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Valaróma

2024-08-13T03:12:10Z

Ebakunin:

[[File:Anna Kulisz - Valar - Orome.jpg|thumb|250px|''Valar - Orome'' by [[:Category:Images by Anna Kulisz|Anna Kulisz]]]]

The '''Valaróma''' was the horn of the [[Valar|Vala]] [[Oromë]], the Huntsman of the Valar.

==History==
Upon first settling in [[Aman]], Oromë would often use Valaróma in the woods of [[Yavanna]] in [[Valinor]] to train his followers against [[Melkor]]. It was said that Valaróma could be heard above all other horns, for its sound was like lightning cleaving the clouds,<ref>{{S|Vala}}</ref> echoing the mountains, and forcing [[shadow]]s to flee, even causing [[Melkor]] to quail in [[Utumno]].<ref>{{S|Days}}</ref>

After Melkor and [[Ungoliant]] [[Darkening of Valinor|killed]] the [[Two Trees]], Oromë tried to blow Valaróma to disperse the [[Unlight|Cloud of Ungoliant]], only to be met with disappointment when the sound faltered and failed him.<ref>{{S|Darkening}}</ref>

In [[Beleriand]], when the [[Sindar]] heard Valaróma, they knew that once again the hunter was pursuing the servants of [[Morgoth]].<ref>{{S|Sindar}}</ref>

==Etymology==
''Valaróma'' is [[Quenya]], and contains ''rom-'' ("horn noise"), same as in ''Oromë''.<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, entry ''rom-''</ref> An early name was ''Rombaras''.<ref>{{MR|P1}}, p. 7</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Musical instruments]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[de:Valaróma]]
[[fr:encyclo/artefacts/valaroma]]
[[fi:Valaróma]]

Template talk:Pronounce

2024-05-30T14:36:40Z

Ebakunin: /* Duplicate text */ new section

A simple workaround for the well-known glitch of this template is to include it under the Etymology section (where there is one). Normally there are no pictures under that section. [[User:Sage|Sage]] 22:29, 6 August 2014 (UTC)

== Duplicate text ==

Is there a reason that the file name is repeated at the top of the template? i.e. <nowiki>[[:File:{{{1}}}]]</nowiki> and <nowiki>[[File:{{{1}}}]]</nowiki> [[User:Ebakunin|ebakunin]] ([[User talk:Ebakunin|talk]]) 14:36, 30 May 2024 (UTC)

Finduilas

2024-05-30T14:29:53Z

Ebakunin: Spelling

__NOTOC__
{{disambig-two|the daughter of [[Orodreth]]|wife of [[Denethor]]|[[Finduilas (wife of Denethor)|Finduilas]]}}
{{noldor infobox
| name=Finduilas
| image=[[File:Elena Kukanova - Princess of Nargothrond.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Princess of Nargothrond" by [[Elena Kukanova]]
| pronun=
| othernames=''Faelivrin'' ([[Sindarin|S]], ''[[epessë]]'')
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Nargothrond]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Sindarin]]
| birth=''Possibly'' {{FA|272}}<ref>{{NM|P1x}}, p. 72</ref><ref group=note>The figure of {{FA|272}} is the most recent date that [[Tolkien]] gave for Finduilas' year of birth ''in [[Beleriand]]''. In the same complex of texts in which this figure appears, Tolkien later decided that Finduilas was the youngest of the [[Exiled Noldor]] (thus born in [[Aman]]) - however, years later (c. [[1965]]), Tolkien decided to make Finduilas the sister of [[Gil-galad]], born to [[Orodreth]] and an unnamed [[Sindar|Sindarin]] lady: thus placing her birth in Beleriand once again, hence the adoption of the {{FA|272}} date.</ref>
| birthlocation=[[Beleriand]]
| rule=
| death={{FA|495}}<ref>{{WJ|Hurin}}, entry '''495''', p. 256</ref>
| deathlocation=[[Crossings of Taeglin]]
| age=223
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]
| parentage=[[Orodreth]] (father) Unnamed [[Sindar|Sindarin]] mother<ref name=Find>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of Finwë's descendants'', ''The parentage of Gil-galad'', p. 350</ref>
| siblings=[[Gil-galad]]
| spouse=Betrothed to [[Gwindor]]; never married Loved [[Túrin]]
| children=
| gender=Female
| height=
| hair=Golden
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Finduilas''' was a [[Noldor|Noldorin]] princess of the [[First Age]]. She was the daughter of [[Orodreth]], the ruler of [[Nargothrond]], and the sister of [[Gil-galad]].<ref name=Find/>

== History ==
Finduilas lived in Nargothrond with her father and brother under the rule of [[Finrod|Finrod Felagund]]. She was betrothed to [[Gwindor]], who named her '''Faelivrin''', which meant "Gleam of the Sun on the [[Pools of Ivrin]]".<ref name="CH10">{{CH|10}}</ref>
[[File:Elena Kukanova - Nargothrond - Turin and Finduilas.jpg|thumb|150px|left|''Nargothrond - Turin and Finduilas'' by [[Elena Kukanova]]]]
Her betrothed was captured in {{FA|472}} during the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad|Battle of Unnumbered Tears]] by [[Morgoth]],<ref>{{GA|227}}</ref> but he returned in {{FA|490|n}} with a companion<ref>{{GA|267}}</ref> who called himself ''[[Agarwaen]], son of [[Úmarth]]'' ("Bloodstained, son of the Cursed"). Unknown to Finduilas, this was actually [[Túrin]] son of [[Húrin]].

Despite her old feelings for Gwindor, who was now mutilated, Finduilas fell in love with noble Túrin who became an influential warrior of Nargothrond. Túrin failed to notice her feelings, she reminded him of [[Lalaith]], the sister he lost in childhood. Gwindor realized that Finduilas had fallen in love with Túrin, and revealed his name to her in an attempt to discourage her pursuit.<ref name="CH10"/>

At the [[Sack of Nargothrond]] by [[Glaurung]], Finduilas was captured. Gwindor was slain after ordering Túrin to protect Finduilas as only she could save him from his fate; however he was entranced by the dragon, and he could not hear Finduilas' cries as she was being dragged past him by the [[Orcs]] as a captive for [[Angband]].<ref>{{CH|11}}</ref>

Due to Glaurung's deceit, Túrin abandoned Finduilas and instead went to [[Hithlum]] in search for his kin. When the Orcs were waylaid by the [[Haladin]] of [[Brethil]] at the [[Crossings of Teiglin]] they killed all their captives, pinning Finduilas to a tree with a spear.

By this time, Túrin had regained his senses, and the Haladin buried her in a mound they called ''[[Haudh-en-Elleth]]'' ("Mound of the Elf-maiden").<ref>{{CH|13}}</ref>

== Etymology ==
{{Pronounce|Finduilas.mp3|Ardamir}}
The name ''Finduilas'' is a [[Sindarin]] name. The first element of the name seems to be ''[[fîn]]'' ("hair"), but the etymology of the rest of her name is unclear.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Paul Strack]]|articleurl=https://eldamo.org/content/words/word-307788327.html|articlename=S. ''Finduilas'' f.|website=Eldamo|accessed=10 September 2023}}</ref>

A similar name in [[Noldorin]], "[https://eldamo.org/content/words/word-1734642273.html?neo Mindor Uilas]" from a draft of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', was suggested by [[Roman Rausch]] to translate as "Isolated Mountain of Ever-leaf".

== Other names ==
Finduilas was also called '''''Faelivrin''''' ("Gleam of the [[Sun]] on the Pools of [[Ivrin]]") in Sindarin, from ''[[fael]]'' ("gleam of the sun") + the proper name ''[[Ivrin]]''.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Paul Strack]]|articleurl=https://eldamo.org/content/words/word-1420957629.html|articlename=S. ''Faelivrin'' f.|website=Eldamo|accessed=10 September 2023}}</ref>

== Genealogy[[Finduilas#Notes|NB]] ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]] ''d. {{YT|1170}}''|FIN=[[Finwë]] ''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|OLW=[[Olwë]] ''b. {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]] ''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FDS=[[Findis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]] ''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRM=[[Írimë]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FRF=[[Finarfin]] ''b. {{YT|1230}}''|EAW=[[Eärwen]] ''b. {{YT}}''|SON=''unknown sons''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL |FRD=[[Finrod]] ''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''|ANG=[[Angrod]] ''d. {{FA|455}}''|AEG=[[Aegnor]] ''d. {{FA|455}}''|GAL=[[Galadriel]] ''b. {{YT|1362}}''|ELD=[[Eldalótë]] ''b. {{YT}}''|CEL=[[Celeborn]] ''b. {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | |ORO=[[Orodreth]] ''d. {{FA|495}}''|CLB=[[Celebrían]] ''b. {{SA|300}}''|ELR=[[Elrond]] ''b. {{FA|532}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | FIL | | GIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW |GIL=[[Gil-galad]] ''d. {{SA|3441}}''|FIL='''FINDUILAS''' ''{{FA|272}} - {{FA|495|n}}''|ELL=[[Elladan]] ''b. {{TA|130}}''|ELO=[[Elrohir]] ''b. {{TA|130}}''|ARW=[[Arwen]] ''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

== Other versions of the legendarium ==
{{expansion}}
===The Book of Lost Tales===
In the earliest version of the [[legendarium]] in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', the character appears as '''Failivrin''' being one of the [[Rodothlim]], daughter of the [[Gnome]] [[Galweg]]. When [[Túrin]] joined their people, he usually helped her father in the fight against the [[Orcs]], so she could see him often. She became captivated by Túrin's hidden sadness, but as he had a hardened heart, she wept in secret for him, "and she grew so pale that folk marveled at the whiteness and delicacy of her face and her bright eyes that shone therein".<ref>{{LT2|II}}, pp. 82-3</ref>

{{references|notes}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Finduilas}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Children of Húrin]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]
[[Category:Moriquendi]]
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[Category:Noldorin names]]
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Finduilas aus Nargothrond]]
[[fi:Finduilas (haltia)]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/finduilas]]

Hill of the Slain

2024-01-30T23:31:51Z

Ebakunin:

{{location infobox
| name=Hill of the Slain
| image=[[File:Ted Nasmith - The Hill of Slain.jpg|250px]]
| caption="The Hill of Slain" by [[Ted Nasmith]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Haudh-en-Ndengin, Hill of Tears, Haudh-en-Nirnaeth
| location=Anfauglith
| type=Burial mound
| description=
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=
| created={{FA|472}}
| destroyed=
| events=[[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]]
| gallery=the Hill of the Slain
}}
The '''Hill of the Slain''', or '''Haudh-en-Ndengin''' in [[Sindarin]], was a huge green mound that stood alone in the middle of the burned and ruined land of [[Anfauglith]]. It had been raised by [[Morgoth]]'s [[Orcs]] after the victory in the terrible battle of [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]], and beneath it lay the bodies of the [[Elves]] and [[Edain]] slain in that battle, along with their gear and weaponry.<ref name="Fifth">{{S|Fifth}}</ref>

Among the many slain heroes beneath the mound was [[Huor]], the brother of [[Húrin]] and great-grandfather of [[Elrond]]. According to some tales, Morgoth went there to taunt his prisoner Húrin after the Nirnaeth.<ref>{{CH|3}}, p. 63</ref> Huor's wife [[Rían]] also went to the mound seeking her lost husband. When she came to the Hill of the Slain, she laid down in grief and died.<ref>{{S|Turin}}</ref>

==Etymology==
Haudh-en-Ndengin was also known as '''Hill of Tears''' ('''Haudh-en-Nirnaeth''' in [[Sindarin]]).<ref name="Fifth"/> In [[Dor-Lómin]] it was known simply as the '''Great Mound'''.<ref>{{CH|12}}</ref>

In one manuscript, the mound was called '''''Hauð-na-Dengin''''' ([[Sindarin]] for "Mound of the Slain"<ref>{{VT|50a}}, p. 23</ref>).<ref>{{GA|219}}, p. 72</ref>

==See also==
*[[:Category:Images of the Hill of the Slain|Images of the Hill of the Slain]]

{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Graves and tombs]]
[[Category:Hills]]
[[de:Haudh-en-Ndengin]]
[[fi:Haudh-en-Ndengin]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/tombes/haudh-en-ndengin]]

Thingol

2024-01-11T19:04:32Z

Ebakunin:

{{cleanup}}
{{sindar infobox
| name=Thingol
| image=[[File:Kimberly - Nauglamir Thingol.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Nauglamir Thingol" by [[:Category:Images by Kimberly|Kimberly]]
| pronun=[[Sindarin|S]], {{IPA|[ˈelu]}} {{IPA|[ˈθiŋɡol]}}
| othernames=''[[Elu]]'' ([[Sindarin|S]]) ''[[Elwë]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]]) ''[[Singollo]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Epessë|an]])
| titles=Greycloak King Greymantle The Hidden King [[King of Doriath]] Lord of Beleriand
| position=
| location=[[Cuiviénen]] [[Doriath]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Common Eldarin]] [[Doriathrin]] ([[Sindarin]] dialect)
| birth=Between {{YT|1050}} & {{YT|1102|n}}
| birthlocation=[[Cuiviénen]]
| rule={{YT|1152}} - {{FA|503}}
| death={{FA|503}}<ref group="note">Thingol's death is indeed placed under {{YS|503}} in the final version of the [[The Tale of Years (The War of the Jewels)|The Tale of Years]] from ''[[The War of the Jewels]]'', but there he was killed in the battle with the Dwarves. However, according to the narrative introduced after much hesitation into the published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'' by [[Christopher Tolkien]], it occurred immediately after the reforging of the [[Nauglamír]].</ref>
| deathlocation=[[Menegroth]]
| age=at least 4,316<ref group="note">[[Years of the Sun]]. Each [[Years of the Trees|Year of the Trees]] is equal to 9.582 Years of the Sun, and the Years of the Trees ended in the [[Year of the Trees 1500|year 1500]].</ref>
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=Unknown (descendant of [[Enel]] & [[Enelyë]])<ref>{{NM|P1xvii}}, p. 127</ref>
| siblings=[[Olwë]] [[Elmo]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>
| spouse=[[Melian]]
| children=[[Lúthien]] Fostered [[Túrin]]
| gender=Male
| height=The tallest of all the [[Children of Ilúvatar]]<ref name=Princes>{{S|Princes}}</ref><ref>{{AA|74}}, p. 86</ref><ref name=Hair>{{GA|16}}, p. 9</ref>
| hair=Grey silver<ref name=Princes/><ref name=Hair/>
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=[[Aranrúth]]
| steed=
}}
{{Quote|In Beleriand King Thingol upon his throne was as the lords of the [[Maiar]], whose power is at rest, whose joy is as an air that they breathe in all their days, whose thought flows in a tide untroubled from the heights to the deeps.|''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Sindar]]"}}

'''Thingol''', also known as '''Elu''', was one of the two kings of the [[Teleri]], the other being his younger<ref name=PM>{{PM|Last}}, "Círdan", p. 385</ref> brother [[Olwë]]. He was also the [[King of Doriath]] and the greatest lord of the [[Sindar]]. Known as '''Elwë''' during the first years of the [[Eldar]], he was the older brother of Olwë and [[Elmo]]. He was also a good friend of [[Finwë]], [[King of the Noldor]]. His hair was silver and he was the tallest of all Elves and Men.<ref name=Princes/> As the ''de facto'' "Lord of [[Beleriand]]," Thingol would become a central figure of the [[First Age]], instigating the [[Quest for the Silmaril]], the greatest victory of the Age, but ultimately the cause of his own doom.

== History ==
=== Ambassador of the Valar ===
Thingol was born at [[Cuiviénen]] in the days before the [[Sun]] and the [[Moon]], when [[Middle-earth]] was lit only by starlight.

After the [[Chaining of Melkor]], the [[Valar|Vala]] [[Oromë]] took three Elves, [[Ingwë]], Finwë, and Elwë, to [[Valinor]] to convince the [[Elves]] to join the Valar in the [[Blessed Realm]]. Upon their return, the Elven ambassadors convinced many to join them on the [[Great Journey]] to the West. During the thousand mile journey, the Elven host separated into three groups, the [[Vanyar]], the [[Noldor]], and the Teleri.<ref name=capt>{{S|Captivity}}</ref>

The Teleri were the largest folk and they were divided in two hosts, led by Elwë and his brother Olwë. Elwë was more eager than his brother to see again Valinor, and wished to catch up with the Noldor because of his friendship with Finwë; but the Teleri were also the slowest and were the last to reach the western shores of Middle-earth.<ref name=capt/>
[[File:Elena Kukanova - Nan Elmoth - Elwe and Melian.jpg|thumb|left|''Nan Elmoth - Elwe and Melian'' by [[Elena Kukanova]]]]
After many years the Teleri crossed the [[Blue Mountains]] and stayed for some time in [[East Beleriand]].<ref name=capt/> During this time Elwë returned from a meeting with his friend Finwë, and wandered into the [[Nan Elmoth|Forest of Nan Elmoth]], where he met and fell in love with [[Melian]] the [[Maiar|Maia]]. Caught in an enchantment of their own making, Elwë and Melian could not be found by the searching Teleri. When the Valar returned to take the remaining Elves to Valinor, only some of them followed Olwë across the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]]. The rest had come to love the lands of [[Beleriand]] and refused to leave without their missing lord.<ref>{{S|Thingol}}</ref>

=== King of Doriath ===
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Elwë heraldic device.jpg|100px|thumb|right|Elwë's device with the Winged Moon by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]]]
Over two hundred years passed before Elwë appeared again with his bride Melian, much changed since when last they saw him. While he had been fair and noble before, he now stood like a Maia above them as the tallest of the Children of Ilúvatar. He gathered his people together and founded the Kingdom of [[Doriath]]. His subjects would become the Sindar, or the "Grey Elves", and their language was [[Sindarin]]. From then on Elwë was known as King Elu Thingol, and he claimed lordship over all the lands in [[Beleriand]]. While Thingol was king of the Grey Elves, he saw the light of the [[Two Trees]] as an ambassador of the Valar and thus he was counted as a [[High Elves|High Elf]], and equal to any lord of the Eldar.<ref name="Sindar">{{S|Sindar}}</ref><ref name=Princes/> He was even acknowledged as high-king of all the Teleri in Beleriand, even after Doriath became hidden.<ref name=PM/>

On Melian's advice, Thingol became an ally of the [[Dwarves]] of [[Belegost]], who carved the caverns of [[Menegroth]] for him. In payment he gave them, along with many other things, the great pearl [[Nimphelos]].<ref name=Sindar/>

A thousand years before the first rising of the Sun and the Moon the [[Green-elves]] entered Beleriand under [[Denethor of the Nandor|Denethor]]. Thingol welcomed them and gave them the lands of [[Ossiriand]], which they named [[Lindon]]. The Green Elves told of the spread of the [[Orcs]] and other foul creatures in the north and east of Middle-earth. The Grey Elves began arming themselves.<ref name=Sindar/>

Centuries later [[Melkor]] returned to Middle-earth. Now named Morgoth, he had destroyed the Two Trees, killed Finwë, the King of the Noldor, and stolen the fabled [[Silmarils]]. Seeking to claim dominion quickly, he launched a sudden assault on the lands of the Sindar. The [[First Battle of Beleriand]] went well for Thingol, who prevented any Orcs from invading Doriath, but the Green Elves took horrific losses and the [[Falathrim]] were besieged.<ref name=Sindar/>

The Falathrim were finally saved by the unexpected arrival of the Noldor, who launched the [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]] ("Battle Under the Stars") in which Morgoth's forces were all but annihilated.<ref name="Return">{{S|Return}}</ref>

=== Thingol and the Noldor ===
[[File:Elena Kukanova - King of Doriath.jpg|thumb|left|''King of Doriath'' by [[Elena Kukanova]]]]
After the First Battle of Beleriand, Doriath was encircled by the [[Girdle of Melian]], an impenetrable fence of enchantment that guarded the kingdom.<ref name=Sindar/> While his own kingdom was protected, Thingol was still loath to surrender any other lands in Beleriand to the Noldor as he was suspicious of the aggressive new lords in Middle-earth.<ref name=Return/>
{{blockquote|In [[Hithlum]] the Noldor have leave to dwell, and in the highlands of [[Dorthonion]], and in the lands east of Doriath that are empty and wild... for I am the Lord of Beleriand, and all who seek to dwell there shall hear my word.|''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Return of the Noldor]]"}}

King Thingol's relations with the Noldor were strained, and grew worse decades later when he learned the truth of the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë]]. Thingol banned the use of [[Quenya]] in his lands, which led to Sindarin being the common Elven tongue in Middle-earth. The King of Doriath refused to aid the Noldor in the war against Morgoth, and took little part in the ongoing struggle.<ref>{{S|Noldor}}</ref>

=== Quest for the Silmaril ===
[[File:Felix Sotomayor - Beren at Thingol's Court.jpg|thumb|''Beren at Thingol's Court'' by [[Felix Sotomayor]]]]
Thingol and Melian had one child, a daughter named [[Lúthien]], said to be the fairest woman ever to live. Lúthien fell in love with a [[Men|Man]] named [[Beren]]. Thingol did not wish for the two to wed, as he valued his daughter very highly and disliked Men. As a bride-price he asked for a Silmaril from the crown of [[Morgoth]], thinking there was no way that Beren could fulfill this demand.<ref name="Beren">{{S|Beren}}</ref>

