher Gilson]] have suggested that ''maulir'' is possibly related to Qenya ''maule'' ("crying, weeping"), thus perhaps "referring to cries made by these monsters or to the weeping of their victims".<ref>{{PE|14}}, pp. 7, 9</ref>

In the ''[[Lay_of_Leithian_Canto_XIII|Lay of Leithian Canto XIII (Beren and Lúthien in Angband)]]'', as [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]] descend into the depths of Angband, among other horrors "huge shapes there stood like carven trolls enormous hewn of blasted rock to forms that mortal likeness mock; monstrous and menacing, entombed, at every turn they silent loomed in fitful glares that leaped and died."<ref>{{LB|C13}}</ref>

===Later legendarium===
In an earlier version of what would become the [[Appendix F]] it was also mentioned that the evil Power had crossed their breed with that of larger Orcs.<ref>{{PM|II}}, text F2 §17, p. 17</ref>

In an unpublished note on the origin of the Orcs without any indication of the date when the note was written, Tolkien stated that it would seem evident that Trolls were corruptions of primitive human types.<ref>{{MR|P5IX}}, p. 414</ref>

==Inspiration==
[[Wikipedia:Trolls|Trolls]] were originally a part of the [[Norse mythology]] (as a negative synonym for ''jötunn'', "[[giants]]") and [[Wikipedia:Scandinavian folklore|Scandinavian folklore]] (as ugly, large creatures of remote wildlife areas). [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] used elements of old barbarous mythmaking that Trolls returned to stone when they were not in the dark.<ref name="L153" />

Helen Buckhurst, a friend and colleague of J.R.R. Tolkien presented a paper titled ''Icelandic Folklore'' in [[1926]] in which she stated that Icelandic Trolls in the Sagas and in more recent tales were huge, mishappen and ugly creatures who generally lived in caves in the mountains, were almost always evil, often raided outlying farms at night to take sheep, horses, children, men and women and ate them in their homes in the mountains. She also mentioned that some kinds of Trolls must stay in caves during the day, because the light of the sun turns them to stone.<ref>{{HM|AH}}, p. 80</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 189</ref>

==Other fiction==
In ''[[Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Pearl and Sir Orfeo|Sir Gawain and the Green Knight]]'' there are mentions of the "wood-trolls" (translated by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] from the [[Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (poem)|manuscript]] word ''[[wodwo]]s'').<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 555</ref> The latter word is related to the [[Woses]].{{fact}}

==Portrayal in adaptations==
===Trolls in adaptations===
<gallery mode="traditional" widths="165px" heights="140px">
File:The Hobbit (1967 film) - Groan.png|A "Groan" in [[The Hobbit (1967 film)|''The Hobbit'' (1967 film)]]
File:The Hobbit (1977 film) - Trolls.png|[[William]], [[Tom]] and [[Bert]] in [[The Hobbit (1977 film)|''The Hobbit'' (1977 film)]]
File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring - Cave-troll.jpg|A cave-troll in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]''
File:The Lord of the Rings War in the North - Troll.jpg|A troll in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]''
File:The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - Bert, Bill and Tom.jpg|[[William]], [[Tom]] and [[Bert]] in ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]''
File:The Lord of the Rings- The Treason of Isengard - Concept art Troll.jpg|Concept art of a '''troll''' for ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Treason of Isengard]]''
</gallery>

===Films===
'''[[1967]]: [[The Hobbit (1967 film)|''The Hobbit'' (1967 film)]]:'''
:The three Trolls' position in the narrative was taken by two creatures called "Groans".<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Gene Deitch]]|articleurl=http://genedeitchcredits.com/roll-the-credits/40-william-l-snyder/#comment-5311|articlename=Comment 5311|dated=25-July-2012|website=[http://genedeitchcredits.com/ genedeitchcredits]|accessed=17-October-2012}}</ref> They had wooden, bark-like skin, and, instead of stone, turned into dead trees when exposed to sunlight.

'''[[1978]]: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''
:The troll that attempts to enter Balin's Tomb is depicted as a shadowy creature with dark green fur. Unlike in the novel, its feet have toes. It is the only troll seen in the film.

===Games===
'''[[2002]]: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (video game)|The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''
:Like in the film adaptation of ''The Fellowship of the Ring'', a Cave-troll serves as the boss of the "Balin's Tomb" level. A pair of Cave-trolls also serve as the bosses of the "Hornburg Courtyard" level. Also unique to this game are a new breed of troll known as "Forest-trolls", which appear in several levels including "Fangorn Forest" and "Breached Wall".

'''[[2003]]: ''[[The Hobbit (2003 video game)|The Hobbit]]'':'''
:In addition to the three Stone-trolls from the book, a Cave-troll was intended to appear during the "Over Hill and Under Hill" level in the PC and console versions, where it would have served as the level's boss. Even though the encounter was cut from the final version of the game, Bilbo still mentions the troll to Gandalf when he reunites with [[Thorin and Company]], and [[Kili]] informs Bilbo that Trolls are known to live in the Misty Mountains, and hopes Bilbo didn't encounter any while he was separated.<ref>''The Hobbit (2003 video game)'', "Over Hill and Under Hill"</ref>
:Third-party trainer programs for the PC version allow the boss battle to be reintegrated into the game. Like the three Stone-trolls, the Cave-troll would have been capable of speaking [[Westron]], as shown during its introductory cutscene where it complains about having a toothache. Defeating it would have yielded the Troll Key which, in the final version of the game, instead lays on the floor for Bilbo to take without having to kill any of the creatures that guard it.

'''[[2004]]: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''
:Trolls are a playable unit in the game. You can play as either a mountain troll or drummer troll. When the mountain troll levels up, it receives armor. Their designs are based off of the Peter Jackson film series.

'''[[2006]]: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''
:Trolls are a playable unit like in the previous game. In the expansion, [[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II: The Rise of the Witch-king]] additional units of trolls can be played called the snow trolls and hill trolls. The campaign features a named troll called Rhogash which helps the Witch-king lead his assaults on Arnor.

'''[[2011]]: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''
:Compared to other enemies, Trolls are much stronger. Trolls first appear in [[Fornost]], where one traps [[Eradan (video game character)|Eradan]], [[Andriel]] and [[Farin (video game character)|Farin]].<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], Chapter 1: Fornost, ''Outer Wards''</ref> Another troll appears at the end of the level, where Eradan, Andriel and Farin have to protect [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]]. When this troll is killed, the player is able to enter the Citadel to confront [[Tharzog]] and [[Agandaûr]].<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], Chapter 1: Fornost, ''The Citadel''</ref>

'''[[2014]]: ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]'':'''
:The Udûn and Sea of Nûrnen regions of Mordor are inhabited by large troll-like creatures known as "Olog Graugs". According to their Nature article in the Appendices menu, Sauron intends to use the Graug to crossbreed with ordinary Trolls, and create a new breed of "hill-trolls" that can withstand direct sunlight. Graugs are very rare in the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 versions of the game due to technical limitations, but are more abundant in the PS4, PC, and Xbox One versions.

{{references|notes}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Trolls}}
[[Category:Races]]
[[Category:Races in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Trolls| ]]
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]
[[de:Trolle]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/trolls/trolls]]
[[fi:Peikot]]

Trolls

2024-10-14T20:01:41Z

Aboehmemason: Added snow-troll to list as is mentioned in the House of Eorl - Appendix A

{{race infobox
| name=Trolls
| image = J.R.R. Tolkien - The Three Trolls are turned to Stone (Colored by H.E. Riddett).jpg
| caption="The Three Trolls are turned to Stone" by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] (coloured by [[H.E. Riddett]])
| pronun=
| othernames=''[[torog]]'' ([[Sindarin|S]]; singular) ''[[olog]]'' ([[Black Speech|BS]]; singular)
| origin=Devised or corrupted by [[Morgoth]] in the [[First Age]] (believed by [[Treebeard]] to be "made in mockery" of [[Ents]])
| location=[[Beleriand]] Southern [[Mirkwood]] [[Mordor]] [[Ettenmoors]] [[Trollshaws]] [[Moria]]
| affiliation=Originally [[Morgoth]]; later [[Sauron]]
| rivalry=[[Ents]]
| language=[[Black Speech]] ([[Olog-hai]]) Debased form of [[Westron]]
| people=''[[#Types of Trolls|See below]]''
| members=[[William Huggins]] [[Tom]] [[Bert]]
| lifespan=Unknown
| distinctions=Strong beasts with limited intellect
| height=Large; some being at least twelve feet tall (3.66 meters and above)<ref name=feet/>
| hair=
| skin=Dark, with greenish scales
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
'''Trolls''' were a race of large humanoid creatures of limited intellect. They were strong and vicious, but some of them could not endure [[sun]]light and turned to stone when exposed to it, which rendered them permanently lifeless.<ref name="Flight">{{FR|Flight}}, pp. 205-6</ref>

==History==
===First Age===
====Origins====
[[Morgoth]] devised or corrupted Trolls during the [[First Age]] ("''twilight of the [[Elder Days]]''").<ref name="Appendix">{{App|Other}}, p. 1132</ref> Their exact origins are unknown, though Treebeard believed that Trolls were made by the [[Dark Lord]] "''in mockery of [[Ents]]''", similar to the belief that [[Orcs]] were a twisted parody of the [[Elves]].<ref>{{TT|Treebeard}}, p. 486</ref><ref group="note">J.R.R. Tolkien pointed out in a [[Letter 153|letter]] to Peter Hastings that Treebeard did not say that the Dark Lord "created" Trolls, he merely said that he "made" them in counterfeit of pre-existing creatures.</ref> Whatever their exact origins were, Trolls were dull and lumpish, and at least in their beginning, were as inarticulate as animals.<ref name="Appendix" />

====Nirnaeth Arnoediad====
[[File:Joel Kilpatrick - Troll guard.jpg|thumb|right|300px|''Troll guard'' by [[:Category:Images by Joel Kilpatrick|Joel Kilpatrick]]]]
The participation of Trolls in the [[Wars of Beleriand|War of the Jewels]] was not recorded in the tales of the Elder Days until {{FA|472}},<ref>{{WJ|One}}, entry 472, §240, pp. 76-7</ref> when the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad|Battle of Unnumbered Tears]] took place.

The hosts of [[Angband]] attacked and killed all of the rearguard of the brothers [[Húrin]] and [[Huor]] and the remnant of the [[Edain|Men]] of the [[House of Hador]] from [[Dor-lómin]] except Húrin at the river [[Rivil]].

When Húrin was the last man standing, he threw away his shield and gripped his axe with both hands. A [[Narn i Chîn Húrin (tale)|song]] tells that his axe smoked in the black blood of the Troll-guard of [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]], the Lord of [[Balrogs]] and the High-captain of Angband until at last he was taken alive by Orcs by Morgoth's command, being bound by Gothmog and dragged to Angband.<ref name="Fifth" />

===Second and Third Ages===
Later on, [[Sauron]] taught them the little that they were able to learn and increased their intelligence with wickedness. As a consequence, the Trolls learned as much language as they could from the [[Orcs]]. In the Westlands Stone-trolls spoke a debased form of Westron. The Olog-hai only spoke the [[Black Speech]] of [[Barad-dûr]].<ref name="Appendix" />

Since days before memory Trolls settled in the north of the [[Misty Mountains]], in particular near the [[Ettenmoors]]. The realm of [[Angmar]] was founded in their area, and while it lasted (c. {{TA|1300}} – {{TA|1975|n}}) the Trolls' numbers increased, as did their wickedness. After the fall of Angmar, the Trolls retreated to the east of the Misty Mountains, but 300 years before the [[War of the Ring]] they returned to [[Eriador]]. They managed to make dens in the hills as far west as the [[North Downs]] despite the efforts of the [[Rangers of the North]] to watch the area.

In the time of [[Arador]], the 14th [[Chieftain of the Dúnedain]], a band of Trolls threatened his house in the woods near the river [[Hoarwell]] north of the [[Trollshaws]].<ref>{{NM|P3xvii}}, note 12, p. 366</ref> In {{TA|2930}}<ref>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 2930, p. 1089</ref> hill-trolls captured Arador in the north of Rivendell and killed him.<ref>{{App|Tale}}, fourth paragraph, p. 1057</ref>

In the [[Third Age]], Sauron bred a new race of Trolls, which were called ''[[Olog-hai]]'' in the Black Speech. In contrast to the older race of Trolls from the First Age the Olog-hai could bear exposure to sunlight as long as they were controlled by the will of Sauron. They were cunning, strong, agile, fierce, harder than stone and spoke little. The Olog-hai were first seen at the end of the Third Age in southern [[Mirkwood]] and in the mountain borders of [[Mordor]].<ref name="Appendix" />

====The Quest for Erebor====
[[File:Justin Gerard - Bilbo and the Three Trolls.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Bilbo and the Three Trolls'' by [[Justin Gerard]]]]
In {{TA|2941}},<ref>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 2941, p. 1089</ref> [[Thorin and Company]] encountered [[Bert]], [[Tom]] and [[William|Bill]], three Trolls who had come down from the mountains and eaten a number of [[Men]] equivalent to village and a half, who probably stopped there on their way through the area, as well as sheep.

The trolls captured [[Bilbo]] and the [[Dwarves]], but [[Gandalf]] returned in time to keep the trolls go on arguing how to cook the Dwarves by impersonating the voices of the Trolls from a place of hiding until the first lights of the morning sun came over the hill and turned the trolls to stone. Afterwards Thorin and Company discovered the cave of the trolls and took the swords [[Glamdring]] and [[Orcrist]], the knife [[Sting]], gold coins and food from the cave.<ref name="Mutton" />

It is not known how the trolls had gotten the sword, but [[Elrond]] guessed that the Trolls had robbed other robbers or had found them in a hold in the mountains as remnants of old robberies.<ref>{{H|Rest}}</ref>

====The War of the Ring====
When the fiftieth birthday of [[Frodo Baggins]] was getting near, probably early in the year {{TA|3018}}<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3018, April 12, p. 1090</ref> rumors had reached [[the Shire]] that Trolls were abroad, more cunning than normal and armed with dreadful weapons.<ref>{{FR|Shadow}}, p. 44</ref> By {{TA|3018}} when [[Aragorn]] and the [[Hobbits]] were attacked on [[Weathertop]]<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3018, October 6, p. 1092</ref> the land east of Weathertop was uninhabited and had been deserted, because Trolls sometimes came down from the northern valleys of the Misty Mountains.<ref>{{FR|Knife}}, p. 190</ref> At that time Trolls still lived in the [[Ettendales]],<ref>{{FR|Flight}}, p. 203</ref> the valleys of the Ettenmoors, which ran up to the foothills of the Misty Mountains far north of [[Rivendell]].<ref>{{HM|UI}}, entry ''Ettendales'', . 188</ref>

On 18 October {{TA|3018}}, Aragorn and the Hobbits found a path in the [[Trollshaws]], which had probably been made by the three Trolls, followed it and discovered that it led to the cave of the trolls and then on to the clearing in the woods not far below the cave where the three trolls that had been turned to stone still stood.<ref>{{FR|Flight}}, pp. 204-5</ref>
[[File:Jan Pospíšil - Troll slayer.jpg|thumb|right|250px|''Troll slayer'' by [[:Category:Images by Jan Pospíšil|Jan Pospíšil]]]]
On 15 January {{TA|3019}},<ref>{{FR|Journey}}, p. 318</ref><ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, January 15, p. 1092</ref> the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] was attacked in the [[Chamber of Mazarbul]] by a cave-troll and Orcs. When [[Boromir]] hewed at the arm of the troll which came through a gap in the door with his sword, his sword was notched, glanced aside and fell from his hand. However the troll retreated when Frodo stabbed it in the foot with his sword [[Sting]].<ref name="Bridge" />

In the early hours of 15 March {{TA|3019}},<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, March 15, pp. 1093-4</ref> in the [[Siege of Gondor|siege of Minas Tirith]] mountain-trolls walked behind the great hundred-foot long battering ram [[Grond (battering ram)|Grond]] to the [[Great Gate of Minas Tirith]] and swung Grond four times against the gate until the gate broke.<ref name="Siege" />

On 25 March {{TA|3019}},<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, March 25, p. 1094</ref> at the beginning of the [[Battle of the Morannon]] the [[Army of the West]] consisting of forces of [[Gondor]] and [[Rohan]] was attacked on the [[Slag-hills]] before the [[Black Gate]] of Mordor by a great company of hill-trolls from [[Gorgoroth]] with huge round bucklers and heavy hammers. Pippin managed to fell the chief of the Trolls by stabbing him with his [[Daggers of Westernesse|Barrow-blade]] when the troll tried to bite the throat of [[Beregond]] who had fallen down after having been stunned by the monster.<ref name="Gate" />

===Legacy===
[[File:Matěj Čadil - Troll sat alone on his seat of stone.jpg|thumb|left|180px|''Troll sat alone on his seat of stone'' by [[Matěj Čadil]]]]
[[File:Amani Warrington - A Lonely Troll.jpg|thumb|right|180px|''A Lonely Troll'' by [[:Category:Images by Amani Warrington|Amani Warrington]]]]

While it is unknown what happened to Trolls after the [[Downfall of Barad-dûr]], the [[Hobbits|hobbit]] [[Samwise Gamgee]] composed two poems that had Trolls in them.<ref name="Face">{{AB|Preface}}</ref> The first one, called ''[[The Stone Troll]]'',<ref>{{AB|7}}</ref> was recited by [[Samwise Gamgee]] to [[Aragorn]], [[Frodo]], [[Merry]], and [[Pippin]] during their stay near the [[Troll Ridge]].<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[The Chronology of The Lord of the Rings]], p. 38</ref><ref>{{FR|Flight}}, pp. 206-8</ref> The second poem, called ''[[Perry-the-Winkle]]'', also composed by Sam,<ref name="Face" /> featured a [[Lonely Troll]] as one of the main characters. However, unlike other trolls, the Lonely Troll was friendly and good-natured.<ref>{{AB|8}}</ref>

==Characteristics==
Trolls were taller and broader than men<ref name="Gate">{{RK|Gate}}, p. 892</ref> with a height of twelve feet or more.<ref name="feet">{{TT|Road}}, p. 549</ref> They had dark skin with greenish scales, large flat toeless feet<ref name="Bridge">{{FR|Bridge}}, pp. 324-5</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, mentioning the illustration title The Trolls that J.R.R. Tolkien drew for The Hobbit, p. 293</ref> and knotted hands with claws.<ref name="Gate" /> Their blood was black.<ref name="Fifth">{{S|Fifth}}</ref><ref name="Bridge" /><ref name="Gate" />

Regular Trolls turned back to stone from which they had been created when exposed to the sunlight,<ref name="Mutton">{{H|Mutton}}</ref> but the Troll race called Olog-hai that appeared at the end of the [[Third Age]] could tolerate sunglight as long as they were controlled by the will of [[Sauron]].<ref name="Appendix" />

Trolls lived in different terrains and were known as cave-trolls,<ref name="Bridge" /> hill-trolls<ref name="Gate" /><ref>{{App|Tale}}, p. 1057</ref> or mountain-trolls.<ref name="Siege">{{RK|Siege}}, p. 828-9</ref> They did not build buildings,<ref>{{FR|Flight}}, p. 201</ref> and slept in caves or holes.<ref name="Flight" /> It is possible that the term Stone-trolls<ref name="Appendix" /> was used for regular trolls who turned back to stone when exposed to the sunlight.<ref name="L153">{{L|153}}</ref><ref group="note">This is also suggested by the use of the term Stone-trolls before the paragraph about the Olog-hai, which could endure sunlight.</ref>

===Types of Trolls===
*[[Cave-trolls]]
*[[Half-trolls]]
*[[Hill-trolls]]
*[[Mountain-trolls]]
*[[Olog-hai]]
*[[Stone-trolls]]
*[[Two-headed Trolls]]
*Snow-trolls<ref name="Eorl">{{App|Eorl}}</ref>

==Other names==
The [[Sindarin]] word for a "troll" is ''[[torog]]''.<ref name="Appendix" /> The [[Black Speech]] equivalent is ''[[olog]]''.<ref>{{PE|17}}, entry B '''Urukhai''' and entry B '''Ologhai''', p. 136</ref>

The name ''[[Rhudaur]]'' is translated by Tolkien as "Troll shaw", with ''[[rhû]]'' translated as "evil, wicked".<ref>{{PE|17}}, entry S '''Rhudaur''' and entry S ''rhû'', p. 115</ref>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
===Early legendarium===
In an early chart of different creatures, Trolls are given the [[Qenya]] name ''maulir''. [[Patrick H. Wynne]] and [[Christopher Gilson]] have suggested that ''maulir'' is possibly related to Qenya ''maule'' ("crying, weeping"), thus perhaps "referring to cries made by these monsters or to the weeping of their victims".<ref>{{PE|14}}, pp. 7, 9</ref>

In the ''[[Lay_of_Leithian_Canto_XIII|Lay of Leithian Canto XIII (Beren and Lúthien in Angband)]]'', as [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]] descend into the depths of Angband, among other horrors "huge shapes there stood like carven trolls enormous hewn of blasted rock to forms that mortal likeness mock; monstrous and menacing, entombed, at every turn they silent loomed in fitful glares that leaped and died."<ref>{{LB|C13}}</ref>

===Later legendarium===
In an earlier version of what would become the [[Appendix F]] it was also mentioned that the evil Power had crossed their breed with that of larger Orcs.<ref>{{PM|II}}, text F2 §17, p. 17</ref>

In an unpublished note on the origin of the Orcs without any indication of the date when the note was written, Tolkien stated that it would seem evident that Trolls were corruptions of primitive human types.<ref>{{MR|P5IX}}, p. 414</ref>

==Inspiration==
[[Wikipedia:Trolls|Trolls]] were originally a part of the [[Norse mythology]] (as a negative synonym for ''jötunn'', "[[giants]]") and [[Wikipedia:Scandinavian folklore|Scandinavian folklore]] (as ugly, large creatures of remote wildlife areas). [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] used elements of old barbarous mythmaking that Trolls returned to stone when they were not in the dark.<ref name="L153" />

Helen Buckhurst, a friend and colleague of J.R.R. Tolkien presented a paper titled ''Icelandic Folklore'' in [[1926]] in which she stated that Icelandic Trolls in the Sagas and in more recent tales were huge, mishappen and ugly creatures who generally lived in caves in the mountains, were almost always evil, often raided outlying farms at night to take sheep, horses, children, men and women and ate them in their homes in the mountains. She also mentioned that some kinds of Trolls must stay in caves during the day, because the light of the sun turns them to stone.<ref>{{HM|AH}}, p. 80</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 189</ref>

==Other fiction==
In ''[[Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Pearl and Sir Orfeo|Sir Gawain and the Green Knight]]'' there are mentions of the "wood-trolls" (translated by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] from the [[Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (poem)|manuscript]] word ''[[wodwo]]s'').<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 555</ref> The latter word is related to the [[Woses]].{{fact}}

==Portrayal in adaptations==
===Trolls in adaptations===
<gallery mode="traditional" widths="165px" heights="140px">
File:The Hobbit (1967 film) - Groan.png|A "Groan" in [[The Hobbit (1967 film)|''The Hobbit'' (1967 film)]]
File:The Hobbit (1977 film) - Trolls.png|[[William]], [[Tom]] and [[Bert]] in [[The Hobbit (1977 film)|''The Hobbit'' (1977 film)]]
File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring - Cave-troll.jpg|A cave-troll in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]''
File:The Lord of the Rings War in the North - Troll.jpg|A troll in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]''
File:The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - Bert, Bill and Tom.jpg|[[William]], [[Tom]] and [[Bert]] in ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]''
File:The Lord of the Rings- The Treason of Isengard - Concept art Troll.jpg|Concept art of a '''troll''' for ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Treason of Isengard]]''
</gallery>

===Films===
'''[[1967]]: [[The Hobbit (1967 film)|''The Hobbit'' (1967 film)]]:'''
:The three Trolls' position in the narrative was taken by two creatures called "Groans".<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Gene Deitch]]|articleurl=http://genedeitchcredits.com/roll-the-credits/40-william-l-snyder/#comment-5311|articlename=Comment 5311|dated=25-July-2012|website=[http://genedeitchcredits.com/ genedeitchcredits]|accessed=17-October-2012}}</ref> They had wooden, bark-like skin, and, instead of stone, turned into dead trees when exposed to sunlight.

'''[[1978]]: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''
:The troll that attempts to enter Balin's Tomb is depicted as a shadowy creature with dark green fur. Unlike in the novel, its feet have toes. It is the only troll seen in the film.

===Games===
'''[[2002]]: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (video game)|The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''
:Like in the film adaptation of ''The Fellowship of the Ring'', a Cave-troll serves as the boss of the "Balin's Tomb" level. A pair of Cave-trolls also serve as the bosses of the "Hornburg Courtyard" level. Also unique to this game are a new breed of troll known as "Forest-trolls", which appear in several levels including "Fangorn Forest" and "Breached Wall".

'''[[2003]]: ''[[The Hobbit (2003 video game)|The Hobbit]]'':'''
:In addition to the three Stone-trolls from the book, a Cave-troll was intended to appear during the "Over Hill and Under Hill" level in the PC and console versions, where it would have served as the level's boss. Even though the encounter was cut from the final version of the game, Bilbo still mentions the troll to Gandalf when he reunites with [[Thorin and Company]], and [[Kili]] informs Bilbo that Trolls are known to live in the Misty Mountains, and hopes Bilbo didn't encounter any while he was separated.<ref>''The Hobbit (2003 video game)'', "Over Hill and Under Hill"</ref>
:Third-party trainer programs for the PC version allow the boss battle to be reintegrated into the game. Like the three Stone-trolls, the Cave-troll would have been capable of speaking [[Westron]], as shown during its introductory cutscene where it complains about having a toothache. Defeating it would have yielded the Troll Key which, in the final version of the game, instead lays on the floor for Bilbo to take without having to kill any of the creatures that guard it.

'''[[2011]]: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''
:Compared to other enemies, Trolls are much stronger. Trolls first appear in [[Fornost]], where one traps [[Eradan (video game character)|Eradan]], [[Andriel]] and [[Farin (video game character)|Farin]].<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], Chapter 1: Fornost, ''Outer Wards''</ref> Another troll appears at the end of the level, where Eradan, Andriel and Farin have to protect [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]]. When this troll is killed, the player is able to enter the Citadel to confront [[Tharzog]] and [[Agandaûr]].<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], Chapter 1: Fornost, ''The Citadel''</ref>

'''[[2014]]: ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]'':'''
:The Udûn and Sea of Nûrnen regions of Mordor are inhabited by large troll-like creatures known as "Olog Graugs". According to their Nature article in the Appendices menu, Sauron intends to use the Graug to crossbreed with ordinary Trolls, and create a new breed of "hill-trolls" that can withstand direct sunlight. Graugs are very rare in the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 versions of the game due to technical limitations, but are more abundant in the PS4, PC, and Xbox One versions.

{{references|notes}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Trolls}}
[[Category:Races]]
[[Category:Races in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Trolls| ]]
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]
[[de:Trolle]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/trolls/trolls]]
[[fi:Peikot]]

Black Númenóreans

2024-10-14T19:56:46Z

Aboehmemason: Added Battle for Middle Earth II Adaptation.

{{people infobox
| name=Black Númenóreans
| image = Brian Durfee - Black Númenóreans.jpg
| caption="[[:File:Brian Durfee - Black Númenóreans.jpg|Black Númenóreans]]" by Brian Durfee
| pronun=
| othernames=Sauronians<ref name=letter>{{L|156}}</ref>
| origin=[[Númenóreans]] seduced and corrupted by [[Sauron]]
| location=The southern lands of [[Middle-earth]], and especially [[Umbar]]
| affiliation=[[King's Men]], [[Sauron]]
| rivalry=[[Exiles of Númenor]], [[Gondorians]]
| language=[[Adûnaic]], [[Westron]]
| members=[[Herumor]], [[Fuinur]], [[Berúthiel]], [[Mouth of Sauron]]
| lifespan=
| distinctions=
| height=
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
The '''Black Númenóreans''' emerged from the [[King's Men]] party;<ref name=Gondor>{{App|Gondor}}, footnote to the paragraph about King Eärnil I, pp. 1044-5</ref> they were cruel oppressors and overlords over the primitive [[Men]] of [[Middle-earth]]. Since they were colonising the continent, they survived the [[Downfall of Númenor]] but swiftly diminished.

==Background==
{{main|King's Men}}
The [[Númenóreans]]' power and knowledge had grown throughout the course of the [[Second Age]], and became increasingly preoccupied with the limits placed on their happiness—and eventually their power—by mortality, the purpose of which they began to question. They started fearing the [[Gift of Men]] and attempted to delay it or recall life. This growing wish to escape death made most of the Númenóreans envious of the immortal [[Eldar]], who they had come to physically resemble. The Eldar sought ever to remind the [[Men of Númenor]] however, that death was a gift of the One God, [[Ilúvatar]], to all men, and the will of Ilúvatar could not be gainsaid.<ref name=Akallabeth>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref>

Nevertheless, after {{SA|2221}}, when [[Tar-Ancalimon]] became [[King of Númenor]], the Númenóreans became divided. The [[King's Men]] turned away from the [[Valar]] and the Eldar and eventually became vulnerable to the corruption of [[Sauron]].<ref name=Akallabeth/><ref>{{L|211}}</ref>

Three of the [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]] were powerful Númenórean lords corrupted by [[Sauron]].<ref name=Akallabeth/> 1000 years before the [[Downfall of Númenor|Downfall]], they served [[Sauron]], being enslaved to his will.

==History==
===Second Age===
====Origin====
Many of the [[King's Men]] who had sailed to the shores and seaward regions in the south of [[Middle-earth]] and established fortresses and dwellings during [[Sauron]]'s sojourn in [[Númenor]] were already bent to the will of Sauron.<ref name=Rings>{{S|Rings}}</ref> As a consequence, the King's Men hated the followers of Elendil. Umbar was the northernmost stronghold of the King's Men.<ref name=Gondor/>

====After the Downfall====
The King's Men were afterwards called the Black Númenóreans.<ref name=Gondor/>

When Sauron returned to Middle-earth after the [[Downfall of Númenor]] many of the Black Númenóreans served him still. Two Black Númenóreans, [[Herumor]] and [[Fuinur]] rose to power among the [[Haradrim]] in the lands south of Mordor.<ref name=Rings/>

As [[Sauron]] was preparing to go to [[War of the Last Alliance|war]] against the [[Elves]] and [[Exiles of Númenor|Exiles]], he gathered great strength of his servants from the south, including many Black Númenóreans.<ref name=Rings/>

The triumph of the [[Last Alliance]] marked the decline of the Black Númenórean race.<ref name=Gondor/> They dwindled swiftly or became merged with the [[Men]] of [[Middle-earth]].<ref name=Gondor/> Although their race dwindled, their descendants retained control over Umbar and inherited their hatred of [[Gondor]].<ref name=Gondor/>

===Decline===
Although they had dwindled, few notable figures still claimed to be of the Black Númenórean race in later times. One of these was [[Berúthiel|Queen Berúthiel]], the "nefarious, solitary, and loveless" wife of [[Gondor|Gondor's]] King [[Tarannon Falastur]], who ruled from {{TA|830}} until {{TA|913}} who had her exiled from Gondor and her name erased from the [[Book of the Kings]].<ref name=Interview>{{webcite|author=[[Daphne Castell]]|articleurl=http://www.festivalintheshire.com/journal1bdx/inttolkien.html|articlename=The Realms of Tolkien|dated=|website=[http://www.festivalintheshire.com/journal1bdx/index.html ''Festival in the Shire Journal'', Issue 1]|accessed=7 May 2012}}</ref><ref>[[Humphrey Carpenter]], ''[[The Inklings (book)|The Inklings]]'', "Thursday evenings", pp. 137-8</ref><ref>{{UT|Istari}}, note 7</ref>

In {{TA|933}},<ref>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 933, p. 1085</ref> [[Kings of Gondor|King]] [[Eärnil I]] captured [[Umbar]], driving the lords of Umbar into exile.<ref name=Eärnil>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnil I, p. 1044</ref> 82 years later, in {{TA|1015}},<ref name=Ciryandil>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 1015, p. 1085</ref> these lords led the [[Haradrim]] in a siege of Umbar<ref name=Eärnil/> during which King [[Ciryandil]] of Gondor, the son of Eärnil I, was killed.<ref name=Ciryandil/><ref group=note>It is not known if these lords were Black Númenóreans. It seems plausible, because they were still alive in T.A. 1015, 82 years after they had been driven out from Umbar in T.A. 933, which suggests they had a considerable longevity.</ref>

Another more notable Black Númenórean was the [[Mouth of Sauron]]. He "entered the service of the [[Barad-dûr|Dark Tower]] when it first rose again" and learned great sorcery and had forgotten his own name.<ref name=Gate>{{RK|Gate}}, p. 888</ref><ref group=note>It has been noted that this reference is difficult to interpret; according to [[Appendix B]] the Dark Tower arose first some time after {{SA|3320}} and again in {{TA|2951}}. If the Mouth lived in the [[Second Age]], he would be one of the King's Men of Númenor, and probably prolonged his life with sorcery (cf. {{HM|Guide}}, entry '''Mouth of Sauron''', p. 274); in the second interpretation he would serve [[Sauron]] only for 68 years, and this would make him a Black Númenórean of the Third Age of Umbar or [[Harad]]. The second interpretation is more feasible (and supported by [[Michael Martinez]]) but both have been considered.</ref> He mocked the army of [[Aragorn|King Elessar]] in front of the [[Morannon]].<ref name=Gate/>

At the time of [[Gandalf]]'s travels to Harad, the settlements of the Men of Númenor on the coasts in the south beyond [[Umbar]] had been absorbed or had been made by Men who had already been corrupted by Sauron in Númenor and had become hostile and parts of Sauron's dominions. The southern regions of Harad in touch with Gondor were probably more convertible to the resistance against Sauron, but also places where Sauron was busy to gather man-power for his wars against Gondor.<ref>{{UT|Istari}}</ref> As a consequence, it is possible that the Men of Númenor in Umbar had not been absorbed by the Men of Harad.

==Culture==
The Black Númenóreans were "enamoured of evil knowledge" and worshipped [[Sauron]].<ref name=Gate/> They hated the followers of Elendil and their realm Gondor. After the fall of Sauron in the [[War of the Last Alliance]] their race dwindled swiftly or became merged with the Men of Middle-earth.<ref name=Gondor/> It is not known, whether this dwindling meant that their lifespan and knowledge dwindled like that of the Dúnedain of Gondor or that their numbers dwindled.

It is possible that [[Faramir]] was referring to the King's Men or the Black Númenóreans, when he said that most of the Men of Númenor who settled far and wide on the shores and seaward regions of Middle-earth fell into eviles and follies: many became enamoured of the Darkness and of black arts, some were fully idle and lived at ease and some fought each other until they were conquered by the wild men when they were weak.<ref>{{TT|Window}}, p. 677</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==

'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II: The Rise of the Witch-king]]'':'''
:The Black Númenóreans inhabit the land of [[Angmar]] and the [[Witch-king]] turns their allegiance to him to help fight against [[Arnor]]. The Black Númenóreans are playable units as well as their counterparts, Dark Rangers and Thrall Masters.

[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Black Númenórean.jpg|thumb|A typical Black Númenórean in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The Black Númenóreans are portrayed in service of the different Lieutenants of the Enemy. The ''Angmarim'' inhabit the lands surrounding [[Carn Dum]] in Angmar and serve [[Mordirith]] and later [[Amarthiel]]. Much later, ''Umbarrim'' Black Númenóreans make appearance in [[Dol Guldur]] of [[Mirkwood]]. When the lands of [[Mordor]] are explored following the downfall of [[Sauron]], Black Númenórean cultists known as ''Mordorrim'' are shown to be among its inhabitants.

'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''
:[[Agandaûr]], the game's main antagonist, is a Black Númenórean<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.warinthenorth.com/index.php/the-game/enemies|articlename=Enemies|dated=|website=www.warinthenorth.com|accessed=15 February 2012}}</ref> as is the minor character [[Wulfrun]], lieutenant of [[Carn Dûm]].

{{notes}}
{{references}}
[[Category:Black Númenóreans| ]]
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]
[[de:Schwarze Númenorer]]
[[fi:Mustat númenorilaiset]]

The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II: The Rise of the Witch-king

2024-10-14T19:41:13Z

Aboehmemason: Updated the campaign details. Added section differnces between literature and games. Fixed references.

{{expansion}}
{{disambig-more|The Lord of the Rings|[[The Lord of the Rings (disambiguation)]]}}
{{video game infobox
| image = ROTWK.jpg
| name=The Lord of the Rings The Battle for Middle-earth II The Rise of the Witch-king
| developer=[[Electronic Arts]]
| publisher=[[Electronic Arts]]
| platform=Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360
| releasedate=November 28, 2006
| genre=Real-time strategy
| modes=
| rating=
| distribution=
}}
'''The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II - The Rise of the Witch-king''' is a real-time strategy computer game published by Electronic Arts. It is the expansion pack to [[EA's The Battle for Middle-earth II|The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]], from the same company. It was announced during The San Diego Comic-Con of 2006.

==Campaign==
The campaign consists of seven levels and one epilogue where you play as the faction of Angmar, led by the [[Witch-king]]. The campaign is set in [[Angmar]] and [[Arnor]]. The story of the campaign begins with the Witch-king’s uniting of the [[Black Númenóreans]] and [[trolls]], led by the troll captain Rhogash, to create a massive army to fight against Arnor. The fortress of [[Carn Dûm]] is rebuilt and the lands of [[Rhudaur]] are attacked. There the hillman lord Hwaldar joins them, and they slay king [[Argeleb I]].

The Witch-king attacks [[Amon Sûl]] and king [[Arveleg I]] flees with the [[Palantír]]. The Witch-king sends his lieutenant Morgomir to pursue him. Arveleg I destroys the seeing stone and the forces of Angmar gather the broken shards, which they use to harness power from.

The armies of Angmar go to the [[Barrow Downs]] to seize the land and goad the forces of [[Cardolan]] into battle. They kill the prince of Cardolan and then the Elves of [[Lindon]], [[Rivendell]] and [[Lórien]] join forces and attack Carn Dûm. Angmar resists then sends Black Númenórean sorcerers to the Downs to corrupt the souls of the dead. The Arnorian captain Carthaen is killed and turned to a [[wight]] lord named Karsh.
The Witch-king finally assaults the capital of [[Fornost]] and kills king [[Arvedui]]. He is victorious as the campaign ends.

''Epilogue''

There is an optional epilogue you can play where Prince [[Eärnur]], [[Glorfindel]] and [[Elrond]] attack the Witch-king as he flees into the land of Angmar. They defeat him and the Witch-king flees from them. Glorfindel warns Eärnur not to pursue him and says that his doom is far off.

==Differences from The Battle for Middle-earth II==
There are several improvements. The main improvement is the new faction, [[Angmar]]. Other improvements to the game include the new [[Trolls|Olog-Hai]] class of custom hero, improvements to the existing factions, and new hero units. The three sub-classes of Olog-Hai are the Great Troll, the Troll in the previous game, the Snow Troll, and the Hill Troll. The Good and Evil campaigns have been replaced with the single Angmar campaign. There have also been numerous improvements to the War of the Ring and Skirmish battles.
The hero units belong to all of the previous factions only. The hero units are listed as such: Zealots ([[Dwarves]]), Knights of Dol Amroth ([[Men]]), Noldor Warriors ([[Elves]]), Black Orcs ([[Mordor]]), [[Uruk-hai|Uruk Death Bringers]] ([[Isengard]]), and Fire Drake Broods ([[Orcs|Goblins]]). The hero units have a limit of only one to three allowed, depending on which type. Like the heroes, the hero units learn skills at certain levels, although not as many. They can heal like heroes, but if a single member dies, it will not respawn unless you either produce a new one or use the Heal power.

==Differences Between the Game and the Literature==

The majority of the game is accurate to the books, but a few new characters were created or named. A few events happen differently and the narrator for the game’s cutscenes has a slightly inaccurate pronunciation of some of the names.

* The game states the Witch-king came to Angmar during the reign of the eighth king. However, in the books, [[Malvegil]], was king when the Witch-king first arrived in S.A. 1300, and he was the sixth king of [[Arthedain]]. <ref name="eriador">{{App|Eriador}}</ref>
* The game states that the regions near Angmar were the home of the Black Númenóreans. However, these men were never explicitly stated to have ventured so far north. The potential for them to be so far may have been based on Faramir’s discussion to Frodo and Sam about the history of [[Gondor]] and [[Númenor]] <ref>{{TT|Window}}</ref> {{rp|677}} or taking the arrival of “many evil men” in Appendix A to mean Black Númenóreans. <ref name="eriador"/> The game lists the units as Black Númenóreans or Thrall Masters.
* The game has the Witch-king capture the already existing Black Númenórean factions in the north as well as the snow trolls and wolves. It is not known in the books his exact methods of raising the armies of Angmar. <ref name="eriador"/>
* In the game, Carn Dûm, the main fortress of the Witch-king <ref>{{UT|Index}}, entry ''Carn Dûm''</ref> was found at first in ruin. The Witch-king rebuilt it and made it the capital of Angmar. In the books, it is not certain if Carn Dûm existed before the Witch-king’s arrival or if he built it then.
* The game has trolls as a large part of the Witch-king’s army. While it was probable that trolls could be part of his army, due to Angmar’s proximity to the [[Ettenmoors]], it was not directly stated. They could be a part of the “other fell creatures” mentioned in Appendix A. <ref name="eriador"/>
* The game gives a name to the evil lord of the hillman in Rhudaur <ref name="eriador"/>, calling him Hwaldar. The game also states that Argeleb captured Hwaldar, but this was to set up the game’s level. Additionally, the game makes Hwaldar a leading commander of the Witch-king’s army.
* The game states that the chief palantír of the north in Amon Sûl <ref name="eriador"/> was used by Arveleg I to resist the Witch-king for years. This is not stated in the books, but it is not impossible to have occurred.
* The exact army tactics of the battle of Amon Sûl either differ or have their own strategies inserted. The game has [[Mallorn]] trees around the location that give magic powers to the structure. Also in the game, Arveleg I survives the assault and is the one to flee with the palantír. He is killed on the road instead, and after the Witch-king sends his lieutenant to recover the stone, the palantír is destroyed. Firstly, in the books, Arveleg I is killed in the assault. <ref name="eriador"/> Secondly, the Palantir may also have been too heavy to carry alone as Arveleg I did in the game. Lastly, the palantíri could not be destroyed by any weapon the men at that time possessed. <ref name="ut">{{UT|Palantiri}}</ref> Nor was that Palantir destroyed. <ref name="eriador"/>
* In the game, the black Númenóreans sorcerers gather and channel the power of the now broken palantír pieces.
* The game makes no mention of Araphor, or his deeds. <ref name="eriador"/>
* The game has the elvish armies of Lindon, Rivendell and Lórien assault Carn Dûm itself. This was not explicitly stated in the books. Only that the elves held back Angmar for a while. <ref name="eriador"/>
* The game has Angmar’s troops come back to the Downs and reanimate those in the tombs to be wights. In the books, “evil spirts” come from out of Angmar and Rhudaur to enter in the deserted mounds, rather than be reanimated by Black Númenorean sorcerers. On the first mission, the game has prince of Cardolan killed at these downs. This could be the prince who’s tomb Frodo might have fallen into. During this time, a new character called Captain Carthaen comes to resist Angmar’s corruption of the barrow souls but is killed and turned into the wight lord Karsh to help in their battles. <ref name="eriador"/>
* The [[Great Plague]] that in the books comes from the South of Gondor <ref name="eriador"/>, is not mentioned. The game states the Witch-king’s plague spread far over the lands, but this was likely a phrase of speech.
* In the game, King Arvedui is killed in the battle of Fornost instead of later on a ship to the north as in the books. <ref name="eriador"/>
* In the epilogue of the game, Elrond accompanies Eärnur and Glorfindel to defeat the Witch-king as he flees. In the books, Elrond was not stated to have gone with them, but it is not impossible. There are also knights of [[Dol Amroth]] present at this battle in the game, despite there being no direct mention of them in the books at this battle. Eärnur was said however, to have been accompanied by great knights. <ref name=Appendix>{{App|A1iv}}</ref>
* New characters include: the troll leader Rhogash, the Witch-king’s lieutenant Morgomir, and Prince Carthaen who becomes the wight Karsh.

==Additional voice cast==
{| class="wikitable"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Role !! Actor
|-
| [[Arveleg I|Arveleg]] || [[Cam Clarke]]
|-
| [[Carthean]]/[[Karsh]] || [[Jason Connery]]
|-
| [[Azog]] || [[Rob Dean]]
|-
| [[Dáin Ironfoot]] || [[Bob Joles]]
|-
| Morgomir || [[Keith Ferguson]]
|-
| [[Hwaldar]] || [[Lloyd Sherr]]
|-
|}

{{References}}
{{Videogames}}
{{title|italics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Battle for Middle-earth II Rise of the Witch-king}}
[[Category:EA Games]]
[[Category:Microsoft Windows games]]
[[Category:Real-time strategy games]]
[[Category:Xbox 360 games]]
[[Category:The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth (video game series)]]

[[de:Die Schlacht um Mittelerde]]

Witch-king

2024-10-13T14:53:17Z

Aboehmemason: Added information about a game expansion where the Witch-King is the main character.

{{infobox character
| name=The Witch-king of Angmar
| image=Melissa Hitchcock - The Black Captain.jpg
| caption="The Black Captain" by [[:Category:Images by Melissa Hitchcock|Melissa Hitchcock]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Black Captain, Chief of the Nine, [[Dwimmerlaik]]
| titles=King of Angmar Lord of Minas Morgul
| position=Lord of the [[Nazgûl]]
| location=[[Angmar]] [[Minas Morgul]]
| affiliation=[[Nazgûl]] [[Eye of Sauron]]
| language=[[Black Speech]], [[Westron]]
| birth=Before {{SA|2251}}
| birthlocation=Unknown
| rule={{TA|1300}} - {{TA|1975|n}} (in Angmar) {{TA|2002}} - {{TA|3019|n}} (in Minas Morgul)
| death=[[15 March]], {{TA|3019}}
| deathlocation=[[Pelennor Fields]]
| age=4209+
| notablefor=[[Arnor#The Fall of Arthedain|Fall of Arnor]] Establishing [[Angmar]] Fall of [[Minas Ithil]] and [[Osgiliath]] Deaths of [[Eärnur]], [[Boromir (Steward of Gondor)|Boromir]], and [[Théoden]] Stabbing [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]]
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| people=[[Men|Man]] (early) [[Wraiths|Wraith]] (later)
| gender=Male
| height=Tallest of the Nazgûl
| hair=Gleaming
| eyes=Fiery red
| clothing=Crown
| weapons=[[Morgul-knife]]; [[Black Breath]]; A great black mace
| steed=Black horse; [[Fell beasts|Fell Beast]]
| gallery=the Witch-king
}}
{{quote|In rode the Lord of the Nazgûl. A great black shape against the fires beyond he loomed up, grown to a vast menace of despair. In rode the Lord of the Nazgûl, under the archway that no enemy ever yet had passed, and all fled before his face.|''[[The Return of the King]]'', "[[The Siege of Gondor]]"}}

The '''Witch-king of Angmar''' was the chief of the [[Nazgûl]], King of [[Angmar]] and [[Sauron]]'s great captain in his wars. A [[Wraiths|wraith]], the Witch-king of Angmar was nearly indestructible, a terrifying warrior, and a cunning strategist.

==History==
[[File:Catherine Chmiel - The King of Nazgûl.jpg|thumb|left|''The King of Nazgûl'' by [[:Category:Images by Catherine Karina Chmiel|Catherine Chmiel]]]]
Some time after Sauron seized the [[Rings of Power]] in the [[Sack of Eregion]], {{SA|1697}} he gave [[Nine Rings|nine of them]] to [[Men|Mannish]] kings, sorcerers and other warriors.<ref>{{S|Rings}}, p. 289</ref> With the power of their rings, the Nine achieved glory and grew wealthy, but they eventually started hating life as they were slowly drawn under Sauron’s dominion. In the end, they all became the dreadful [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]].