However, when Beren and Lúthien came back from [[Angband]], and when Beren showed him his missing hand which still held the Silmaril in the belly of [[Carcharoth]], he softened his heart towards him. Soon, though, Carcharoth in his anguish and rage from the Silmaril that burned his insides, broke through the Girdle of Melian and entered Doriath. In that hour, Thingol, along with Beren, [[Mablung]], [[Beleg]], and [[Huan]] the Hound of Valinor, began the [[Hunting of the Wolf]]. Carcharoth was finally slain by Huan, but both Huan and Beren died in the process. After that, Lúthien died also, and coming to the [[Halls of Mandos]] she begged [[Mandos]] that Beren be returned to life. However, it was beyond the power of Mandos to withhold the souls of Men from going beyond the [[Circles of the World]].<ref name=Beren/>

Therefore, [[Ilúvatar]], through [[Manwë]], offered Lúthien and Beren the opportunity to live again, but with Lúthien sharing the [[Gift of Men]]. She agreed, and they both came back to life and lived out the remainder of their second lives at [[Tol Galen]], far from the sight of any other mortals.<ref name=Beren/>

=== Fostering of Túrin ===
Thingol adopted as a son a young Man named [[Túrin]], son of [[Húrin]] and akin to Beren himself, who was sent to Doriath when he was seven years old.<ref>{{CH|4}}</ref> When he grew up, he was permitted to join Beleg Cúthalion on the marches of Doriath, fighting the Orcs of Morgoth.<ref name="Turin">{{S|Turin}}</ref><ref>{{CH|5}}</ref>

Túrin accidentally caused the death of [[Saeros]], one of Thingol's counselors who had provoked and attacked him. Before he could be either punished or forgiven he fled. Thingol however gave Beleg a leave to seek out his friend, who in the meantime had joined a [[Gaurwaith|band of outlaws]].<ref>{{CH|6}}</ref> Telling to Thingol that Túrin did not wish to return, Thingol allowed Beleg to go and join his friend and gave him the black sword [[Anglachel]] that [[Eöl]] had forged and given to Thingol<ref>{{S|Maeglin}}</ref> in tribute.<ref name=Turin/>

=== Nauglamír and death ===
[[File:Peter Xavier Price - Thingol's End.jpg|thumb|right|''Thingol's End'' by [[Peter Xavier Price]]]]
Sometime after Túrin's tragic death, Húrin, now an old man released from Morgoth's captivity, was allowed to enter Menegroth. In anger, he threw the [[Nauglamír]], the treasure of [[Nargothrond]], before King Thingol, bitterly "thanking" him for aiding his son. Melian pierced through Húrin's madness and grief; shamed by his actions, he offered the Nauglamír to Thingol sincerely and left Menegroth a broken man.<ref name="Doriath">{{S|Doriath}}</ref>

At that time, a desire came into Thingol's heart to take the Nauglamír and place the Silmaril into it, thus melding together two of the greatest creations made by the Elves and the Dwarves. He hired skilled [[Dwarves of Nogrod|Dwarven craftsmen]], but they secretly desired to possess both treasures for themselves. After their work was completed, the Dwarves refused to give the Nauglamír to Thingol, claiming that he had no right to own the priceless necklace made by their ancestors. Realizing that they were coveting the Silmaril, Thingol became infuriated and insulted them. The Dwarves were angered by his harsh words and killed him. This led to the [[Battle of the Thousand Caves|sacking of Menegroth]] and the eventual [[Second Kinslaying|destruction of Doriath]], which scattered its people.<ref name=Doriath/>

== Etymology ==
{{Pronounce|Elwe Singollo.mp3|Ardamir}}
His [[epessë]] (honorary name) was ''Thingol'' which means "Greycloak",<ref name=Thingol>{{S|Thingol}}</ref> from ''thind'' ("grey") + ''coll'' ("mantle").

== Other names ==
[[Quenya]] tradition names him '''''Elwë''''' and ''[[Singollo]]'', for the [[Noldor]] pronounced his epessë as '''''Singollo'''''.{{fact}}

His first name, ''Elwë'', means "star-man" and contains ''[[el]]'' and ''[[-we]]''.

'''''Elwë Þindicollo''''' or '''Sindicollo''' was the ancient name of King [[Thingol]]; when he settled in [[Doriath]] with [[Melian]], he took the [[Sindarin]] form of his name, ''Elu Thingol''.

== Genealogy ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | ENL |y| ENE | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ENL=[[Enel]]''awoke in {{YT|1050}}''|ENE=[[Enelyë]]''awoke in {{YT|1050}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |D|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|7| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |:| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| | | |:| |}}
{{familytree | | | MEL |y| THI | | OLW | | | | | | | | | | ELM | | CIR |MEL=[[Melian]]|THI='''THINGOL'''''d. {{FA|503}}''|OLW=[[Olwë]]''b. {{YT}}''|ELM=[[Elmo]]''b. {{YT}}''|CIR=[[Círdan]]''b. {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | BER |y| LUT | | SON | | EAW |y| FIN | | | | GLD | | | | |SON=''unnamed sons''|LUT=[[Lúthien]] ''{{YT|1200}} - {{FA|503}}''|EAW=[[Eärwen]]''b. {{YT}}''|GLD=[[Galadhon]]''b. {{YT}}''|FIN=[[Finarfin]]''b. {{YT|1230}}''|BER=[[Beren]] ''{{FA|432}} - {{FA|503|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | |!| FND | | ANG | | AEG | | GAL |~| CEL | | GLT |GAL=[[Galadriel]]''b. {{YT|1362}}''|CEL=[[Celeborn]]''b. {{YT}}''|GLT=[[Galathil]]''b. {{YT}}''|FND=[[Finrod]] ''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''|ANG=[[Angrod]]''d. {{FA|455}}''|AEG=[[Aegnor]]''d. {{FA|455}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | DIO |~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|y|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~| NIM |DIO=[[Dior]] ''{{FA|470}} - {{FA|506|n}}''|NIM=[[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth]] ''d. {{FA|506}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | ELD | | ELN | | ELW | | | | | | | | | |ELD=[[Eluréd]] ''{{FA|500}} - c. {{FA|507|n}}''|ELN=[[Elurín]] ''{{FA|500}} - c. {{FA|507|n}}''|ELW=[[Elwing]] ''b. {{FA|503}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

== Other versions of the legendarium ==
{{expansion}}
In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'' his [[Qenya]] name is ''Linwë Tinto'' or ''Tinwë Linto'' and his [[Gnomish]] name is ''Tinwelint''.<ref>{{LT1|Appendix}}, entry "Tinwë Linto, Tinwelint"</ref> He was led away from [[Solosimpi]], his people, by the beautiful music of [[Melian|Wendelin]], and never returned to them. [[Ellu]] took his place as their leader.<ref>{{LT1|V}}</ref> In a crossed out note, only Tinwelint's children, [[Tinfang Warble|Timpinen]] and [[Lúthien|Tinúviel]], returned later to the Eldar.<ref>{{LT1|IVn}}, note 1</ref>

In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part Two]]'', Tinwelint found Gwendeling by following the song of her nightingales. He stopped to listen for what he thought was a moment, although in reality it lasted many years. He came upon her in the forest, where she lay listening also to the nightingales. Thinking her very beautiful, he began to approach her, but she rose and ran away laughing. He then fell into a deep sleep while she remained, and kept watch over him a long time. His people, who had long ago departed to Valinor, were forgotten by Tinwelint when he at last awoke and found her still nearby. Eventually the two were wed.<ref name=lt2i/>

Tinwë Linto/Tinwelint reigned with Wendelin/Gwendeling ([[Vëannë]] and [[Ausir (boy)|Ausir]], children talking to [[Eriol]], argued about their names) over the Lost Elves of [[Doriath|Artanor]]. Tolkien considered also the name ''[[Ellu]]'' for him.<ref name=lt2i>{{LT2|I}}</ref> His children were Tinúviel and [[Daeron|Dairon]].<ref name=lt2i/>

{{references|notes}}

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=sindar
| house=Founded the [[House of Elwë]]
| born=Between {{YT|1050}} and {{YT|1102|n}}
| died={{FA|502}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=''[[Enel]], as Chieftain of the [[Nelyar]]''
| pvac=None
| list=King of the [[Teleri]]
| dates={{YT|1105}} - {{YT|1132|n}} (with [[Olwë]])
| next=[[Olwë]]
}}
{{seq
| prev=Title established
| pvac=None
| list=1st [[King of Doriath|King]] of [[Doriath]]
| dates={{YT|1152}} – {{FA|502}}
| next=[[Dior]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

[[Category:Calaquendi]]
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Children of Húrin]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:House of Elwë]]
[[Category:Ilkorindi]]
[[Category:Ilkorin names]]
[[Category:Nelyar]]
[[Category:Rulers in Beleriand]]
[[Category:Rulers in the Great Lands]]
[[Category:Sindar]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Elwe]]
[[fi:Thingol]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/teleri/sindar/elu_thingol]]

Elfstone

2022-12-18T22:24:32Z

Ebakunin: /* Origin */

{{object infobox
| name=Elessar
| image=[[File:John Howe - Elessar (Elfstone).jpg|250px]]
| caption=''Elessar (Elfstone)'' by [[John Howe]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Elfstone
| location=[[Gondolin]], [[Havens of Sirion]], [[Valinor]]/[[Eregion]], [[Lothlórien]], [[Rivendell]] [[Gondor]]
| owner= [[Enerdhil]]/[[Celebrimbor]], [[Idril]], [[Eärendil]], [[Galadriel]], [[Celebrían]], [[Arwen]], [[Aragorn]]
| type=Jewel
| appearance=A green gem set on a silver eagle-shaped brooch
| creator=[[Enerdhil]]/[[Celebrimbor]]
| created=[[First Age]]
| createdlocation=[[Gondolin]]
| destroyer=
| destroyed=
| destroyedlocation=
| notablefor=
| gallery=the Elessar of Eärendil
}}

The '''Elessar''' ([[Quenya|Q.]] '''Elfstone'''), also known as the '''Stone of [[Eärendil]]''', was one, or possibly two, great green jewel(s) of healing power whose legends of creation are conflicting and complex.

== History ==
=== Origin ===
The Elessar, or at least the first of them, was made in [[Gondolin]] during the [[First Age]]. Some name [[Enerdhil]] the jewel-smith as its maker, but others say that it was his friend, [[Celebrimbor]] son of [[Curufin]].<ref name="CG">{{UT|6}}</ref> After the completion of the jewel, many [[Elves]], including the other Noldor, were astonished by it, for the stone was green as the leaves but had the clear light of the [[Sun]] imprisoned within it. It was said that any who looked upon the stone would see withered and aged things as whole and young again. It was also claimed that it granted any who wore the gem the power to heal any hurts of anyone that they touched.<ref name="CG"/>{{rp|249}}

The Elessar was eventually given to [[Idril|Idril Celebrindal]], who wore it upon her breast, and as such, it was saved from perishing during the [[Fall of Gondolin]]. Eventually, Idril passed it on to her son [[Eärendil]], whose first memory was of Idril wearing the gem while singing to him. At the [[Havens of Sirion]], Eärendil used the Elessar to heal the hurts of many of the [[Men]], [[Elves]], and [[Kelvar|beasts]] that dwelled there. Eventually, Eärendil carried it with him on his voyages across the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]] to the [[Aman|Blessed Realm]].<ref name="CG"/>{{rp|249}}

A legend says that when the [[Wizards]] were sent from Valinor to Middle-earth in the [[Third Age]], [[Gandalf|Olórin]] brought back Eärendil's jewel as a token from [[Yavanna]] that the [[Valar]] had not forsaken them; as [[Gandalf]], he gave it to Galadriel, and remarked prophetically that she would only hold it for a little while, before she passed it to another, who will also be called [[Aragorn|Elessar]].<ref name="CG"/>{{rp|250}}

However, another legend says that Celebrimbor, who was in love with [[Galadriel]], remade another version of the lost jewel during the [[Second Age]] and placed it within a great brooch of silver. It was said that this Elessar was "''more subtle and clear''" yet had less power than the original. It was made at Galadriel's behest, pained at the state of [[Middle-earth]]. When she wore it, "''all things grew fair''" around her.<ref name="CG"/>{{rp|251}}

[[File:Tatyafinwe - Galadriel wearing the Elessar.jpg|thumb|''Galadriel wearing the Elessar'' by [[:Category:Images by Tatyafinwe|Tatyafinwe]]]]

=== Third Age ===
Whatever the origins of Galadriel's Elfstone were, she gave it to her daughter [[Celebrían]], who in turn gave it to [[Arwen]].<ref name="CG"/>{{rp|251}}

[[Bilbo Baggins]], during his stay in [[Rivendell]], was urged by [[Aragorn]] to include a green jewel in his ''[[Song of Eärendil]]'', possibly anticipating the symbolic importance that the gem would have in his life. Bilbo Baggins, obeying Aragorn, but seemingly unaware of the Elfstone's story, included an inaccurate reference to an emerald.<ref>{{FR|II1}}, p. 237</ref>

When the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] visited the wood of [[Lothlórien]], the Elessar was again under Galadriel's possession. When the Fellowship departed and Galadriel offered them [[gifts of Galadriel|her gifts]], the Elessar was the gift for Aragorn.<ref name=Farewell>{{FR|II8}}, p. 375</ref> This giving held the function of a wedding gift from the family of the bride to the groom, foretelling his marriage to Arwen.<ref>{{MR|Laws}}, p. 211</ref>

The Elfstone was worn by Aragorn ever after, and as foretold, he took the name of ''Elessar, the Elfstone of the [[House of Elendil]]''.<ref name=Farewell/> Thus, when he manifested his royal blood at [[Minas Tirith]], he used Elessar as one of his royal names,<ref>{{RK|V8}}, p. 863</ref> being crowned as King Elessar.<ref>{{RK|VI5}}, p. 967</ref>

== Other versions of the legendarium ==
An early concept for the Elfstone was the '''Green Stone of [[Fëanor]]'''. This stone was given from Fëanor to his eldest son [[Maedhros|Maidros]] on his deathbed, and then later given from Maidros to [[Fingon]].<ref>{{WJ|Angband}}, pp. 176-7</ref> Christopher Tolkien noted that this was likely his father "pondering the previous history of the ''Elessar''", though this version of the story was not further expanded upon and likely dismissed in favor of the histories present in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]''.

At one point during the development of "''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''", ''[[Eärnur|King Eärnur]]'', was named '''King Elessar''' in an abandoned draft and manuscript.<ref>{{WR|2|V}}, p. 153</ref>

== Portrayal in adaptations ==
'''1980: [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]:'''
:The Elfstone is worn by Aragorn on his cloak. Although it is never identified in film, it matches the books description.

{{Giftsofgaladriel}}

{{references}}

[[Category:Gifts of Galadriel]]
[[Category:Heirlooms]]
[[Category:Rings and jewels]]

[[de:Elessar (Edelstein)]]
[[fr:encyclo/artefacts/bijoux/elessar]]
[[fi:Elessar (jalokivi)]]

War of Wrath

2021-05-14T23:26:42Z

Ebakunin:

{{footnotes}}{{battle
| name=War of Wrath
| image=[[File:Per Sjögren - War of Wrath.jpg|300px]]
| conflict=[[Wars of Beleriand]]
| date={{FA|545}} - {{FA|587|n}}
| place=The lands around [[Angband]]
| result=Decisive victory for the [[Host of the Valar|Host of the West]]
*Drowning of [[Beleriand]]
*Expulsion of [[Morgoth]] from [[Arda]]
| side1=Forces of [[Morgoth]]
| side2=[[Host of the Valar|Host of the West]] 
[[Edain]] 
[[Great Eagles]]
| commanders1=[[Morgoth]] 
[[Sauron]] 
[[Ancalagon]] † 
| commanders2=[[Eönwë]] 
[[Finarfin]] 
[[Ingwion]]<ref group="note">In the published ''[[Silmarillion]]'', Ingwion has disappeared, and only [[Finarfin]] is named as a leader of the armies of the [[Elves]]. In ''[[The Shaping of Middle-earth]]'', [[Christopher Tolkien]] suggests that this omission may have been an error, and Ingwiel should have remained in the text as joint commander of the [[Elves of Valinor]].</ref><ref>{{LR|P2VI}}</ref> 
[[Eärendil]] 
[[Thorondor]] 
| forces1=Unknown, "whole power of the Throne of Morgoth"<ref name="WW">{{S|24}}</ref>
| forces2=Unknown
| casual1=Near utter annihilation
| casual2=Unknown, presumably substantial
|}}
{{quote|I remember well the splendour of their banners," he said. "It recalled to me the glory of the [[Elder Days]] and the hosts of [[Beleriand]], so many great princes and captains were assembled. And yet not so many, nor so fair, as when [[Thangorodrim]] was broken, and the [[Elves]] deemed that evil was ended for ever, and it was not so.|[[Elrond]] in ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', [[The Council of Elrond]]}}

The '''War of Wrath''', or the '''Great Battle''', was the final conflict in the [[Wars of Beleriand]] fought between the [[Host of the Valar|Host of the West]] and the forces of [[Morgoth]]. The devastation caused by the two sides clashing left [[Beleriand]] mostly destroyed and at the end most of the land sank beneath the waves. According to ''[[The Tale of Years (The War of the Jewels)|The Tale of Years]]'' it lasted for more than four decades ({{FA|545}} - {{FA|587|n}}).<ref>{{WJ|Years}}</ref>

==Background==
After more than five centuries since the [[Return of the Noldor|rising of the sun]], [[Morgoth]] had become mighty in [[Middle-earth]]. He had defeated his enemies in the [[Wars of Beleriand|war]] and the majority of the [[Elves]] and [[Men]] of [[Beleriand]] were captured in droves and enslaved in the pits of [[Angband]]. The few that remained outside his grasp lived around the [[Mouths of Sirion]] or elsewhere in the woods and mountains.

Following the [[Fall of Gondolin]], the few [[Exiles of Gondolin|survivors]] protected by [[Ulmo]] had escaped the city, among them was [[Eärendil]] son of [[Tuor]] and [[Idril]]. He later married [[Elwing]], the daughter of [[Dior]] and [[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth]], and became the lord of the people living in the mouths of Sirion. With the aid of [[Círdan]] the shipwright they built the vessel [[Vingilótë]] and Eärendil sailed the sea hoping to find the [[Last Shore|last shore]] and beseech for aid.<ref name="WW"/>

==History==
===Prelude===
[[File:Jenny Dolfen - The Vanyar Leave for War.jpg|200px|thumb|right|''The Vanyar Leave for War'' by [[Jenny Dolfen]]]]
While Eärendil was returning from his voyages the [[sons of Fëanor]] [[Third Kinslaying|attacked the havens]] when Elwing refused to yield the [[Silmaril]] to them and she cast herself to the ocean with the jewel. The Silmaril was not lost as Ulmo bore her up from the sea and she took the form of a great white bird and reunited with Eärendil. Eärendil then sought to look for Valinor once more and, wearing the [[Silmaril]] on his brow, he traversed past the enchantments of the sea and he came to [[Valinor]], the first with even a drop of mortal blood to set foot there. He was brought before the [[Powers of Arda]] and he delivered the "errand of the [[Two Kindreds]]", begging the [[Valar]] for pardon for the [[Noldor]] and to deliver them from Morgoth.<ref name="WW"/>

The [[Valar]] were moved by [[Eärendil]]'s plea and his prayer was granted. So, the host of the Valar prepared for battle joined by many [[Maiar]], along with the [[Vanyar]] and [[Noldor]] that were in [[Valinor]], riding in the ships of the [[Falmari]]. Still bitter about the [[First Kinslaying]], the [[Teleri]] did not participate in the war.<ref name="WW"/>

Meanwhile Eärendil and Elwing were given their judgement, as it was decreed by [[Mandos]] that no mortal should set foot in Aman and live. But Eärendil was also of Elf lineage, so [[Manwë]] forbade punishment for the two as Eärendil came out of love of the Two Kindreds while Elwing came out of love for him. However they would never return to Middle-earth again and would be given a choice of which kindred their fate shall be judged together. Elwing chose to be counted among the [[Eldar]] and Eärendil chose alike. Then the Valar took Vingilótë, hallowed it, and bore it away to the edge of the world through the [[Door of Night]] with Eärendil at the helm and the Silmaril bound upon his brow.<ref name="WW"/>

===Battle===
The Host of Valinor landed in Beleriand in {{FA|545}} and the "whole power of the Throne of Morgoth" was gathered, the arrayed armies of Morgoth were uncountable, and the mountains rang underneath the boots of the Valar; the entire North was aflame with war, which subsequently caused heavy damage to the land by the colossal exchanges of power from the combatants.<ref name="WW"/>

Eventually the forces of Morgoth were defeated in the field, the [[Balrogs]] were destroyed (save a few who fled and hid themselves in the depths of the earth) and the armies of the [[Orcs]] perished like straw in a great fire or leaves before a hot wind. While the [[Edain#The Three Houses|Three Houses of the Edain]] fought with the forces of Valinor, many other Men fought and died alongside Morgoth, which led to their scorn by the Elves. As the War carried into its final years Morgoth faced defeat, and so unleashed his last desperate assault, the winged [[Dragons]], which had never been seen in Middle-earth before. The Host of Valinor was taken by surprise and overcome by the devastation the dragons brought, and were driven back across the region. The greatest of these dragons was [[Ancalagon|Ancalagon the Black]], the largest and most powerful dragon in the history of Arda, and the damage his dragon horde inflicted on the Valar was grievous. The skies erupted with lightning and flame at the dragons' arrival, and Morgoth's hosts repulsed the host of the Valar, pushing them away from Angband.<ref name="WW"/>