The one later known as the Witch-king<ref group="note">According to the [[Oxford English Dictionary]] the oldest meaning of ''witch'' is "a man who practices witchcraft or magic; a magician, sorcerer, wizard"</ref> was a sorcerer,<ref>{{FR|Council}}, p. 257</ref><ref name="RK|Siege">{{RK|Siege}}, p. 819</ref> probably<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 20 citing from J.R.R. Tolkien's manuscript of ''Nomenclature'' "he was probably (like the Lieutenant of Barad-dur [the Mouth of Sauron]) of Numenorean descent"</ref> one of the unnamed three lords of [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] race, who accepted one of the Rings of Power.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref> He first appeared in the histories as a Ringwraith in {{SA|2251}}. Being the most powerful of the Nazgûl, he became their chief and the most feared servant of his master Sauron.

When [[Mordor]] fell in {{SA|3441}}, the Nazgûl vanished into the shadows and were not heard of again for a long time.<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 3441, p. 1084</ref>

===Early power in Angmar===
More than a thousand years later, in c. {{TA|1050|n}} of the [[Third Age]], [[Sauron]] began to rebuild his power in [[Dol Guldur]]. In c. {{TA|1300|n}} his Nazgûl also reappeared and the Witch-king established his realm, [[Angmar]], in the north.<ref>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 1300, p. 1086</ref> His capital was [[Carn Dûm]], on the northernmost peak of the [[Misty Mountains]]. He summoned men, [[orcs]] and other creatures of evil inclination to his banner. No one knew that he was actually a servant of the long-dormant [[Sauron]] and few that he was a wraith.<ref name="Malvegil">{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Malvegil, p. 1040</ref>

In the north, disunity plagued the [[Dúnedain]] of [[Arnor]]. They had divided into three kingdoms: [[Cardolan]], [[Rhudaur]] and [[Arthedain]], and were constantly at war with one another.<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', p. 1039</ref> The Witch-king saw the North-kingdom of Arnor as more vulnerable than the South-kingdom of Gondor.<ref name="Malvegil" /> He played upon their opposition, sending in infiltrators and taking over the hearts of the men of that land. By {{TA|1349|n}}, the government of Rhudaur was controlled by men secretly in his service,<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, entry for [[Malvegil]], pp. 193-194</ref> and he secretly aided them in their wars against the other kingdoms.<ref name="Argeleb">{{PM|Elendil}}, entry for [[Argeleb I]], p. 194</ref> He then struck at a time of great hostility among the three, in {{TA|1409|n}}. Rhudaur in the east fell first, and most of the Dúnedain there were hunted down and slaughtered by sorcerers.<ref name="Arveleg">{{PM|Elendil}}, entry for [[Arveleg I]], p. 194</ref> Cardolan was ravaged and its [[last prince of Cardolan|last prince]] slain;<ref>{{HM|RC}}, "Fog on the Barrow-downs", pp. 144-5; Index, 'Cardolan, [[Last prince of Cardolan|last prince of]]'</ref> the tower of [[Weathertop|Amon Sûl]], held by the men of Arthedain, was placed under siege. King [[Arveleg I]] was slain and the tower was destroyed, but the coveted ''[[Amon Sûl-stone|palantír]]'' escaped in the hands of the surviving men of Arthedain and was brought to [[Fornost]].<ref name="Palantiri16">{{UT|14a}}, Note 16, p. 413</ref>

The Witch-king continued to press the men of Arthedain, laying siege to Fornost, and he might have taken over all of Arnor in that one offensive. But [[Araphor]], the 18-year-old son of Arveleg, came to leadership and, with the help of the ancient elf [[Círdan]] of [[Lindon]], repelled the Witch-king’s forces at Fornost and the [[North Downs]].<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Araphor, p. 1040</ref> [[Elrond]] brought an army of [[Elves]] from [[Rivendell]] and [[Lothlórien]], and the Witch-king was pushed back and subdued.

===Twilight of Angmar===
The Witch-king sat silent in Carn Dûm, rebuilding his armies and preparing for a final assault on [[Arthedain]], last of the Arnorian kingdoms. The [[Great Plague]] came and went in {{TA|1636|n}}, taking with it the last of the Dúnedain of [[Cardolan]]. The Witch-king sent [[barrow-wights]] to inhabit the barrows in [[Barrow-downs|Tyrn Gorthad]].<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Argeleb II, p. 1041</ref> In {{TA|1974|n}}, he felt that his power was sufficiently restored to begin the advance.

His attack was sudden, but not unexpected. King [[Arvedui]] sent a message to King [[Eärnil II]] of [[Gondor]] the year before, but help did not arrive in time. [[Fornost Erain]] fell, and the Witch-king took up residence there in the palace.<ref name="Eärnil">{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnil II, p. 1051</ref> Arvedui held out as best as he might on the [[North Downs]], but at last fled north with the treasured ''[[palantíri]]'' of [[Amon Sûl-stone|Amon Sûl]] and [[Annúminas-stone|Annúminas]]. He would not return, for he perished in a shipwreck in {{TA|1975|n}}. With him the ''palantíri'' were lost forever in the icy seas of [[Forod]]. The already-diminished North-kingdom ended, and [[Arnor]] fell.<ref name="Arvedui">{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Arvedui and entry for Chieftain Aranarth, pp. 1041-3</ref>

Meanwhile, a coalition in the south had formed. Eärnil sent his son, [[Eärnur]], north with a great fleet, all that Gondor could spare. They arrived at [[Lindon]] and joined with the folk of Círdan. Círdan summoned all that would come: surviving Dúnedain of Arnor and elves of Lindon.<ref name="Eärnil" /> Even a company of [[Hobbits|hobbit]] archers went to their aide.<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Arvedui, p. 1042</ref> The Witch-king had grown overconfident and, instead of staying behind his fortifications, initiated the attack. The [[Battle of Fornost]] was fought on the plain between [[Nenuial]] and the North Downs. The Witch-king may not have anticipated the strength brought against him, but for whatever reason the alliance gained the upper hand. His army began to fall back toward Fornost, but Eärnur’s magnificent horsemen struck from the north and the Witch-king was routed.<ref name="Eärnil" />

He decided to flee to Angmar and the safety of Carn Dûm, but the cavalry, with Eärnur himself in the lead, overtook him. Moreover, the ranks of the allies swelled, as an army of elves from [[Rivendell]] came led by the mighty hero of old, [[Glorfindel]]. Angmar was purged of men and orcs, and all seemed lost for the Witch-king in the face of such numbers. But the Witch-king himself came at the last, robed and masked in black and riding a black horse, and attempted to kill Eärnur with his own hands. But Eärnur’s horse shied away and fled, and the Witch-king laughed. But Glorfindel came on his white horse, and faced with such power the Witch-king fled. He vanished into the shadows and no-one marked where he had gone.<ref name="Eärnil" />

Eärnur wanted to pursue, but Glorfindel held him back and made his famous prophecy.

{{Blockquote|He will not return to this land. Far off yet is his doom, and not by the hand of man will he fall.|Glorfindel, ''[[The Return of the King]]'', [[Appendix A]] (iv)}}

===Lord of Minas Morgul===
[[File:Alan Lee - The Witch-king.jpg|thumb|''The Witch-king'' by [[Alan Lee]]]]
The Witch-king escaped to [[Mordor]], and gathered the other Ringwraiths about him in {{TA|1980|n}}. Angmar and Carn Dûm were lost, and so in {{TA|2000|n}} the Ringwraiths began a [[Second Fall of Minas Ithil|two-year siege]] of [[Minas Ithil]], eventually capturing the place and turning it into his residence. The wraiths sent an aura of fear in [[Gondor]], and much of [[Ithilien]] was deserted.<ref name="gondor" />

Eärnur succeeded his father as King of Gondor, and still held the Witch-king in especial hostility due to his humiliation at the Battle of Fornost. [[Third Age 2043|The year]] of his coronation the Witch-king sent him a taunting challenge, but [[Mardil]] the [[steward]] restrained Eärnur from rash action. [[Third Age 2050|Seven years later]] the challenge was repeated, and Eärnur rode with a small escort to Minas Morgul; none ever returned, and there was no longer a King in Gondor.<ref name="gondor">{{App|Gondor}}</ref>

After this the Witch-king bided his time. He and the Nazgûl built up their armies, including the terrible new orc-race of [[Uruks]]. In {{TA|2475|n}} he sent them out to capture [[Osgiliath]], which they did successfully. They were driven out by [[Boromir (Steward of Gondor)|Boromir]], [[Ruling Steward|Steward]] of [[Gondor]], who led campaigns to recapture Ithilien, but Osgiliath now lay completely in ruins and the region was left devastated and depopulated. Boromir was a great captain, and even the Witch-king feared him, but he was felled by a Morgul-wound and his rule was but twelve years.<ref>{{App|Stewards}}, entry for Steward Boromir, p. 1053</ref>

===Hunt for the Ring===
Sauron declared himself openly in {{TA|2951|n}}, and sent three of his Ringwraiths to [[Dol Guldur]] (though the Witch-king was left in Minas Morgul). Then, by lucky chance, the creature [[Gollum]] was captured and interrogated. Under torture, the wretched creature revealed the tale of [[the One Ring]] and how it came to be in his possession. But from his words, Sauron misunderstood that the land of the hobbits who stole the Ring was on the banks of the [[Gladden River]], whence Gollum originally came from.<ref name="thirteen">{{UT|Hunt}}, p. 338-341</ref> Sauron sent the Nine, under the leadership of the Witch-king, invisible and uncloaked, to search for the Ring after the assault of Osgiliath.

[[Khamûl]], the Witch-king’s lieutenant, reported that he was unable to find the “[[the Shire|Shire]]” in the vales of [[Anduin]]. The Witch-king was determined to search north and west until Gollum was found, or the Shire. But plans were halted when Sauron received word of the events in Gondor and the doings of the turncoat [[Saruman]], and concluded that the Wise did not yet have possession of the Ring. He sent the Ringwraiths to [[Isengard]] in the form of [[Nazgûl|Black Riders]], and as they passed through Rohan their terror was so great that many fled the land, believing the Riders heralded an invasion.

They arrived at Isengard too late to prevent the escape of the captured wizard [[Gandalf]]; Saruman realized he had been revealed as a traitor to both sides due to his transparent lust for the Ring, and having no chance of deceiving Sauron any further, fortified himself in Isengard. The Witch-king did not have enough power with him to assault Saruman in his great fortress. He demanded the Wizard come forth, but received only the voice of Saruman. Nonetheless cunning and wary, Saruman convinced the Witch-king that Gandalf alone knew where the Shire and the Ring were, and so the Nine went out in search of him.<ref name="thirteen" />

The Ringwraiths came upon the traitor called [[Gríma|Wormtongue]] and questioned him. The terrified man told them everything he knew; that Gandalf had passed through Rohan, where the Shire was, and even that Saruman had lied to them. The Witch-king spared Wormtongue’s life, foreseeing that Wormtongue would bring ruin to Saruman. He divided his wraiths into four pairs, and went with the swiftest to [[Minhiriath]]. Along the way they captured several spies of Saruman, and found to their delight charts and maps of the Shire. They sent along the spy to [[Bree]], warning them that they now belonged to Mordor, not Saruman.<ref name="thirteen" />
[[File:Francesco Amadio - Amon Sul.jpg|thumb|left|220px|''Amon Sul'' by [[:Category:Images by Francesco Amadio|Francesco Amadio]]]]
They came to [[Sarn Ford]], but the [[Dúnedain]] [[Rangers of the North|Rangers]] prevented them from crossing. The Rangers sent for their captain, [[Aragorn II]], as he was away, but defeating the Nazgûl was a task beyond the power of the Dúnedain, and may have been so even had Aragorn been present; the Ringwraiths attacked at night, capturing the ford and killing many of the Rangers. A few survivors fled northward to warn Aragorn of the wraiths' approach, but were pursued and slain or driven off into the wilds.<ref name="thirteen" /> The Witch-king sent three Ringwraiths under Khamûl into the Shire while he went east with the others.<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3018, September 22, p. 1091</ref> But they had come too late: the Ring had moved on in the hands of a hobbit, [[Frodo Baggins]].<ref name="Knife">{{FR|Knife}}</ref>

===Pursuit of the Ring===
Khamûl was unsuccessful, but brought word from the spy they had spared in Bree. The man had witnessed a vanishing act on Frodo's part, and had organized an attack on the inn. The Witch-king assumed that Frodo would head east to [[Rivendell]], and sent four wraiths to [[Weathertop]],<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 164-6</ref> the ruins of the tower he had destroyed long ago. He went south along the [[Greenway]] and discovered nothing. Gandalf followed them, but the Witch-king let him slip ahead, and attacked him on Weathertop. Gandalf escaped at dawn, and again the Witch-king divided his force and sent four after the wizard while he and Khamûl remained near Weathertop to watch it.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 167-8</ref>

The chieftain of the Dúnedain, Aragorn II, had become the guide of the hobbits, and led them to Weathertop, where they were spotted and attacked by the Ringwraiths led by the Witch-king. The Witch-king advanced on Frodo, and the terrified hobbit put on the Ring, seeing the wraiths as they truly were. The Witch-king was taller than the others, with long hair and a crown set on his helm. When Frodo resisted the wraith's approach, and invoked the name of [[Varda|Elbereth]], the Witch-king stabbed Frodo in the shoulder.<ref name="Knife" /> The tip of his [[Morgul-knife|blade]] broke off and remained in Frodo's shoulder.<ref>{{FR|Meetings}}, pp. 221-2</ref> Then Aragorn counterattacked with flaming brands.<ref name="Knife" /> The Witch-king departed with the other Nazgûl, believing that his objective was completed.

He resumed the pursuit quickly, though,<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', pp. 180-1</ref> and found that Khamûl had been driven from the [[Last Bridge]] by his old enemy [[Glorfindel]]. The Witch-king, who only had one companion with him, was likewise unable to confront him openly.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 194</ref> They regrouped and went south, rejoining with the other four. They managed to pick up the trail of the company of the Ring, and despite hindrance from Glorfindel and Aragorn managed to pursue Frodo alone on [[Asfaloth]]. The pursuit came to the [[Ford of Bruinen]], and there Frodo compelled the horse to stop. The Witch-king saw his defiance and laughed, breaking his sword with a movement of his hand. But the waters of the [[Bruinen]] rose at [[Elrond]]'s command, sweeping the Nine downstream.<ref name="fourteen">{{FR|Flight}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 195-6</ref>

===War of the Ring===
[[File:Angus McBride - Gandalf facing Witch-king.gif|thumb|''Gandalf facing the Witch-king'' by [[Angus McBride]]]]
The Witch-king took the only surviving horse back to [[Mordor]], arriving there in December. In addition, help was sent to the other eight Nazgûl when they were on their way back.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from a manuscript of The Hunt for the Ring, p. 262</ref> In [[Minas Morgul]] they prepared for a grand invasion of [[Gondor]] at the order of their master. The Witch-king was given by Sauron added "demonic" force.<ref name="fifteen">{{L|210}}, p. 272</ref> On 10 March {{TA|3019|n}},<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, March 10, p. 1093</ref> the signal was given and Minas Morgul was emptied. The Witch-king rode at the head of the army clothed in black with a crown on his hooded head. As the Witch-king passed out of the gates of the dead city in the direction of Ithilien, he stopped, probably sensing the presence of [[the One Ring]], but he continued riding down the road after a while.<ref name="Stairs" />

The army from Minas Morgul commanded by the Witch-king was reinforced by regiments of [[Haradrim]] outnumbered the forces of [[Faramir]], [[Ruling Steward|Steward]] [[Denethor|Denethor II]]'s son, who defended the fords over the river [[Anduin]] at [[Osgiliath]] ten times and soon managed to cross the river in a large numbers of floats and barges, which they had secretly built on the eastern side of Osgiliath on the eastern side of the river. As a consequence, Faramir retreated with his men to the [[Causeway Forts]] at the [[Rammas Echor]].<ref name="Siege">{{RK|Siege}}, p. 817</ref> The Rammas Echor was breached, and the [[Pelennor Fields]] were overrun. Other wraiths he sent out mounted on [[Fell beasts]]. Faramir was wounded by a dart and the [[Black Breath|black breath]], but his company was saved by a sortie. Then the Witch-king laid siege to [[Minas Tirith]] itself, sending fire and the heads of the dead Gondorians into the city via catapults. Then he launched the assault.

He sent [[Grond (battering ram)|Grond]] out first, accompanying it in person so as to be the first to enter the city. Three times Grond struck the gate, empowered by the sorcery of the Witch-king. The third time the Gate shattered in a flash of fire. The Witch-king passed into Minas Tirith, but was confronted by Gandalf on [[Shadowfax]]. Gandalf forbade him entry, but the Witch-king laughed and put on a show of power.

{{Blockquote|The Black Rider flung back his hood, and behold! he had a kingly crown; and yet upon no head visible was it set. The red fires shone between it and the mantled shoulders vast and dark. From a mouth unseen there came a deadly laughter. 'Old fool!' he said. 'Old fool! This is my hour. Do you not know Death when you see it? Die now and curse in vain!' And with that he lifted high his sword and flames ran down the blade.|''[[The Return of the King]]'', "[[The Siege of Gondor]]"}}

===Fall===
[[File:Alarie - Eowyn and the Witchking 2.jpg|thumb|left|''Éowyn and the Witch-king'' by [[:Category:Images by Alarie|Alarie]]]]
As Gandalf stood resolute before the Witch-king, the [[Rohirrim]] arrived. Thus he departed, mounting a fell beast and descending upon King [[Théoden]] who led the attack. [[Snowmane]], the King's horse, collapsed with a dart in the side, and Théoden was crushed beneath him. But the rider [[Dernhelm]] defied the Witch-king. The Witch-king threatened Dernhelm with a terrible death, but the rider revealed that she was a woman, [[Éowyn]], and the Witch-king remembered the words of Glorfindel. He hesitated, but then moved forward. Éowyn decapitated the fell beast, but the Witch-king rose and struck her down with his mace, breaking her shield-arm. Then the hobbit [[Meriadoc Brandybuck]] stabbed him in the sinew of his leg with the [[Daggers of Westernesse|blade of Westernesse]] (though there was much pain in Meriadoc's arm afterwards), as he drew back to kill the woman. Then Éowyn rose and drove her sword through where his invisible head was, and the sword broke as his crown toppled. The Witch-king gave a great and horrible wail, perishing at last (in the [[Letters]] it is said he was “reduced to impotence”).<ref name="Pelennor">{{RK|Battle}}</ref>

So the prophecy of Glorfindel was fulfilled, for the Witch-king did not fall at the hands of a man, but that of [[Éowyn|a woman]]; and not by a [[Men|Man]] but [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|a Halfling]]. With his defeat, and the coming of Aragorn II in the black ships, the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]] was lost by Sauron.

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In the early versions of the story, the Witch-king was planned to survive the Pelennor Fields battle and appear as the ambassador at the [[Black Gate]] instead of the [[Mouth of Sauron]].<ref>{{WR|3|XIII}}</ref> In early manuscripts he even survived after [[Frodo]] has thrown the Ring in [[Sammath Naur]], blocking the door and saying: “Here we all end together”. At this point, either Sam appears at his back and stabs him, or Frodo commands him to follow the Ring leaping into the Chasm of Fire.<ref>{{SD|1|Mordor}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, “[[Mount Doom]]”</ref>

In the rare manuscript ''[[The Hunt for the Ring|The Hunt for the Ring: Time Scheme - Black Riders]]'', Tolkien speculates that the Witch-King might be afraid of Frodo, as he invoked [[Elbereth]] (a “name of terror for the Nazgûl”) and he could have slain the Barrow-wight.<ref name="RC">{{HM|RC}}, "Flight to the Ford", p. 180</ref>

The Witch-king was originally introduced in the story as the Wizard King during the development of [[The Council of Elrond]] chapter<ref>{{TI|VI}}</ref> and was later said by Gandalf to be not only the captain of the [[Black Riders]] but a former member of his own [[Istari|order]] before "evil took him".<ref>{{WR|3|VI}}</ref>

==Etymology==
While in modern English ''witch'' has mostly female connotations, referring to a hag or sorceress, in middle-English
''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witch_(word) wicche]'' had no gender distinction; the preference of ''witch'' for female persons (the males referred more usually as ''wizzards'') evolved later through the centuries. Tolkien uses the archaic, gender-unspecific meaning of the term, which was "a man who practises witchcraft or magic; a magician, sorcerer or wizard".<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 21 citing from the 'Oxford English Dictionary'</ref>

==Other names==
*Witch-king of Angmar<ref>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnil II, p. 1050</ref> - "Witch" most likely coming from his background in sorcery, and "king" after his establishment of the realm of Angmar in 1300.
*Witch-lord of Angmar<ref>{{FR|Hobbits}}, p. 5</ref>
*Lord of the Nazgûl<ref>{{RK|Siege}}, p. 819 and p. 829</ref><ref>{{RK|Battle}}, pp. 839-40</ref>
*Lord of the Ringwraiths<ref>{{RK|Tower}}, p. 900</ref><ref>{{RK|Shadow}}, p. 919</ref>
*Chieftain of the Ringwraiths<ref>{{UT|Black}}</ref>
*Lord of the Nine Riders<ref name="Stairs">{{TT|Stairs}}, p. 706</ref>
*King of the Nine Riders<ref>{{TT|Stairs}}, p. 708</ref>
*Wraith-lord<ref name="Stairs" />
*Wraith-king<ref>{{TT|Stairs}}, p. 707</ref>
*High Nazgûl<ref>{{TT|Choices}}, p. 738</ref>
*King of Minas Morgul<ref name="Eärnur">{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnur, p. 1052</ref>
*Lord of Morgul<ref name="Eärnur" />
*Morgul-lord<ref>{{FR|Meetings}}, p. 220</ref>
*Black Captain<ref>{{RK|Siege}}, p. 817 and p. 829</ref><ref>{{RK|Ride}}, p. 837</ref><ref>{{RK|Battle}}, p. 842</ref>
*Captain of Despair<ref name="RK|Siege" />
*[[Dwimmerlaik]]<ref name="Eowyn">{{RK|Battle}}, p. 841</ref>
*Lord of carrion<ref name="Eowyn" />
*Number One<ref>{{RK|Shadow}}, p. 925</ref>

==Inspiration==
An undead witch-king named ''Þráinn'' appears in ''[[:Wikipedia:Hrómundar saga Gripssonar|Hrómundar saga Gripssonar]]''. It is possible that this was Tolkien's source of inspiration.{{fact}}


The prophecy that the Witch-king would fall "not by the hand of man" and the fulfillment of the prophecy occurring as a technicality (being slain by a hobbit and a woman) bears a striking resemblance to the prophecy regarding the title character's death in Shakespeare's ''Macbeth'', where it was foretold that Macbeth will be slain "not by man born of woman" and is then killed by Macduff, born by caesarian section. Tolkien was familiar with the play, having reputedly taken inspiration for the Last March of the Ents from the same source (See article ''[[Ents]]'' for details).

==Portrayal in adaptations==
The Witch-king's true name is never given, and therefore among [[Tolkien fandom|Tolkien fans]], the Witch-king is often simply called ''Angmar'', after the name of the realm he founded and led. It is possible that he was one of the three [[Black Númenóreans]] Tolkien stated had become Nazgûl, or possibly [[Isilmo]], a Númenórean prince and father of Tar-Minastir. This possibility was adopted by the now defunct [[Middle-earth Role Playing]] game and [[Mithril Miniatures]] where he is named ''Er-Murazor'', a Númenórean prince and younger son of [[Tar-Ciryatan]].
===The Witch-king in adaptations===
<gallery mode="traditional" widths="200px" heights="150px">
File:The Return of the King (1980 film) - Witch-King.jpg|The Witch-king in [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]
File:The Lord of the Rings - The Return of the King - Witch-king.jpg|The Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]''
File:Witchking ea rotk.jpg|The Witch-king from [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]
File:The Lord of the Rings online Shadows of Angmar - Witch-king 1.jpg|The Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''
File:The Lord of the Rings War in the North - Witch-king of Angmar.png|The Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]''
File:Shadow of War - The Witch King.png|The Witch-king in ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]]''
</gallery>

===Films===
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''
:The Witch-king is shown with no distinction from the other [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]]; all are robed in brown and black, and none seem to be able to talk clearly.

'''1980: [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]:'''
:The Witch-king is portrayed as a humanoid figure with no head. Red eyes glare under a golden crown. His dialogue is more or less as in the books, albeit in a strange and somewhat unfitting electronic voice. After a stab from behind by [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]], [[Éowyn]] beheads him. It is worthy of note that the Witch-king is seen with the [[Red Eye]] of [[Barad-dûr]] as his emblem and faction, rather than the grim moon of [[Minas Morgul]].

'''2001-03: [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]:'''
:The Witch-king is called the "Witch-king of [[Angmar]]", the "Lord of the [[Nazgûl]]", and the "Greatest of the Nine" by [[Gandalf]] in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''; however, no other mention of the kingdom of Angmar itself is made. Also, in that film, there is no mention of [[Glorfindel]]'s prophecy; there is only a claim among the enemy that "no man can kill" the Witch-king. Like the other Nazgûl, he is depicted as a humanoid figure shrouded in a hooded black robe; his only distinguishing feature is a mask-like spiked helmet with a huge mouth. His first mention is when Gandalf tells [[Peregrin Took|Pippin]] while in Minas Tirith that the Dark Lord has not yet revealed his "deadliest" servant: the Witch-king, the one that "stabbed [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] on [[Weathertop]]".

:During the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]], the Witch-king's army uses the ram [[Grond (battering ram)|Grond]] to break through the city gates early in the battle (after the failure of a lesser ram), and the Witch-king is not present to confront Gandalf as he is in the book. The confrontation takes place later, as Pippin and Gandalf race to the tombs to save [[Faramir]], and the Witch-king intercepts them. Unlike in the book, this meeting decisively favors the Witch-king, who breaks Gandalf's staff and throws the wizard to the ground before leaving to deal with the arrival of the [[Rohirrim]]. Gandalf's face shows obvious fear in this scene, in comparison to the resolution (for "victory or death") in the books.

:The Witch-king's final stand on the battlefield occurs with less dialogue than in the book, and the weapons used to defeat him are both mundane: Merry's sword is not a [[Daggers of Westernesse|dagger]] from the [[Barrow-downs]], but rather the Rohirric sword that [[Théoden]] had as a child. This does makes it somewhat confusing in the film whether the Witch-King was truly destroyed in this fight (as he was in the book), or whether we was temporarily incapacitated (as at the ford of Bruinen) and later perished along with his fellow Nazgul due to the One Ring's destruction.

:Eight actors are known to have played some part of the Witch-king.
#An unidentified extra portrayed the "King of Men" in the prologue. He was chosen to be the Witch-king simply because he was the smallest of the nine.
#[[Shane Rangi]] did the horse chase.
#[[Fran Walsh]] provided the "Ringwraith scream".
#Effects technician Ben Price played the Witch-king in "many scenes"<ref>http://www.decipher.com/content/2004/07/072904lotrwetaprops.html</ref>
#[[Brent McIntyre]] is officially credited as the Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring|The Fellowship of the Ring]]''. He stabbed Frodo.
#[[Lawrence Makoare]] filled the robe of the Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''.
#[[Mark Ferguson]] filled the heavy armoured costume when Makoare felt claustrophobic.<ref>http://www.markferguson.net/articles/interview_Nautilus20.html</ref>
#[[Andy Serkis]] provided the voice of the Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]''.

'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''
:The Witch-king is mentioned to have been defeated years ago, and his body sealed by the "Men of the North" in a very deep and dark tomb in the "[[High Fells of Rhudaur]]". His [[wraith]], apparently summoned by the [[Sauron#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]], is encountered by [[Radagast]] in the ruins of [[Dol Guldur]], but the [[Wizards|Wizard]] fends him off and salvages the Witch-king's [[Morgul-knife|Morgul blade]] in the struggle.

:In the [[Attack on Dol Guldur]], The Witch-King, along with the other Nazgûl, participates by fighting [[Saruman]] and [[Elrond]], members of the [[White Council]]. In the end, he and the other Nine are driven back to [[Mordor]] by [[Galadriel]] and her [[Phial of Galadriel|phial]], [[Sauron|his master]] also eventually following suit.

:No actor is known to have played the Witch-king in this film series.

===Television===
'''1993: ''[[Hobitit]]'':'''
:The Witch-king is shown without distinction of the other Nazgûl. He was portrayed through computer-graphics.

===Radio series===
'''1956: [[The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1955 radio series)]]:'''
:The Black Captain is played by [[Felix Felton]].<ref name="RT1727">Radio Times, Volume 133, No. 1727, [[14 December|December 14]], [[1956]]</ref>

'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''
:The role of The Lord of the Nazgul, as he is always credited in this production, is expanded with material from ''[[The Hunt for the Ring]]''. He is the second speaking character in the series: he is the one who captures [[Gollum]], though he is not identified as such until the credits. [[Philip Voss]] provided the voice for The Lord of the Nazgul.

'''1992: [[Der Herr der Ringe (1992 German radio series)|''Der Herr der Ringe'' (1992 German radio series)]]:'''
:The Witch-king of Angmar is played by Christian Mey. The character is credited as the Lord of the Nazgul.

'''2001-2003: [[Pán prsteňov (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)|''Pán prsteňov'' (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)]]:'''
:The voice of the Witch-king of Angmar is provided by Jozef Švoňavský. The character is credited only as the Lord of the Nazgul, not by his Witch-king epithet.

===Games===
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''
:The Witch-king is shown without distinction of the other Nazgûl.

'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]'':'''
:The Witch-king's role and voice are similar to that of the film, but his appearance is different. An early helmet design, that had been removed from the film because it resembled [[Sauron]]'s helm too much, was used here, presumably because there was no time to make a new character model.

'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''
:Witch-King is one the main "Hero" units for the Servants of Sauron, his signature ability is being able to turn Wights into Nazgûl. The evil campaign storyline shows him reclaiming Dol Guldur for Sauron.

'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''
:Witch-King is a "Hero" unit for Mordor faction. He is an airborne unit riding on a Fell Beast and one of the strongest units in the game.

'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''
:In addition to his appearance from the first game, the Witch-King can now also dismount and become a landscape unit armed with a mace. An expansion was released for this game the same year, titled [[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II: The Rise of the Witch-king]]. In this expansion, the campaign is centered around the Witch-King and his rise to power in Angmar.

'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The Witch-king is a non-playable character present in several scenes. His most memorable appearance takes place in the Great Barrow within the Barrow-Downs. There are also multiple references to him in quest dialogue, the most notable is that the Witch-King for whatever reason cannot return to rule [[Carn Dum]] and instead has erected a Steward named [[Mordirith]] to rule in his place, in mockery of the Stewards of Gondor.

'''2009: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Conquest]]'':'''
:In the campaign for the "Evil" side, the Witch-King is revived by other Nazgûl right before Sauron reclaims The One Ring.

''''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''
:The Witch-king appears in a flashback of the playable characters during the prologue of the game. He and the other [[Nazgûl]] attack and destroy the [[Rangers of the North|Ranger]] camp at [[Sarn Ford]]. Shortly after he speaks with [[Agandaûr]], who explains that he has assembled an army in [[Fornost]]. The Witch-king commands him to return and attack immediately, to aid in the [[Hunt of the Ring]].<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], ''Prologue''</ref>

''''2017: ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]]'':'''
:The Witch-king is featured in the game. Voiced by Matthew Mercer, he serves as the main antagonist of the game. At the bidding of Sauron, he leads the siege on the city of Minas Ithil, making an adversary out of [[Talion]], in whom he takes a particular interest. Ensnaring General Castamir by promising the safety of his daughter, Idril, the Witch-king conquers the city for the Dark Lord. Using a [[palantír]] within Minas Ithil - now Minas Morgul - he sees that [[Celebrimbor]]'s New Ring is in [[Shelob]]'s hands. The Witch-king reveals what he has learned to his master, who rewards his allegiance with the reins of Minas Morgul and sends him to retrieve the New Ring.<ref>[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]], ''Prologue''</ref>

==See also==
*[[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]]

{{references|n}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
|race=evil
|house=[[Nazgûl]] of [[Sauron]]
|born=Before {{SA|2251}}
|died=[[15 March]], {{TA|3019}}
}}
{{seq
|pvac=None
|prev=Title established
|list=King of [[Angmar]]
|dates={{TA|1300}} - {{TA|1975|n}}
|next=Title abolished
|nvac=None
}}
{{seq-end}}
{{lordoftheringsfilms}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:Nazgûl]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]
[[de:Der Hexenkönig von Angmar]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/3a/nazgul/roi-sorcier]]
[[fi:Noitakuningas]]

User:Aboehmemason

2024-03-18T23:33:49Z

Aboehmemason: Added image of myself

[[File:Aboehmemason-user-pic.png|thumb|{{User infobox|userboxes={{user lore-3}}|name=Alexander Boehme-Mason|othernames=Aboehmemason / Alzarion|language=English, German, Russian, Spanish, Norwegian|location=United States|occupation=Author, Photographer|gender=Male|hair=Brown|eyes=Hazel|email=boehmemason@gmail.com|instagram=aboehmemason|userboxheight=55%}}]]
'''Alexander Boehme-Mason''' is the author of the book series Rise to Dust and is an avid Tolkien fan. He has a Bachelors in Speech Language Pathology and is in the middle of a Masters in Neuroscience. He has a particular love for the languages of Tolkien and specializes in the Black Speech of Mordor.

"''Hello all, I am happy to help out with any article that we need. I try to be very thorough. I am a bit new to editing, so if you would like something done a certain way, please just let me know. Thanks!''" - Alexander

== Favorites ==

* '''Characters''' (In order of course) - Sauron, Elrond, Galadriel, and Thranduil.
* '''Locations''' (Also in order) - Rivendell, Barad-Dûr, Minas Tirith, Lothlorien, and Valmar
* '''Vala''' - Nienna
* '''Film Quote''' - "Even the smallest person can change the course of the future." - Galadriel
* '''Book Quote''' - "So most men teach and few men learn." - Sador
* '''Book''' - The Silmarillion
* '''Movie''' - The Return of the King
* '''Era''' - 3rd Age
* '''Movie Scenes''' - The Charge of the Rohirrim at Pelannor, Elrond's Forsight about Aragorn, and anything Minas Tirith or Rivendell.
* '''Real life drink''' - Tea (PG Tips British black, with two teaspoons of sugar and a bit of whole milk. I drink 5 mugs or more a day. My mother is British, and I am proud of it!)

==Links==
https://www.alexanderboehmemasonbooks.com/ - Alexander's Book Website

File:Aboehmemason-user-pic.png

2024-03-18T23:22:05Z

Aboehmemason: /* Licensing */ Update

== Summary ==
User profile picture.

Permission granted by the photographer Alexander Boehme-Mason for his own user page.
== Licensing ==
{{Copyright-permission|Evelondar Studios|evelondarstudios.com|INSERT TG LINK}}

File:Aboehmemason-user-pic.png

2024-03-18T23:17:43Z

Aboehmemason: User profile picture.

== Summary ==
User profile picture.
== Licensing ==
{{Copyright-permission|INSERT NAME OF COPYRIGHT HOLDER|INSERT HOLDER'S WEBSITE|INSERT TG LINK}}

Lindo

2024-03-18T17:43:04Z

Aboehmemason: Fixed references per reference guide and admin advice

{{expansion}}
{{elves infobox
| image=
| name=Lindo
| pronun=
| othernames=''Glinda'' ([[Gnomish|G]])
| titles=
| position=keeper of the [[Cottage of Lost Play]]
| location=[[Tol Eressëa]]
| affiliation=
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=[[Valwë]]
| siblings=
| spouse=[[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]]
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Lindo''' was the wise keeper of the [[Cottage of Lost Play]] in [[Tol Eressëa]]. His wife was [[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]], and his father was [[Valwë]].<ref name=Cottage>{{LT1|I}}</ref>{{rp|14}}

== History ==
The mariner [[Eriol]], who searched for strange lands, eventually came to the isle of Tol Eressëa. There he wandered, until reaching the center of the isle and the city of [[Kortirion]]. Growing tired as the night drew in, he sought for a place to rest. He spotted The [[Cottage of Lost Play]], with its many small windows curtained snugly, filled with a warm light. He knocked on the door as was greeted by the Lord of the Cottage, Lindo and his wife Vairë. <ref name=Cottage/>{{rp|13-4}}

After introductions, Lindo explained that the dwelling was called Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva, or the Cottage of Lost Play. Alongside him were many other elves, and mannish children of various sizes. He perceived Eriol's curiosity and said, "Small is the dwelling, but smaller still are they that dwell here - for all who enter must be very small indeed, or of their own good wish become as very little folk even as they stand upon the threshold." <ref name=Cottage/>{{rp|13-4}}

Lindo and Vairë accepted Eriol's request for entrance and lodging, and invited him in. Soon after, they made their way to the great hall, where an evening meal was set out. [[Gong of the Children|Tombo]], the Gong of Children rang out and all the children of the dwelling joined them for supper, including [[Littleheart]], the Gong-warden. They sang the song of the [[Bringing in of the Meats]] and Lindo blessed the food and company. <ref name=Cottage/>{{rp|14-6}}

During dinner, Eriol asked Lindo and his wife about the isle of Tol Eressëa. Lindo explained Eriol had come into the region of [[Alalminórë]], or the Land of Elms at the center of the isle, which was the fairest of the realms of Tol Eressëa, and then to the city above it of Kortirion. He told of the isle's leader [[Meril-i-Turinqi]], who was a descendant of [[Ingwë|Inwë]], the King of all the Eldar when they dwelt in [[Kôr]]. At this isle is where many of the wisest and fairest of all the Eldar gathered, including Lindo's father [[Valwë]], and his wife's father [[Tulkastor]]. <ref name=Cottage/>{{rp|14-6}}

All but Eriol filled their cups with [[limpë]], which was a special drink that would give youth, but that only Meril-i-Turinqi could give to one who was not Eldar or that already dwelt with them. The gong sounded again, and the company moved to the [[Room of Logs]] where a magic fire burnt endlessly. There they would gather often for story time and now Vairë told him the history of the land. She spoke of [[Olórë Mallë]], or the Path of Dreams, and of a white cottage that stood in its fairest garden. None knew of what it was built or when. This was then called the Cottage of Children and the Eldar guarded it fiercely, goading the children of men to play there. This was to protect them from straying into Valinor and abandoning their parents or returning and being unsatisfied with the world ever after. After the elves left Kôr, the Cottage of Children was abandoned and blocked off forever. <ref name=Cottage/>{{rp|17-9}}

Meril-i-Turinqi chose Lindo and Vairë to care for the remainder of the children who had been to Kôr. The two built the new Cottage of Lost Play where the children then lived, though some would depart to the [[Middle-earth|Great Lands]], and stay, becoming lost in the wonderous lands there. The rest return and bring stories to Lindo and Vairë. <ref name=Cottage/>{{rp|20}}

== Description ==
Lindo is referred to as [[Gnomes|gnome]] within the Cottage of Lost Play<ref name=Cottage/> Christopher Tolkien denotes gnomes was an earlier name given to the Second Kindred, the Noldoli (later [[Noldor]]). <ref name=Cottage/> {{rp|21}}

== Etymology ==
''Lindo'' is a [[Qenya]] name, probably meaning "Singer". The [[Gnomish]] version of the name was '''''Glinda''''' (probably related to ''glin'' "sound, voice, utterance").<ref>{{PE|15}}</ref>{{rp|6,7,9}}

== Genealogy ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| | | WOD | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |WOD=[[wikipedia:Odin|Wóden]]}}
{{familytree| | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | HED | | | | | | | | TUL | | | | VAL |HED=[[Heden]]|TUL=[[Tulkastor]]|VAL=[[Valwë]]}}
{{familytree| |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| |}}
{{familytree| BEO | | EOH | | | | SIB | | VAI |~| LIN |BEO=[[Beorn (son of Heden)|Beorn]]|EOH=[[Eoh]]|SIB=''unknownsibling''|VAI=[[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]]|LIN='''LINDO'''}}
{{familytree| | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| CWE |y| ERI |~|~|y| NAI | | | | | | | | |CWE=[[Cwén]]|ERI=[[Eriol]]|NAI=[[Naimi]]}}
{{familytree| |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| HEN | | HOR | | HEO | | | | | | | | | | |HEN=[[wikipedia:Hengist and Horsa|Hengest]]|HOR=[[wikipedia:Hengist and Horsa|Horsa]]|HEO=[[Heorrenda]]}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

{{references}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Elves]]
[[Category:Qenya names]]
[[de:Lindo]]

Tol Eressëa

2024-03-13T03:31:47Z

Aboehmemason: /* History */ Added history in the third age.

{{expansion}}
{{location infobox
| name=Tol Eressëa
| image=[[File:Billy Mosig - Parting from Eressea.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Parting from Eressea" by Billy Mosig
| pronun={{respell|tol}} {{respell|eh|res|seh-ah}}
| othernames=The Lonely Island
| location=[[Aman]] off the coast of [[Valinor]], east of the [[Bay of Eldamar]]; surrounded by [[Enchanted Isles]]
| type=Island
| description=Arrowhead-shaped island, green and beautiful
| regions=
| settlements=[[Avallónë]][[Tathrobel]]<ref>{{MR|P3II1}}, pp. 199-200</ref><ref>{{LR|Quenta}}, p. 203</ref>[[Cortirion]]<ref>{{LR|Quenta}}, "The Conclusion of the ''Quenta Silmarillion''", §33, p. 334</ref>
| inhabitants=[[Eldar]], mostly [[Teleri]]
| created={{YT|1151}}
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Tol Eressëa''' was a large island off the coast of [[Eldamar]]. Its name translates from [[Quenya]] as the '''''Lonely Island''''', for it lay originally in the middle of the [[Belegaer]], far from any other landmasses.

[[Ulmo]] pushed it back and forth across [[Belegaer]] twice to transport the [[Elves]] to [[Aman]]. After that, it came to rest forever just off the eastern shore of that continent in the [[Bay of Eldamar]], and was inhabited by the [[Teleri]] of Aman, until they left for [[Alqualondë]].

With the end of the [[First Age]], many of the [[Eldar]] of [[Middle-earth]] (and the Teleri that never left it) went to Aman, and lived on the island of Tol Eressëa. Its principal location is the port city of [[Avallónë]] on the eastern shore.

==History==

==== The Founding of Tol Eressëa ====
When the time came for the [[Eldar]] to go to the undying lands of [[Aman]] in the west, the [[Valar]] bid [[Ulmo]] to bring them there safely. As they could not cross the treacherous pass of ice in the north called the [[Helcaraxë]] that connected the lands, Ulmo uprooted an island that was in the middle of [[Belegaer]], standing in the middle of the sea since the fall of the lamp [[Illuin]]. With the aid of his servants, he moved the island like a mighty ship to the east and anchored it in the [[Bay of Balar]]. Then the elven groups of the [[Vanyar]] and the [[Noldor]] went upon it and were drawn across the sea to Aman, where they came into the region of [[Valinor]]<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.47</ref>.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]"</ref>

The largest and latest group of the elves to depart, the [[Teleri]], reached the shores of [[Beleriand]] at the [[Mouths of Sirion]] and dwelt there for many years. There they took [[Olwë]] to be their king. Then [[Ossë]] and [[Uinen]] came and befriended them, with Ossë teaching them much sea lore and sea music. Ever after, the Teleri would be accounted as the best singers and mariners<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg. 51</ref> among the [[Quendi]].<ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.48</ref>

Across the sea in the west, [[Finwë]], who had been great friends with the Teleri, besought Ulmo to bring his friends to Aman if they would come. Ulmo agreed and brought the offer to the Teleri, which they accepted. Ossë was grieved at their departure, and so convinced a group to stay behind that would become the [[Falathrim]].<ref name=":0" />

The Teleri drew onto a great isle, which Ulmo dragged across the sea. Ossë followed Ulmo and when the isle reached the [[Bay of Eldamar]], he called to the Teleri who heard his voice and begged Ulmo to stay their voyage. Ulmo, understanding the hearts of the Teleri, and having spoken against their summons at the councils of the Valar, granted their request, and with Ossë the two rooted the island to the foundations of the sea. The isle was ever after called Tol Eressëa, the lonely isle.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.48-49</ref>

Finwë and the Valar grieved to know the group would not now come to Aman. And the Teleri on the isle began to grow apart from the mainland, abiding under the stars of heaven with the sight of Aman in the distance. This sundering led to the development of their own language, [[Telerin]]<ref>[[David Salo]], [[A Gateway to Sindarin]], The History of Sindarin</ref>.<ref name=":1">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.49</ref>

The Valar wished still to the see the Lonely Isle, and so created a gap in the [[Pelóri]] called the [[Calacirya]], and after the light of Aman reached the shores of Tol Eressëa and made the lands grow fertile and the waters around it shone in silver and gold. There on the isle, the first flowers east of the Pelóri grew.<ref name=":1" />

After the construction of the city of [[Tirion]], and the gifting of the white tree of [[Galathilion]] to the Eldar by [[Yavanna]], a seedling of Galathilion was given to the elves of Tol Eressëa, who planted it there and named it [[Celeborn (White Tree)|Celeborn]]. This tree would go on to later give the seedling [[Nimloth (tree)|Nimloth]] to the people of [[Númenóreans|Númenor]].<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg. 50</ref>

After many years, the Teleri were torn for the love of the sea and their desire to see the light of Valinor and their sundered kindred again. Therefore, Ulmo sent Ossë to the Teleri. Ossë taught them how to build ships and gave them many strong winged swans which pulled the ships to Aman. Many came and saw the realm of Aman. Most sailed their ships near the shores and walked in the waves on the beaches.<ref name=":2">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.51</ref>

The Noldor gave them many gems of opal, pale diamond and crystal, which the Teleri scattered across the shores of [[Elendë]]. They build on the shores of Aman, the new city of [[Alqualondë]]. The Teleri found many pearls at sea which they brought to adorn their halls and the mansion of Olwë there. The city was lit with many lamps and filled with their ships they carved into the shape of swans. And the gate of the harbor was an arch of living rock carved by the sea.<ref name=":2" />

==== The End of the First Age ====
Near the ending of the [[First Age]], after [[Beleriand]] had undergone many battles and much despair, and [[Morgoth]] had at last found and destroyed [[Gondolin]], [[Eärendil]] the Mariner decided he should go to [[Valinor]] and ask the [[Valar]] for pity on the [[Edain]] and the [[Eldar]] in Beleriand. His wife [[Elwing]], who had cast herself into the sea was borne up by [[Ulmo]], and given wings, so that she may fly with the [[Silmarils|Silmaril]] that she possessed to Eärendil. Once she found him aboard his ship [[Vingilot]], she fell into is arms, and he placed the Silmaril on his brow and sailed the ship toward Valinor with Elwing at his side. The light of the Silmaril grew greater as they neared Valinor and the passed the isle of Tol Eressëa.<ref name=":3">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of the Voyage of Eärendil and the War of Wrath]].</ref>

After Eärendil spoke with the Valar, they gave him and Elwing the choice of mortality as a Man or immortality as an Elf. Both chose the life of an elf, and Eärendil went on his ship Vingilot through the [[Door of Night]], to then sail the ship to and from across the skies. Elwing took again to her bird form and the elves of Tol Eressëa would watch her from afar flying to greet Vingilot.<ref name=":3" />

After the [[War of Wrath]], many of the elves that dwelt in Beleriand came to live on Tol Eressëa, and they were soon forgiven by the Valar and [[Teleri]] alike for all the hurt they had done. <ref name=":3" />There after, many [[Noldor]] and [[Sindar]] lived on. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', Index pg. 342</ref>

==== The Second Age ====
After the imprisonment of [[Morgoth]] into the [[Void]] at the end of the [[First Age]], the [[Second Age]] began<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix B]], "The Tale of Years", "The Second Age".</ref>, and the Valar called the elves to return to the West. Those that came went and dwelt in the isle of Tol Eressëa, and in its chief city [[Avallónë]]. The tower of Avallónë is the first sight a mariner beholds when journeying to the Undying Lands. Ossë raised [[Númenor]] from out of the depths of the ocean and gifted it to the Edain. The Eldar brought flowers and fountains from Tol Eressëa and gifted them to the [[Númenóreans]]. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]"</ref><ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" Pg.247-248</ref>