As the situation grew dire for the Valar, [[Eärendil]] came with his sky-ship [[Vingilótë]], along with [[Thorondor]] and a great flocks of birds and the [[Eagles]], and they fought the dragons. After a fight lasting a full day, Eärendil slew Ancalagon, and in his fall Ancalagon broke the towers of [[Thangorodrim]]. With Ancalagon slain, morale was renewed, and the host of the Valar retook the ground that had been lost. The majority of Morgoth's other forces were soon defeated, survivors driven to the depths of the world and to places far underground. Soon Morgoth's power was dispersed entirely, and Angband alone remained his only possession.<ref name="WW"/>

Morgoth fled to the deepest dungeons of Angband, where he was caught. By this point, Morgoth's power had weakened considerably, and rather than challenge his foes, he demanded peace and parley, but his feet were hewn from under him and Morgoth fell upon the floor. He was bound with his old chain Angainor; the two Silmarils still in his possession were taken by the Maia [[Eönwë]] and guarded. In the end the Valar thrust him "through the [[Door of Night]], beyond the [[Walls of the World]], into the [[The Void|Timeless Void]]".<ref name="WW"/>

===Aftermath===
Countless slaves were freed from Angband after his defeat and they looked upon a world that had changed greatly, for the fury of both sides in the war had wreaked havoc on much of the land. The northern areas were torn asunder, rivers formed or destroyed, mountains and hills changed. The wreckage of the war was immense indeed; most of the land west of the [[Ered Luin]], as well as a large part of the central part of the mountains, was laid waste and soon after sank beneath the waves.<ref name="WW"/>
[[File:John Howe - The Door of Night.jpg|left|200px|thumb|left|''The Doors of Night'' by [[John Howe]]]]
[[Eönwë]], the herald of [[Manwë]], summoned all the Elves of Beleriand to depart [[Middle-earth]] and go to Valinor. Most of the Noldor and Sindar did so, but a number of them did not and instead went east, such as [[Galadriel]] and [[Gil-galad]]. Maedhros and Maglor sent word to Eönwë to yield the Silmarils to them but they received the reply that they no longer have any right to the Silmarils due to the deeds wrought pursuing the [[Oath of Fëanor|oath]]. Despite this, the two sons of Fëanor stole the jewels from Eönwë's camp. But as they held the jewel it burnt their hands. So great was the pain that Maedhros cast himself and the Silmaril into a chasm of fire and Maglor cast his jewel into the sea; the Silmarils found their homes in the high heavens, earth, and deep waters.<ref name="WW"/>

The [[Edain]] were rewarded for fighting with the Valar in the war and were given a new land to dwell in that was neither part of Middle-earth nor of Valinor: the land was called [[Andor]], the Land of Gift, but the Edain named it [[Elenna]] and later [[Númenórë]].<ref>{{S|IV}}</ref> The Men that fought with Morgoth fled east.<ref name="RP">{{S|V}}</ref>

The Dwarven cities [[Nogrod]] and [[Belegost]] were ruined when Ered Luin was broken forcing their populaces to flee.<ref>{{App|A3}}</ref>

The surviving servants of Morgoth fled east. [[Sauron]], the chief lieutenant of Morgoth, surrendered to Eönwë. He was ordered to return to [[Valinor]] to receive judgement; instead he fled and hid in [[Middle-earth]].<ref name="WW"/><ref name="RP"/>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
The first fragments of what would be the War of Wrath appear in notes and outlines related to ''[[The Tale of Eärendel]]'', a story that was never written by Tolkien. In the ''[[Lost Tales]]'' version there is no mention of Eärendel's plea to the Valar on behalf of the [[Two Kindreds]], and the notes suggest that his voyage to [[Valinor]] was in vain. Instead, the Elves of Valinor receive tidings from the birds of Gondolin about its [[Fall of Gondolin|fall]]. The news angers the Elves and they march to the [[Great Lands]] against the will of the Valar whom are opposed to the Elves intervening.<ref>{{LT2|V}}</ref>

''[[The Silmarillion]]'' and its early drafts cover the War of Wrath.<ref>{{SM|Q17II}}</ref> As Tolkien was developing the story he also produced another set of texts – the ''Annals'' – which at first were used as a supportive document to help put a chronological structure to the story, but later grew in detail such that it became another "proper" account of the Silmarillion akin to the [[quenta]]s. The ''[[Annals of Beleriand]]'' cover the history of the Elves in Beleriand and introduce new elements to the battle that are absent in the other texts.

The [[Battle of Eglarest|Battle of Eldorest]] was the opening battle of the conflict.<ref name="AB1">{{SM|7I}}</ref> Eldorest (known as [[Eglarest]] in ''The Silmarillion'') was the haven city of [[Círdan]] which was laid to ruin by Morgoth's armies after the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]].<ref>{{S|20}}</ref> In the battle [[Ingwion|Ingwiel]] (or Ingwil) – leader of the Light-elves, later [[Vanyar]] – makes landing with his Elves and defeats the Orcs on the shore.<ref name="AB2">{{LR|AB}}</ref>

In the later ''[[The Later Annals of Beleriand|Annals of Beleriand]]'' there is a new element where the host of Fiönwë and Morgoth contest the river [[Sirion]]. Both hosts encamp on either side of the river<ref name="AB1"/> and fight bitterly for control of the [[Pass of Sirion|passage]]. This may explain why the conflict was prolonged as it also states that the war lasted "fifty years from the landing of Fiönwë".<ref name="AB2"/> Sirion was a mighty river that ran through Beleriand and was wide and swift with few crossings. The most direct route for the host of Valinor to take to Angband would be through the [[Pass of Sirion]], as it was accessible enough for large armies to pass, hence why it was a strategic location to control. The camp of Fiönwë is likely a reintroduced element from the ''Lost Tales'', where the Elves of [[Kôr]] encamp in the Land of Willows or [[Tasarinan]] which is [[Nan-tathren]] in ''The Silmarillion''.<ref name="LTEA">{{LT2|VI}}</ref>

In ''The Silmarillion'', Morgoth did not personally involve himself in the conflict and never left Angband but in the ''Annals of Beleriand'' he indeed came forth from Angband,<ref name="AB2"/> although it is unclear if Morgoth fought or just commanded his armies from afar. The only other mentioned Vala to have taken part in the conflict was [[Tulkas]] in the ''Lost Tales'' where he defeated Melko in the [[Pools of Twilight]] in what is known as the battle of the Silent Pools.<ref name="LTEA"/>

The conflict had a number of different names in the drafts. It was known as the '''Terrible Battle''' or '''Last Battle''',<ref>{{SM|2}}</ref> the '''Battle Terrible''', or '''Battle of Wrath and Thunder'''.<ref>{{SM|Q18}}</ref><ref>{{SM|Q18II}}</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
The album ''[[Nightfall in Middle-Earth]]'' by [[Blind Guardian]] opens with a [[War of Wrath (song)|track]] with a conversation between [[Sauron]] and [[Morgoth]] during the War of Wrath.

==External links==
*[http://middle-earth.xenite.org/2012/10/10/how-was-beleriand-destroyed-in-the-war-of-wrath/ How was Beleriand destroyed in the War of Wrath?] by [[Michael Martinez]] - A speculation on how the War destroyed the western lands
{{references|n}}
{{warsofbeleriand}}
[[Category:Conflicts of the First Age]]
[[de:Krieg des Zorns]]
[[fi:Vihan Sota]]
[[fr:encyclo/evenements/1a/guerres/guerre_de_la_grande_colere]]

Lambengolmor

2020-12-01T15:04:28Z

Ebakunin:

{{disambig-two|the Elven Loremasters|mailing list about [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s [[languages]]|[[Lambengolmor (mailing list)]]}}
The '''Lambengolmor''' were the '''Loremasters''' of the [[Elves]]. They were skilled linguists and historians, and created many works about the Elves and their [[Elvish|languages]].

Known members were [[Rúmil (elf of Tirion)|Rúmil]], who invented the first alphabet, [[Fëanor]], who invented the [[Tengwar]], and [[Pengolodh]], who is credited with many works that are the basis for ''[[The Silmarillion]]''.<ref name=WJ>{{WJ|Quendi}}, pp. 396-8</ref>

A similar concept were the '''Quettúri''' ("Word-masters"), those Noldor who exercised [[lámatyávë]] creating new word systems.<ref>{{PE|21}}, p. 84</ref>

==Etymology==
''Lambengolmor'' is a [[Quenya]] word, glossed as "Loremasters of Tongues" in one manuscript.<ref name=WJ/> In another manuscript, the alternative spelling ''Lambeñgolmor'' is seen, and also glossed as "lingustic loremasters".<ref>{{VT|48a}}, p. 6</ref> [[Helge Fauskanger]] has noted that only the plural form is attested, of a possible singular form ''Lambengolmo''. The word consists of ''[[lambe]]'' ("tongue, language") + ''ingolmo'' ("loremaster").<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Helge Fauskanger]]|articleurl=http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/eng-quen.rtf|articlename=English-Quenya Wordlist (Quettaparma Quenyanna)|dated=|website=Arda|accessed=25 June 2011}}</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Lore-masters are a playable class in Turbine's MMORPG for the race of men and elves. Lore-masters in this adaptation play a support role, casting spells to improve the performance of their allies.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.lotro.com/en/explore/characters/elf#Lore-master|articlename=Elf: The Lord of the Rings Online|dated=24 April 2007|website=[http://lotro.com]|accessed=26 November 2017}}</ref>

'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''
:[[Andriel]] is a Lore-master of Imladris.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://ps3.mmgn.com/Videos/The-Lord-of-the-Rings-War-in-the-North-E-TF7Y|articlename=The Lord of the Rings: War in the North Elven Character: Andriel's History|dated=21 October 2011|website=[http://ps3.mmgn.com/ ps3.mmgn.com]|accessed=6 July 2014}}</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Elves]]
[[Category:Positions and Occupations]]
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]
[[de:Lambengolmor]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/lambengolmor]]
[[fi:Lambengolmor (koulu)]]

Durin's Stone

2020-05-20T22:48:04Z

Ebakunin:

:''Not to be confused with: [[Durin's Tower]]''
{{object infobox
| name=Durin's Stone
| image=[[File:Matěj Čadil - Durin's Stone.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Durin's Stone" by Matěj Čadil
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=Bank of [[Mirrormere]]
| owner=[[Kings of Khazad-dûm|King of Khazad-dûm]]
| type=Monument
| appearance=Weather-worn pillar, inscribed with runes
| creator=Masons of [[Durin]]
| created=
| createdlocation=
| destroyer=
| destroyed=
| destroyedlocation=
| notablefor=
}}
'''Durin's Stone''' was a pillar that stood on the banks of [[Mirrormere]] lake near the [[Great Gates|East-gate]] of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]].

According to the [[Dwarves]] of [[Durin's Folk]], it was built on the site where [[Durin|Durin the Deathless]] looked down in the lake and saw [[Durin's Crown|a crown]] above his head; its purpose was to mark the event. It was ornamented with [[Angerthas Moria|runes]]. By the later [[Third Age]] the stone was broken, cracked and heavily weathered.<ref>{{FR|Lorien}}</ref>

[[Balin]] was slain on that spot in {{TA|2994}}.

==Portrayal in adaptations==

'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Durin's Stone is located along the southern coast of [[Mirrormere]]. The location of the stone has been taken over by an encampment of [[orcs]].
<center><gallery>
Image:MirrormereDurinsTower.jpg|[[Mirrormere]] and Durin's Stone in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''
</gallery></center>

{{references}}
[[Category:Monuments]]
[[Category:Moria]]
[[de:Durins Stein]]
[[fi:Durinin kivi]]

High King of the Noldor

2018-01-03T22:15:59Z

Ebakunin: minor spelling fixes

{{sources}}
{{disambig-more|High King|[[High King (disambiguation)]]}}

'''High King of the Noldor''' was the title of the head of the [[House of Finwë]] in [[Beleriand]] and [[Middle-earth]]. It was held by Elf-lords of the [[Noldor]] who held rulership over all the Noldorin realms. The overlordship was mostly titular; the [[Sons of Fëanor]], in particular, while they acknowledged the Kingship, paid its bearer little heed; they preferred to follow their own policies under the general leadership of [[Maedhros]].

The forefather of the House of Finwë was [[Finwë]], the first lord of the [[Tatyar]] who led his people in the [[Great Journey]] from [[Cuiviénen]] into [[Aman|the West]] to dwell in [[Valinor]]. He was slain by [[Morgoth]] at [[Formenos]].<ref>{{S|Darkening}}</ref> His eldest son [[Fëanor]] led the host of the Noldor back to Middle-earth to avenge his father's death and recover the [[Silmarils]] from Morgoth. He was slain in his assault on [[Angband]].<ref>{{S|Return}}</ref> After his death, the Kingship by right belonged to his eldest son Maedhros, but he refused it and the succession passed instead to [[Fëanor]]'s half-brother, Fingolfin.

# '''[[Fingolfin]]''' (ruled 454 years to [[First Age 455]]) He dwelt to the northwest of [[Beleriand]] with his sons, and ruled the Noldor during the [[Siege of Angband]]. When Morgoth broke the leaguer in the [[Dagor Bragollach]], he rode in anger to the gates of Angband and died in single combat with Morgoth. He was succeeded by his eldest son.
# '''[[Fingon]]''' (ruled 16 years to [[First Age 472]]) His short reign was one of endless war with the forces of Morgoth. With Maedhros, he prepared a final assault on Morgoth, the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]], which ended in disaster for the Noldor and Fingon's own death. He was succeeded by his brother.
# '''[[Turgon]]''' (ruled 39 years to [[First Age 510]]) Turgon's kingship was titular indeed, as it was not possible for him to rule from his [[Gondolin|Hidden City]], the location of which was unknown by even his own kin. That was until Gondolin's location was discovered by Morgoth through the treachery of Maeglin, and Turgon died in its Fall. After his death, the Kingship passed to the [[Finarfin]] line, with the son of [[Orodreth]].
# '''[[Gil-galad|Ereinion Gil-galad]]''' (ruled 3,514 years to [[Second Age 3441]]) The last High King, Gil-galad held the Kingship longer than any of his forebears ruling through the [[Second Age]]. He was the chief enemy of [[Sauron]] in the [[Dark Years]], at the end of which he formed the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men|Last Alliance]] with [[Elendil]], and died during the [[Siege of Barad-dûr]] at the end of the Second Age.

Gil-galad was the last High King; after his time the title is never used, as obviously no heirs of the [[House of Fëanor]] or [[House of Fingolfin]] remained in [[Middle-earth]]. [[Galadriel]] of the
[[House of Finarfin]] perhaps could have some rights.<ref>{{HM|Guide}}, entry "High King of the Noldor"</ref> [[Elrond]] was a direct descendant of Turgon; he never made claim to the Kingship but ruled with all its authority.

For other and earlier rulers of the Noldor, see [[King of the Noldor]].
{{references}}
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[Category:Elven Titles]]
[[Category:Rulers of Middle-earth]]
[[Category:Rulers in Beleriand]]
[[de:Hoher König der Noldor]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/haut_roi_des_noldor]]
[[fi:Noldorin Korkea Kuningas]]

Talk:Helm

2017-12-27T19:20:01Z

Ebakunin: Updated file name for clarity.

I would like to change the lead image for [[Helm Hammerhand]], specifically from [[:File:Turner_Mohan - Helm Hammerhand.jpg|this image]] to [[:File:Sebastian Rodriguez - Dark Lore of LOTR - Helm Hammerhand.jpg|this one]]. Is there a a policy for changing the lead image? Thanks.{{unsigned|Ebakunin}}

:Usually through a discussion at the Talk page of the article in question. Concerning your suggested change of lead image for Helm Hammerhand, I'm with you.--[[User:Morgan|Morgan]] 12:42, 24 December 2017 (UTC)

Helm

2017-12-27T04:42:18Z

Ebakunin: Changed lead image

{{rohirrim infobox
| name=Helm
| image=[[File:Tsrodriguez - Dark Lore of LOTR - Helm Hammerhand.jpg|260px]]
| caption="Dark Lore of LOTR - Helm Hammerhand" by [[Sebastian Rodriguez]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Helm Hammerhand
| titles=[[King of Rohan]]
| position=
| location=[[Rohan]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Rohirric]] and [[Westron]]
| birth={{TA|2691}}
| birthlocation=
| rule={{TA|2741}} - {{TA|2759|n}}
| death={{TA|2759}}
| deathlocation=[[Helm's Dike]] during [[Long Winter]]
| age=68
| notablefor=
| house=House of Eorl
| parentage=[[Gram]]
| siblings=[[Hild]]
| spouse=
| children=Unnamed daughter, [[Haleth (son of Helm)|Haleth]] and [[Háma (son of Helm)|Háma]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=White
| weapons=None
| steed=
| gallery=Helm Hammerhand
}}
'''Helm Hammerhand''' ([[Third Age]] {{TA|2691|n}} – {{TA|2759|n}}, aged 68 years) was the ninth [[King of Rohan]] and last King of the first line.<ref>{{App|Mark}}</ref>

==History==
Helm became King at the death of his father [[Gram]], during a time of crisis. His father had already fought open warfare with the [[Dunlendings]], who operated from the captured fortress of [[Isengard]].

In {{TA|2754}} a man named [[Freca]], a Dunlending with Rohirric blood planned to have his son, [[Wulf]], marry the daughter of Helm. Freca rode to [[Edoras]] with a great force of men, planning to threaten the King to comply with his demands, but Helm Hammerhand smote him with his fist and Freca died soon thereafter. Because of his great strength Helm was known as '''Hammerhand'''.

The men of Freca left Edoras, but in {{TA|2758|n}} they returned with a great force of Dunlendings, reinforced by enemies of [[Gondor]] who had landed in the south. Under the leadership of Wulf they overran Rohan; Helm fought them at the [[Crossings of Isen]] but lost and withdrew into the [[Hornburg|Suthburg]] and there endured a long siege.

Helm held the fortress during the [[Long Winter]]. He blew his great war-horn, and broke through the Dunlending ranks, clad in white, stalking men like a [[snow-trolls|snow-troll]] slaying them with his bare hands. However, his sons [[Haleth (son of Helm)|Haleth]] and [[Háma (son of Helm)|Háma]] were slain and Helm grew gaunt because of grief and famine; still his horn would fill the Dunlendings with fear each time it was heard. During one of his night sorties Helm died, apparently from famine and cold; his body was discovered frozen in the snow still standing and ready to fight.

He was succeeded by his nephew [[Fréaláf|Fréaláf Hildeson]], who defeated the Dunlendings.

There was a belief that his horn was sometimes heard in the Deep and that his [[wraith]] still wandered through Rohan, and defended the keep that would be renamed the Hornburg.<ref>{{App|Eorl}}</ref>

==Etymology==
Helm in [[Old English]] means "protection". The word is seen also in the names [[Elfhelm]] and [[Dernhelm]].

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | DEO | | |DEO=[[Déor]] ''{{TA|2644|n}} - {{TA|2718|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | GRA | | |GRA=[[Gram]] ''{{TA|2668|n}} - {{TA|2741|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | HEL | | HIL |HEL='''HELM HAMMERHAND''' ''{{TA|2691|n}} - {{TA|2759|n}}''†|HIL=[[Hild]] ''unknown''}}
{{familytree | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|(| | | |!| |}}
{{familytree | HAL | | HAM | | DAU | | FRE |HAL=[[Haleth (son of Helm)|Haleth]] ''d. {{TA|2758|n}}''†|HAM=[[Háma (son of Helm)|Háma]] ''d. {{TA|2759|n}}''†|DAU=''daughter'' ''unknown''|FRE=[[Fréaláf|Fréaláf Hildeson]] ''{{TA|2726|n}} - {{TA|2798|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRY |BRY=[[Brytta|Brytta Léofa]] ''{{TA|2752|n}} - {{TA|2842|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Portrayal in adaptations==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings - The Two Towers - Helm Hammerhand.png|200px|thumb|right|Helm in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]''.]]
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''
:As part of the decorations of the [[Hornburg]], two statues were erected. One was destroyed beyond recognition, but the other was one of Helm. The warrior holds a hammer in his hand.
==See also==
*[[:Category:Images of Helm Hammerhand|Images of Helm Hammerhand]]
{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=rohirrim
| house=House of Eorl
| born={{TA|2691}}
| died={{TA|2759}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=[[Gram]]
| list=9th [[King of Rohan]]
| dates={{TA|2741}} – {{TA|2759|n}}
| next=[[Fréaláf]]
}}
{{seq-end}}
{{rohankings}}
[[Category:Old English names]]
[[Category:Rulers of Rohan]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

[[de:Helm]]
[[fi:Helm Vasarakoura]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/3a/hommes_du_nord/rohirrim/helm]]

Talk:Helm

2017-12-24T00:32:11Z

Ebakunin: Created page with "{{Counciltop}} I would like to change the lead image for Helm Hammerhand, specifically from this image to [[:File:Tsrodriguez - ..."

{{Counciltop}}

I would like to change the lead image for [[Helm Hammerhand]], specifically from [[:File:Turner_Mohan - Helm Hammerhand.jpg|this image]] to [[:File:Tsrodriguez - Dark Lore of LOTR - Helm Hammerhand.jpg|this one]]. Is there a a policy for changing the lead image? Thanks.

File:Sebastian Rodriguez - Dark Lore of LOTR - Into the Storm.jpg

2017-12-23T00:58:24Z

Ebakunin:

== Licensing ==
{{Copyright-permission|Sebastian Rodriguez|https://tsrodriguez.carbonmade.com|Sebastian Rodriguez}}

[[Category:Images by Sebastian Rodriguez]]
[[Category:Images of Ungoliant]]
[[Category:Images of Morgoth]]
[[Category:Images of Balrogs]]

File:Sebastian Rodriguez - Dark Lore of LOTR - Helm Hammerhand.jpg

2017-12-23T00:58:07Z

Ebakunin:

== Licensing ==
{{Copyright-permission|Sebastian Rodriguez|https://tsrodriguez.carbonmade.com|Sebastian Rodriguez}}

[[Category:Images by Sebastian Rodriguez]]
[[Category:Images of Helm Hammerhand]]

File:Sebastian Rodriguez - Dark Lore of LOTR - Helm Hammerhand.jpg

2017-12-23T00:56:19Z

Ebakunin:

== Licensing ==
{{Copyright-permission|INSERT NAME OF COPYRIGHT HOLDER|INSERT HOLDER'S WEBSITE|INSERT TG LINK}}

File:Sebastian Rodriguez - Dark Lore of LOTR - Into the Storm.jpg

2017-12-23T00:51:17Z

Ebakunin:

File:Sebastian Rodriguez - Dark Lore of LOTR - Into the Storm.jpg

2017-12-23T00:49:38Z

Ebakunin: Category:Images by Sebastian Rodriguez Category:Images of Ungoliant Category:Images of Balrogs

== Summary ==
[[Category:Images by Sebastian Rodriguez]]
[[Category:Images of Ungoliant]]
[[Category:Images of Balrogs]]

== Licensing ==
{{Copyright-permission|INSERT NAME OF COPYRIGHT HOLDER|INSERT HOLDER'S WEBSITE|INSERT TG LINK}}

Tolkien Gateway:Copyrights/Sebastian Rodriguez

2017-12-23T00:43:02Z

Ebakunin:

* [[Sebastian Rodriguez]] has kindly granted his permission to use his non-commissioned [[:Category:Images by Sebastian Rodriguez|artwork]] on [[Tolkien Gateway]].
* Date: 22 December 2017
* User who sought the permission via email: [[User:Ebakunin]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rodriguez, Sebastian}}
[[Category:Evidence of permission granted by copyright holders]]

Category:Images by Sebastian Rodriguez

2017-12-23T00:31:59Z

Ebakunin:

This category lists all '''images by [[Sebastian Rodriguez]]'''.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rodriguez, Sebastian}}
[[Category:Images by artist]]

Category:Images by Sebastian Rodriguez

2017-12-23T00:31:00Z

Ebakunin: Created page with "This category lists all images by '''Sebastian Rodriguez'''. {{DEFAULTSORT:Rodriguez, Sebastian}} Category:Images by artist"

This category lists all images by '''[[Sebastian Rodriguez]]'''.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rodriguez, Sebastian}}
[[Category:Images by artist]]

Tolkien Gateway:Copyrights/Sebastian Rodriguez

2017-12-23T00:29:25Z

Ebakunin: Created page with "* Sebastian Rodriguez has kindly granted his permission to use his artwork on Tolkien Gateway. * Date: 22 December 2017 * User..."

* [[Sebastian Rodriguez]] has kindly granted his permission to use [[:Category:Images by Sebastian Rodriguez|his artwork]] on [[Tolkien Gateway]].
* Date: 22 December 2017
* User who sought the permission via email: [[User:Ebakunin]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rodriguez, Sebastian}}
[[Category:Evidence of permission granted by copyright holders]]

Indis

2017-12-22T05:24:02Z

Ebakunin: spelling

{{vanyar infobox
| name=Indis
| image=[[File:Shyangell - Queen Indis.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Queen Indis" by [[:Category:Images by Shyangell|Shyangell]]
| pronun=
| othernames=The Fair
| titles=Queen of the Noldor
| position=
| location=[[Tirion]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Vanyarin]], [[Quenya]]
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=House of Ingwë
| parentage=
| siblings=[[Ingwë]]<ref>{{MR|P3II2}}</ref>
| spouse=[[Finwë]]
| children=[[Findis]], [[Fingolfin]], [[Írimë]] and [[Finarfin]]
| gender=Female
| height=Tall<ref name="Feanor">{{S|Fëanor}}</ref>
| hair=Golden<ref name="Feanor"/>
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Indis''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈindis]}}) was a [[Vanyar|Vanya]], the second wife of [[Finwë]].
==History==
In earlier versions, Indis was the close kin, likely sister,<ref>{{MR|P3II2}}</ref> of [[Ingwë]], King of the [[Vanyar]] and [[High King of the Elves]].<ref>{{S|6}}</ref>

After the death of [[Míriel Serindë]], Finwë was allowed by [[Manwë]] to take a second wife and Indis thus became the stepmother to [[Fëanor]]. With Indis, Finwë had two more sons, [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]], and two daughters, [[Findis]] and [[Írimë]]. Fëanor observed the influence of Indis on Finwë, including his speech which started to resemble [[Vanyarin|that of the Vanyar]] and considered it a disrespect against his mother.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref>

After the slaying of her husband, she, along with her eldest daughter Findis, returned to [[Valinor]] to live among her people, the [[Vanyar]].

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|.| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | UNF |y| UNK | | ING | | | | |ING=[[Ingwë]]''b. {{YT}}''|UNK=''unknown mother''|UNF=''unknown father''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | MÍR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | CHI | | | | |FIN=[[Finwë]]''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND='''INDIS''' ''b. {{YT}}''|MÍR=[[Míriel]]''d. {{YT|1170}}''|CHI=''unknown children''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | | | FËA | | FND | | FNG | | IRI | | FNR |FËA=[[Fëanor]]''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FND=[[Findis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRI=[[Írimë]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FNR=[[Finarfin]]''b. {{YT|1230}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Etymology==
'''''Indis''''' is also [[Quenya]] for "wife; bride".

{{references}}

[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]
[[Category:Vanyar]]
[[de:Indis]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/elfes/vanyar/indis]]
[[fi:Indis]]

User talk:Mith/2017

2017-12-21T18:09:26Z

Ebakunin: /* Adding new copyright permissions */

{{talkarchive|2006|2007|2008|2009|2010|2011|2012|2013|2014|2015|2016}}
<table style="border: 1px solid #c0c090; background-color: #f8eaba; width:80%; margin-left: auto; margin-right:auto;"><tr><td rowspan="2">[[Image:Nuvola apps edu languages.png|none|50px|link=]]</td><td><div id="talk" style="text-align: center; padding: 5px; clear: both;><big>'''''Welcome to [[User:Mith|Mith]]'s talk page.'''''</big></div></td></tr><tr><td><ul><li>Please [{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit&section=new}} post your new topic at the ''bottom''] of this page, including a '''<nowiki>==Descriptive heading==</nowiki>'''.</li><li>You should sign and date your posts by inserting "'''<nowiki>~~</nowiki>~~'''" at the end of them.</li><li>Please indent your posts with "''':'''" if replying to an existing topic (or "'''::'''" if replying to a reply, etc.).</li><li>I will generally respond ''here'' to comments that are posted here, rather than replying via your talk page (or the article talk page, if you are writing to me about an article), so you may want to [{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}|action=watch}} watch this page].</li><li>If I have left a message on ''your'' talk page, please continue the discussion there; '''DO NOT''' reply here. This is ensure that discussions do not become fragmented over several talk pages.</li></ul>[{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit&section=new}} '''⇒ Start a new talk topic.''']</td></tr></table>


== Discussion ==

I would like to be discussed something generally.Read [[User talk:2.86.255.128#Tolkien Gateway and The Hobbit film|here]]. {{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}}

: I am aware of the discussion, so you don't have to prompt me to read the discussion. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 13:42, 4 January 2017 (UTC)

::All these games that I added on Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment do exist.Why didn't you put these games on this page earlier? Before me no-one else had ever said about these games on Tolkien Gateway. You could have mentioned these games earlier on Tolkien Gateway, but you didn't.Why? Also, these games do exist in this title that I have just edited. You can search for it on Internet. You couild create pages about these games on Tolkien Gateway. {{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}}

::I saw that only two of these games are mentioned in Tolkien Gateway, on page [[The Hobbit (film series)]] in Content ''Games and merchandise''.That is good but these games need their own pages on Tolkien Gateway and more references to these games in Tolkien Gateway. Do you understand what I am saying? {{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}}

:::This is a wiki. As a wiki the content is dictated by individual users who, of their own free will, decide what content should be included. There is no commissioning editor here who decrees what should be included on a page; this means that if no one wants to do it then it doesn't get done. I never wanted to edit the list of games by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment, so I never did it. It was not a deliberate or malevolent decision; I decide what I want to edit, not what I don't.
:::As for the titles of the games, as you can see [https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/a-journey-through-middle/gjgkjeheegjnnmheaflhdocglkiegoni?hl=en here] and [http://orcattack.thehobbit.com/ here] they do not exist in the titles you edited. They were undoubtedly released for the release of those films but they do not have those titles. However, if you have an issue with a specific article please include that on the talk page of the respective article.
:::Do ''you'' understand everything that I have said? If you do not, I am sorry to say that your English is insufficient for this website. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 19:26, 9 January 2017 (UTC)

::::OK. I understand about the titles of these games.But these games are considered to be The Hobbit film Trilogy tie-in video games. Furthemore, these games set in the world of Middle-earth and playable characters are characters from the books of Tokien about Middle-earth.On Tolkien Gateway exist pages about games that are based on The Lord of the Rings film trilogy, such us [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)]] and [[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (video game)]].The same thing could be done for The Hobbit film Trilogy tie-in video games.That is why I think these pages about these games have to be created on Tolkien Gateway.Don't you think? {{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}}

:::::I have just explained to you that there is no conscious decision not to create those articles. If you want to create those articles, create those articles. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 20:26, 9 January 2017 (UTC)

::::::But I don't have the ability to create articles or upload images on Tolkien Gateway generally.In fact I don't even have the ability to create a whatever page on Tolkien Gateway, but you do have this ability.That is why I am asking it from you. {{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}}

::::::By the way,yes I am Greek.I am from Athens.{{unsignedanon| 2.86.255.128}}

:::::::You need to register in order to create articles. You did not ask me to create pages, you asked me whether those pages should exist; as I said before, I have little interest in those articles so I won't be creating those articles.

:::::::Also, please put "<nowiki>--~~~~</nowiki>" at the end of your posts, and not "<nowiki>{{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}}</nowiki>". --{{User:Mith/sig}} 18:30, 10 January 2017 (UTC)

== Question ==

How many edits do i need to make to become autoconfirmed?--[[User:LordAndSaviourSauron|LordAndSaviourSauron]] 17:24, 27 February 2017 (UTC)

:[[User talk:Morgan#A question]]. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 20:04, 27 February 2017 (UTC)

== Anonymous user ==

Hello Mith, [http://tolkiengateway.net/wiki/User_talk:89.11.206.45 it was me], just without login. Sorry! [[User:Sirielle|Sirielle]] 19:02, 1 March 2017 (UTC)

:Don't worry about it! --{{User:Mith/sig}} 12:47, 6 March 2017 (UTC)

== English variations ==
I've noticed that you've been editing my contributions to make them align with British English, including in short articles like [[Orocarni]] where there was no established English variation before my contributions. I'm used to editing Wikipedia and following its WP:ENGVAR guideline. Does Tolkien Gateway have a custom of writing all of its content in British English? (I have not seen any policy page here that addresses this issue.) If so, I don't mind writing my content in British English so you don't have to clean up my work (to the best of my ability, anyway--I speak American English and am not aware of all the differences between the two variations). I would also suggest Tolkien Gateway create a policy page to codify this custom explicitly, and perhaps inform new editors of this rule more politely than issuing them commands in edit summaries. [[User:Protospace|Protospace]] 20:16, 14 April 2017 (UTC)

:We are fairly light on written-down policies, and that's kind of been our preference for years; we tend to work by convention (and we used to have a series of community meetings to decide issues), and as we are a small band of editors we've never really had to write much down. I appreciate that this is a little opaque and I have had an ambition for some years to write down all of the things.
:On TG we do indeed have a custom of British English. Currently, we have a mish-mash of British and American English so the editors agreed a couple of years ago that British English would be preferred as that was the language of Tolkien (which, in fact, does follow the ENGVAR guidance on national ties: we just apply it to the whole wiki). We aren't militant about weeding out the American spellings, but we kind of correct them as we go along.
:On [[Dark Land]], what irritated me was your removal of my hyphen when I had clearly added it in deliberately. Apologies for being short. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 07:08, 15 April 2017 (UTC)

::Thanks for clarifying. I hadn't thoroughly looked at the edit history of Dark Land before I removed the hyphen, and I ignorantly assumed it was a typo. I will endeavor to contribute in British English from here on out (and I agree that it makes sense as a wiki-wide rule, even under ENGVAR. Since it's an establish custom, I took the liberty of adding a brief note about the preference for British English in the Manual of Style (see [[Tolkien_Gateway:Manual_of_Style#Language]]), assuming it a non-controversial addition; but I don't want to step on any toes, and feel free to revert or change as necessary. [[User:Protospace|Protospace]] 05:34, 18 April 2017 (UTC)

:::That's absolutely fine - thank you. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 08:24, 24 April 2017 (UTC)

== Grinnah ==

In response to your revent of my edit on grinnah's page, i think the info was something that the creators of the movies made as backstory for the character, but i guess i need a better reference for that--[[User:LordAndSaviourSauron|LordAndSaviourSauron]] 16:29, 17 April 2017 (UTC)
:And another thing: i tagged the warg matriarch page as unfinished, since it still needs sources, and an image. {{unsigned|LordAndSaviourSauron}}

::Yes - solid references are a requirement. I would suggest as a potential source the ''Chronicles'' books from the films. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 08:26, 24 April 2017 (UTC)

== Tense to use? ==

In [[Tolkien_Gateway:Manual_of_Style#Tense]], it says that in-world articles should all be in the past tense. However, all of the chapter summaries for ''The Lord of the Rings'' are in present tense (Example: [[A Long-expected Party]]). Is this a specific exception, or should these summaries be in past tense? [[User:Neithan|Neithan]] 03:49, 3 May 2017 (UTC)

:I think they're an exception because they aren't in-world. They are written from the perspective of a summary of the chapters. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 19:25, 3 May 2017 (UTC)

== Can only admins rename pages? ==

If so, I need some help deleting one page and renaming another. <nowiki>[[A Fan's Guide to New-Sindarin]]</nowiki> and <nowiki>[[A Fan's Guide to Neo-Sindarin.]]</nowiki> both have formatting issues in their titles that resulted from my use of a tablet and not paying close enough attention to auto-correct issues. They are the same article, I was just trying to deal with mistakes made in the naming of the page. Thanks for the assistance, sorry for the mess. [[User:Corsair Caruso|Corsair Caruso]] 18:29, 17 July 2017 (UTC)

:Any registered user can rename a page, you do this by clicking on "move". In a sense, you "move" the article to its new title. Hope this helps! --{{User:Mith/sig}} 18:35, 21 July 2017 (UTC)

== Thanks for fixing the berserker pic ==

i already tried to remove the frame myself, but it always uploaded the original thing--[[User:LordAndSaviourSauron|LordAndSaviourSauron]] 20:58, 19 August 2017 (UTC)

== Adding new copyright permissions ==
Hi Mith. I'm a big fan of the artist Sebastian Rodriguez (here's an example of his [https://tsrodriguez.deviantart.com/art/Dark-Lore-of-LOTR-Into-the-Storm-597163223 work]). I spoke with him directly and he would love to feature his artwork here. What is the process for formal copyright permission? Thanks. --[[User:Ebakunin|ebakunin]] 23:11, 19 December 2017 (UTC)

:So, assuming you have clear and written permission from the artist, you need to make sure you save that (precautionary, in case of future challenge), as well as confirmation of the name the artist would like to be credited under and the web address they use. You then just create [[:Category:Evidence of permission granted by copyright holders|one of these pages]] and the [[:Category:Images by artist|accompanying image category]], and you're good to go. Don't forget to add copyright template to any images you upload. Thanks for checking! --{{User:Mith/sig}} 09:50, 21 December 2017 (UTC)

::Should the screenshot of the artist's permission be uploaded to Tolkien Gateway? --[[User:Ebakunin|ebakunin]] 18:09, 21 December 2017 (UTC)

User talk:Mith/2017

2017-12-19T23:11:10Z

Ebakunin: Adding new copyright permissions

{{talkarchive|2006|2007|2008|2009|2010|2011|2012|2013|2014|2015|2016}}
<table style="border: 1px solid #c0c090; background-color: #f8eaba; width:80%; margin-left: auto; margin-right:auto;"><tr><td rowspan="2">[[Image:Nuvola apps edu languages.png|none|50px|link=]]</td><td><div id="talk" style="text-align: center; padding: 5px; clear: both;><big>'''''Welcome to [[User:Mith|Mith]]'s talk page.'''''</big></div></td></tr><tr><td><ul><li>Please [{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit&section=new}} post your new topic at the ''bottom''] of this page, including a '''<nowiki>==Descriptive heading==</nowiki>'''.</li><li>You should sign and date your posts by inserting "'''<nowiki>~~</nowiki>~~'''" at the end of them.</li><li>Please indent your posts with "''':'''" if replying to an existing topic (or "'''::'''" if replying to a reply, etc.).</li><li>I will generally respond ''here'' to comments that are posted here, rather than replying via your talk page (or the article talk page, if you are writing to me about an article), so you may want to [{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}|action=watch}} watch this page].</li><li>If I have left a message on ''your'' talk page, please continue the discussion there; '''DO NOT''' reply here. This is ensure that discussions do not become fragmented over several talk pages.</li></ul>[{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit&section=new}} '''⇒ Start a new talk topic.''']</td></tr></table>


== Discussion ==

I would like to be discussed something generally.Read [[User talk:2.86.255.128#Tolkien Gateway and The Hobbit film|here]]. {{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}}

: I am aware of the discussion, so you don't have to prompt me to read the discussion. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 13:42, 4 January 2017 (UTC)

::All these games that I added on Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment do exist.Why didn't you put these games on this page earlier? Before me no-one else had ever said about these games on Tolkien Gateway. You could have mentioned these games earlier on Tolkien Gateway, but you didn't.Why? Also, these games do exist in this title that I have just edited. You can search for it on Internet. You couild create pages about these games on Tolkien Gateway. {{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}}

::I saw that only two of these games are mentioned in Tolkien Gateway, on page [[The Hobbit (film series)]] in Content ''Games and merchandise''.That is good but these games need their own pages on Tolkien Gateway and more references to these games in Tolkien Gateway. Do you understand what I am saying? {{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}}

:::This is a wiki. As a wiki the content is dictated by individual users who, of their own free will, decide what content should be included. There is no commissioning editor here who decrees what should be included on a page; this means that if no one wants to do it then it doesn't get done. I never wanted to edit the list of games by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment, so I never did it. It was not a deliberate or malevolent decision; I decide what I want to edit, not what I don't.
:::As for the titled of the games, as you can see [https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/a-journey-through-middle/gjgkjeheegjnnmheaflhdocglkiegoni?hl=en here] and [http://orcattack.thehobbit.com/ here] they do not exist in the title you edited. They were undoubtedly released for the release of those films but they do not have those titles. However, if you have an issue with a specific article please include that on the talk page of the respective article.
:::Do ''you'' understand everything that I have said? If you do not, I am sorry to say that your English is insufficient for this website. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 19:26, 9 January 2017 (UTC)

::::OK. I understand about the titles of these games.But these games are considered to be The Hobbit film Trilogy tie-in video games. Furthemore, these games set in the world of Middle-earth and playable characters are characters from the books of Tokien about Middle-earth.On Tolkien Gateway exist pages about games that are based on The Lord of the Rings film trilogy, such us [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)]] and [[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (video game)]].The same thing could be done for The Hobbit film Trilogy tie-in video games.That is why I think these pages about these games have to be created on Tolkien Gateway.Don't you think? {{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}}

:::::I have just explained to you that there is no conscious decision not to create those articles. If you want to create those articles, create those articles. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 20:26, 9 January 2017 (UTC)

::::::But I don't have the ability to create articles or upload images on Tolkien Gateway generally.In fact I don't even have the ability to create a whatever page on Tolkien Gateway, but you do have this ability.That is why I am asking it from you. {{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}}

::::::By the way,yes I am Greek.I am from Athens.{{unsignedanon| 2.86.255.128}}

:::::::You need to register in order to create articles. You did not ask me to create pages, you asked me whether those pages should exist; as I said before, I have little interest in those articles so I won't be creating those articles.