The Númenóreans spoke [[Elvish]] which, they had learned from both the elves of Middle-Earth and Tol Eressëa. The Númenóreans could see Tol Eressëa from their isle, and from there, the elves would visit Númenor in oarless boats shaped like white birds. The elves brought many gifts including: birds of song, fragrant flowers, and herbs of great virtue. The chief most of the gifts was a seedling from their white tree, [[Celeborn (White Tree)|Celeborn]]. The seedling would grow to be [[Nimloth (tree)|Nimloth]], the White Tree of Númenor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.250-251</ref>

When the Númenóreans began to grow jealous of the lands of Aman and of the immortality of the west, the Eldar reported them to the Valar. [[Manwë]] sent them back as messengers to the men. The Eldar arrived at the Isle of Númenor during the reign of [[Tar-Atanamir]]. The Eldar tried to reason with them that the Eldar and the Edain were to have separate fates, but most of the men of Númenor would not listen and stopped welcoming death as part of their fate. The men drew into two groups thereafter: the [[King's Men]], who grew apart from the teachings and trust of the Eldar, and the [[Elf-friends|Elendili]], the elf-friends who still trusted in their ways. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.251-254</ref>

As the years went on, the Númenóreans drew further into their dark days, forsaking more and more the guidance of the Eldar and the decrees of the Valar. During the reign of [[Ar-Gimilzôr]], the White Tree was untended and the use of Elvish was forbade. Those that welcomed the ships of Eressëa were punished. The Valar grew angry with the Númenóreans and the ships from Eressëa never again visted Númenor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.256</ref>

Even when [[Tar-Palantir]] took the scepter, and wished again for friendship with the elves, they did not come and Avallónë was veiled in cloud, out of his sight.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.257</ref> [[Sauron]] deceived the twenty-fifth and final King of Númenor, [[Ar-Pharazôn]] into taking him as his hostage and later as an advisor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.258-263</ref>Sauron soon convinced Pharazôn to wage war against the Valar and defy the [[Ban of the Valar|ban]] that was laid upon them, forbidding them from entering Aman. This led to the downfall of Númenor, where Ar-Pharazôn gathered a great fleet of ships and sailed to the coat of Aman. From Avallónë the Eldar watched and mourned for the sun that was cut off by the cloud of the Númenóreans. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.259-266</ref>

Manwë called upon [[Ilúvatar]], who then opend a great chasm in the sea, into which all the faithless fleet sunk into alongside the entire island of Númenor. The lands of Aman and Tol Eressëa were drawn away from the reach of Men forever, into the realm of hidden things. Only nine ships of the Númenóreans escaped, carrying the Elendili, which went then to [[Middle-earth|Middle-Earth]] to establish their realms. Then only by those who were permitted could Aman and Eressëa be reached by way of the [[Straight Road]], which was a secret road that passed through the atmosphere of [[Ilmen]], and back down until it reached Eressëa and Aman again.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg. 266-269</ref>

==== The Third Age ====
After the downfall of [[Númenor]], the surviving [[Elf-friends|Elendili]] brought to [[Middle-earth|Middle-Earth]], their seven [[Palantíri]] which they were given by the elves to comfort them during the dark days, when the elves no longer came to Númenor. Three of the Palantíri were taken by [[Elendil]], two by [[Isildur]] and two by [[Anárion]]. Elendil placed his in the tower [[Elostirion]] in [[Tower Hills|Emyn Beraid]], in [[Weathertop|Amon Sûl]], and in the city of [[Annúminas]]. His sons set the others in [[Minas Morgul|Minas Ithil]], [[Minas Tirith|Minas Anor]], [[Orthanc]] and [[Osgiliath]]. Elendil would often look through the stone of Elostirion, seeing even as far as the [[Tower of Avallónë]] in Tol Eressëa, where the Master Stone resided.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age]]"</ref>

==Flora==
Many beautiful trees grew on Eressëa, and their seedlings were gifted by the Eldar to [[Númenor]] to enrich the land.<ref>{{UT|Numenor}}</ref> Some of them were:
*[[Oiolairë]]
*[[Lairelossë]]
*[[Nessamelda]]
*[[Vardarianna]]
*[[Taniquelassë]]
*[[Yavannamírë]]
*[[Malinornë]]
*[[Lavaralda]]
*[[Elanor]]
*[[Lissuin]]

==Etymology==
Tol Eressëa is [[Quenya]], from ''[[tol]]'' "isle" and ''[[eressëa]]'' "lonely".{{fact}}

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In early versions of Tolkien's legendarium, the island was later visited by [[Ælfwine]] (or [[Eriol]]), an Anglo-Saxon from the early Middle Ages, which provided a framework for the tales that later became ''[[The Silmarillion]]''.

Most of ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'' occurs on Tol Eressëa. The island played a significant role in those early conflicting and revised versions, as the homeland of the Noldorin exiles. From those stories, [[Christopher Tolkien]] provided a comparative summary of its story: After the war between the [[Eldar]] and the [[Enemy]] in the [[Great Lands]] (i.e. Middle-earth), Eressea is the destination for the exiled [[Noldoli]] who were rescued from the Great Lands, as some were not allowed to return to Valinor. The exiles built many towns and villages, and places such as [[Tavrobel]], the central region of [[Alalminórë]] with the hill of [[Kôr]] where [[Ingil]] son of [[Ingwe|Inwe]] built [[Kortirion]]. The [[House of the Hundred Chimneys]] and the [[Cottage of Lost Play]] of Kortirion are also mentioned. These names do not exist in the later ''Silmarillion''.

The island was visited by [[Ottor Wǽfre]] who, after learning the ancient history of the [[Elder Days]] went to visit [[Gilfanon]] in Tavrobel, where he wrote it down. He married an Elf and had a son named [[Heorrenda]].

Tol Eressëa was drawn again east and anchored off the coasts of the Great Lands (at the geographical position of England), where the Lost Elves rose against the servants of Melko. When Osse attempted to drag the island back to the West, the western half broke off, forming the Isle of [[Iverin]] (Ireland).

After the defeat of the Elves in the battle of [[Ros]], they hid in Tol Eressëa, but were followed by evil men, [[Orcs]] and other creatures. The great [[Battle of the Heath of the Sky-roof]] between Men near Tavrobel causes the Elves to flee over the [[Gruir]] and the [[Afros]].

The Elves then faded, and most [[Men]] were now unable to see them. Eriol's sons, Hengest, Horsa, and Heorrenda, who were friendly to the Elves, conquered the island which became 'England'. From them the Angles have 'the true tradition of the fairies'. Hengest came to Kortirion (Warwick), Horsa to [[Taruithorn]] ([[Oxford]]) and Heorrenda to [[Tavrobel]] (Great Haywood).<ref>{{LT2|VI}}</ref>

A [[Gnomish]] name used for Tol Eressëa was '''''Dor Faidwen''''' ("Land of Release").<ref>{{LT1|I}}, pp. 13, 21</ref><ref>{{PE|11}}, pp. 5, 7</ref>

{{references}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tol Eressea}}
[[Category:Aman]]
[[Category:Islands]]
[[Category:Qenya locations]]
[[Category:Quenya locations]]
[[Category:Tol Eressëa| ]]
[[de:Tol Eressea]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/iles/tol_eressea]]
[[fi:Tol Eressëa]]

User:Aboehmemason

2024-03-13T01:30:09Z

Aboehmemason: Added Favorites :)

{{User infobox|userboxes={{user lore-3}}|name=Alexander Boehme-Mason|othernames=Aboehmemason / Alzarion|language=English, German, Russian, Spanish, Norwegian|location=United States|occupation=Author, Photographer|gender=Male|hair=Brown|eyes=Hazel|email=boehmemason@gmail.com|instagram=aboehmemason|userboxheight=50%}}

'''Alexander Boehme-Mason''' is the author of the book series Rise to Dust and is an avid Tolkien fan. He has a Bachelors in Speech Language Pathology and is in the middle of a Masters in Neuroscience. He has a particular love for the languages of Tolkien and specializes in the Black Speech of Mordor.

"''Hello all, I am happy to help out with any article that we need. I try to be very thorough. I am a bit new to editing, so if you would like something done a certain way, please just let me know. Thanks!''" - Alexander

== Favorites ==

* '''Characters''' (In order of course) - Sauron, Elrond, Galadriel, and Thranduil.
* '''Locations''' (Also in order) - Rivendell, Barad-Dûr, Minas Tirith, Lothlorien, and Valmar
* '''Vala''' - Nienna
* '''Film Quote''' - "Even the smallest person can change the course of the future." - Galadriel
* '''Book Quote''' - "So most men teach and few men learn." - Sador
* '''Book''' - The Silmarillion
* '''Movie''' - The Return of the King
* '''Era''' - 3rd Age
* '''Movie Scenes''' - The Charge of the Rohirrim at Pelannor, Elrond's Forsight about Aragorn, and anything Minas Tirith or Rivendell.
* '''Real life drink''' - Tea (PG Tips British black, with two teaspoons of sugar and a bit of whole milk. I drink 5 mugs or more a day. My mother is British, and I am proud of it!)

==Links==
https://www.alexanderboehmemasonbooks.com/ - Alexander's Book Website

User:Aboehmemason

2024-03-13T01:05:31Z

Aboehmemason: Testing out new Infoboxes and Templates for my page

Tol Eressëa

2024-03-13T00:03:41Z

Aboehmemason: /* History */ Added History section for end of First Age

{{expansion}}
{{location infobox
| name=Tol Eressëa
| image=[[File:Billy Mosig - Parting from Eressea.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Parting from Eressea" by Billy Mosig
| pronun={{respell|tol}} {{respell|eh|res|seh-ah}}
| othernames=The Lonely Island
| location=[[Aman]] off the coast of [[Valinor]], east of the [[Bay of Eldamar]]; surrounded by [[Enchanted Isles]]
| type=Island
| description=Arrowhead-shaped island, green and beautiful
| regions=
| settlements=[[Avallónë]][[Tathrobel]]<ref>{{MR|P3II1}}, pp. 199-200</ref><ref>{{LR|Quenta}}, p. 203</ref>[[Cortirion]]<ref>{{LR|Quenta}}, "The Conclusion of the ''Quenta Silmarillion''", §33, p. 334</ref>
| inhabitants=[[Eldar]], mostly [[Teleri]]
| created={{YT|1151}}
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Tol Eressëa''' was a large island off the coast of [[Eldamar]]. Its name translates from [[Quenya]] as the '''''Lonely Island''''', for it lay originally in the middle of the [[Belegaer]], far from any other landmasses.

[[Ulmo]] pushed it back and forth across [[Belegaer]] twice to transport the [[Elves]] to [[Aman]]. After that, it came to rest forever just off the eastern shore of that continent in the [[Bay of Eldamar]], and was inhabited by the [[Teleri]] of Aman, until they left for [[Alqualondë]].

With the end of the [[First Age]], many of the [[Eldar]] of [[Middle-earth]] (and the Teleri that never left it) went to Aman, and lived on the island of Tol Eressëa. Its principal location is the port city of [[Avallónë]] on the eastern shore.

==History==

==== The Founding of Tol Eressëa ====
When the time came for the [[Eldar]] to go to the undying lands of [[Aman]] in the west, the [[Valar]] bid [[Ulmo]] to bring them there safely. As they could not cross the treacherous pass of ice in the north called the [[Helcaraxë]] that connected the lands, Ulmo uprooted an island that was in the middle of [[Belegaer]], standing in the middle of the sea since the fall of the lamp [[Illuin]]. With the aid of his servants, he moved the island like a mighty ship to the east and anchored it in the [[Bay of Balar]]. Then the elven groups of the [[Vanyar]] and the [[Noldor]] went upon it and were drawn across the sea to Aman, where they came into the region of [[Valinor]]<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.47</ref>.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]"</ref>

The largest and latest group of the elves to depart, the [[Teleri]], reached the shores of [[Beleriand]] at the [[Mouths of Sirion]] and dwelt there for many years. There they took [[Olwë]] to be their king. Then [[Ossë]] and [[Uinen]] came and befriended them, with Ossë teaching them much sea lore and sea music. Ever after, the Teleri would be accounted as the best singers and mariners<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg. 51</ref> among the [[Quendi]].<ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.48</ref>

Across the sea in the west, [[Finwë]], who had been great friends with the Teleri, besought Ulmo to bring his friends to Aman if they would come. Ulmo agreed and brought the offer to the Teleri, which they accepted. Ossë was grieved at their departure, and so convinced a group to stay behind that would become the [[Falathrim]].<ref name=":0" />

The Teleri drew onto a great isle, which Ulmo dragged across the sea. Ossë followed Ulmo and when the isle reached the [[Bay of Eldamar]], he called to the Teleri who heard his voice and begged Ulmo to stay their voyage. Ulmo, understanding the hearts of the Teleri, and having spoken against their summons at the councils of the Valar, granted their request, and with Ossë the two rooted the island to the foundations of the sea. The isle was ever after called Tol Eressëa, the lonely isle.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.48-49</ref>

Finwë and the Valar grieved to know the group would not now come to Aman. And the Teleri on the isle began to grow apart from the mainland, abiding under the stars of heaven with the sight of Aman in the distance. This sundering led to the development of their own language, [[Telerin]]<ref>[[David Salo]], [[A Gateway to Sindarin]], The History of Sindarin</ref>.<ref name=":1">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.49</ref>

The Valar wished still to the see the Lonely Isle, and so created a gap in the [[Pelóri]] called the [[Calacirya]], and after the light of Aman reached the shores of Tol Eressëa and made the lands grow fertile and the waters around it shone in silver and gold. There on the isle, the first flowers east of the Pelóri grew.<ref name=":1" />

After the construction of the city of [[Tirion]], and the gifting of the white tree of [[Galathilion]] to the Eldar by [[Yavanna]], a seedling of Galathilion was given to the elves of Tol Eressëa, who planted it there and named it [[Celeborn (White Tree)|Celeborn]]. This tree would go on to later give the seedling [[Nimloth (tree)|Nimloth]] to the people of [[Númenóreans|Númenor]].<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg. 50</ref>

After many years, the Teleri were torn for the love of the sea and their desire to see the light of Valinor and their sundered kindred again. Therefore, Ulmo sent Ossë to the Teleri. Ossë taught them how to build ships and gave them many strong winged swans which pulled the ships to Aman. Many came and saw the realm of Aman. Most sailed their ships near the shores and walked in the waves on the beaches.<ref name=":2">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.51</ref>

The Noldor gave them many gems of opal, pale diamond and crystal, which the Teleri scattered across the shores of [[Elendë]]. They build on the shores of Aman, the new city of [[Alqualondë]]. The Teleri found many pearls at sea which they brought to adorn their halls and the mansion of Olwë there. The city was lit with many lamps and filled with their ships they carved into the shape of swans. And the gate of the harbor was an arch of living rock carved by the sea.<ref name=":2" />

==== The End of the First Age ====
Near the ending of the [[First Age]], after [[Beleriand]] had undergone many battles and much despair, and [[Morgoth]] had at last found and destroyed [[Gondolin]], [[Eärendil]] the Mariner decided he should go to [[Valinor]] and ask the [[Valar]] for pity on the [[Edain]] and the [[Eldar]] in Beleriand. His wife [[Elwing]], who had cast herself into the sea was borne up by [[Ulmo]], and given wings, so that she may fly with the [[Silmarils|Silmaril]] that she possessed to Eärendil. Once she found him aboard his ship [[Vingilot]], she fell into is arms, and he placed the Silmaril on his brow and sailed the ship toward Valinor with Elwing at his side. The light of the Silmaril grew greater as they neared Valinor and the passed the isle of Tol Eressëa.<ref name=":3">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of the Voyage of Eärendil and the War of Wrath]].</ref>

After Eärendil spoke with the Valar, they gave him and Elwing the choice of mortality as a Man or immortality as an Elf. Both chose the life of an elf, and Eärendil went on his ship Vingilot through the [[Door of Night]], to then sail the ship to and from across the skies. Elwing took again to her bird form and the elves of Tol Eressëa would watch her from afar flying to greet Vingilot.<ref name=":3" />

After the [[War of Wrath]], many of the elves that dwelt in Beleriand came to live on Tol Eressëa, and they were soon forgiven by the Valar and [[Teleri]] alike for all the hurt they had done. <ref name=":3" />There after, many [[Noldor]] and [[Sindar]] lived on. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', Index pg. 342</ref>

==== The Second Age ====
After the imprisonment of [[Morgoth]] into the [[Void]] at the end of the [[First Age]], the [[Second Age]] began<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix B]], "The Tale of Years", "The Second Age".</ref>, and the Valar called the elves to return to the West. Those that came went and dwelt in the isle of Tol Eressëa, and in its chief city [[Avallónë]]. The tower of Avallónë is the first sight a mariner beholds when journeying to the Undying Lands. Ossë raised [[Númenor]] from out of the depths of the ocean and gifted it to the Edain. The Eldar brought flowers and fountains from Tol Eressëa and gifted them to the [[Númenóreans]]. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]"</ref><ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" Pg.247-248</ref>

The Númenóreans spoke [[Elvish]] which, they had learned from both the elves of Middle-Earth and Tol Eressëa. The Númenóreans could see Tol Eressëa from their isle, and from there, the elves would visit Númenor in oarless boats shaped like white birds. The elves brought many gifts including: birds of song, fragrant flowers, and herbs of great virtue. The chief most of the gifts was a seedling from their white tree, [[Celeborn (White Tree)|Celeborn]]. The seedling would grow to be [[Nimloth (tree)|Nimloth]], the White Tree of Númenor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.250-251</ref>

When the Númenóreans began to grow jealous of the lands of Aman and of the immortality of the west, the Eldar reported them to the Valar. [[Manwë]] sent them back as messengers to the men. The Eldar arrived at the Isle of Númenor during the reign of [[Tar-Atanamir]]. The Eldar tried to reason with them that the Eldar and the Edain were to have separate fates, but most of the men of Númenor would not listen and stopped welcoming death as part of their fate. The men drew into two groups thereafter: the [[King's Men]], who grew apart from the teachings and trust of the Eldar, and the [[Elf-friends|Elendili]], the elf-friends who still trusted in their ways. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.251-254</ref>

As the years went on, the Númenóreans drew further into their dark days, forsaking more and more the guidance of the Eldar and the decrees of the Valar. During the reign of [[Ar-Gimilzôr]], the White Tree was untended and the use of Elvish was forbade. Those that welcomed the ships of Eressëa were punished. The Valar grew angry with the Númenóreans and the ships from Eressëa never again visted Númenor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.256</ref>

Even when [[Tar-Palantir]] took the scepter, and wished again for friendship with the elves, they did not come and Avallónë was veiled in cloud, out of his sight.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.257</ref> [[Sauron]] deceived the twenty-fifth and final King of Númenor, [[Ar-Pharazôn]] into taking him as his hostage and later as an advisor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.258-263</ref>Sauron soon convinced Pharazôn to wage war against the Valar and defy the [[Ban of the Valar|ban]] that was laid upon them, forbidding them from entering Aman. This led to the downfall of Númenor, where Ar-Pharazôn gathered a great fleet of ships and sailed to the coat of Aman. From Avallónë the Eldar watched and mourned for the sun that was cut off by the cloud of the Númenóreans. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.259-266</ref>

Manwë called upon [[Ilúvatar]], who then opend a great chasm in the sea, into which all the faithless fleet sunk into alongside the entire island of Númenor. The lands of Aman and Tol Eressëa were drawn away from the reach of Men forever, into the realm of hidden things. Only nine ships of the Númenóreans escaped, carrying the Elendili, which went then to [[Middle-earth|Middle-Earth]] to establish their realms. Then only by those who were permitted could Aman and Eressëa be reached by way of the [[Straight Road]], which was a secret road that passed through the atmosphere of [[Ilmen]], and back down until it reached Eressëa and Aman again.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg. 266-269</ref>

==Flora==
Many beautiful trees grew on Eressëa, and their seedlings were gifted by the Eldar to [[Númenor]] to enrich the land.<ref>{{UT|Numenor}}</ref> Some of them were:
*[[Oiolairë]]
*[[Lairelossë]]
*[[Nessamelda]]
*[[Vardarianna]]
*[[Taniquelassë]]
*[[Yavannamírë]]
*[[Malinornë]]
*[[Lavaralda]]
*[[Elanor]]
*[[Lissuin]]

==Etymology==
Tol Eressëa is [[Quenya]], from ''[[tol]]'' "isle" and ''[[eressëa]]'' "lonely".{{fact}}

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In early versions of Tolkien's legendarium, the island was later visited by [[Ælfwine]] (or [[Eriol]]), an Anglo-Saxon from the early Middle Ages, which provided a framework for the tales that later became ''[[The Silmarillion]]''.

Most of ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'' occurs on Tol Eressëa. The island played a significant role in those early conflicting and revised versions, as the homeland of the Noldorin exiles. From those stories, [[Christopher Tolkien]] provided a comparative summary of its story: After the war between the [[Eldar]] and the [[Enemy]] in the [[Great Lands]] (i.e. Middle-earth), Eressea is the destination for the exiled [[Noldoli]] who were rescued from the Great Lands, as some were not allowed to return to Valinor. The exiles built many towns and villages, and places such as [[Tavrobel]], the central region of [[Alalminórë]] with the hill of [[Kôr]] where [[Ingil]] son of [[Ingwe|Inwe]] built [[Kortirion]]. The [[House of the Hundred Chimneys]] and the [[Cottage of Lost Play]] of Kortirion are also mentioned. These names do not exist in the later ''Silmarillion''.

The island was visited by [[Ottor Wǽfre]] who, after learning the ancient history of the [[Elder Days]] went to visit [[Gilfanon]] in Tavrobel, where he wrote it down. He married an Elf and had a son named [[Heorrenda]].

Tol Eressëa was drawn again east and anchored off the coasts of the Great Lands (at the geographical position of England), where the Lost Elves rose against the servants of Melko. When Osse attempted to drag the island back to the West, the western half broke off, forming the Isle of [[Iverin]] (Ireland).

After the defeat of the Elves in the battle of [[Ros]], they hid in Tol Eressëa, but were followed by evil men, [[Orcs]] and other creatures. The great [[Battle of the Heath of the Sky-roof]] between Men near Tavrobel causes the Elves to flee over the [[Gruir]] and the [[Afros]].

The Elves then faded, and most [[Men]] were now unable to see them. Eriol's sons, Hengest, Horsa, and Heorrenda, who were friendly to the Elves, conquered the island which became 'England'. From them the Angles have 'the true tradition of the fairies'. Hengest came to Kortirion (Warwick), Horsa to [[Taruithorn]] ([[Oxford]]) and Heorrenda to [[Tavrobel]] (Great Haywood).<ref>{{LT2|VI}}</ref>

A [[Gnomish]] name used for Tol Eressëa was '''''Dor Faidwen''''' ("Land of Release").<ref>{{LT1|I}}, pp. 13, 21</ref><ref>{{PE|11}}, pp. 5, 7</ref>

{{references}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tol Eressea}}
[[Category:Aman]]
[[Category:Islands]]
[[Category:Qenya locations]]
[[Category:Quenya locations]]
[[Category:Tol Eressëa| ]]
[[de:Tol Eressea]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/iles/tol_eressea]]
[[fi:Tol Eressëa]]

User talk:Aboehmemason

2024-03-12T23:24:55Z

Aboehmemason: /* Recent edits */ Reply

== Edits to [[Room of Logs]] ==

Welcome to the wiki! Thanks for your contributions, just a few things to keep in mind while editing:
*Pages should have categories, this can be done by typing <nowiki>[[name of category here]] or in page settings if you are visual edits</nowiki>
*The first usage of the page title should be bolded. If source editing, this can be done by putting the text inside <nowiki>''' '''</nowiki> (e.g. <nowiki>'''bold'''</nowiki> will render '''bold'''.
*<nowiki>{{references}}</nowiki> should be put at the bottom of pages, this generates the reference subheading above the references
*A brief summary of the page should be given at the top of the page, similar to what you had in the About section.