:::::::Also, please put "<nowiki>--~~~~</nowiki>" at the end of your posts, and not "<nowiki>{{unsignedanon|2.86.255.128}</nowiki>". --{{User:Mith/sig}} 18:30, 10 January 2017 (UTC)

== Question ==

How many edits do i need to make to become autoconfirmed?--[[User:LordAndSaviourSauron|LordAndSaviourSauron]] 17:24, 27 February 2017 (UTC)

:[[User talk:Morgan#A question]]. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 20:04, 27 February 2017 (UTC)

== Anonymous user ==

Hello Mith, [http://tolkiengateway.net/wiki/User_talk:89.11.206.45 it was me], just without login. Sorry! [[User:Sirielle|Sirielle]] 19:02, 1 March 2017 (UTC)

:Don't worry about it! --{{User:Mith/sig}} 12:47, 6 March 2017 (UTC)

== English variations ==
I've noticed that you've been editing my contributions to make them align with British English, including in short articles like [[Orocarni]] where there was no established English variation before my contributions. I'm used to editing Wikipedia and following its WP:ENGVAR guideline. Does Tolkien Gateway have a custom of writing all of its content in British English? (I have not seen any policy page here that addresses this issue.) If so, I don't mind writing my content in British English so you don't have to clean up my work (to the best of my ability, anyway--I speak American English and am not aware of all the differences between the two variations). I would also suggest Tolkien Gateway create a policy page to codify this custom explicitly, and perhaps inform new editors of this rule more politely than issuing them commands in edit summaries. [[User:Protospace|Protospace]] 20:16, 14 April 2017 (UTC)

:We are fairly light on written down policies, and that's kind of been our preference for years; we tend to work by convention (and we used to have a series of community meetings to decide issues), and as we are a small band of editors we've never really had to write much down. I appreciate that this is a little opaque and I have had an ambition for some years to write down all of the things.
:On TG we do indeed have a custom of British English. Currently, we have a mish-mash of British and American English so the editors agreed a couple of years ago that British English would be preferred as that was the language of Tolkien (which, in fact, does follow the ENGVAR guidance on national ties: we just apply it to the whole wiki). We aren't militant about weeding out the American spellings, but we kind of correct them as we go along.
:On [[Dark Land]], what irritated me was your removal of my hyphen when I had clearly added it in deliberately. Apologies for being short. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 07:08, 15 April 2017 (UTC)

::Thanks for clarifying. I hadn't thoroughly looked at the edit history of Dark Land before I removed the hyphen, and I ignorantly assumed it was a typo. I will endeavor to contribute in British English from here on out (and I agree that it makes sense as a wiki-wide rule, even under ENGVAR. Since it's an establish custom, I took the liberty of adding a brief note about the preference for British English in the Manual of Style (see [[Tolkien_Gateway:Manual_of_Style#Language]]), assuming it a non-controversial addition; but I don't want to step on any toes, and feel free to revert or change as necessary. [[User:Protospace|Protospace]] 05:34, 18 April 2017 (UTC)

:::That's absolutely fine - thank you. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 08:24, 24 April 2017 (UTC)

== Grinnah ==

In response to your revent of my edit on grinnah's page, i think the info was something that the creators of the movies made as backstory for the character, but i guess i need a better reference for that--[[User:LordAndSaviourSauron|LordAndSaviourSauron]] 16:29, 17 April 2017 (UTC)
:And another thing: i tagged the warg matriarch page as unfinished, since it still needs sources, and an image. {{unsigned|LordAndSaviourSauron}}

::Yes - solid references are a requirement. I would suggest as a potential source the ''Chronicles'' books from the films. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 08:26, 24 April 2017 (UTC)

== Tense to use? ==

In [[Tolkien_Gateway:Manual_of_Style#Tense]], it says that in-world articles should all be in the past tense. However, all of the chapter summaries for ''The Lord of the Rings'' are in present tense (Example: [[A Long-expected Party]]). Is this a specific exception, or should these summaries be in past tense? [[User:Neithan|Neithan]] 03:49, 3 May 2017 (UTC)

:I think they're an exception because they aren't in-world. They out written from the perspective of a summary of the chapters. --{{User:Mith/sig}} 19:25, 3 May 2017 (UTC)

== Can only admins rename pages? ==

If so, I need some help deleting one page and renaming another. <nowiki>[[A Fan's Guide to New-Sindarin]]</nowiki> and <nowiki>[[A Fan's Guide to Neo-Sindarin.]]</nowiki> both have formatting issues in their titles that resulted from my use of a tablet and not paying close enough attention to auto-correct issues. They are the same article, I was just trying to deal with mistakes made in the naming of the page. Thanks for the assistance, sorry for the mess. [[User:Corsair Caruso|Corsair Caruso]] 18:29, 17 July 2017 (UTC)

:Any registered user can rename a page, you do this by clicking on "move". In a sense, you "move" the article to its new title. Hope this helps! --{{User:Mith/sig}} 18:35, 21 July 2017 (UTC)

== Thanks for fixing the berserker pic ==

i already tried to remove the frame myself, but it always uploaded the original thing--[[User:LordAndSaviourSauron|LordAndSaviourSauron]] 20:58, 19 August 2017 (UTC)

== Adding new copyright permissions ==
Hi Mith. I'm a big fan of the artist Sebastian Rodriguez (here's an example of his [https://tsrodriguez.deviantart.com/art/Dark-Lore-of-LOTR-Into-the-Storm-597163223 work]). I spoke with him directly and he would love to feature his artwork here. What is the process for formal copyright permission? Thanks. --[[User:Ebakunin|ebakunin]] 23:11, 19 December 2017 (UTC)

Sauron

2017-06-26T20:27:47Z

Ebakunin:

{{Countdown}}
{{evil infobox
| name=Sauron
| image=[[File:Alaïs - Annatar.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Annatar" by [[:Category:Images by Alaïs|Alaïs]]
| pronun=
| othernames=[[Annatar]]<ref name="SRings"/> The Dark Lord Lord Of Earth<ref name="SIndex"/> Gorthaur the Cruel<ref name="SVala">{{S|Vala}}</ref> Mairon<ref name="PE17.1"/> Necromancer<ref name="SIndex"/> The Shadow The Enemy The Terrible'''Zigûr''' ([[Adûnaic|A]])<ref>{{HM|SD}}, "The Drowning of Anadûnê"</ref>
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]] [[Utumno]] [[Angband]] [[Númenor]] [[Dol Guldur]] [[Mordor]]
| affiliation=[[Morgoth]]
| language=[[Black Speech]]
| birth=Before the [[Music of the Ainur]]
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=[[25 March]] {{TA|3019}} (Physical death)
| deathlocation=[[Barad-dûr]]
| age=
| notablefor=Lieutenant to [[Morgoth]] Deceived the [[Elves]] into forging the [[Rings of Power]]; Created [[the One Ring]]; Brought about the [[Downfall of Númenor]]; Nearly conquered the whole of [[Middle-earth]]
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| race=[[Maiar|Maia]]
| gender=Male
| height=''[[Sauron#Appearance|See below]]''
| hair=''[[Sauron#Appearance|See below]]''
| eyes=
| clothing=''[[Sauron#Appearance|See below]]''
| weapons=[[The One Ring]]
| steed=
}}
<center>{{Quote|Sauron [...] was only less evil than his [[Morgoth|master]] in that for long he served another and not himself.|[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<ref name="SVala"/>}}</center>

'''Sauron''' ([[Quenya]], pronounced {{IPA|[ˈsaʊron]}}) was the greatest and most trusted servant of [[Morgoth]] before and during the [[First Age]]. Originally a [[Maiar|Maia]] of [[Aulë]] named "Mairon", he was ensnared by Melkor and as "Gorthaur" he became Morgoth's lieutenant in his [[Wars of Beleriand]]. From his base of [[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]], Sauron was directly responsible for the death of [[Barahir]] and later the [[Noldor]]in king [[Finrod]] during the [[Quest for the Silmaril]]. He demonstrated the ability to take the form of a wolf, a serpent, and a vampire.

After the downfall of his master, he continually strove to conquer [[Middle-earth]] throughout the [[Second Age|Second]] and [[Third Age|Third]] Ages. In the Second Age, under the guise of '''Annatar''', he deceived the [[Elves]] of [[Eregion]], who under his guidance had created the [[Rings of Power]], whilst he secretly forged [[the One Ring]] in [[Mount Doom]]. Thus Sauron became "'''[[Lord of the Ring|The Lord of the Rings]]'''". His influence corrupted the [[Númenóreans]] - leading to the destruction of [[Númenor]] - which led to [[Elendil]] founding the Realms in Exile of [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]]. Elves and the [[Dúnedain]], the descendants of the Númenóreans, formed the [[Last Alliance]] and, in {{SA|3441}}, Elendil and Elven [[High King of the Noldor|High King]] [[Gil-galad]] died destroying Sauron's body. Following Sauron's defeat, Elendil's son [[Isildur]] took the One Ring.

In the Third Age, Sauron returned to Middle-earth and, as the '''Necromancer''', took the hill of [[Amon Lanc]] as his fortress of [[Dol Guldur]]; his chief servant, the [[Witch-king]], formed the realm of [[Angmar]] in the north of [[Eriador]]. Following an attack by the [[White Council]] in {{TA|2941}}, Sauron returned to his fortress of [[Barad-dûr]] in [[Mordor]]. By {{TA|3018}} [[Frodo Baggins]] was in possession of the Ring, and he was led by [[Gandalf]] as a member of the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] in the [[Quest of the Ring]]. Whilst Sauron waged the [[War of the Ring]] against the [[Free peoples]] of Middle-earth, Frodo Baggins, [[Samwise Gamgee]] and now [[Gollum]] (who had lost the Ring to Frodo's uncle [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]]) reached Mount Doom. On [[25 March]] {{TA|3019}}, they reached Mount Doom and the Ring was destroyed. The breaking of the Ring caused Sauron's ultimate fall and resulted in the start of the [[Fourth Age]] and the [[Dominion of Men]].

==History==
===Origin===
As one of the [[Maiar]], Sauron was created by [[Ilúvatar]] before the [[Music of the Ainur]].<ref name="Ainu">{{S|Ainu}}</ref> At the beginning of Time, he was amongst the [[Ainur]] who entered into [[Eä]].<ref name="SVala">{{S|Vala}}</ref> Here he became one of the Maiar of [[Aulë]],<ref name="SVala"/> and was known as '''''Mairon'''''.<ref name="PE17.1">{{PE|17}}, p. 183</ref> However, he was soon ensnared by [[Morgoth|Melkor]] and became his greatest and most trusted servant.<ref name="SRings">{{S|Rings}}</ref> Thus he came to be known as '''''Gorthaur''''' by the [[Sindar]] of [[Beleriand]] and '''''Sauron''''' by others.<ref name="SIndex">{{S|Index}}</ref>

===Years of the Trees===
After [[Morgoth|Melkor]] made his great fortress of [[Angband]] in the north-west of [[Middle-earth]], he appointed Sauron to be its commander.<ref name="SCaptivity">{{S|Captivity}}</ref> When the [[Valar]] captured Melkor at the [[Siege of Utumno]], they stormed and searched Utumno and Angband; they, however, failed to find Sauron.<ref name="SCaptivity"/>

===First Age===
[[File:Maureval - Mairon.jpg|thumb|right|Maureval - ''Mairon'']]
{{Blockquote|Sauron was become now a sorcerer of dreadful power, master of shadows and of phantoms, foul in wisdom, cruel in strength, misshaping what he touched, twisting what he ruled, lord of werewolves; his dominion was torment.|[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<ref name="SFingolfin">{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref>}}
With the unchaining of Morgoth and his subsequent destruction of the [[Two Trees|Two Trees of Valinor]], the [[Sun]] first rose and ushered in the awakening of [[Men]]. Leaving Sauron in command of the war, Morgoth left Angband in secret to find the second-born kindred of the [[Children of Ilúvatar]] and to corrupt them to his will.<ref name="SWest">{{S|West}}</ref>

After the fall of [[Fingolfin]], Sauron launched an attack on [[Tol Sirion]]. Utter fear descended upon [[Orodreth]] and those who defended the isle. Sauron assailed [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] and turned it into a watch tower for Morgoth. Therein Sauron sat and Tol Sirion the fair became [[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]], the Isle of Werewolves.<ref name="SFingolfin"/>

Upon hearing of the deeds of [[Barahir]] and his companions, Morgoth ordered Sauron to find and kill them. [[Gorlim]], one of Barahir's companions, was captured and brought before Sauron. There Sauron promised that he would free Gorlim and his wife [[Eilinel]] in return for information. Under the terror of Sauron's eyes, Gorlim revealed everything he knew and thus the hiding place of Barahir was betrayed to the enemy. Subsequently, Sauron revealed Eilinel was dead and had Gorlim put to death.<ref name="Beren">{{S|Beren}}</ref>

[[Beren]], son of [[Barahir]], promised to avenge his father's death. He wandered [[Dorthonion]] as an outlaw and achieved great deeds that were heard far and wide. Thus Morgoth set a high price on his head and Sauron, commanding a great army of [[werewolves]] and [[fell beasts]], sought for Beren.<ref name="Beren"/>

Later, [[Finrod|Finrod Felagund]], Beren, and their ten companions left [[Nargothrond]] in search of the [[Silmarils]]. Despite their being disguised as Orcs, Sauron espied them as they entered into the vale between [[Ered Wethrin]] and [[Taur-nu-Fuin (Dorthonion)|Taur-nu-Fuin]] and was suspicious as Orcs passing were supposed to report to him. He had them captured and they were brought to him. There Finrod and Sauron fought in songs of power; the strength of both was great, but Sauron was more powerful. He then stripped them of their Orc disguise but failed to discern who they were. He had them thrown into a dark pit where one by one they were devoured by a werewolf. Withstanding this horror, they refused to betray one another.<ref name="Beren"/>

[[File:Ted Nasmith - Huan Subdues Sauron.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Huan Subdues Sauron'']]
When all of their companions were dead, Finrod and Beren were the last who remained alive in Sauron's pit. When a werewolf went to attack Beren, Finrod Felegund used all his power to defeat it. In this he was successful. However, he was critically wounded and soon passed away. In that dark moment, [[Lúthien]] came to the bridge of [[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]] and sang. From his tower of Minas Tirith, Sauron saw Lúthien and knew that it was the famous daughter of [[Melian]] and [[Thingol]]. He desired to capture her and hand her over to Morgoth. Therefore he sent a wolf to the bridge, but it was quickly and silently slain by [[Huan]]. He sent many more and each one Huan killed. Finally, he sent [[Draugluin]], sire of the werewolves of Angband. The fight between Huan and Draugluin was fierce. Eventually Draugluin fled and, before dying, he told his master that Huan was there. Therefore Sauron took the form of a werewolf, the greatest the world had ever seen, and went towards the bridge. So great was the terror of his approach that even Huan momentarily recoiled. Sauron leaped to attack Lúthien, but she drew her magic veil over his eyes afflicting him with fatigue and blindness, then Huan sprang upon Sauron and there they fought. The force of Sauron's malice alone left Lúthien weak and nearly unconscious, and the fighting was brutal and prolonged; however, he could not subdue the hound of [[Valinor]]. He was trapped within Huan's jaws and could not break free, even when he took the form of a serpent and finally his own shape. Rather than leave his physical form, he yielded to Lúthien, giving her control of the isle in return for his release. He then took the form of a vampire and fled to [[Taur-nu-Fuin (Dorthonion)|Taur-nu-Fuin]], filling the forest with horror.<ref name="Beren"/>

After the [[War of Wrath]], with the downfall of [[Morgoth]] and the destruction of [[Thangorodrim]], Sauron adopted a fair form and repented his evil deeds in fear of the wrath of the Valar. [[Eönwë]] then ordered Sauron to return to [[Valinor]] in order to receive the judgement of Manwë. Sauron was not willing to suffer such humiliation and so he fled and hid himself in [[Middle-earth]].<ref name="SRings"/>

===Second Age===
[[File:Angel Falto - Annatar.jpg|thumb|right|Angel Falto - ''Annatar'']]

Although Sauron long knew that [[Men]] were easier to sway, he sought to bring the [[Elves]] into his service, as they were far more powerful. So after about a thousand years after the [[War of Wrath]], Sauron decided that the [[Valar]] had forgotten about [[Middle-earth]] and he once again turned to evil.<ref name="silm-rop">{{S|Rings}}</ref>

After lying hidden and increasing his power in secret, Sauron put on a fair visage, calling himself '''Annatar''', the Lord of Gifts, and in {{SA|1200}} he befriended the [[Elvish]] smiths of Eregion, counselling them in arts and magic.<ref name="lotr-toy">{{App|B}}</ref> He was never welcome in [[Lindon]] as [[Elrond]] and [[Gil-galad]] did not trust him and refused to treat with him (which included [[Galadriel]] too), although they never realised who he truly was. Elsewhere he was gladly received, especially in [[Eregion]] where the [[Elvish]] smiths learned much from him as their thirst for knowledge was great.<ref name="lotr-coe">{{FR|Council}}</ref>

Under Sauron's tutelage the [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]], under the leadership of Celebrimbor, grandson of [[Fëanor]], became more skilled than anyone else, save for Fëanor himself. In the year {{SA|1500}}, when they reached the very height of their power, the Elves began the forging of the [[Rings of Power]], but Sauron knew all their secrets and in {{SA|1600}} - ten years after the completion of the Rings of Power - Sauron created [[The One Ring]] to control the bearers of the other Rings.<ref name="lotr-toy" /> For this he invested most of his own power into the Ring as he forged it.

But the Elves were not so easily ensnared, and as soon as Sauron put on the One Ring they and Celebrimbor were aware of him, and realised they were betrayed.<ref name="lotr-coe" /> They hid their Rings from Sauron and did not use them. Sauron demanded that the other Rings be given to him, for they would not have been made without his knowledge. The Elves refused, and the War was inevitable.<ref name="silm-rop" />

In this time Sauron became known as the [[Dark Lord]] of [[Mordor]]. He raised [[Barad-dûr]], the Dark Tower, near Mount Doom; constructed the [[Black Gate]] of Mordor to prevent invasion; and raised massive armies of [[Orcs]], [[Trolls]], and Men, chiefly [[Easterlings]] and [[Southrons]]. Sauron's power reached its zenith 700 years after Mordor's creation, in the 17th century of the Second Age.

The [[War of the Elves and Sauron]] was a bloody conflict which destroyed Eregion and devastated much of Eriador. Celebrimbor was slain and his body impaled on a spike paraded at the head of Sauron's legions. The Elves were pushed back almost to the Blue Mountains, while their Dwarf allies (who had also rejected Sauron) retreated behind the walls of [[Moria]] where Sauron could not assail them. Sauron was master of almost all of Middle-earth beyond the coasts, but the [[Númenóreans]], the powerful Men descended from the line of Beren and Lúthien, who lived on the island of Númenor in the sea between Middle-earth and Valinor, responded to the Elves' call for aid and sent a relief force. The combined armies rallied and were able to defeat Sauron's armies in Eriador after heavy fighting, and the Dark Lord fled back to Mordor with little more than his own bodyguard and a handful of orcs.

[[File:Ted Nasmith - The Forging of the One.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''The Forging of the One'']]
As the Elves had failed him, he had decided to distribute the Rings of Power to Men and Dwarves. The Dwarves also failed him, as they proved too hardy and resistant to their corruptive power; however the nine Men were corrupted and eventually faded, being turned into the [[Nazgûl]] (Ringwraiths), his chief servants.

Nonetheless, while Sauron's subsequent power never quite matched the height it had during the War with the elves, many of his most powerful enemies' homelands had been devastated. ''Relative'' to his enemies, Sauron's empire was actually in a stronger position than it used to be. His empire continued to expand to dominate barbarian Men to the far south and east. Throughout this, Sauron remained faithful in his old allegiance, building temples to the worship of Morgoth, where human sacrifice was practiced. Because of this, towards the end of the Second Age, Sauron assumed the titles of '''Lord of the Earth''' and '''King of Men'''.

This offended the arrogant [[Númenóreans]] who had already started to fall under the [[Shadow]]. The proud Númenóreans came to Middle-earth with great force of arms, and Sauron's forces fled. Realizing he could not defeat the Numenoreans with military strength, Sauron allowed himself to be taken as a hostage to Númenor by King [[Ar-Pharazôn]]. There, he quickly grew from captive to advisor and was known as '''Tar-Mairon'''; he converted many Númenóreans to the worship of Morgoth, becoming High Priest of the [[Cult of Melkor]]. He had the [[White Tree]] cut down and in its place raised a great temple in which he performed human sacrifices, persecuting those who were still [[Faithful]]. Finally, he convinced the king to rebel against the Valar and attack Valinor itself, claiming they would gain immortality. [[Ilúvatar|Eru]], the supreme god, then directly intervened: Númenor was drowned under the sea, and the great navy of Númenor was destroyed.

Sauron was on Númenor in the Temple of Melkor and was caught in the ensuing [[Drowning of Númenor|flood]]. However his spirit survived, although severely weakened by the destruction, and (presumably carrying the One Ring) fled back to Middle-earth.

Sauron's spirit returned to Mordor, where he slowly rebuilt his strength during the time known as the [[Dark Years]], and he was unable to assume a fair shape. From this point on he started to rule through terror and force

Meanwhile, a few faithful Númenóreans, led by [[Elendil]], were saved from the flood, and they founded [[Gondor]] and [[Arnor]] in Middle-earth. Sauron still considered them his hated enemies and he launched a pre-emptive attack on Gondor in {{SA|3429}}. These Men, led by Elendil and his sons, formed the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men|Last Alliance]] with the Elves of [[Lindon]] under the Elven-king [[Gil-galad]], and together they fought Sauron in the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. The Alliance advanced against Mordor and defeated Sauron's forces in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] and finally laid siege before [[Barad-dûr]].

The siege lasted for seven years until {{SA|3441}}, when Sauron left his fortress engaging in direct combat. Elendil and Gil-galad fought Sauron and vanquished him, but both were killed. [[Isildur]], son of Elendil, cut the One Ring from Sauron's finger and claimed it. Later, the Ring betrayed him and was lost for more than two thousand years. After his defeat in the War of the Last Alliance, Sauron had lost his ability to form a physical body for a great while.

===Third Age===
Sauron's defeat released his subjects, like the [[Easterlings]], from his tyranny, but they fell into chaos. Their tribes and kingdoms battled against each other and some withdrew to the hated west.<ref>{{UT|6b}}</ref> Weakened by his defeat and the loss of the One Ring, it is thought that he fled to the far east to regain his power and strength before returning.

It was not until c. {{TA|1000}} that Sauron could again begin to take shape. Worried by this prospect, the [[Valar]] sent five [[Maiar]] from the West to assist the peoples of Middle-earth against Sauron.<ref>{{UT|Istari}}</ref>
====Sauron's Return====
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Sauron.jpg|thumb|right|[[J.R.R. Tolkien]] - ''Sauron'' (unfinished sketch)]]
In {{TA|1050|n}} his power was enough that he began again to throw a shadow across portions of [[Middle-earth]]. Around this time he first began to inhabit southern [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]], choosing the hill of [[Amon Lanc]] as a place to build the fortress of [[Dol Guldur]]. At first, [[the Wise]] thought that it was one of the [[Nazgûl]] who had returned and taken up residence in southern Greenwood.

In the following centuries, his subjects in [[Angmar]], the [[East]] and the South once more concentrated against the Realms of his ancient enemies. Kings [[Araphant]] of [[Arnor]] and [[Ondoher]] of [[Gondor]] realised that a single force was co-ordinating the attacks on both of their kingdoms and that they should work together to combat this evil. However Angmar was successful in destroying Arnor; When Angmar was also destroyed, by [[Gondor]] and the Elves, the Nazgûl gathered back in Mordor and subsequently captured [[Minas Ithil]], now renamed [[Minas Morgul]]; Sauron's final success was ending the [[Kings of Gondor|royal line]] of Gondor.
====The Watchful Peace====
The Wise feared that their enemy is active in Dol Guldur, and when [[Gandalf]] entered the fortress in {{TA|2063|n}} the power in Dol Guldur fled before him thus beginning the [[Watchful Peace]].<ref name=TA/> Leaving [[Khamûl]] in his place, Sauron fled once more to the East, corrupting the Easterlings and forging a strong alliance between their tribes, so that when he returned he was more powerful and had many Men in his service.

The Shadow on Mirkwood had lessened, but the Nazgûl had used this period to prepare for Sauron's return and the [[Uruk-hai]], a new race of Orcs was bred in Minas Morgul.

Sauron returned from the east in {{TA|2460|n}} and again took up residence in [[Dol Guldur]] as the Necromancer. His return coincided with the One Ring revealing itself and [[Sméagol]] claimed it three years later. Feeling the danger, the Wise formed the [[White Council]].<ref name=TA/>

Sauron had captured the Dwarf King [[Thráin|Thráin II]] and taken [[Ring of Thrór|one]] of the [[Seven Rings|Seven Dwarf rings]] from him. After centuries of pressing the [[White Council]] to take action against the Necromancer, [[Gandalf]] entered Dol Guldur in secret in {{TA|2850|n}} and learned that the Necromancer was Sauron. In {{TA|2851|n}}, the White Council were informed of this, and Gandalf urged an immediate attack upon the fortress, but [[Saruman|Saruman the White]] had learned of the presence of the [[The One Ring|Ruling Ring]] near the [[Gladden Fields]]; he thought best to allow Sauron to build up his strength in order to reveal its location so that Saruman could seize it himself. Following his strategy, Saruman opposed Gandalf.<ref name=TA>{{App|TA}}</ref>

By 90 years later, Sauron had his minions look around [[Anduin]] for the One Ring and Saruman, always wanting it for himself, was worrying about it. In {{TA|2941|n}} Gandalf finally prevailed upon the [[White Council]] to attack Dol Guldur, and even Saruman agreed to [[Attack on Dol Guldur|drive Sauron out]]. By that time Gondor's forces around Mordor had weakened so much, and the [[Nazgûl]] had been preparing [[Barad-dûr]] for him, so it was easy for Sauron to flee and return to his ancient stronghold. The Dark Tower was reconstructed, and Sauron declared himself openly in {{TA|2951}}. Following this, the White Council met for one last time to discuss the whereabouts of the Rings.<ref name=TA/>

From then on Sauron stayed in Barad-dûr from where he conducted his war on the [[Free peoples]]. Saruman, who was residing in [[Orthanc]], had secretly found and used the [[Orthanc-stone]]. Through the [[Ithil-stone]] away in Barad-dûr, Sauron linked with and subjugated his mind, and by {{TA|3000}} he had totally deceived and corrupted him.<ref name=TA/>

====The War of the Ring====
Sauron bred immense armies of Orcs and allied with or enslaved Men from the east and south. He adopted the symbol of a lidless eye, and he was able at that time to send out his will over Middle-earth, so that the [[Eye of Sauron]] was a symbol of power and fear.

After torturing [[Gollum]], he learned that the One Ring had been found by [[Bilbo Baggins]]. He sent his deadliest servants, the [[Nazgûl]], to [[the Shire]], only to find that both Bilbo and his nephew, [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]], had departed. Unbeknownst to Sauron, Frodo had, at the behest of Gandalf, joined the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] on a quest to destroy the Ring. He rallied his vast armies to conquer the resistance's strongholds, and sent the Ringwraiths to find and kill Frodo. At about this time, he also learned that [[Aragorn]], Isildur's heir, had also joined the Fellowship, and was rallying armies to defeat his.

When Saruman's army was defeated at [[Isengard]], Pippin looked into the Palantir of [[Orthanc]] and saw Sauron, who thought the Hobbit was a prisoner of Saruman. Later [[Aragorn]] used the Palantir to reveal himself to Sauron. Sauron made the premature conclusion that Aragorn had the Ring, and sent an army commanded by his strongest servant, the Witch-King of Angmar, to overthrow [[Minas Tirith]]. This battle would become known as the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]].

Although Sauron lost the Battle of Pelennor Fields, the free forces of the West were greatly weakened, and Sauron still had sufficent armies in reserve to ensure military victory. He was outwitted, however, by the strategy of Gandalf, who urged the captains of the [[Free peoples]] to march against Sauron, thus diverting the Dark Lord's eye from the real threat of Frodo, the Ring Bearer, who was nearing the end of his quest to destroy the One Ring.

Frodo, however, failed at the last moment, unable to resist the power of the Ring at the place of its birth. Sauron saw Frodo as he put on the ring and, realising he had been tricked, sent the Nazgul to Mount Doom. But Gollum inadvertently saved Frodo by recovering the Ring in a desperate attempt to possess it, and then falling with it into the fire. Thus Sauron's power was unmade, and his corporeal power in Middle-earth came to an end. His spirit towered above Mordor like a black cloud, but was blown away by a [[Manwë|powerful wind]] from the [[Aman|West]]. Sauron was now permanently crippled, never to rise again, following his ancient lord Morgoth into the Void. <ref name="SVala"/> Saruman would suffer a similar fate.

==Appearance==
===Physical Form===
At first Sauron appeared as a royal and commanding figure in a strong body. He was also able to veil his power. Later however he could take only a terrible form, of a stature slightly greater than a [[Men|Man]]'s.<ref>{{L|246}}</ref>

===Eye of Sauron===
The '''Eye of Sauron''', called by many various names, was the symbol of [[Sauron]] the Dark Lord following the loss of [[the One Ring]]. This symbol was adopted to show his unceasing vigilance and piercing perception, and was displayed on the weaponry of his servants, or at least the [[orcs]].

==Etymology==
{{Transcribed|Tengwar Sauron (Quenya mode).png|Sauron|Tengwar, Quenya mode}}
{{pronounce|Quenya - Sauron.mp3|Gilgamesh}}
{{Pronounce|Annatar.mp3|Ardamir}}
{{pronounce|Sindarin - Gorthaur.mp3|Gilgamesh}}
{{pronounce|Quenya - Mairon.mp3|Gilgamesh}}
'''''Sauron''''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˈsaʊron]}})<ref group=note>''Sauron'' is pronounced "sour-on" (''sour'' as in not sweet).</ref> is a [[Quenya]] name, said to mean "the Abhorred".<ref>{{S|Index}}</ref>

Several accounts of the origin of the name ''Sauron'' were suggested in different linguistic manuscripts:
*deriving from Quenya ''[[saura]]'' ("foul, evil-smelling, putrid", from the [[Sundocarme|root]] [[THUS#Other versions|THUS]]).<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 393 (entry THUS-)</ref>
*deriving from Quenya ''[[saura]]'' ("foul, vile"; from root [[SAWA]]). The manuscript continues saying that ''Sauron'' "could be a genuine [[Sindarin]] formation from ''[[saur]]''; but is probably from Quenya". However, this origin appears to have been rejected, as it is followed by the comment "No. [[THAW|THAW-]], cruel. ''[[Saura]]'', cruel" in the manuscript.<ref>{{PE|17}}, pp. 183-4</ref>
*deriving from the [[Primitive Quendian]] form ''Øaurond-'' (formed from the adjective ''Øaurā'' "detestable", from root [[THAW]]).<ref>{{L|297}}, p. 380</ref>
*deriving from '''''Thauron''''', which includes the [[Sindarin]] element ''[[thaur]]'' ("abominable, abhorrent"; also found in [[Sauron#Other names and titles|''Gor'''thaur''''']]).<ref>{{S|Appendix}} (entry for ''thaur'')</ref>

==Other names and titles==
'''''Gorthaur''''' ([[Sindarin]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈɡorθaʊr]}}) was a name used of Sauron by the [[Sindar]] during the [[First Age]],<ref>{{S|18}}</ref><ref>{{WJ|15}}, p. 240</ref> meaning "Terrible Dread".

In some of Tolkien's notes from the 1950s, it is said that Sauron's original name was '''''Mairon''''', "the admirable" ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈmaɪron]}}), "but this was altered after he was suborned by Melkor. But he continued to call himself Mairon the Admirable, or Tar-mairon 'King Excellent', until after Númenor's downfall."<ref name="PE17.1"/>

Among his many titles were the '''[[Necromancer]]''', '''the Abhorred Dread''', the '''Nameless Enemy''', the '''Cruel''',<ref>{{S|IId}}</ref> the '''Dark Lord of Mordor''' and the '''Lord of the Rings'''. The Dúnedain called him '''Sauron the Deceiver''' due to his role in the downfall of Númenor and the Forging of the Rings of Power.

In the earlier Legendarium, Thû was a name for Sauron used by Tolkien in some of earlier periods, particularly the Lay of Leithian<ref>{{LB|3|C7}}</ref>, where Thû replaced Tevildo the Cat<ref>{{LT2|I}}</ref>.

== Other versions of the Legendarium ==
Prior to the publication of ''The Silmarillion'' Sauron's origins and true identity were unclear to those without full access to Tolkien's notes. In early editions of the ''[[The Complete Guide to Middle-earth|Guide to Middle Earth]]'', Sauron is described as "probably of the Eldar elves."

Since the earliest versions of the ''Silmarillion'' legendarium as detailed in [[the History of Middle-earth]] series, Sauron has undergone many changes. The prototype of this character was '''[[Tevildo]]''', lord of the cats, who played the role later taken by Sauron in the earliest version of the story of [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]] in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part Two]]'', '''[[The Tale of Tinúviel]]'''. Tevildo later (but still in the ''Book of Lost Tales'' period) was transformed into '''[[Thû]]''', the Necromancer. The name was then changed to '''Gorthû''', '''Sûr''', and finally to Sauron. ''Gorthû'', in the form ''Gorthaur'' remained in ''The Silmarillion''.

===The Necromancer===
In ''[[The Hobbit]]'' the Necromancer is an obscure villainous entity mentioned fleetingly by [[Gandalf]] as one of the dangers of the wider world. He is peripheral to the plot of the book: explaining why the company takes the dangerous road though Mirkwood rather than going around, and providing a reason for Gandalf's absence for that section of the journey. Thematically the Necromancer, a truly 'terrible' force beyond the power of the main protagonists, gives the world of ''The Hobbit'' a greater level of reality which Tolkien felt was necessary for a 'fairy-tale' to ring true.<ref name="Letter17">{{L|17}}</ref>

Despite the alias it would appear that the Necromancer was always intended to stand for [[Sauron]], a figure from the very earliest phases of his [[Legendarium]] (as [[Tevildo]] in ''[[The Tale of Tinúviel]]''). Shortly after the publication of ''The Hobbit'' Tolkien wrote:
{{blockquote|Mr Baggins began as a comic tale among conventional and inconsistent Grimm's fairy-tale dwarves, and got drawn into the edge of it – so that even Sauron the terrible peeped over the edge.|[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<ref name="Letter19">{{L|19}}</ref>}}

However, as ''The Hobbit'' was not originally intended to be integrated with Tolkien's wider mythology the Necromancer did not necessarily need to be consistent with his [[First Age]] counterpart Sauron, rather the two were loosely linked to add an 'impression of depth' to the narrative of ''The Hobbit''. With Tolkien's decision to merge the two 'worlds' and make Sauron the central antagonist ''[[Lord of the Rings]]'' came the need to reconcile the two figures and account for his whereabouts in the millennia between the end of the First Age and his dwelling in Bilbo's Mirkwood. This was largely achieved in the ''[[Appendix B|Tale of Years]]'', with Sauron becoming a much greater figure after the fall of his master, one who arguably drove the history of the entire Second and Third Ages of Middle-earth.

==Portrayal in adaptations==
{{Gallery
|title=Sauron in Adaptations
|width=160
|height=160
|lines=3
|File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Prologue.jpg|Sauron in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]
|File:LOTR-vol2-Sauron1.png|Sauron in ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Vol. II: The Two Towers]]''
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Motion Picture Trilogy - Sauron.jpg|Sauron ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]''
|File:The Eye Of Sauron.jpg|Eye of Sauron in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]''
|File:Necromancer.jpg|The Necromancer in the ''[[Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game]]''
|File:Lord of the Rings The Third Age - Eye of Sauron.png|Eye of Sauron in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age]]''
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online Shadows of Angmar - Eye of Sauron.png|Eye of Sauron in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar]]''
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online Shadows of Angmar - Annatar.png|[[Annatar|Antheron]] in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar]]''
|File:The Lord of the Rings Conquest - Sauron1.png|Sauron in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Conquest]]''
|File:Guardians of Middle-earth - Sauron.png|Sauron in ''[[Guardians of Middle-earth]]''
|File:The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - Necromancer.jpg|The Necromancer in ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]''
}}
===Films===
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''
: Sauron is briefly shown in the prologue sequence as a shadowy figure in a horned helmet.

'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''

'''2001-03: [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]:'''
:Sauron is played by [[Sala Baker]] and voiced by the late [[Alan Howard]]. In these films, he is depicted as a tall armored warlord wielding a huge mace (similar to how his master [[Morgoth]] is described in ''[[The Silmarillion]]''). In the first film, he is depicted killing [[Gil-galad]] (offscreen) and then [[Elendil]] before being defeated by [[Isildur]] using his father's [[Narsil|broken sword]] to cut off the finger wearing [[the One Ring]], as well as three others on the same hand. This strangely causes his body to explode, producing a shockwave that knocks everyone on the battlefield off their feet.

:Later on, [[Saruman]] implies to [[Gandalf]] that Sauron was unable to retain his physical form and that the Eye was his astral form, a detail which is never brought up in the novel. It is unknown if Saruman was truthful with this statement, or if he was either misinformed or lying (since he was already plotting to ally with Sauron at that point).

'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''

'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers'' (video game)]]:'''

'''2003: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]:'''

'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''
: Sauron is played and voiced by [[Benedict Cumberbatch]], under his assumed identity as the Necromancer. In these films, it is stated that the White Council does not discover he is Sauron until much later, during the events of these films, previously believing him to be a human with skills in magic. In these films, Sauron initially appears as a shadowy figure before assuming his armored form from the previous films and projects the Eye of Sauron around his body.

===Radio series===
'''1955: [[The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1955 radio series)]]:'''
:The voice of Sauron is provided by [[Felix Felton]].<ref name="RT1724">Radio Times, Volume 133, No. 1724, [[23 November|November 23]], [[1956]]</ref>

'''1968: [[The Hobbit (1968 radio series)|''The Hobbit'' (1968 radio series)]]:'''
:Sauron is mentioned only very briefly at the end; [[Gandalf]] and [[Elrond]] discuss how the "Necromancer" had been driven from his abode in the south of [[Mirkwood]].

'''1979: [[The Hobbit (1979 radio series)|''The Hobbit'' (1979 radio series)]]:'''

'''1979: [[The Lord of the Rings (1979 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1979 radio series)]]:'''

===Video games===
'''1985: ''[[Lord of the Rings: Game One]]'':'''

'''1988: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's War in Middle Earth]]''

'''1990: [[J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Vol. I (1990 video game)|''J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Vol. I'' (1990 video game)]]:'''
:Sauron is mentioned by [[Gandalf]] in the beginning of the game.

'''1993: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Vol. II: The Two Towers]]'':'''
:Sauron is mentioned in the beginning of the game, when [[Gandalf]] explains the history of [[the One Ring]].

'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''

'''2003: [[The Hobbit (2003 video game)|''The Hobbit'' (2003 video game)]]:'''
:Sauron and the events of the south of Mirkwood are left unmentioned. However, whilst in Mirkwood, [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]] has to defeat creatures that he calls "Minions of the Necromancer".

'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age]]'':'''
:At the end of the game, Berethor and company (the playable characters) have to defeat the eye of Sauron by physically attacking him on top of [[Barad-dûr]].

'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''

'''2005: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Tactics]]'':'''

'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''

'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar]]'':'''

'''2008: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria]]'':'''

'''2009: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Conquest]]'':'''

'''2010: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Aragorn's Quest]]'':'''

'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'''''

'''2012: ''[[Guardians of Middle-earth]]'':'''
:Sauron is a "guardian".<ref name="Trailer">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=caYW7d-8MIY&feature=player_embedded|articlename=''Guardians of Middle-earth'': First Official Gameplay Trailer|dated=29 June 2012|website=YT|accessed=16 July 2012}}</ref>

'''2014: ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]'''''

===Others===
'''1982-97: ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]'':'''
:Sauron is treated as a Mage of level 180 (level 360 if using the One Ring). Among his items are the Elf-slaying Black Sword (S. ''Mormegil''), the Gauntlet of Slaying ("Narsil's Bane"), and the Black Scale of dragonskin. Among his special powers are Domination (control over other players using the One Eye), resistance to normal weapons, and the ability to force anyone within his sight to resist fear (or otherwise becoming frozen).<ref>{{ICE|8002}}, pp. 98-102</ref><ref>{{ICE|2006}}, pp. 97-105</ref>

'''1995-8: ''[[Middle-earth Collectible Card Game]]'':'''
:The card "[http://www.tradecardsonline.com/im/selectCard/card_id/54534/cards_lang/1 Sauron]", appearing in the set ''[[Middle-earth: The Balrog|The Balrog]]'', is playable as a manifestation of the card "[http://www.tradecardsonline.com/im/selectCard/card_id/54002/cards_lang/1 The Lidless Eye]" (from the set [[Middle-earth: The Lidless Eye|''The Lidless Eye'']]), and can be used by players to enhance their general influence.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.tradecardsonline.com/im/selectCard/game_id/20/goal/|articlename=Home page for the game Middle Earth|dated=|website=[http://www.tradecardsonline.com/ Trade Cards Online]|accessed=5 January 2012}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[:Category:Images of Sauron|Images of Sauron]]

==External links==
*[http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/sauronname.htm A Name for the Dark Lord] by [[Helge Fauskanger]]

{{references|note}}

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=evil
| house=[[Maia]]
| died=[[25 March]] {{TA|3019}}
}}
{{seq
| pvac=None
| prev=Ring created
| list=[[Ring-bearer]]
| dates=c. {{SA|1600}} – {{SA|3441|n}}
| next=[[Isildur]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

{{Ainur}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]
[[Category:Maiar]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Ring-bearers]]
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]
[[de:Sauron]]
[[fa:سائورون]]
[[fi:Sauron]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/ainur/maiar/sauron]]

Sauron

2017-06-26T17:52:58Z

Ebakunin: /* The Watchful Peace */

{{Countdown}}
{{evil infobox
| name=Sauron
| image=[[File:Alaïs - Annatar.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Annatar" by [[:Category:Images by Alaïs|Alaïs]]
| pronun=
| othernames=[[Annatar]]<ref name="SRings"/> The Dark Lord Lord Of Earth<ref name="SIndex"/> Gorthaur the Cruel<ref name="SVala">{{S|Vala}}</ref> Mairon<ref name="PE17.1"/> Necromancer<ref name="SIndex"/> The Shadow The Enemy The Terrible'''Zigûr''' ([[Adûnaic|A]])<ref>{{HM|SD}}, "The Drowning of Anadûnê"</ref>
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]] [[Utumno]] [[Angband]] [[Númenor]] [[Dol Guldur]] [[Mordor]]
| affiliation=[[Morgoth]]
| language=[[Black Speech]]
| birth=Before the [[Music of the Ainur]]
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=[[25 March]] {{TA|3019}} (Physical death)
| deathlocation=[[Barad-dûr]]
| age=
| notablefor=Lieutenant to [[Morgoth]] Deceived the [[Elves]] into forging the [[Rings of Power]]; Created [[the One Ring]]; Brought about the [[Downfall of Númenor]]; Nearly conquered the whole of [[Middle-earth]]
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| race=[[Maiar|Maia]]
| gender=Male
| height=''[[Sauron#Appearance|See below]]''
| hair=''[[Sauron#Appearance|See below]]''
| eyes=
| clothing=''[[Sauron#Appearance|See below]]''
| weapons=[[The One Ring]]
| steed=
}}
<center>{{Quote|Sauron [...] was only less evil than his [[Morgoth|master]] in that for long he served another and not himself.|[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<ref name="SVala"/>}}</center>

'''Sauron''' ([[Quenya]], pronounced {{IPA|[ˈsaʊron]}}) was the greatest and most trusted servant of [[Morgoth]] before and during the [[First Age]]. Originally a [[Maiar|Maia]] of [[Aulë]] named "Mairon", he was ensnared by Melkor and as "Gorthaur" he became Morgoth's lieutenant in his [[Wars of Beleriand]]. From his base of [[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]], Sauron was directly responsible for the death of [[Barahir]] and later the [[Noldor]]in king [[Finrod]] during the [[Quest for the Silmaril]]. He demonstrated the ability to take the form of a wolf, a serpent, and a vampire.