I've fixed these things in the article, just wanted to let you know for future reference. [[Tolkien Gateway:Manual of Style]] contains further information pertaining to editing standards. {{user:Éowyn/sig}} 04:36, 11 March 2024 (UTC)

:Thank you for letting me know! I'm still new to editing :) [[User:Aboehmemason|Aboehmemason]] ([[User talk:Aboehmemason|talk]]) 06:03, 11 March 2024 (UTC)

==Recent edits==
Hi. Thanks for your work expanding those TBOLT articles. Please, [https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Cottage_of_Lost_Play&type=revision&diff=387512&oldid=387486 check my touch ups] and try to apply them in future, it will be perfect. Check [[Help:References]] for the reference templates --[[User:LorenzoCB|LorenzoCB]] ([[User talk:LorenzoCB|talk]]) 17:00, 12 March 2024 (UTC)

:Hello,
:I am still new to this, I don't see exactly what you did. Did you list the page numbers specifically instead of put them as superscript?
:Thanks :) [[User:Aboehmemason|Aboehmemason]] ([[User talk:Aboehmemason|talk]]) 23:24, 12 March 2024 (UTC)

User:Aboehmemason

2024-03-12T02:06:28Z

Aboehmemason: Added links and more about me.

{{Person infobox|name=Alexander Boehme - Mason|born=Jan 8, 1999|education=Bachelors of Science in Speech Language Pathology. Current Masters of Science student in Neuroscience.|occupation=Author, Photographer|location=United States}}

Alexander Boehme-Mason is the author of the book series Rise to Dust and is an avid Tolkien fan. He has a Bachelors in Speech Language Pathology and is in the middle of a Masters in Neuroscience. He has a particular love for the languages of Tolkien and specializes in the Black Speech of Mordor.

"Hello all, I am happy to help out with any article that we need. I try to be very thorough. I am a bit new to editing, so if you would like something done a certain way, please just let me know. Thanks!" - Alexander

== Links ==
https://www.alexanderboehmemasonbooks.com/ - Alexander's Book Website

User:Aboehmemason

2024-03-12T01:59:33Z

Aboehmemason: Added infobox

Cottage of the Play of Sleep

2024-03-11T22:01:43Z

Aboehmemason: Fixed Title

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Cottage of the Play of Sleep}}

The '''Cottage of the Children''', also called '''The Cottage of the Play of Sleep''' was a cottage in [[Valinor]], outside [[Kôr]]. There [[Mannish]] children played until it was abandoned by the [[Fairies]] and blocked forever with great impassable rocks. <ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]"</ref>

== History ==
During [[Eriol]]'s travels to [[Tol Eressëa]], he speaks with [[Lindo]] and his wife [[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]] in the [[Cottage of Lost Play]], which is the successor to the Cottage of the Children. He asks about the history of the cottage and Vairë tells him about both of them, saying that The Cottage of the Children was a building of white, almost pearl like material, that stood in Valinor. Mannish children would come and play there while their fathers wandered into Valinor, or came back unsatisfied with the lands after seeing Valinor. Few children entered the cottage, but the [[Eldar]] watched it secretly and jealously, until the time came for them to depart. Afterwards it was blocked by rocks and the fair gardens it stood in were abandoned, never to be returned to even after the [[Faring Forth]].<ref name=":0" />:18-19

The Men grew sad no longer seeing the Children, and so at the request of [[Meril-i-Turinqi]], Lindo and Vairë built the new Cottage of Lost Play. There, the children once more gathered and traveled to the [[Middle-earth|Great Lands]] from. <ref name=":0" />:20

== Description ==
The Cottage of the Children was described as white, shining with a pale light like a pearl. It is not known what it was made of or when, but it had also a roof of gold thatch. The walls were bent with age and it had many small lattice windows that were twisted into strange shapes. On one side stood a thicket of white lilac and on the other, a mighty yew, that the children would play on. Birds of every kind gathered and sang there. <ref name=":0" />:18-19

It was located in the fairest of gardens near a silver sea in Valinor and the city of Kôr was nearby. The path of Dreams, [[Olórë Mallë]] led to it. The path bore a great lattice gate.<ref name=":0" />:18

== In Other Versions of the Legendarium ==
The Cottage of the Children appears only in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales: Part One|The Book of Lost Tales]]''. [[Christopher Tolkien]] notes that the poetic renditions of the Cottage of Lost Play describe this Cottage of the Children, but that he cannot offer much insight, as much of this story was wholly abandoned by his father. He does state that one cottage exists, in Valinor and another on the isle of Tol Eressëa. <ref name=":0" />:27. 31

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Locations in The Book of Lost Tales]]

Cottage of the Play of Sleep

2024-03-11T21:57:48Z

Aboehmemason: Added Category.

The '''Cottage of the Children''', also called '''The Cottage of the Play of Sleep''' was a cottage in [[Valinor]], outside [[Kôr]]. There [[Mannish]] children played until it was abandoned by the [[Fairies]] and blocked forever with great impassable rocks. <ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]"</ref>

== History ==
During [[Eriol]]'s travels to [[Tol Eressëa]], he speaks with [[Lindo]] and his wife [[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]] in the [[Cottage of Lost Play]], which is the successor to the Cottage of the Children. He asks about the history of the cottage and Vairë tells him about both of them, saying that The Cottage of the Children was a building of white, almost pearl like material, that stood in Valinor. Mannish children would come and play there while their fathers wandered into Valinor, or came back unsatisfied with the lands after seeing Valinor. Few children entered the cottage, but the [[Eldar]] watched it secretly and jealously, until the time came for them to depart. Afterwards it was blocked by rocks and the fair gardens it stood in were abandoned, never to be returned to even after the [[Faring Forth]].<ref name=":0" />:18-19

The Men grew sad no longer seeing the Children, and so at the request of [[Meril-i-Turinqi]], Lindo and Vairë built the new Cottage of Lost Play. There, the children once more gathered and traveled to the [[Middle-earth|Great Lands]] from. <ref name=":0" />:20

== Description ==
The Cottage of the Children was described as white, shining with a pale light like a pearl. It is not known what it was made of or when, but it had also a roof of gold thatch. The walls were bent with age and it had many small lattice windows that were twisted into strange shapes. On one side stood a thicket of white lilac and on the other, a mighty yew, that the children would play on. Birds of every kind gathered and sang there. <ref name=":0" />:18-19

It was located in the fairest of gardens near a silver sea in Valinor and the city of Kôr was nearby. The path of Dreams, [[Olórë Mallë]] led to it. The path bore a great lattice gate.<ref name=":0" />:18

== In Other Versions of the Legendarium ==
The Cottage of the Children appears only in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales: Part One|The Book of Lost Tales]]''. [[Christopher Tolkien]] notes that the poetic renditions of the Cottage of Lost Play describe this Cottage of the Children, but that he cannot offer much insight, as much of this story was wholly abandoned by his father. He does state that one cottage exists, in Valinor and another on the isle of Tol Eressëa. <ref name=":0" />:27. 31

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Locations in The Book of Lost Tales]]

Cottage of the Play of Sleep

2024-03-11T21:56:58Z

Aboehmemason: Created page, history, description, and notes on why it is separate from the other cottage.

Cottage of Lost Play

2024-03-11T21:34:02Z

Aboehmemason: /* History */ fixed link

{{disambig-two|a location|chapter in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]''|[[The Cottage of Lost Play]]}}
{{stub}}
[[File:Amani Warrington - Cottage of Lost Play.jpg|thumb|''Cottage of Lost Play'' by [[:Category:Images by Amani Warrington|Amani Warrington]]]]

The '''Cottage of Lost Play''', was a dwelling located near the city of [[Kortirion]] on [[Tol Eressëa]]. It housed many [[Mannish]] children and was kept by [[Lindo]] and his wife [[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]]. [[Eriol]] the traveler visited it during his time on Tol Eressëa. <ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]"</ref>

== History ==
Eriol the mariner came to Tol Eressëa in search of strangle lands. There he wandered until he came to the center of the isle, where he visited many dwellings in hamlets he saw. As he grew tired one night, he made his way up a hill to a straight road bordered by a wall of grey stone topped with many flowers and yews. At the summit of the hill, he spotted a winding lane that led to The Cottage of Lost Play. <ref name=":0" />:13-14

There he knocked on the door, seeking information about it and wishing to lodge there for the night. The door was answered by Lindo and his wife Vairë who introduced themselves as masters of the house and gave its name as Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva. With them were many Mannish children, and a few other gnomes. They invited Eriol to stay there and have dinner with them. <ref name=":0" />:14

They entered the great hall where three great fires burned, and they were joined by many children at the sound of [[Gong of the Children|Tombo]], the Gong of the Children, which stands outside of the Hall of Play Regained. It rings once to summon all to dinner and thrice to summon all to the [[Room of Logs|Room of the Log Fire]] for story time. The three strikes make [[Littleheart]], the Gong Warden happiest. They sang the song of the [[Bringing of the Meats]], and Lindo blessed the meal and company. <ref name=":0" />:15-16

At dinner Lindo explained where Eriol had come, and discussed the city of Kortirion and its maiden, [[Meril-i-Turinqi]]. He spoke of the gathering of the wisest and fairest of the [[Eldar]] in this region, including his father [[Valwë]] and his wife's father [[Tulkastor]]. All but Eriol drank [[limpë]], which gave youth to the drinker, but that only Meril-i-Turinqi could give to those who were not already permitted to drink it. <ref name=":0" />:16-17

At the thrice ringing of the gong after dinner, they departed to the Room of Logs, where they gathered for story time. Lindo took to the chair and Vairë to a cushion beside him on the floor. The children followed in and Eriol asked to learn more of the Cottage of Lost Play. First, she told him of the cottage's predecessor, [[The Cottage of the Play of Sleep|The Cottage of the Children]], which lay in the fair gardens of Valinor beside a silver sea, not far from Kôr. She said this this cottage was often mistaken in songs of Men for the one they were in now. <ref name=":0" />:17-19

She described the original cottage as being reached by the path [[Olórë Mallë]]. The lane had a gate of lattice work that led to the fairest of the gardens, where the cottage stood. The cottage was white as if made of pearl, but that none knew what it was built of. Its roof was made of thatched gold. On the side stood a thicket of white lilac and at the other end, a mighty yew. The walls of the cottage were bent with age, and the many small lattice windows were twisted into strange shapes. No one dwelt in the cottage, and it was guarded secretly and jealously by the Eldar who watched the children play there. <ref name=":0" />:18-19

The children who played here were the children of the Men who had wandered into [[Valinor]] and either stayed or come back and stayed unsatisfied with the lands after seeing the glory of the undying lands. Some children would hear the piping of the [[Solosimpi]] and wander to [[Kôr]]. Though when the [[fairies]] left Kôr, the lane was blocked forever with impassable rocks and the cottage now stands empty and the garden bare and they will be until far after the [[Faring Forth]].<ref name=":0" />:19-20

The Men grew sad at not seeing the children any longer, and so asked the Eldar to help. Hence came Meril-i-Turinqi to Lindo and Vairë and asked them to devise a solution. The two built the new Cottage of Lost Play, where children can come and go from to the [[Middle-earth|Great Lands]], to help others there and return if they want, though some do not. <ref name=":0" />:20

== Description ==
The cottage was described as being located down the western slope of a hill in the center of Tol Eressëa, near the city of Kortirion. Eriol first saw it on his travels and noticed it was a tiny dwelling with many small windows that were "curtained snugly, yet only so that a most warm and delicious light, as of hearts content within, looked forth." <ref name=":0" />

Inside Eriol thought it to be spacious and delightful. It had several notable rooms: The great hall, wherein three great fires burned, the Hall of Play Regained, and the [[Room of Logs|Room of the Log Fire]], where the [[Tale-fire]] blazed magically, aiding the storytellers who spoke in there.<ref name=":0" />

==Other versions of the legendarium==
The Cottage of Lost Play appears only in the earliest version of the [[legendarium]] known as ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', which Tolkien wrote in the 1910's and contains many ideas which were later abandoned.<ref name=":0" />

==Etymology==
The name ''Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva'' is [[Qenya]] (the oldest form of Quenya) and consists of ''mar'' ("dwelling"),<ref>{{PE|14}} p. 15</ref> ''vanwa'' ("gone, on the road, past, over, lost")<ref>{{PE|12}} p. 99</ref> and ''tyalie''<ref>{{PE|12}} p. 49</ref> + adjectival ending ''-va''.<ref>{{PE|14}} p. 47</ref>

In a later text from the early 1950's, the name ''Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva'' is given as an alternative name of [[Rivendell]] and interpreted as "House of Past (or Departed) Mirth". The word ''Tyaliéva'' is here translated as ''tyalie'' "mirth" + the possessive case ending ''[[-va]]''.<ref>{{PE|21}} p. 80</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Buildings]]
[[Category:Locations in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Tol Eressëa]]

Cottage of Lost Play

2024-03-11T21:30:26Z

Aboehmemason: Fixed Typo

{{disambig-two|a location|chapter in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]''|[[The Cottage of Lost Play]]}}
{{stub}}
[[File:Amani Warrington - Cottage of Lost Play.jpg|thumb|''Cottage of Lost Play'' by [[:Category:Images by Amani Warrington|Amani Warrington]]]]

The '''Cottage of Lost Play''', was a dwelling located near the city of [[Kortirion]] on [[Tol Eressëa]]. It housed many [[Mannish]] children and was kept by [[Lindo]] and his wife [[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]]. [[Eriol]] the traveler visited it during his time on Tol Eressëa. <ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]"</ref>

== History ==
Eriol the mariner came to Tol Eressëa in search of strangle lands. There he wandered until he came to the center of the isle, where he visited many dwellings in hamlets he saw. As he grew tired one night, he made his way up a hill to a straight road bordered by a wall of grey stone topped with many flowers and yews. At the summit of the hill, he spotted a winding lane that led to The Cottage of Lost Play. <ref name=":0" />:13-14

There he knocked on the door, seeking information about it and wishing to lodge there for the night. The door was answered by Lindo and his wife Vairë who introduced themselves as masters of the house and gave its name as Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva. With them were many Mannish children, and a few other gnomes. They invited Eriol to stay there and have dinner with them. <ref name=":0" />:14

They entered the great hall where three great fires burned, and they were joined by many children at the sound of [[Gong of the Children|Tombo]], the Gong of the Children, which stands outside of the Hall of Play Regained. It rings once to summon all to dinner and thrice to summon all to the [[Room of Logs|Room of the Log Fire]] for story time. The three strikes make [[Littleheart]], the Gong Warden happiest. They sang the song of the [[Bringing of the Meats]], and Lindo blessed the meal and company. <ref name=":0" />:15-16

At dinner Lindo explained where Eriol had come, and discussed the city of Kortirion and its maiden, [[Meril-i-Turinqi]]. He spoke of the gathering of the wisest and fairest of the [[Eldar]] in this region, including his father [[Valwë]] and his wife's father [[Tulkastor]]. All but Eriol drank [[limpë]], which gave youth to the drinker, but that only Meril-i-Turinqi could give to those who were not already permitted to drink it. <ref name=":0" />:16-17

At the thrice ringing of the gong after dinner, they departed to the Room of Logs, where they gathered for story time. Lindo took to the chair and Vairë to a cushion beside him on the floor. The children followed in and Eriol asked to learn more of the Cottage of Lost Play. First, she told him of the cottage's predecessor, [[The Cottage of Children|The Cottage of the Children]], which lay in the fair gardens of Valinor beside a silver sea, not far from Kôr. She said this this cottage was often mistaken in songs of Men for the one they were in now. <ref name=":0" />:17-19

She described the original cottage as being reached by the path [[Olórë Mallë]]. The lane had a gate of lattice work that led to the fairest of the gardens, where the cottage stood. The cottage was white as if made of pearl, but that none knew what it was built of. Its roof was made of thatched gold. On the side stood a thicket of white lilac and at the other end, a mighty yew. The walls of the cottage were bent with age, and the many small lattice windows were twisted into strange shapes. No one dwelt in the cottage, and it was guarded secretly and jealously by the Eldar who watched the children play there. <ref name=":0" />:18-19

The children who played here were the children of the Men who had wandered into [[Valinor]] and either stayed or come back and stayed unsatisfied with the lands after seeing the glory of the undying lands. Some children would hear the piping of the [[Solosimpi]] and wander to [[Kôr]]. Though when the [[fairies]] left Kôr, the lane was blocked forever with impassable rocks and the cottage now stands empty and the garden bare and they will be until far after the [[Faring Forth]].<ref name=":0" />:19-20

The Men grew sad at not seeing the children any longer, and so asked the Eldar to help. Hence came Meril-i-Turinqi to Lindo and Vairë and asked them to devise a solution. The two built the new Cottage of Lost Play, where children can come and go from to the [[Middle-earth|Great Lands]], to help others there and return if they want, though some do not. <ref name=":0" />:20

== Description ==
The cottage was described as being located down the western slope of a hill in the center of Tol Eressëa, near the city of Kortirion. Eriol first saw it on his travels and noticed it was a tiny dwelling with many small windows that were "curtained snugly, yet only so that a most warm and delicious light, as of hearts content within, looked forth." <ref name=":0" />

Inside Eriol thought it to be spacious and delightful. It had several notable rooms: The great hall, wherein three great fires burned, the Hall of Play Regained, and the [[Room of Logs|Room of the Log Fire]], where the [[Tale-fire]] blazed magically, aiding the storytellers who spoke in there.<ref name=":0" />

==Other versions of the legendarium==
The Cottage of Lost Play appears only in the earliest version of the [[legendarium]] known as ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', which Tolkien wrote in the 1910's and contains many ideas which were later abandoned.<ref name=":0" />

==Etymology==
The name ''Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva'' is [[Qenya]] (the oldest form of Quenya) and consists of ''mar'' ("dwelling"),<ref>{{PE|14}} p. 15</ref> ''vanwa'' ("gone, on the road, past, over, lost")<ref>{{PE|12}} p. 99</ref> and ''tyalie''<ref>{{PE|12}} p. 49</ref> + adjectival ending ''-va''.<ref>{{PE|14}} p. 47</ref>

In a later text from the early 1950's, the name ''Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva'' is given as an alternative name of [[Rivendell]] and interpreted as "House of Past (or Departed) Mirth". The word ''Tyaliéva'' is here translated as ''tyalie'' "mirth" + the possessive case ending ''[[-va]]''.<ref>{{PE|21}} p. 80</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Buildings]]
[[Category:Locations in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Tol Eressëa]]

Talk:Cottage of Lost Play

2024-03-11T21:27:52Z

Aboehmemason: /* The Two Cottages */ new section

==Different Cottages==
According to the ''Book of Lost Tales Part 1'', in the chapter "The Cottage of Lost Play", the city of Kôr in Valinor was located near to a place of gardens where a white cottage was located. Children came there using the Path of Dreams. The text says "No one, 'tis said, dwelt in the cottage", but children came to play in it. "This was the Cottage of the Children, or of the Play of Sleep, and not of Lost Play, as has been wrongly said in song among Men - for no play was lost then, and here alas only and now is the Cottage of Lost Play." Later, following the poems in the chapter, Christopher Tolkien writes "It is notable that the poem was called ''The Cottage'', or ''The Little House of Lost Play'', whereas what is described is the Cottage of the Children in Valinor", and he acknowledges the earlier (quoted) statements of Vairë. Following this he says he will "not attempt any analysis or offer any elucidation of the ideas embodied in the 'Cottages of the Children'." ''Cottage of Lost Play'' in the index includes the "other names" "''Cottage of the Children, of the Children of the Earth, of the Play of Sleep; House of Lost Play; House of Memory''". It seems that the Cottage of Lost Play (Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva) was located in Kortirion on the Lonely Isle, and a separate Cottage of the Children/of the Play of Sleep was in Valinor near Kôr, but there is some confusion and blurring of the lines between the two "Cottages of the Children". I am not sure if something should be done here: Should each have a separate article? Or should both be included here, or under a Cottages of the Children article? Anyone have any suggestions/input? Thank you! --[[User:Grace18|Grace18]] 00:01, 30 November 2021 (UTC)

== I agree with Grace18 ==

Cottage of the Play of Sleep is a completely different thing from the Cottage of Lost Play. [[User:IvarTheBoneless|IvarTheBoneless]] ([[User talk:IvarTheBoneless|talk]]) 11:45, 7 July 2023 (UTC)

:See the talk page on Veanne for more information. [[User:IvarTheBoneless|IvarTheBoneless]] ([[User talk:IvarTheBoneless|talk]]) 11:47, 7 July 2023 (UTC)

== I Agree it should be Separate. ==

I will update the page. I read and re-read the text to see which seems most likely and to me it seems there are two separate cottages. I will make note of this on the page. [[User:Aboehmemason|Aboehmemason]] ([[User talk:Aboehmemason|talk]]) 20:01, 11 March 2024 (UTC)

== The Two Cottages ==

As mentioned above by Grace18, through thorough examination of the text (Book of Lost Tales Volume I -The Cottage of Lost Play), I have concluded the following for reasons that two cottages exist:

# The cottage of children was in Valinor near a silver sea, and from it you could reach Kôr nearby. Tol Eressëa was a stand-alone island, that even early as this time, Tolkien intended to be separate from Aman, as the isle was planned to become England in the future.
# Additionally, Vairë herself says that the old cottage was often mistaken in songs of men for this one.
# Vairë says the old cottage was sealed off by a rocks and abandoned and it would remain so even after the Fairing Forth. As they are inside a cottage now, it cannot be the same one.
# Vairë also states that the foundation of this old cottage leaned, and few entered in it. The nature of the residents of the cottage of lost play is wholly different as they now play inside here. And it is perhaps less likely Eriol would have found the cottage endearing and inviting if it leaned and had giant boulders lying about.
# Vairë says Meril-i-Turinqi asked Lindo and Vairë to build this new cottage. Vairë says, "here we builded of good magic this Cottage of Lost Play." It is unlikely that 'builded' even in its archaic sense means magically reformed instead of newly built as a stand-alone location.
# In the analysis section, Christopher Tolkien says that in the poem titled The Little House of Lost Play, the Cottage of Children was described in Valinor, near the city of Kôr, but according to Vairë, the cottage of Lost Play was not the same. He says he will offer little analysis as this story was full of abandoned ideas.

[[User:Aboehmemason|Aboehmemason]] ([[User talk:Aboehmemason|talk]]) 21:27, 11 March 2024 (UTC)

Cottage of Lost Play

2024-03-11T21:12:03Z

Aboehmemason: Added History and fixed that The Cottage of Lost Play is separate from the Cottage of Children. I have made a separate page for each. Read about my reasoning on the Discussion page.