After the downfall of his master, he continually strove to conquer [[Middle-earth]] throughout the [[Second Age|Second]] and [[Third Age|Third]] Ages. In the Second Age, under the guise of '''Annatar''', he deceived the [[Elves]] of [[Eregion]], who under his guidance had created the [[Rings of Power]], whilst he secretly forged [[the One Ring]] in [[Mount Doom]]. Thus Sauron became "'''[[Lord of the Ring|The Lord of the Rings]]'''". His influence corrupted the [[Númenóreans]] - leading to the destruction of [[Númenor]] - which led to [[Elendil]] founding the Realms in Exile of [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]]. Elves and [[Númenóreans]] formed the [[Last Alliance]] and, in {{SA|3441}}, Elendil and Elven [[High King of the Noldor|High King]] [[Gil-galad]] died destroying Sauron's body. Following Sauron's defeat, Elendil's son [[Isildur]] took the One Ring.

In the Third Age, Sauron returned to Middle-earth and, as the '''Necromancer''', took the hill of [[Amon Lanc]] as his fortress of [[Dol Guldur]]; his chief servant, the [[Witch-king]], formed the realm of [[Angmar]] in the north of [[Eriador]]. Following an attack by the [[White Council]] in {{TA|2941}}, Sauron returned to his fortress of [[Barad-dûr]] in [[Mordor]]. By {{TA|3018}} [[Frodo Baggins]] was in possession of the Ring, and he was led by [[Gandalf]] as a member of the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] in the [[Quest of the Ring]]. Whilst Sauron waged the [[War of the Ring]] against the [[Free peoples]] of Middle-earth, Frodo Baggins, [[Samwise Gamgee]] and now [[Gollum]] (who had lost the Ring to Frodo's uncle [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]]) reached Mount Doom. On [[25 March]] {{TA|3019}}, they reached Mount Doom and the Ring was destroyed. The breaking of the Ring caused Sauron's ultimate fall and resulted in the start of the [[Fourth Age]] and the [[Dominion of Men]].

==History==
===Origin===
As one of the [[Maiar]], Sauron was created by [[Ilúvatar]] before the [[Music of the Ainur]].<ref name="Ainu">{{S|Ainu}}</ref> At the beginning of Time, he was amongst the [[Ainur]] who entered into [[Eä]].<ref name="SVala">{{S|Vala}}</ref> Here he became one of the Maiar of [[Aulë]],<ref name="SVala"/> and was known as '''''Mairon'''''.<ref name="PE17.1">{{PE|17}}, p. 183</ref> However, he was soon ensnared by [[Morgoth|Melkor]] and became his greatest and most trusted servant.<ref name="SRings">{{S|Rings}}</ref> Thus he came to be known as '''''Gorthaur''''' by the [[Sindar]] of [[Beleriand]] and '''''Sauron''''' by others.<ref name="SIndex">{{S|Index}}</ref>

===Years of the Trees===
After [[Morgoth|Melkor]] made his great fortress of [[Angband]] in the north-west of [[Middle-earth]], he appointed Sauron to be its commander.<ref name="SCaptivity">{{S|Captivity}}</ref> When the [[Valar]] captured Melkor at the [[Siege of Utumno]], they stormed and searched Utumno and Angband; they, however, failed to find Sauron.<ref name="SCaptivity"/>

===First Age===
[[File:Maureval - Mairon.jpg|thumb|right|Maureval - ''Mairon'']]
{{Blockquote|Sauron was become now a sorcerer of dreadful power, master of shadows and of phantoms, foul in wisdom, cruel in strength, misshaping what he touched, twisting what he ruled, lord of werewolves; his dominion was torment.|[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<ref name="SFingolfin">{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref>}}
With the unchaining of Morgoth and his subsequent destruction of the [[Two Trees|Two Trees of Valinor]], the [[Sun]] first rose and ushered in the awakening of [[Men]]. Leaving Sauron in command of the war, Morgoth left Angband in secret to find the second-born kindred of the [[Children of Ilúvatar]] and to corrupt them to his will.<ref name="SWest">{{S|West}}</ref>

After the fall of [[Fingolfin]], Sauron launched an attack on [[Tol Sirion]]. Utter fear descended upon [[Orodreth]] and those who defended the isle. Sauron assailed [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] and turned it into a watch tower for Morgoth. Therein Sauron sat and Tol Sirion the fair became [[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]], the Isle of Werewolves.<ref name="SFingolfin"/>

Upon hearing of the deeds of [[Barahir]] and his companions, Morgoth ordered Sauron to find and kill them. [[Gorlim]], one of Barahir's companions, was captured and brought before Sauron. There Sauron promised that he would free Gorlim and his wife [[Eilinel]] in return for information. Under the terror of Sauron's eyes, Gorlim revealed everything he knew and thus the hiding place of Barahir was betrayed to the enemy. Subsequently, Sauron revealed Eilinel was dead and had Gorlim put to death.<ref name="Beren">{{S|Beren}}</ref>

[[Beren]], son of [[Barahir]], promised to avenge his father's death. He wandered [[Dorthonion]] as an outlaw and achieved great deeds that were heard far and wide. Thus Morgoth set a high price on his head and Sauron, commanding a great army of [[werewolves]] and [[fell beasts]], sought for Beren.<ref name="Beren"/>

Later, [[Finrod|Finrod Felagund]], Beren, and their ten companions left [[Nargothrond]] in search of the [[Silmarils]]. Despite their being disguised as Orcs, Sauron espied them as they entered into the vale between [[Ered Wethrin]] and [[Taur-nu-Fuin (Dorthonion)|Taur-nu-Fuin]] and was suspicious as Orcs passing were supposed to report to him. He had them captured and they were brought to him. There Finrod and Sauron fought in songs of power; the strength of both was great, but Sauron was more powerful. He then stripped them of their Orc disguise but failed to discern who they were. He had them thrown into a dark pit where one by one they were devoured by a werewolf. Withstanding this horror, they refused to betray one another.<ref name="Beren"/>

[[File:Ted Nasmith - Huan Subdues Sauron.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Huan Subdues Sauron'']]
When all of their companions were dead, Finrod and Beren were the last who remained alive in Sauron's pit. When a werewolf went to attack Beren, Finrod Felegund used all his power to defeat it. In this he was successful. However, he was critically wounded and soon passed away. In that dark moment, [[Lúthien]] came to the bridge of [[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]] and sang. From his tower of Minas Tirith, Sauron saw Lúthien and knew that it was the famous daughter of [[Melian]] and [[Thingol]]. He desired to capture her and hand her over to Morgoth. Therefore he sent a wolf to the bridge, but it was quickly and silently slain by [[Huan]]. He sent many more and each one Huan killed. Finally, he sent [[Draugluin]], sire of the werewolves of Angband. The fight between Huan and Draugluin was fierce. Eventually Draugluin fled and, before dying, he told his master that Huan was there. Therefore Sauron took the form of a werewolf, the greatest the world had ever seen, and went towards the bridge. So great was the terror of his approach that even Huan momentarily recoiled. Sauron leaped to attack Lúthien, but she drew her magic veil over his eyes afflicting him with fatigue and blindness, then Huan sprang upon Sauron and there they fought. The force of Sauron's malice alone left Lúthien weak and nearly unconscious, and the fighting was brutal and prolonged; however, he could not subdue the hound of [[Valinor]]. He was trapped within Huan's jaws and could not break free, even when he took the form of a serpent and finally his own shape. Rather than leave his physical form, he yielded to Lúthien, giving her control of the isle in return for his release. He then took the form of a vampire and fled to [[Taur-nu-Fuin (Dorthonion)|Taur-nu-Fuin]], filling the forest with horror.<ref name="Beren"/>

After the [[War of Wrath]], with the downfall of [[Morgoth]] and the destruction of [[Thangorodrim]], Sauron adopted a fair form and repented his evil deeds in fear of the wrath of the Valar. [[Eönwë]] then ordered Sauron to return to [[Valinor]] in order to receive the judgement of Manwë. Sauron was not willing to suffer such humiliation and so he fled and hid himself in [[Middle-earth]].<ref name="SRings"/>

===Second Age===
[[File:Angel Falto - Annatar.jpg|thumb|right|Angel Falto - ''Annatar'']]

Although Sauron long knew that [[Men]] were easier to sway, he sought to bring the [[Elves]] into his service, as they were far more powerful. So after about a thousand years after the [[War of Wrath]], Sauron decided that the [[Valar]] had forgotten about [[Middle-earth]] and he once again turned to evil.<ref name="silm-rop">{{S|Rings}}</ref>

After lying hidden and increasing his power in secret, Sauron put on a fair visage, calling himself '''Annatar''', the Lord of Gifts, and in {{SA|1200}} he befriended the [[Elvish]] smiths of Eregion, counselling them in arts and magic.<ref name="lotr-toy">{{App|B}}</ref> He was never welcome in [[Lindon]] as [[Elrond]] and [[Gil-galad]] did not trust him and refused to treat with him (which included [[Galadriel]] too), although they never realised who he truly was. Elsewhere he was gladly received, especially in [[Eregion]] where the [[Elvish]] smiths learned much from him as their thirst for knowledge was great.<ref name="lotr-coe">{{FR|Council}}</ref>

Under Sauron's tutelage the [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]], under the leadership of Celebrimbor, grandson of [[Fëanor]], became more skilled than anyone else, save for Fëanor himself. In the year {{SA|1500}}, when they reached the very height of their power, the Elves began the forging of the [[Rings of Power]], but Sauron knew all their secrets and in {{SA|1600}} - ten years after the completion of the Rings of Power - Sauron created [[The One Ring]] to control the bearers of the other Rings.<ref name="lotr-toy" /> For this he invested most of his own power into the Ring as he forged it.

But the Elves were not so easily ensnared, and as soon as Sauron put on the One Ring they and Celebrimbor were aware of him, and realised they were betrayed.<ref name="lotr-coe" /> They hid their Rings from Sauron and did not use them. Sauron demanded that the other Rings be given to him, for they would not have been made without his knowledge. The Elves refused, and the War was inevitable.<ref name="silm-rop" />

In this time Sauron became known as the [[Dark Lord]] of [[Mordor]]. He raised [[Barad-dûr]], the Dark Tower, near Mount Doom; constructed the [[Black Gate]] of Mordor to prevent invasion; and raised massive armies of [[Orcs]], [[Trolls]], and Men, chiefly [[Easterlings]] and [[Southrons]]. Sauron's power reached its zenith 700 years after Mordor's creation, in the 17th century of the Second Age.

The [[War of the Elves and Sauron]] was a bloody conflict which destroyed Eregion and devastated much of Eriador. Celebrimbor was slain and his body impaled on a spike paraded at the head of Sauron's legions. The Elves were pushed back almost to the Blue Mountains, while their Dwarf allies (who had also rejected Sauron) retreated behind the walls of [[Moria]] where Sauron could not assail them. Sauron was master of almost all of Middle-earth beyond the coasts, but the [[Númenóreans]], the powerful Men descended from the line of Beren and Lúthien, who lived on the island of Númenor in the sea between Middle-earth and Valinor, responded to the Elves' call for aid and sent a relief force. The combined armies rallied and were able to defeat Sauron's armies in Eriador after heavy fighting, and the Dark Lord fled back to Mordor with little more than his own bodyguard and a handful of orcs.

[[File:Ted Nasmith - The Forging of the One.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''The Forging of the One'']]
As the Elves had failed him, he had decided to distribute the Rings of Power to Men and Dwarves. The Dwarves also failed him, as they proved too hardy and resistant to their corruptive power; however the nine Men were corrupted and eventually faded, being turned into the [[Nazgûl]] (Ringwraiths), his chief servants.

Nonetheless, while Sauron's subsequent power never quite matched the height it had during the War with the elves, many of his most powerful enemies' homelands had been devastated. ''Relative'' to his enemies, Sauron's empire was actually in a stronger position than it used to be. His empire continued to expand to dominate barbarian Men to the far south and east. Throughout this, Sauron remained faithful in his old allegiance, building temples to the worship of Morgoth, where human sacrifice was practiced. Because of this, towards the end of the Second Age, Sauron assumed the titles of '''Lord of the Earth''' and '''King of Men'''.

This offended the arrogant [[Númenóreans]] who had already started to fall under the [[Shadow]]. The proud Númenóreans came to Middle-earth with great force of arms, and Sauron's forces fled. Realizing he could not defeat the Numenoreans with military strength, Sauron allowed himself to be taken as a hostage to Númenor by King [[Ar-Pharazôn]]. There, he quickly grew from captive to advisor and was known as '''Tar-Mairon'''; he converted many Númenóreans to the worship of Morgoth, becoming High Priest of the [[Cult of Melkor]]. He had the [[White Tree]] cut down and in its place raised a great temple in which he performed human sacrifices, persecuting those who were still [[Faithful]]. Finally, he convinced the king to rebel against the Valar and attack Valinor itself, claiming they would gain immortality. [[Ilúvatar|Eru]], the supreme god, then directly intervened: Númenor was drowned under the sea, and the great navy of Númenor was destroyed.

Sauron was on Númenor in the Temple of Melkor and was caught in the ensuing [[Drowning of Númenor|flood]]. However his spirit survived, although severely weakened by the destruction, and (presumably carrying the One Ring) fled back to Middle-earth.

Sauron's spirit returned to Mordor, where he slowly rebuilt his strength during the time known as the [[Dark Years]], and he was unable to assume a fair shape. From this point on he started to rule through terror and force

Meanwhile, a few faithful Númenóreans, led by [[Elendil]], were saved from the flood, and they founded [[Gondor]] and [[Arnor]] in Middle-earth. Sauron still considered them his hated enemies and he launched a pre-emptive attack on Gondor in {{SA|3429}}. These Men, led by Elendil and his sons, formed the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men|Last Alliance]] with the Elves of [[Lindon]] under the Elven-king [[Gil-galad]], and together they fought Sauron in the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. The Alliance advanced against Mordor and defeated Sauron's forces in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] and finally laid siege before [[Barad-dûr]].

The siege lasted for seven years until {{SA|3441}}, when Sauron left his fortress engaging in direct combat. Elendil and Gil-galad fought Sauron and vanquished him, but both were killed. [[Isildur]], son of Elendil, cut the One Ring from Sauron's finger and claimed it. Later, the Ring betrayed him and was lost for more than two thousand years. After his defeat in the War of the Last Alliance, Sauron had lost his ability to form a physical body for a great while.

===Third Age===
Sauron's defeat released his subjects, like the [[Easterlings]], from his tyranny, but they fell into chaos. Their tribes and kingdoms battled against each other and some withdrew to the hated west.<ref>{{UT|6b}}</ref> Weakened by his defeat and the loss of the One Ring, it is thought that he fled to the far east to regain his power and strength before returning.

It was not until c. {{TA|1000}} that Sauron could again begin to take shape. Worried by this prospect, the [[Valar]] sent five [[Maiar]] from the West to assist the peoples of Middle-earth against Sauron.<ref>{{UT|Istari}}</ref>
====Sauron's Return====
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Sauron.jpg|thumb|right|[[J.R.R. Tolkien]] - ''Sauron'' (unfinished sketch)]]
In {{TA|1050|n}} his power was enough that he began again to throw a shadow across portions of [[Middle-earth]]. Around this time he first began to inhabit southern [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]], choosing the hill of [[Amon Lanc]] as a place to build the fortress of [[Dol Guldur]]. At first, [[the Wise]] thought that it was one of the [[Nazgûl]] who had returned and taken up residence in southern Greenwood.

In the following centuries, his subjects in [[Angmar]], the [[East]] and the South once more concentrated against the Realms of his ancient enemies. Kings [[Araphant]] of [[Arnor]] and [[Ondoher]] of [[Gondor]] realised that a single force was co-ordinating the attacks on both of their kingdoms and that they should work together to combat this evil. However Angmar was successful in destroying Arnor; When Angmar was also destroyed, by [[Gondor]] and the Elves, the Nazgûl gathered back in Mordor and subsequently captured [[Minas Ithil]], now renamed [[Minas Morgul]]; Sauron's final success was ending the [[Kings of Gondor|royal line]] of Gondor.
====The Watchful Peace====
The Wise feared that their enemy is active in Dol Guldur, and when [[Gandalf]] entered the fortress in {{TA|2063|n}} the power in Dol Guldur fled before him thus beginning the [[Watchful Peace]].<ref name=TA/> Leaving [[Khamûl]] in his place, Sauron fled once more to the East, corrupting the Easterlings and forging a strong alliance between their tribes, so that when he returned he was more powerful and had many Men in his service.

The Shadow on Mirkwood had lessened, but the Nazgûl had used this period to prepare for Sauron's return and the [[Uruk-hai]], a new race of Orcs was bred in Minas Morgul.

Sauron returned from the east in {{TA|2460|n}} and again took up residence in [[Dol Guldur]] as the Necromancer. His return coincided with the One Ring revealing itself and [[Sméagol]] claimed it three years later. Feeling the danger, the Wise formed the [[White Council]].<ref name=TA/>

Sauron had captured the Dwarf King [[Thráin|Thráin II]] and taken [[Ring of Thrór|one]] of the [[Seven Rings|Seven Dwarf rings]] from him. After centuries of pressing the [[White Council]] to take action against the Necromancer, [[Gandalf]] entered Dol Guldur in secret in {{TA|2850|n}} and learned that the Necromancer was Sauron. In {{TA|2851|n}}, the White Council were informed of this, and Gandalf urged an immediate attack upon the fortress, but [[Saruman|Saruman the White]] had learned of the presence of the [[The One Ring|Ruling Ring]] near the [[Gladden Fields]]; he thought best to allow Sauron to build up his strength in order to reveal its location so that Saruman could seize it himself. Following his strategy, Saruman opposed Gandalf.<ref name=TA>{{App|TA}}</ref>

By 90 years later, Sauron had his minions look around [[Anduin]] for the One Ring and Saruman, always wanting it for himself, was worrying about it. In {{TA|2941|n}} Gandalf finally prevailed upon the [[White Council]] to attack Dol Guldur, and even Saruman agreed to [[Attack on Dol Guldur|drive Sauron out]]. By that time Gondor's forces around Mordor had weakened so much, and the [[Nazgûl]] had been preparing [[Barad-dûr]] for him, so it was easy for Sauron to flee and return to his ancient stronghold. The Dark Tower was reconstructed, and Sauron declared himself openly in {{TA|2951}}. Following this, the White Council met for one last time to discuss the whereabouts of the Rings.<ref name=TA/>

From then on Sauron stayed in Barad-dûr from where he conducted his war on the [[Free peoples]]. Saruman, who was residing in [[Orthanc]], had secretly found and used the [[Orthanc-stone]]. Through the [[Ithil-stone]] away in Barad-dûr, Sauron linked with and subjugated his mind, and by {{TA|3000}} he had totally deceived and corrupted him.<ref name=TA/>

====The War of the Ring====
Sauron bred immense armies of Orcs and allied with or enslaved Men from the east and south. He adopted the symbol of a lidless eye, and he was able at that time to send out his will over Middle-earth, so that the [[Eye of Sauron]] was a symbol of power and fear.

After torturing [[Gollum]], he learned that the One Ring had been found by [[Bilbo Baggins]]. He sent his deadliest servants, the [[Nazgûl]], to [[the Shire]], only to find that both Bilbo and his nephew, [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]], had departed. Unbeknownst to Sauron, Frodo had, at the behest of Gandalf, joined the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] on a quest to destroy the Ring. He rallied his vast armies to conquer the resistance's strongholds, and sent the Ringwraiths to find and kill Frodo. At about this time, he also learned that [[Aragorn]], Isildur's heir, had also joined the Fellowship, and was rallying armies to defeat his.

When Saruman's army was defeated at [[Isengard]], Pippin looked into the Palantir of [[Orthanc]] and saw Sauron, who thought the Hobbit was a prisoner of Saruman. Later [[Aragorn]] used the Palantir to reveal himself to Sauron. Sauron made the premature conclusion that Aragorn had the Ring, and sent an army commanded by his strongest servant, the Witch-King of Angmar, to overthrow [[Minas Tirith]]. This battle would become known as the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]].

Although Sauron lost the Battle of Pelennor Fields, the free forces of the West were greatly weakened, and Sauron still had sufficent armies in reserve to ensure military victory. He was outwitted, however, by the strategy of Gandalf, who urged the captains of the [[Free peoples]] to march against Sauron, thus diverting the Dark Lord's eye from the real threat of Frodo, the Ring Bearer, who was nearing the end of his quest to destroy the One Ring.

Frodo, however, failed at the last moment, unable to resist the power of the Ring at the place of its birth. Sauron saw Frodo as he put on the ring and, realising he had been tricked, sent the Nazgul to Mount Doom. But Gollum inadvertently saved Frodo by recovering the Ring in a desperate attempt to possess it, and then falling with it into the fire. Thus Sauron's power was unmade, and his corporeal power in Middle-earth came to an end. His spirit towered above Mordor like a black cloud, but was blown away by a [[Manwë|powerful wind]] from the [[Aman|West]]. Sauron was now permanently crippled, never to rise again, following his ancient lord Morgoth into the Void. <ref name="SVala"/> Saruman would suffer a similar fate.