{{disambig-two|a location|chapter in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]''|[[The Cottage of Lost Play]]}}
{{stub}}
[[File:Amani Warrington - Cottage of Lost Play.jpg|thumb|''Cottage of Lost Play'' by [[:Category:Images by Amani Warrington|Amani Warrington]]]]

The '''Cottage of Lost Play''', was a dwelling located near the city of [[Kortirion]] on [[Tol Eressëa]]. It housed many [[Mannish]] children and was kept by [[Lindo]] and his wife [[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]]. [[Eriol]] the traveler visited it during his time on Tol Eressëa. <ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]"</ref>

== History ==
Eriol the mariner came to Tol Eressëa in search of strangle lands. There he wandered until he came to the center of the isle, where he visited many dwellings in hamlets he saw. As he grew tired one night, he made his way up a hill to a straight road bordered by a wall of grey stone topped with many flowers and yews. At the summit of the hill, he spotted a winding lane that led to The Cottage of Lost Play. <ref name=":0" />:13-14

There he knocked on the door, seeking information about it and wishing to lodge there for the night. The door was answered by Lindo and his wife Vairë who introduced themselves as masters of the house and gave its name as Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva. With them were many Mannish children, and a few other gnomes. They invited Eriol to stay there and have dinner with them. <ref name=":0" />:14

They entered the great hall where three great fires burned, and they were joined by many children at the sound of [[Gong of the Children|Tombo]], the Gong of the Children, which stands outside of the Hall of Play Regained. It rings once to summon all to dinner and thrice to summon all to the [[Room of Logs|Room of the Log Fire]] for story time. The three strikes make [[Littleheart]], the Gong Warden happiest. They sang the song of the [[Bringing of the Meats]], and Lindo blessed the meal and company. <ref name=":0" />:15-16

At dinner Lindo explained where Eriol had come, and discussed the city of Kortirion and its maiden, [[Meril-i-Turinqi]]. He spoke of the gathering of the wisest and fairest of the [[Eldar]] in this region, including his father [[Valwë]] and his wife's father [[Tulkastor]]. All but Eriol drank [[limpë]], which gave youth to the drinker, but that only Meril-i-Turinqi could give to those who were not already permitted to drink it. <ref name=":0" />:16-17

At the thrice ringing of the gong after dinner, they departed to the Room of Logs, where they gathered for story time. Lindo took to the chair and Vairë to a cushion beside him on the floor. The children followed in and Eriol asked to learn more of the Cottage of Lost Play. First, she told him of the cottage's predecessor, [[The Cottage of Children]], which lay in the fair gardens of Valinor beside a silver sea, not far from Kôr. She said this this cottage was often mistaken in songs of Men for the one they were in now. <ref name=":0" />:17-19

She described the original cottage as being reached by the path [[Olórë Mallë]]. The lane had a gate of lattice work that led to the fairest of the gardens, where the cottage stood. The cottage was white as if made of pearl, but that none knew what it was built of. Its roof was made of thatched gold. On the side stood a thicket of white lilac and at the other end, a mighty yew. The walls of the cottage were bent with age, and the many small lattice windows were twisted into strange shapes. No one dwelt in the cottage, and it was guarded secretly and jealously by the Eldar who watched the children play there. <ref name=":0" />:18-19

The children who played here were the children of the Men who had wandered into [[Valinor]] and either stayed or come back and stayed unsatisfied with the lands after seeing the glory of the undying lands. Some children would hear the piping of the [[Solosimpi]] and wander to [[Kôr]]. Though when the [[fairies]] left Kôr, the lane was blocked forever with impassable rocks and the cottage now stands empty and the garden bare and they will be until far after the [[Faring Forth]].<ref name=":0" />:19-20

The Men grew sad at not seeing the children any longer, and so asked the Eldar to help. Hence came Meril-i-Turinqi to Lindo and Vairë and asked them to devise a solution. The two built the new Cottage of Lost Play, where children can come and go from to the [[Middle-earth|Great Lands]], to help others there and return if they want, though some do not. <ref name=":0" />:20

== Description ==
The cottage was described as being located down the western slope of a hill in the center of Tol Eressëa, near the city of Kortirion. Eriol first saw it on his travels and noticed it was a tiny dwelling with many small windows that were "curtained snugly, yet only so that a most warm and delicious light, as of hearts content within, looked forth." <ref name=":0" />

Inside Eriol thought it to be spacious and delightful. It had several notable rooms: The great hall, wherein three great fires burned, the Hall of Play Regained, and the [[Room of Logs|Room of the Log Fire]], where the [[Tale-fire]] blazed magically, aiding the storytellers who spoke in there.<ref name=":0" />

==Other versions of the legendarium==
The Cottage of Lost Play appears only in the earliest version of the [[legendarium]] known as ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', which Tolkien wrote in the 1910's and contains many ideas which were later abandoned.<ref name=":0" />

==Etymology==
The name ''Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva'' is [[Qenya]] (the oldest form of Quenya) and consists of ''mar'' ("dwelling"),<ref>{{PE|14}} p. 15</ref> ''vanwa'' ("gone, on the road, past, over, lost")<ref>{{PE|12}} p. 99</ref> and ''tyalie''<ref>{{PE|12}} p. 49</ref> + adjectival ending ''-va''.<ref>{{PE|14}} p. 47</ref>

In a later text from the early 1950's, the name ''Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva'' is given as an alternative name of [[Rivendell]] and interpreted as "House of Past (or Departed) Mirth". The word ''Tyaliéva'' is here translated as ''tyalie'' "mirth" + the possessive case ending ''[[-va]]''.<ref>{{PE|21}} p. 80</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Buildings]]
[[Category:Locations in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Tol Eressëa]]

Talk:Cottage of Lost Play

2024-03-11T20:01:46Z

Aboehmemason: /* I Agree it should be Separate. */ new section

Tol Eressëa

2024-03-11T19:25:20Z

Aboehmemason: /* The Second Age */ Added Reference for Second Age

{{expansion}}
{{location infobox
| name=Tol Eressëa
| image=[[File:Billy Mosig - Parting from Eressea.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Parting from Eressea" by Billy Mosig
| pronun={{respell|tol}} {{respell|eh|res|seh-ah}}
| othernames=The Lonely Island
| location=[[Aman]] off the coast of [[Valinor]], east of the [[Bay of Eldamar]]; surrounded by [[Enchanted Isles]]
| type=Island
| description=Arrowhead-shaped island, green and beautiful
| regions=
| settlements=[[Avallónë]][[Tathrobel]]<ref>{{MR|P3II1}}, pp. 199-200</ref><ref>{{LR|Quenta}}, p. 203</ref>[[Cortirion]]<ref>{{LR|Quenta}}, "The Conclusion of the ''Quenta Silmarillion''", §33, p. 334</ref>
| inhabitants=[[Eldar]], mostly [[Teleri]]
| created={{YT|1151}}
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Tol Eressëa''' was a large island off the coast of [[Eldamar]]. Its name translates from [[Quenya]] as the '''''Lonely Island''''', for it lay originally in the middle of the [[Belegaer]], far from any other landmasses.

[[Ulmo]] pushed it back and forth across [[Belegaer]] twice to transport the [[Elves]] to [[Aman]]. After that, it came to rest forever just off the eastern shore of that continent in the [[Bay of Eldamar]], and was inhabited by the [[Teleri]] of Aman, until they left for [[Alqualondë]].

With the end of the [[First Age]], many of the [[Eldar]] of [[Middle-earth]] (and the Teleri that never left it) went to Aman, and lived on the island of Tol Eressëa. Its principal location is the port city of [[Avallónë]] on the eastern shore.

==History==

==== The Founding of Tol Eressëa ====
When the time came for the [[Eldar]] to go to the undying lands of [[Aman]] in the west, the [[Valar]] bid [[Ulmo]] to bring them there safely. As they could not cross the treacherous pass of ice in the north called the [[Helcaraxë]] that connected the lands, Ulmo uprooted an island that was in the middle of [[Belegaer]], standing in the middle of the sea since the fall of the lamp [[Illuin]]. With the aid of his servants, he moved the island like a mighty ship to the east and anchored it in the [[Bay of Balar]]. Then the elven groups of the [[Vanyar]] and the [[Noldor]] went upon it and were drawn across the sea to Aman, where they came into the region of [[Valinor]]<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.47</ref>.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]"</ref>

The largest and latest group of the elves to depart, the [[Teleri]], reached the shores of [[Beleriand]] at the [[Mouths of Sirion]] and dwelt there for many years. There they took [[Olwë]] to be their king. Then [[Ossë]] and [[Uinen]] came and befriended them, with Ossë teaching them much sea lore and sea music. Ever after, the Teleri would be accounted as the best singers and mariners<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg. 51</ref> among the [[Quendi]].<ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.48</ref>

Across the sea in the west, [[Finwë]], who had been great friends with the Teleri, besought Ulmo to bring his friends to Aman if they would come. Ulmo agreed and brought the offer to the Teleri, which they accepted. Ossë was grieved at their departure, and so convinced a group to stay behind that would become the [[Falathrim]].<ref name=":0" />

The Teleri drew onto a great isle, which Ulmo dragged across the sea. Ossë followed Ulmo and when the isle reached the [[Bay of Eldamar]], he called to the Teleri who heard his voice and begged Ulmo to stay their voyage. Ulmo, understanding the hearts of the Teleri, and having spoken against their summons at the councils of the Valar, granted their request, and with Ossë the two rooted the island to the foundations of the sea. The isle was ever after called Tol Eressëa, the lonely isle.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.48-49</ref>

Finwë and the Valar grieved to know the group would not now come to Aman. And the Teleri on the isle began to grow apart from the mainland, abiding under the stars of heaven with the sight of Aman in the distance. This sundering led to the development of their own language, [[Telerin]]<ref>[[David Salo]], [[A Gateway to Sindarin]], The History of Sindarin</ref>.<ref name=":1">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.49</ref>

The Valar wished still to the see the Lonely Isle, and so created a gap in the [[Pelóri]] called the [[Calacirya]], and after the light of Aman reached the shores of Tol Eressëa and made the lands grow fertile and the waters around it shone in silver and gold. There on the isle, the first flowers east of the Pelóri grew.<ref name=":1" />

After the construction of the city of [[Tirion]], and the gifting of the white tree of [[Galathilion]] to the Eldar by [[Yavanna]], a seedling of Galathilion was given to the elves of Tol Eressëa, who planted it there and named it [[Celeborn (White Tree)|Celeborn]]. This tree would go on to later give the seedling [[Nimloth (tree)|Nimloth]] to the people of [[Númenóreans|Númenor]].<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg. 50</ref>

After many years, the Teleri were torn for the love of the sea and their desire to see the light of Valinor and their sundered kindred again. Therefore, Ulmo sent Ossë to the Teleri. Ossë taught them how to build ships and gave them many strong winged swans which pulled the ships to Aman. Many came and saw the realm of Aman. Most sailed their ships near the shores and walked in the waves on the beaches.<ref name=":2">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.51</ref>

The Noldor gave them many gems of opal, pale diamond and crystal, which the Teleri scattered across the shores of [[Elendë]]. They build on the shores of Aman, the new city of [[Alqualondë]]. The Teleri found many pearls at sea which they brought to adorn their halls and the mansion of Olwë there. The city was lit with many lamps and filled with their ships they carved into the shape of swans. And the gate of the harbor was an arch of living rock carved by the sea.<ref name=":2" />

==== The Second Age ====
After the imprisonment of [[Morgoth]] into the [[Void]] at the end of the [[First Age]], the [[Second Age]] began<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix B]], "The Tale of Years", "The Second Age".</ref>, and the Valar called the elves to return to the West. Those that came went and dwelt in the isle of Tol Eressëa, and in its chief city [[Avallónë]]. The tower of Avallónë is the first sight a mariner beholds when journeying to the Undying Lands. Ossë raised [[Númenor]] from out of the depths of the ocean and gifted it to the Edain. The Eldar brought flowers and fountains from Tol Eressëa and gifted them to the [[Númenóreans]]. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]"</ref><ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" Pg.247-248</ref>

The Númenóreans spoke [[Elvish]] which, they had learned from both the elves of Middle-Earth and Tol Eressëa. The Númenóreans could see Tol Eressëa from their isle, and from there, the elves would visit Númenor in oarless boats shaped like white birds. The elves brought many gifts including: birds of song, fragrant flowers, and herbs of great virtue. The chief most of the gifts was a seedling from their white tree, [[Celeborn (White Tree)|Celeborn]]. The seedling would grow to be [[Nimloth (tree)|Nimloth]], the White Tree of Númenor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.250-251</ref>

When the Númenóreans began to grow jealous of the lands of Aman and of the immortality of the west, the Eldar reported them to the Valar. [[Manwë]] sent them back as messengers to the men. The Eldar arrived at the Isle of Númenor during the reign of [[Tar-Atanamir]]. The Eldar tried to reason with them that the Eldar and the Edain were to have separate fates, but most of the men of Númenor would not listen and stopped welcoming death as part of their fate. The men drew into two groups thereafter: the [[King's Men]], who grew apart from the teachings and trust of the Eldar, and the [[Elf-friends|Elendili]], the elf-friends who still trusted in their ways. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.251-254</ref>

As the years went on, the Númenóreans drew further into their dark days, forsaking more and more the guidance of the Eldar and the decrees of the Valar. During the reign of [[Ar-Gimilzôr]], the White Tree was untended and the use of Elvish was forbade. Those that welcomed the ships of Eressëa were punished. The Valar grew angry with the Númenóreans and the ships from Eressëa never again visted Númenor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.256</ref>

Even when [[Tar-Palantir]] took the scepter, and wished again for friendship with the elves, they did not come and Avallónë was veiled in cloud, out of his sight.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.257</ref> [[Sauron]] deceived the twenty-fifth and final King of Númenor, [[Ar-Pharazôn]] into taking him as his hostage and later as an advisor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.258-263</ref>Sauron soon convinced Pharazôn to wage war against the Valar and defy the [[Ban of the Valar|ban]] that was laid upon them, forbidding them from entering Aman. This led to the downfall of Númenor, where Ar-Pharazôn gathered a great fleet of ships and sailed to the coat of Aman. From Avallónë the Eldar watched and mourned for the sun that was cut off by the cloud of the Númenóreans. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.259-266</ref>

Manwë called upon [[Ilúvatar]], who then opend a great chasm in the sea, into which all the faithless fleet sunk into alongside the entire island of Númenor. The lands of Aman and Tol Eressëa were drawn away from the reach of Men forever, into the realm of hidden things. Only nine ships of the Númenóreans escaped, carrying the Elendili, which went then to [[Middle-earth|Middle-Earth]] to establish their realms. Then only by those who were permitted could Aman and Eressëa be reached by way of the [[Straight Road]], which was a secret road that passed through the atmosphere of [[Ilmen]], and back down until it reached Eressëa and Aman again.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg. 266-269</ref>

==Flora==
Many beautiful trees grew on Eressëa, and their seedlings were gifted by the Eldar to [[Númenor]] to enrich the land.<ref>{{UT|Numenor}}</ref> Some of them were:
*[[Oiolairë]]
*[[Lairelossë]]
*[[Nessamelda]]
*[[Vardarianna]]
*[[Taniquelassë]]
*[[Yavannamírë]]
*[[Malinornë]]
*[[Lavaralda]]
*[[Elanor]]
*[[Lissuin]]

==Etymology==
Tol Eressëa is [[Quenya]], from ''[[tol]]'' "isle" and ''[[eressëa]]'' "lonely".{{fact}}

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In early versions of Tolkien's legendarium, the island was later visited by [[Ælfwine]] (or [[Eriol]]), an Anglo-Saxon from the early Middle Ages, which provided a framework for the tales that later became ''[[The Silmarillion]]''.

Most of ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'' occurs on Tol Eressëa. The island played a significant role in those early conflicting and revised versions, as the homeland of the Noldorin exiles. From those stories, [[Christopher Tolkien]] provided a comparative summary of its story: After the war between the [[Eldar]] and the [[Enemy]] in the [[Great Lands]] (i.e. Middle-earth), Eressea is the destination for the exiled [[Noldoli]] who were rescued from the Great Lands, as some were not allowed to return to Valinor. The exiles built many towns and villages, and places such as [[Tavrobel]], the central region of [[Alalminórë]] with the hill of [[Kôr]] where [[Ingil]] son of [[Ingwe|Inwe]] built [[Kortirion]]. The [[House of the Hundred Chimneys]] and the [[Cottage of Lost Play]] of Kortirion are also mentioned. These names do not exist in the later ''Silmarillion''.

The island was visited by [[Ottor Wǽfre]] who, after learning the ancient history of the [[Elder Days]] went to visit [[Gilfanon]] in Tavrobel, where he wrote it down. He married an Elf and had a son named [[Heorrenda]].

Tol Eressëa was drawn again east and anchored off the coasts of the Great Lands (at the geographical position of England), where the Lost Elves rose against the servants of Melko. When Osse attempted to drag the island back to the West, the western half broke off, forming the Isle of [[Iverin]] (Ireland).

After the defeat of the Elves in the battle of [[Ros]], they hid in Tol Eressëa, but were followed by evil men, [[Orcs]] and other creatures. The great [[Battle of the Heath of the Sky-roof]] between Men near Tavrobel causes the Elves to flee over the [[Gruir]] and the [[Afros]].

The Elves then faded, and most [[Men]] were now unable to see them. Eriol's sons, Hengest, Horsa, and Heorrenda, who were friendly to the Elves, conquered the island which became 'England'. From them the Angles have 'the true tradition of the fairies'. Hengest came to Kortirion (Warwick), Horsa to [[Taruithorn]] ([[Oxford]]) and Heorrenda to [[Tavrobel]] (Great Haywood).<ref>{{LT2|VI}}</ref>

A [[Gnomish]] name used for Tol Eressëa was '''''Dor Faidwen''''' ("Land of Release").<ref>{{LT1|I}}, pp. 13, 21</ref><ref>{{PE|11}}, pp. 5, 7</ref>

{{references}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tol Eressea}}
[[Category:Aman]]
[[Category:Islands]]
[[Category:Qenya locations]]
[[Category:Quenya locations]]
[[Category:Tol Eressëa| ]]
[[de:Tol Eressea]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/iles/tol_eressea]]
[[fi:Tol Eressëa]]

Tol Eressëa

2024-03-11T19:08:05Z

Aboehmemason: /* History */ Added Second Age History

{{expansion}}
{{location infobox
| name=Tol Eressëa
| image=[[File:Billy Mosig - Parting from Eressea.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Parting from Eressea" by Billy Mosig
| pronun={{respell|tol}} {{respell|eh|res|seh-ah}}
| othernames=The Lonely Island
| location=[[Aman]] off the coast of [[Valinor]], east of the [[Bay of Eldamar]]; surrounded by [[Enchanted Isles]]
| type=Island
| description=Arrowhead-shaped island, green and beautiful
| regions=
| settlements=[[Avallónë]][[Tathrobel]]<ref>{{MR|P3II1}}, pp. 199-200</ref><ref>{{LR|Quenta}}, p. 203</ref>[[Cortirion]]<ref>{{LR|Quenta}}, "The Conclusion of the ''Quenta Silmarillion''", §33, p. 334</ref>
| inhabitants=[[Eldar]], mostly [[Teleri]]
| created={{YT|1151}}
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Tol Eressëa''' was a large island off the coast of [[Eldamar]]. Its name translates from [[Quenya]] as the '''''Lonely Island''''', for it lay originally in the middle of the [[Belegaer]], far from any other landmasses.

[[Ulmo]] pushed it back and forth across [[Belegaer]] twice to transport the [[Elves]] to [[Aman]]. After that, it came to rest forever just off the eastern shore of that continent in the [[Bay of Eldamar]], and was inhabited by the [[Teleri]] of Aman, until they left for [[Alqualondë]].

With the end of the [[First Age]], many of the [[Eldar]] of [[Middle-earth]] (and the Teleri that never left it) went to Aman, and lived on the island of Tol Eressëa. Its principal location is the port city of [[Avallónë]] on the eastern shore.

==History==

==== The Founding of Tol Eressëa ====
When the time came for the [[Eldar]] to go to the undying lands of [[Aman]] in the west, the [[Valar]] bid [[Ulmo]] to bring them there safely. As they could not cross the treacherous pass of ice in the north called the [[Helcaraxë]] that connected the lands, Ulmo uprooted an island that was in the middle of [[Belegaer]], standing in the middle of the sea since the fall of the lamp [[Illuin]]. With the aid of his servants, he moved the island like a mighty ship to the east and anchored it in the [[Bay of Balar]]. Then the elven groups of the [[Vanyar]] and the [[Noldor]] went upon it and were drawn across the sea to Aman, where they came into the region of [[Valinor]]<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.47</ref>.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]"</ref>

The largest and latest group of the elves to depart, the [[Teleri]], reached the shores of [[Beleriand]] at the [[Mouths of Sirion]] and dwelt there for many years. There they took [[Olwë]] to be their king. Then [[Ossë]] and [[Uinen]] came and befriended them, with Ossë teaching them much sea lore and sea music. Ever after, the Teleri would be accounted as the best singers and mariners<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg. 51</ref> among the [[Quendi]].<ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.48</ref>

Across the sea in the west, [[Finwë]], who had been great friends with the Teleri, besought Ulmo to bring his friends to Aman if they would come. Ulmo agreed and brought the offer to the Teleri, which they accepted. Ossë was grieved at their departure, and so convinced a group to stay behind that would become the [[Falathrim]].<ref name=":0" />

The Teleri drew onto a great isle, which Ulmo dragged across the sea. Ossë followed Ulmo and when the isle reached the [[Bay of Eldamar]], he called to the Teleri who heard his voice and begged Ulmo to stay their voyage. Ulmo, understanding the hearts of the Teleri, and having spoken against their summons at the councils of the Valar, granted their request, and with Ossë the two rooted the island to the foundations of the sea. The isle was ever after called Tol Eressëa, the lonely isle.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.48-49</ref>

Finwë and the Valar grieved to know the group would not now come to Aman. And the Teleri on the isle began to grow apart from the mainland, abiding under the stars of heaven with the sight of Aman in the distance. This sundering led to the development of their own language, [[Telerin]]<ref>[[David Salo]], [[A Gateway to Sindarin]], The History of Sindarin</ref>.<ref name=":1">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.49</ref>

The Valar wished still to the see the Lonely Isle, and so created a gap in the [[Pelóri]] called the [[Calacirya]], and after the light of Aman reached the shores of Tol Eressëa and made the lands grow fertile and the waters around it shone in silver and gold. There on the isle, the first flowers east of the Pelóri grew.<ref name=":1" />

After the construction of the city of [[Tirion]], and the gifting of the white tree of [[Galathilion]] to the Eldar by [[Yavanna]], a seedling of Galathilion was given to the elves of Tol Eressëa, who planted it there and named it [[Celeborn (White Tree)|Celeborn]]. This tree would go on to later give the seedling [[Nimloth (tree)|Nimloth]] to the people of [[Númenóreans|Númenor]].<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg. 50</ref>

After many years, the Teleri were torn for the love of the sea and their desire to see the light of Valinor and their sundered kindred again. Therefore, Ulmo sent Ossë to the Teleri. Ossë taught them how to build ships and gave them many strong winged swans which pulled the ships to Aman. Many came and saw the realm of Aman. Most sailed their ships near the shores and walked in the waves on the beaches.<ref name=":2">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'': [[Of Eldamar and the Princes of the Eldalië]]" pg.51</ref>

The Noldor gave them many gems of opal, pale diamond and crystal, which the Teleri scattered across the shores of [[Elendë]]. They build on the shores of Aman, the new city of [[Alqualondë]]. The Teleri found many pearls at sea which they brought to adorn their halls and the mansion of Olwë there. The city was lit with many lamps and filled with their ships they carved into the shape of swans. And the gate of the harbor was an arch of living rock carved by the sea.<ref name=":2" />

==== The Second Age ====
After the imprisonment of [[Morgoth]] into the [[Void]] at the end of the [[First Age]], the [[Second Age]] began, and the Valar called the elves to return to the West. Those that came went and dwelt in the isle of Tol Eressëa, and in its chief city [[Avallónë]]. The tower of Avallónë is the first sight a mariner beholds when journeying to the Undying Lands. Ossë raised [[Númenor]] from out of the depths of the ocean and gifted it to the Edain. The Eldar brought flowers and fountains from Tol Eressëa and gifted them to the [[Númenóreans]]. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]"</ref><ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" Pg.247-248</ref>

The Númenóreans spoke [[Elvish]] which, they had learned from both the elves of Middle-Earth and Tol Eressëa. The Númenóreans could see Tol Eressëa from their isle, and from there, the elves would visit Númenor in oarless boats shaped like white birds. The elves brought many gifts including: birds of song, fragrant flowers, and herbs of great virtue. The chief most of the gifts was a seedling from their white tree, [[Celeborn (White Tree)|Celeborn]]. The seedling would grow to be [[Nimloth (tree)|Nimloth]], the White Tree of Númenor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.250-251</ref>

When the Númenóreans began to grow jealous of the lands of Aman and of the immortality of the west, the Eldar reported them to the Valar. [[Manwë]] sent them back as messengers to the men. The Eldar arrived at the Isle of Númenor during the reign of [[Tar-Atanamir]]. The Eldar tried to reason with them that the Eldar and the Edain were to have separate fates, but most of the men of Númenor would not listen and stopped welcoming death as part of their fate. The men drew into two groups thereafter: the [[King's Men]], who grew apart from the teachings and trust of the Eldar, and the [[Elf-friends|Elendili]], the elf-friends who still trusted in their ways. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.251-254</ref>

As the years went on, the Númenóreans drew further into their dark days, forsaking more and more the guidance of the Eldar and the decrees of the Valar. During the reign of [[Ar-Gimilzôr]], the White Tree was untended and the use of Elvish was forbade. Those that welcomed the ships of Eressëa were punished. The Valar grew angry with the Númenóreans and the ships from Eressëa never again visted Númenor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.256</ref>

Even when [[Tar-Palantir]] took the scepter, and wished again for friendship with the elves, they did not come and Avallónë was veiled in cloud, out of his sight.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.257</ref> [[Sauron]] deceived the twenty-fifth and final King of Númenor, [[Ar-Pharazôn]] into taking him as his hostage and later as an advisor. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.258-263</ref>Sauron soon convinced Pharazôn to wage war against the Valar and defy the [[Ban of the Valar|ban]] that was laid upon them, forbidding them from entering Aman. This led to the downfall of Númenor, where Ar-Pharazôn gathered a great fleet of ships and sailed to the coat of Aman. From Avallónë the Eldar watched and mourned for the sun that was cut off by the cloud of the Númenóreans. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg.259-266</ref>

Manwë called upon [[Ilúvatar]], who then opend a great chasm in the sea, into which all the faithless fleet sunk into alongside the entire island of Númenor. The lands of Aman and Tol Eressëa were drawn away from the reach of Men forever, into the realm of hidden things. Only nine ships of the Númenóreans escaped, carrying the Elendili, which went then to [[Middle-earth|Middle-Earth]] to establish their realms. Then only by those who were permitted could Aman and Eressëa be reached by way of the [[Straight Road]], which was a secret road that passed through the atmosphere of [[Ilmen]], and back down until it reached Eressëa and Aman again.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Akallabêth|''Akallabêth'': The Downfall of Númenor]]" pg. 266-269</ref>

==Flora==
Many beautiful trees grew on Eressëa, and their seedlings were gifted by the Eldar to [[Númenor]] to enrich the land.<ref>{{UT|Numenor}}</ref> Some of them were:
*[[Oiolairë]]
*[[Lairelossë]]
*[[Nessamelda]]
*[[Vardarianna]]
*[[Taniquelassë]]
*[[Yavannamírë]]
*[[Malinornë]]
*[[Lavaralda]]
*[[Elanor]]
*[[Lissuin]]

==Etymology==
Tol Eressëa is [[Quenya]], from ''[[tol]]'' "isle" and ''[[eressëa]]'' "lonely".{{fact}}

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In early versions of Tolkien's legendarium, the island was later visited by [[Ælfwine]] (or [[Eriol]]), an Anglo-Saxon from the early Middle Ages, which provided a framework for the tales that later became ''[[The Silmarillion]]''.

Most of ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'' occurs on Tol Eressëa. The island played a significant role in those early conflicting and revised versions, as the homeland of the Noldorin exiles. From those stories, [[Christopher Tolkien]] provided a comparative summary of its story: After the war between the [[Eldar]] and the [[Enemy]] in the [[Great Lands]] (i.e. Middle-earth), Eressea is the destination for the exiled [[Noldoli]] who were rescued from the Great Lands, as some were not allowed to return to Valinor. The exiles built many towns and villages, and places such as [[Tavrobel]], the central region of [[Alalminórë]] with the hill of [[Kôr]] where [[Ingil]] son of [[Ingwe|Inwe]] built [[Kortirion]]. The [[House of the Hundred Chimneys]] and the [[Cottage of Lost Play]] of Kortirion are also mentioned. These names do not exist in the later ''Silmarillion''.

The island was visited by [[Ottor Wǽfre]] who, after learning the ancient history of the [[Elder Days]] went to visit [[Gilfanon]] in Tavrobel, where he wrote it down. He married an Elf and had a son named [[Heorrenda]].

Tol Eressëa was drawn again east and anchored off the coasts of the Great Lands (at the geographical position of England), where the Lost Elves rose against the servants of Melko. When Osse attempted to drag the island back to the West, the western half broke off, forming the Isle of [[Iverin]] (Ireland).

After the defeat of the Elves in the battle of [[Ros]], they hid in Tol Eressëa, but were followed by evil men, [[Orcs]] and other creatures. The great [[Battle of the Heath of the Sky-roof]] between Men near Tavrobel causes the Elves to flee over the [[Gruir]] and the [[Afros]].

The Elves then faded, and most [[Men]] were now unable to see them. Eriol's sons, Hengest, Horsa, and Heorrenda, who were friendly to the Elves, conquered the island which became 'England'. From them the Angles have 'the true tradition of the fairies'. Hengest came to Kortirion (Warwick), Horsa to [[Taruithorn]] ([[Oxford]]) and Heorrenda to [[Tavrobel]] (Great Haywood).<ref>{{LT2|VI}}</ref>

A [[Gnomish]] name used for Tol Eressëa was '''''Dor Faidwen''''' ("Land of Release").<ref>{{LT1|I}}, pp. 13, 21</ref><ref>{{PE|11}}, pp. 5, 7</ref>

{{references}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tol Eressea}}
[[Category:Aman]]
[[Category:Islands]]
[[Category:Qenya locations]]
[[Category:Quenya locations]]
[[Category:Tol Eressëa| ]]
[[de:Tol Eressea]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/iles/tol_eressea]]
[[fi:Tol Eressëa]]

Tol Eressëa

2024-03-11T17:40:16Z

Aboehmemason: Added the history from the Silmarillion, Of Eldamar and the Princes of Eldalië.

Bringing in of the Meats

2024-03-11T06:14:03Z

Aboehmemason: Deleted About section to make it a summary instead.

The '''Bringing of the Meats''' was a song sung by the children in the [[Cottage of Lost Play]] during dinner upon the mariner [[Eriol]]'s visit. After the song was sung, the lord of the dwelling, [[Lindo]], blessed the meal and the company. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.16</ref>

=== Lyrics ===
The song does not have any noted lyrics.

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Songs]]

Bringing in of the Meats

2024-03-11T06:11:24Z

Aboehmemason: Bolded and added category.

== About ==
The '''Bringing of the Meats''' was a song sung by the children in the [[Cottage of Lost Play]] during dinner upon the mariner [[Eriol]]'s visit. After the song was sung, the lord of the dwelling, [[Lindo]], blessed the meal and the company. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.16</ref>

=== Lyrics ===
The song does not have any noted lyrics.

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Songs]]

Talk:Room of Logs

2024-03-11T06:06:18Z

Aboehmemason: /* Merge with Cottage of Lost Play */ Reply

== Merge with [[Cottage of Lost Play]] ==

We probably don't need articles for specific rooms, IMO this would be better as part of [[Cottage of Lost Play]]. {{user:Éowyn/sig}} 04:26, 11 March 2024 (UTC)

:Okay, I will move it there soon! [[User:Aboehmemason|Aboehmemason]] ([[User talk:Aboehmemason|talk]]) 06:06, 11 March 2024 (UTC)

User talk:Aboehmemason

2024-03-11T06:03:57Z

Aboehmemason: /* Edits to Room of Logs */ Reply

Bringing in of the Meats

2024-03-11T06:02:00Z

Aboehmemason: Added references tab.

== About ==
The Bringing of the Meats was a song sung by the children in the [[Cottage of Lost Play]] during dinner upon the mariner [[Eriol]]'s visit. After the song was sung, the lord of the dwelling, [[Lindo]], blessed the meal and the company. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.16</ref>

=== Lyrics ===
The song does not have any noted lyrics.

== References ==

Bringing in of the Meats

2024-03-11T06:01:30Z

Aboehmemason: Created page about the song

Lindo

2024-03-11T05:54:00Z

Aboehmemason: Added description section.

{{expansion}}
{{elves infobox
| image=
| name=Lindo
| pronun=
| othernames=''Glinda'' ([[Gnomish|G]])
| titles=
| position=keeper of the [[Cottage of Lost Play]]
| location=[[Tol Eressëa]]
| affiliation=
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=[[Valwë]]
| siblings=
| spouse=[[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]]
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Lindo''' was the wise keeper of the [[Cottage of Lost Play]] in [[Tol Eressëa]]. His wife was [[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]], and his father was [[Valwë]].<ref>{{LT1|I}}, p. 14 ff</ref>

== History ==
The mariner [[Eriol]], who searched for strange lands, eventually came to the isle of Tol Eressëa. There he wandered, until reaching the center of the isle and the city of [[Kortirion]]. Growing tired as the night drew in, he sought for a place to rest. He spotted The [[Cottage of Lost Play]], with its many small windows curtained snugly, filled with a warm light. He knocked on the door as was greeted by the Lord of the Cottage, Lindo and his wife Vairë. <ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.13-14</ref>

After introductions, Lindo explained that the dwelling was called Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva, or the Cottage of Lost Play. Alongside him were many other elves, and mannish children of various sizes. He perceived Eriol's curiosity and said, "Small is the dwelling, but smaller still are they that dwell here - for all who enter must be very small indeed, or of their own good wish become as very little folk even as they stand upon the threshold." <ref name=":0" />

Lindo and Vairë accepted Eriol's request for entrance and lodging, and invited him in. Soon after, they made their way to the great hall, where an evening meal was set out. [[Gong of the Children|Tombo]], the Gong of Children rang out and all the children of the dwelling joined them for supper, including [[Littleheart]], the Gong-warden. They sang the song of the [[Bringing of the Meats]] and Lindo blessed the food and company. <ref name=":1">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.14-16</ref>

During dinner, Eriol asked Lindo and his wife about the isle of Tol Eressëa. Lindo explained Eriol had come into the region of [[Alalminórë]], or the Land of Elms at the center of the isle, which was the fairest of the realms of Tol Eressëa, and then to the city above it of Kortirion. He told of the isle's leader [[Meril-i-Turinqi]], who was a descendant of [[Ingwë|Inwë]], the King of all the Eldar when they dwelt in [[Kôr]]. At this isle is where many of the wisest and fairest of all the Eldar gathered, including Lindo's father [[Valwë]], and his wife's father [[Tulkastor]]. <ref name=":1" />

All but Eriol filled their cups with [[limpë]], which was a special drink that would give youth, but that only Meril-i-Turinqi could give to one who was not Eldar or that already dwelt with them. The gong sounded again, and the company moved to the [[Room of Logs]] where a magic fire burnt endlessly. There they would gather often for story time and now Vairë told him the history of the land. She spoke of [[Olórë Mallë]], or the Path of Dreams, and of a white cottage that stood in its fairest garden. None knew of what it was built or when. This was then called the Cottage of Children and the Eldar guarded it fiercely, goading the children of men to play there. This was to protect them from straying into Valinor and abandoning their parents or returning and being unsatisfied with the world ever after. After the elves left Kôr, the Cottage of Children was abandoned and blocked off forever. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.17-19</ref>

Meril-i-Turinqi chose Lindo and Vairë to care for the remainder of the children who had been to Kôr. The two built the new Cottage of Lost Play where the children then lived, though some would depart to the [[Middle-earth|Great Lands]], and stay, becoming lost in the wonderous lands there. The rest return and bring stories to Lindo and Vairë. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.20</ref>

== Description ==
Lindo is referred to as [[Gnomes|gnome]] within the Cottage of Lost Play<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]"</ref>. Christopher Tolkien denotes gnomes was an earlier name given to the Second Kindred, the Noldoli (later [[Noldor]]). <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.21</ref>

== Etymology ==
''Lindo'' is a [[Qenya]] name, probably meaning "Singer". The [[Gnomish]] version of the name was '''''Glinda''''' (probably related to ''glin'' "sound, voice, utterance").<ref>{{PE|15}}, pp. 6, 7, 9</ref>

== Genealogy ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| | | WOD | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |WOD=[[wikipedia:Odin|Wóden]]}}
{{familytree| | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | HED | | | | | | | | TUL | | | | VAL |HED=[[Heden]]|TUL=[[Tulkastor]]|VAL=[[Valwë]]}}
{{familytree| |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| |}}
{{familytree| BEO | | EOH | | | | SIB | | VAI |~| LIN |BEO=[[Beorn (son of Heden)|Beorn]]|EOH=[[Eoh]]|SIB=''unknownsibling''|VAI=[[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]]|LIN='''LINDO'''}}
{{familytree| | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| CWE |y| ERI |~|~|y| NAI | | | | | | | | |CWE=[[Cwén]]|ERI=[[Eriol]]|NAI=[[Naimi]]}}
{{familytree| |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| HEN | | HOR | | HEO | | | | | | | | | | |HEN=[[wikipedia:Hengist and Horsa|Hengest]]|HOR=[[wikipedia:Hengist and Horsa|Horsa]]|HEO=[[Heorrenda]]}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

{{references}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Elves]]
[[Category:Qenya names]]
[[de:Lindo]]

Vairë (wife of Lindo)

2024-03-11T05:50:34Z

Aboehmemason: Added history and character description to page.

{{expansion}}
{{disambig-two|the wife of [[Lindo]]|the Valië|[[Vairë]]}}
{{noldor infobox
| image=
| name=Vairë
| people=[[Gnomes|Gnome]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Tol Eressëa]]
| affiliation=
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=[[Tulkastor]]
| siblings=Unnamed sibling (parent of [[Naimi]])<ref name="Naimi"/>
| spouse=[[Lindo]]
| children=
| gender=Female
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Vairë''' was the daughter of [[Tulkastor]] and the wife of [[Lindo]], the keeper of the [[Cottage of Lost Play]].<ref>{{LT1|I}}, p. 3</ref> Her niece [[Naimi]] married a [[Men|man]] named [[Eriol|Ottor]] named by the [[Elves]] Eriol.<ref name="Naimi">{{LT2|VI}}, p. 290</ref>

== History ==
During the mariner [[Eriol]]'s exploration of Tol Eressëa, Eriol sought a place to rest and came across the city of [[Kortirion]], and found within, The [[Cottage of Lost Play]], with its many small windows curtained snugly, filled with a warm light. He knocked on the door as was greeted by the Lord of the Cottage, Lindo and his wife Vairë. Lindo explained that the dwelling was called Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva, or the Cottage of Lost Play and that many other elves, and mannish children of various sizes lived among them. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.13-14</ref>

Lindo and Vairë accepted Eriol's request for entrance and lodging, and invited him in. Soon after, they made their way to the great hall, where an evening meal was set out. [[Gong of the Children|Tombo]], the Gong of Children rang out and all the children of the dwelling joined them for supper, including [[Littleheart]], the Gong-warden. They sang the song of the Bringing of the Meats and Lindo blessed the food and company. <ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.14-16</ref>

During dinner, Eriol asked Lindo and Vairë about the isle of Tol Eressëa. Lindo explained Eriol had come into the region of [[Alalminórë]], or the Land of Elms at the center of the isle, which was the fairest of the realms of Tol Eressëa, and then to the city above it of Kortirion. He told of the isle's leader [[Meril-i-Turinqi]], who was a descendant of [[Ingwë|Inwë]], the King of all the Eldar when they dwelt in [[Kôr]]. At this isle is where many of the wisest and fairest of all the Eldar gathered, including Lindo's father [[Valwë]], and his wife's father [[Tulkastor]]. <ref name=":0" />

All but Eriol filled their cups with [[limpë]], which was a special drink that would give youth, but that only Meril-i-Turinqi could give to one who was not Eldar or that already dwelt with them. The gong sounded again, and the company moved to the [[Room of Logs]] where a magic fire burnt endlessly. There they would gather often for story time and now Vairë told him the history of the land. She spoke of [[Olórë Mallë]], or the Path of Dreams, and of a white cottage that stood in its fairest garden. None knew of what it was built or when. This was then called the Cottage of Children and the Eldar guarded it fiercely, goading the children of men to play there. This was to protect them from straying into Valinor and abandoning their parents or returning and being unsatisfied with the world ever after. After the elves left Kôr, the Cottage of Children was abandoned and blocked off forever.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.17-19</ref>

Meril-i-Turinqi chose Lindo and Vairë to care for the remainder of the children who had been to Kôr. The two built the new Cottage of Lost Play where the children then lived, though some would depart to the [[Middle-earth|Great Lands]], and stay, becoming lost in the wonderous lands there. The rest return and bring stories to Lindo and Vairë. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.20</ref>

== Description ==
Vairë is referred to as [[Gnomes|gnome]] within the Cottage of Lost Play<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" </ref>. Christopher Tolkien denotes gnomes was an earlier name given to the Second Kindred, the Noldoli (later [[Noldor]]). <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.21</ref>

== Genealogy ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| | | WOD | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |WOD=[[wikipedia:Odin|Wóden]]}}
{{familytree| | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | HED | | | | | | | | TUL | | | | VAL |HED=[[Heden]]|TUL=[[Tulkastor]]|VAL=[[Valwë]]}}
{{familytree| |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| |}}
{{familytree| BEO | | EOH | | | | SIB | | VAI |~| LIN |BEO=[[Beorn (son of Heden)|Beorn]]|EOH=[[Eoh]]|SIB=''unknownsibling''|VAI='''VAIRË'''|LIN=[[Lindo]]}}
{{familytree| | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| CWE |y| ERI |~|~|y| NAI | | | | | | | | |CWE=[[Cwén]]|ERI=[[Eriol]]|NAI=[[Naimi]]}}
{{familytree| |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| HEN | | HOR | | HEO | | | | | | | | | | |HEN=[[wikipedia:Hengist and Horsa|Hengest]]|HOR=[[wikipedia:Hengist and Horsa|Horsa]]|HEO=[[Heorrenda]]}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>
{{title}}
{{references}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Gnomes]]

Room of Logs

2024-03-11T04:21:11Z

Aboehmemason: Made page for Room of Logs

== About ==
The Room of Logs was a room found in the [[Cottage of Lost Play]] on the isle of [[Tol Eressëa]]. It was described as having a hearth with a magic fire called the Tale-fire, which burned red and never went out. It was said to help storytellers give their tales. <ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.15-20</ref>

== History ==
During the traveler [[Eriol]]'s stay in the Cottage of Lost Play, the caretakers of the house, [[Lindo]] and his wife [[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]] took Eriol into the Room of Logs to tell him about the land of Tol Eressëa. There sat Lindo in his chair by the fire, and Vairë at his feet. Alongside them joined many children to listen to the tales of the land as they often did at each thrice sounding of [[Gong of the Children|Tombo]], the Gong of the Children. <ref name=":0" />

== Description ==
The room was described as having a low ceiling, with many soft rugs and cushions and a deep chair with carven arms and feet. A great hearth was there which burned with the red flamed Tale-fire, which was magic and never went out. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.17</ref>

== Alternate Names ==
The Room of Logs was also called the Room of the Log Fire.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.15</ref>

User:Aboehmemason

2024-03-11T03:57:24Z

Aboehmemason: Fixed typos.

Alexander Boehme-Mason is the author of the book series Rise to Dust and is an avid Tolkien fan. He has a Bachelors in Speech Language Pathology and is in the middle of a Masters in Neuroscience. He has a particular love for the languages of Tolkien and specializes in the Black Speech of Mordor.

User:Aboehmemason

2024-03-11T03:55:56Z

Aboehmemason: Added About Section

Alexander Boehme-Mason is the author of the book series Rise to Dust, and is an avid Tolkien fan. He has a Bachelors in Speech Language Pathology and is in the middle of a Masters in Neuroscience. He has a particular love for the languages of Tolkien and speacializes in the Black Speech of Mordor.

Lindo

2024-03-11T03:50:02Z

Aboehmemason: I added the history from the chapter the cottage of lost play.

{{expansion}}
{{elves infobox
| image=
| name=Lindo
| pronun=
| othernames=''Glinda'' ([[Gnomish|G]])
| titles=
| position=keeper of the [[Cottage of Lost Play]]
| location=[[Tol Eressëa]]
| affiliation=
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=[[Valwë]]
| siblings=
| spouse=[[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]]
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
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}}
'''Lindo''' was the wise keeper of the [[Cottage of Lost Play]] in [[Tol Eressëa]]. His wife was [[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]], and his father was [[Valwë]].<ref>{{LT1|I}}, p. 14 ff</ref>

== History ==
The mariner [[Eriol]], who searched for strange lands, eventually came to the isle of Tol Eressëa. There he wandered, until reaching the center of the isle and the city of [[Kortirion]]. Growing tired as the night drew in, he sought for a place to rest. He spotted The [[Cottage of Lost Play]], with its many small windows curtained snugly, filled with a warm light. He knocked on the door as was greeted by the Lord of the Cottage, Lindo and his wife Vairë. <ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.13-14</ref>

After introductions, Lindo explained that the dwelling was called Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva, or the Cottage of Lost Play. Alongside him were many other elves, and mannish children of various sizes. He perceived Eriol's curiosity and said, "Small is the dwelling, but smaller still are they that dwell here - for all who enter must be very small indeed, or of their own good wish become as very little folk even as they stand upon the threshold." <ref name=":0" />

Lindo and Vairë accepted Eriol's request for entrance and lodging, and invited him in. Soon after, they made their way to the great hall, where an evening meal was set out. [[Gong of the Children|Tombo]], the Gong of Children rang out and all the children of the dwelling joined them for supper, including Littleheart, the Gong-warden. They sang the song of the Bringing of the Meats and Lindo blessed the food and company. <ref name=":1">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.14-16</ref>

During dinner, Eriol asked Lindo and his wife about the isle of Tol Eressëa. Lindo explained Eriol had come into the region of [[Alalminórë]], or the Land of Elms at the center of the isle, which was the fairest of the realms of Tol Eressëa, and then to the city above it of Kortirion. He told of the isle's leader [[Meril-i-Turinqi]], who was a descendant of [[Ingwë|Inwë]], the King of all the Eldar when they dwelt in [[Kôr]]. At this isle is where many of the wisest and fairest of all the Eldar gathered, including Lindo's father [[Valwë]], and his wife's father [[Tulkastor]]. <ref name=":1" />

All but Eriol filled their cups with [[limpë]], which was a special drink that would give youth, but that only Meril-i-Turinqi could give to one who was not Eldar or that already dwelt with them. The gong sounded again, and the company moved to the [[Room of Logs]] where a magic fire burnt endlessly. There they would gather often for story time and now Vairë told him the history of the land. She spoke of [[Olórë Mallë]], or the Path of Dreams, and of a white cottage that stood in its fairest garden. None knew of what it was built or when. This was then called the Cottage of Children and the Eldar guarded it fiercely, goading the children of men to play there. This was to protect them from straying into Valinor and abandoning their parents or returning and being unsatisfied with the world ever after. After the elves left Kôr, the Cottage of Children was abandoned and blocked off forever. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.17-19</ref>

Meril-i-Turinqi chose Lindo and Vairë to care for the remainder of the children who had been to Kôr. The two built the new Cottage of Lost Play where the children then lived, though some would depart to the [[Middle-earth|Great Lands]], and stay, becoming lost in the wonderous lands there. The rest return and bring stories to Lindo and Vairë. <ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'', "I. [[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" p.20</ref>

== Etymology ==
''Lindo'' is a [[Qenya]] name, probably meaning "Singer". The [[Gnomish]] version of the name was '''''Glinda''''' (probably related to ''glin'' "sound, voice, utterance").<ref>{{PE|15}}, pp. 6, 7, 9</ref>

== Genealogy ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| | | WOD | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |WOD=[[wikipedia:Odin|Wóden]]}}
{{familytree| | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | HED | | | | | | | | TUL | | | | VAL |HED=[[Heden]]|TUL=[[Tulkastor]]|VAL=[[Valwë]]}}
{{familytree| |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| |}}
{{familytree| BEO | | EOH | | | | SIB | | VAI |~| LIN |BEO=[[Beorn (son of Heden)|Beorn]]|EOH=[[Eoh]]|SIB=''unknownsibling''|VAI=[[Vairë (wife of Lindo)|Vairë]]|LIN='''LINDO'''}}
{{familytree| | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| CWE |y| ERI |~|~|y| NAI | | | | | | | | |CWE=[[Cwén]]|ERI=[[Eriol]]|NAI=[[Naimi]]}}
{{familytree| |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| HEN | | HOR | | HEO | | | | | | | | | | |HEN=[[wikipedia:Hengist and Horsa|Hengest]]|HOR=[[wikipedia:Hengist and Horsa|Horsa]]|HEO=[[Heorrenda]]}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

{{references}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Elves]]
[[Category:Qenya names]]
[[de:Lindo]]