==Appearance==
===Physical Form===
At first Sauron appeared as a royal and commanding figure in a strong body. He was also able to veil his power. Later however he could take only a terrible form, of a stature slightly greater than a [[Men|Man]]'s.<ref>{{L|246}}</ref>

===Eye of Sauron===
The '''Eye of Sauron''', called by many various names, was the symbol of [[Sauron]] the Dark Lord following the loss of [[the One Ring]]. This symbol was adopted to show his unceasing vigilance and piercing perception, and was displayed on the weaponry of his servants, or at least the [[orcs]].

==Etymology==
{{Transcribed|Tengwar Sauron (Quenya mode).png|Sauron|Tengwar, Quenya mode}}
{{pronounce|Quenya - Sauron.mp3|Gilgamesh}}
{{Pronounce|Annatar.mp3|Ardamir}}
{{pronounce|Sindarin - Gorthaur.mp3|Gilgamesh}}
{{pronounce|Quenya - Mairon.mp3|Gilgamesh}}
'''''Sauron''''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˈsaʊron]}})<ref group=note>''Sauron'' is pronounced "sour-on" (''sour'' as in not sweet).</ref> is a [[Quenya]] name, said to mean "the Abhorred".<ref>{{S|Index}}</ref>

Several accounts of the origin of the name ''Sauron'' were suggested in different linguistic manuscripts:
*deriving from Quenya ''[[saura]]'' ("foul, evil-smelling, putrid", from the [[Sundocarme|root]] [[THUS#Other versions|THUS]]).<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 393 (entry THUS-)</ref>
*deriving from Quenya ''[[saura]]'' ("foul, vile"; from root [[SAWA]]). The manuscript continues saying that ''Sauron'' "could be a genuine [[Sindarin]] formation from ''[[saur]]''; but is probably from Quenya". However, this origin appears to have been rejected, as it is followed by the comment "No. [[THAW|THAW-]], cruel. ''[[Saura]]'', cruel" in the manuscript.<ref>{{PE|17}}, pp. 183-4</ref>
*deriving from the [[Primitive Quendian]] form ''Øaurond-'' (formed from the adjective ''Øaurā'' "detestable", from root [[THAW]]).<ref>{{L|297}}, p. 380</ref>
*deriving from '''''Thauron''''', which includes the [[Sindarin]] element ''[[thaur]]'' ("abominable, abhorrent"; also found in [[Sauron#Other names and titles|''Gor'''thaur''''']]).<ref>{{S|Appendix}} (entry for ''thaur'')</ref>

==Other names and titles==
'''''Gorthaur''''' ([[Sindarin]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈɡorθaʊr]}}) was a name used of Sauron by the [[Sindar]] during the [[First Age]],<ref>{{S|18}}</ref><ref>{{WJ|15}}, p. 240</ref> meaning "Terrible Dread".

In some of Tolkien's notes from the 1950s, it is said that Sauron's original name was '''''Mairon''''', "the admirable" ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈmaɪron]}}), "but this was altered after he was suborned by Melkor. But he continued to call himself Mairon the Admirable, or Tar-mairon 'King Excellent', until after Númenor's downfall."<ref name="PE17.1"/>

Among his many titles were the '''[[Necromancer]]''', '''the Abhorred Dread''', the '''Nameless Enemy''', the '''Cruel''',<ref>{{S|IId}}</ref> the '''Dark Lord of Mordor''' and the '''Lord of the Rings'''. The Dúnedain called him '''Sauron the Deceiver''' due to his role in the downfall of Númenor and the Forging of the Rings of Power.

In the earlier Legendarium, Thû was a name for Sauron used by Tolkien in some of earlier periods, particularly the Lay of Leithian<ref>{{LB|3|C7}}</ref>, where Thû replaced Tevildo the Cat<ref>{{LT2|I}}</ref>.

== Other versions of the Legendarium ==
Prior to the publication of ''The Silmarillion'' Sauron's origins and true identity were unclear to those without full access to Tolkien's notes. In early editions of the ''[[The Complete Guide to Middle-earth|Guide to Middle Earth]]'', Sauron is described as "probably of the Eldar elves."

Since the earliest versions of the ''Silmarillion'' legendarium as detailed in [[the History of Middle-earth]] series, Sauron has undergone many changes. The prototype of this character was '''[[Tevildo]]''', lord of the cats, who played the role later taken by Sauron in the earliest version of the story of [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]] in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part Two]]'', '''[[The Tale of Tinúviel]]'''. Tevildo later (but still in the ''Book of Lost Tales'' period) was transformed into '''[[Thû]]''', the Necromancer. The name was then changed to '''Gorthû''', '''Sûr''', and finally to Sauron. ''Gorthû'', in the form ''Gorthaur'' remained in ''The Silmarillion''.

===The Necromancer===
In ''[[The Hobbit]]'' the Necromancer is an obscure villainous entity mentioned fleetingly by [[Gandalf]] as one of the dangers of the wider world. He is peripheral to the plot of the book: explaining why the company takes the dangerous road though Mirkwood rather than going around, and providing a reason for Gandalf's absence for that section of the journey. Thematically the Necromancer, a truly 'terrible' force beyond the power of the main protagonists, gives the world of ''The Hobbit'' a greater level of reality which Tolkien felt was necessary for a 'fairy-tale' to ring true.<ref name="Letter17">{{L|17}}</ref>

Despite the alias it would appear that the Necromancer was always intended to stand for [[Sauron]], a figure from the very earliest phases of his [[Legendarium]] (as [[Tevildo]] in ''[[The Tale of Tinúviel]]''). Shortly after the publication of ''The Hobbit'' Tolkien wrote:
{{blockquote|Mr Baggins began as a comic tale among conventional and inconsistent Grimm's fairy-tale dwarves, and got drawn into the edge of it – so that even Sauron the terrible peeped over the edge.|[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<ref name="Letter19">{{L|19}}</ref>}}

However, as ''The Hobbit'' was not originally intended to be integrated with Tolkien's wider mythology the Necromancer did not necessarily need to be consistent with his [[First Age]] counterpart Sauron, rather the two were loosely linked to add an 'impression of depth' to the narrative of ''The Hobbit''. With Tolkien's decision to merge the two 'worlds' and make Sauron the central antagonist ''[[Lord of the Rings]]'' came the need to reconcile the two figures and account for his whereabouts in the millennia between the end of the First Age and his dwelling in Bilbo's Mirkwood. This was largely achieved in the ''[[Appendix B|Tale of Years]]'', with Sauron becoming a much greater figure after the fall of his master, one who arguably drove the history of the entire Second and Third Ages of Middle-earth.

==Portrayal in adaptations==
{{Gallery
|title=Sauron in Adaptations
|width=160
|height=160
|lines=3
|File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Prologue.jpg|Sauron in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]
|File:LOTR-vol2-Sauron1.png|Sauron in ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Vol. II: The Two Towers]]''
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Motion Picture Trilogy - Sauron.jpg|Sauron ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]''
|File:The Eye Of Sauron.jpg|Eye of Sauron in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]''
|File:Necromancer.jpg|The Necromancer in the ''[[Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game]]''
|File:Lord of the Rings The Third Age - Eye of Sauron.png|Eye of Sauron in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age]]''
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online Shadows of Angmar - Eye of Sauron.png|Eye of Sauron in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar]]''
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online Shadows of Angmar - Annatar.png|[[Annatar|Antheron]] in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar]]''
|File:The Lord of the Rings Conquest - Sauron1.png|Sauron in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Conquest]]''
|File:Guardians of Middle-earth - Sauron.png|Sauron in ''[[Guardians of Middle-earth]]''
|File:The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - Necromancer.jpg|The Necromancer in ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]''
}}
===Films===
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''
: Sauron is briefly shown in the prologue sequence as a shadowy figure in a horned helmet.

'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''

'''2001-03: [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]:'''
:Sauron is played by [[Sala Baker]] and voiced by the late [[Alan Howard]]. In these films, he is depicted as a tall armored warlord wielding a huge mace (similar to how his master [[Morgoth]] is described in ''[[The Silmarillion]]''). In the first film, he is depicted killing [[Gil-galad]] (offscreen) and then [[Elendil]] before being defeated by [[Isildur]] using his father's [[Narsil|broken sword]] to cut off the finger wearing [[the One Ring]], as well as three others on the same hand. This strangely causes his body to explode, producing a shockwave that knocks everyone on the battlefield off their feet.

:Later on, [[Saruman]] implies to [[Gandalf]] that Sauron was unable to retain his physical form and that the Eye was his astral form, a detail which is never brought up in the novel. It is unknown if Saruman was truthful with this statement, or if he was either misinformed or lying (since he was already plotting to ally with Sauron at that point).

'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''

'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers'' (video game)]]:'''

'''2003: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]:'''

'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''
: Sauron is played and voiced by [[Benedict Cumberbatch]], under his assumed identity as the Necromancer. In these films, it is stated that the White Council does not discover he is Sauron until much later, during the events of these films, previously believing him to be a human with skills in magic. In these films, Sauron initially appears as a shadowy figure before assuming his armored form from the previous films and projects the Eye of Sauron around his body.

===Radio series===
'''1955: [[The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1955 radio series)]]:'''
:The voice of Sauron is provided by [[Felix Felton]].<ref name="RT1724">Radio Times, Volume 133, No. 1724, [[23 November|November 23]], [[1956]]</ref>

'''1968: [[The Hobbit (1968 radio series)|''The Hobbit'' (1968 radio series)]]:'''
:Sauron is mentioned only very briefly at the end; [[Gandalf]] and [[Elrond]] discuss how the "Necromancer" had been driven from his abode in the south of [[Mirkwood]].

'''1979: [[The Hobbit (1979 radio series)|''The Hobbit'' (1979 radio series)]]:'''

'''1979: [[The Lord of the Rings (1979 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1979 radio series)]]:'''

===Video games===
'''1985: ''[[Lord of the Rings: Game One]]'':'''

'''1988: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's War in Middle Earth]]''

'''1990: [[J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Vol. I (1990 video game)|''J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Vol. I'' (1990 video game)]]:'''
:Sauron is mentioned by [[Gandalf]] in the beginning of the game.

'''1993: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Vol. II: The Two Towers]]'':'''
:Sauron is mentioned in the beginning of the game, when [[Gandalf]] explains the history of [[the One Ring]].

'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''

'''2003: [[The Hobbit (2003 video game)|''The Hobbit'' (2003 video game)]]:'''
:Sauron and the events of the south of Mirkwood are left unmentioned. However, whilst in Mirkwood, [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]] has to defeat creatures that he calls "Minions of the Necromancer".

'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age]]'':'''
:At the end of the game, Berethor and company (the playable characters) have to defeat the eye of Sauron by physically attacking him on top of [[Barad-dûr]].

'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''

'''2005: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Tactics]]'':'''

'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''

'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar]]'':'''

'''2008: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria]]'':'''

'''2009: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Conquest]]'':'''

'''2010: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Aragorn's Quest]]'':'''

'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'''''

'''2012: ''[[Guardians of Middle-earth]]'':'''
:Sauron is a "guardian".<ref name="Trailer">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=caYW7d-8MIY&feature=player_embedded|articlename=''Guardians of Middle-earth'': First Official Gameplay Trailer|dated=29 June 2012|website=YT|accessed=16 July 2012}}</ref>

'''2014: ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]'''''

===Others===
'''1982-97: ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]'':'''
:Sauron is treated as a Mage of level 180 (level 360 if using the One Ring). Among his items are the Elf-slaying Black Sword (S. ''Mormegil''), the Gauntlet of Slaying ("Narsil's Bane"), and the Black Scale of dragonskin. Among his special powers are Domination (control over other players using the One Eye), resistance to normal weapons, and the ability to force anyone within his sight to resist fear (or otherwise becoming frozen).<ref>{{ICE|8002}}, pp. 98-102</ref><ref>{{ICE|2006}}, pp. 97-105</ref>

'''1995-8: ''[[Middle-earth Collectible Card Game]]'':'''
:The card "[http://www.tradecardsonline.com/im/selectCard/card_id/54534/cards_lang/1 Sauron]", appearing in the set ''[[Middle-earth: The Balrog|The Balrog]]'', is playable as a manifestation of the card "[http://www.tradecardsonline.com/im/selectCard/card_id/54002/cards_lang/1 The Lidless Eye]" (from the set [[Middle-earth: The Lidless Eye|''The Lidless Eye'']]), and can be used by players to enhance their general influence.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.tradecardsonline.com/im/selectCard/game_id/20/goal/|articlename=Home page for the game Middle Earth|dated=|website=[http://www.tradecardsonline.com/ Trade Cards Online]|accessed=5 January 2012}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[:Category:Images of Sauron|Images of Sauron]]

==External links==
*[http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/sauronname.htm A Name for the Dark Lord] by [[Helge Fauskanger]]

{{references|note}}

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=evil
| house=[[Maia]]
| died=[[25 March]] {{TA|3019}}
}}
{{seq
| pvac=None
| prev=Ring created
| list=[[Ring-bearer]]
| dates=c. {{SA|1600}} – {{SA|3441|n}}
| next=[[Isildur]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

{{Ainur}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]
[[Category:Maiar]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Ring-bearers]]
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]
[[de:Sauron]]
[[fa:سائورون]]
[[fi:Sauron]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/ainur/maiar/sauron]]

Telufinwë

2011-05-27T20:17:07Z

Ebakunin:

'''''Telufinwë''''' was the [[Essi|essi]] of [[Amras]], youngest [[Sons of Fëanor|son]] of [[Fëanor]]. It means "Last [of] Finwë " in [[Quenya]].
{{references}}
* ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]'', [[The Shibboleth of Feanor ]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Telufinwe}}
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[de:Amras#Sonstiges]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/telufinwe]]
[[fi:Amras#Nimet]]

Battle of Osgiliath (disambiguation)

2009-05-22T04:42:08Z

Ebakunin:

{{cleanup}}

{{battle
|name=Battle of Osgiliath
|image=[[Image:Donato Giancola - Faramir at Osgiliath.jpg|300px]]
|conflict=War of the Ring
|date= 3018-3019 TA
|place= The ruins of Osgiliath, Anduin river fords
|result=Victory for Sauron, Fall of the eastern and western halves of Osgiliath, leading to the siege of Minas Tirith
|side1=Gondor
|side2=Mordor
|commanders1=
* Boromir
* Faramir
|commanders2=
{{Sauron blazon}}
* The Witch-king
|forces1=Several thousand Gondorians
|forces2=thousands of Orcs and other servants of Sauron
|casual1=Unknown, hundreds maybe even thousands
|casual2=Unknown, thousands|
}}
{{wotr}}
The '''Battle of Osgiliath''' was a prelude to the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]].

==History==
===Prelude===

Prior to this, Sauron had regained all his military strength and was prepared to attack [[Middle-earth]]. He first planned to attack his most powerful enemy, the land of Gondor, where "the hammer will fall hardest". But in order to destroy Gondor's capital, [[Minas Tirith in Gondor|Minas Tirith]], he first needed to capture [[Osgiliath]], a city strategically positioned on the river. Fords across the river were located in Osgiliath (half of the city was located on each side of the river) that were the only path a large army could cross the Anduin for hundreds of miles up or downstream (from Cair Andros to Pelargir). If captured, Sauron could freely move his main army across the river and to the primary target of his strategy in the war, Minas Tirith.

The battle to control the ruins of Osgiliath had actually been fought, on and off, for over a century since the fall of [[Ithilien]] to Mordor. A renewed offensive by Mordor to take the city had begun several years prior to the [[Quest of Mount Doom]] (several years before TA 3018), and was fought continuously after that point with occasional lulls.

=== The Battle ===

The forces of Gondor, led by their captain-general [[Boromir son of Denethor II|Boromir]], engaged in fierce urban warfare during this long siege. Under Boromir's command the enemy was pushed out of the half of the city on the west bank of the river, and on a strike force including Boromir and his younger brother [[Faramir son of Denethor II|Faramir]] was able to destroy the last bridge in the city that connected the two banks of the river. This prevented Mordor's army from making an easy crossing, although the fords remained. After this temporary victory secured the river passing, Sauron's assault lessened. This lull in the Mordor-offensive was probably caused by Sauron not sending more troops to Osgiliath, but instead massing them within Mordor for a killing-blow months later. During this break in heavy fighting Boromir left Gondor to seek consul at [[Rivendell]]; he would never return.

During this time, Faramir led several Ranger attacks deep into Mordor-occupied Ithilien, ambushing enemy armies moving to the Black Gate; Frodo and Sam stumbled into one such attack.

When the Great Signal from Mordor went up and another answered from Minas Morgul, the [[War of the Ring]] proper began (although [[Isengard]] had been fighting before this and Sauron had been pursuing his other fronts). Thus the Battle of Osgiliath was the first battle of the war in a strict sense.

While there were men defending the west side of Osgiliath, the Steward [[Denethor II]] ordered Faramir to lead a force to reinforce them. However, Mordor was prepared. Months beforehand, the Orcs in East Osgiliath had been secetly contructing massive numbers of boats and rafts, and swelled by reinforcements they swarmed across the River Anduin to the Gondorian positions on the other bank. After long and heavy fighting the garrison under Faramir and his troops were forced to flee back to Minas Tirith, behind the [[Rammas Echor]]. Faramir himself was badly wounded in the retreat, when a poisoned Southron arrow pierced him; more severe damage was done by the [[Black Breath]] of the [[Nazgûl]]. In the meantime, the Orcs made makeshift repairs to several destroyed bridges. The main combined army of Mordor then arrived, formed from those that Frodo saw leaving Minas Morgul, but this was "but one and not the greatest of the hosts that Mordor now sent forth": a far greater host that had massed at the Black Gate joined them at Osgiliath, and the combined forces now entired the western bank of Osgiliath. More also came from the fords at Cair Andros, which was recently captured, but they would not reach Minas Tirith until later.

=== Aftermath and Repercussions ===

Osgiliath now completely in the hands of Mordor, the vast army of Sauron marched from the city and surrounded Minas Tirith, beginning the [[siege of Gondor]] and leading directly into the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]].

==Portrayal in adaptations ==
For cinematic purposes, the movie-version of ''[[Peter Jackson's The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]'' by Peter Jackson condensed the battle. (In the book, Denethor did not order Faramir on a suicidal cavalry charge against Osgiliath, although Faramir did regard the order to go to help defend Osgiliath ill-advised and certain to result in death.)

{{references}}

[[Category:Conflicts of the Third Age]]
[[Category:Sieges]]

Siege of Utumno

2009-05-22T04:39:15Z

Ebakunin:

{{expansion}}

{{battle
| name=Siege of Utumno
| image=[[Image:Roger Garland - Melkor chained.jpg|300px]]
| conflict=[[War for Sake of the Elves]]
| date=[[Valian Year 1092|VY 1092]]-[[Valian Year 1099|VY 1099]]
| place=[[Utumno]], North of Aman
| result= Decisive victory for Valarian forces
| side1= Valar and Maiar of [[Valinor]]
| side2= Forces of [[Melkor]]
| commanders1=[[Image:FirstdawnoftheSun_Taniquetil_cropped-TNasmith.jpg|35px]] [[Oromë]]
* [[Tulkas]]
| commanders2=
{{Morgoth blazon}}
{{Sauron blazon}}
| forces1= Valarian forces of Aman
| forces2= Balrogs, Orcs, creatures of Melkor
| casual1= Unknown, probably light
| casual2= Near total
|}}

The '''Siege of Utumno''' was a great battle between [[Morgoth]] and the [[Valar]]. The forces of the Valar were easily able to storm the black fortress. They drove Melkor into the depths of [[Utumno]]. Eventually Utumno was captured and leveled, and Melkor was taken to the [[Halls of Mandos]], bound by the great chain [[Angainor]]. He was taken back to Valinor for judgment before Manwë.

[[Category:Wars and Battles]]
[[Category:Sieges]]
[[Category:Conflicts of the Elder Days]]

Sack of Eregion

2009-05-22T04:36:00Z

Ebakunin:

{{expansion}}

{{battle
|name=Sack of Eregion
|image=[[Image:City of Ost-in-Edhil mural.jpg|300px]]
|conflict=[[War of the Elves and Sauron]]
|date=[[Second Age 1697]]
|place=[[Eregion | Realm of Eregion]]
|result=Destruction of Eregion by Sauron's forces
|side1=Elves and Dwarves
|side2=Sauron's forces
|commanders1=
{{Gil-galad blazon}}
{{Celebrimbor blazon|died}}
* Elrond
* Amroth
* Durin III
|commanders2={{Sauron blazon}}
|forces1=10-20,000 Noldor Elves, and Dwarves of Durin's folk
|forces2=Thousands of Orcs, Evil Men, and other creatures of Sauron
|casual1=Thousands of Elven civilians and warriors including Celebrimbor, and some Dwarves
|casual2=Unknown, possibly light
}}

The '''Sack of Eregion''' was the campaign in which [[Sauron]] destroyed [[Eregion]] for not giving him the three Elven Rings of power and scattered the [[Elves]] that lived there.

[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]

Battle of Greenfields

2009-05-22T04:27:23Z

Ebakunin:

{{battle
| name=Battle of Greenfields
| image=[[Image:BandobrasTuk.jpg|200px]]
| conflict=Series of Orc-invasions in northern Eriador
| date=[[Third Age 2747]]
| place=[[Greenfields]], [[Northfarthing]]
| result=Victory for the [[Hobbits]]
| side1=Hobbits
| side2=Orcs of [[Mount Gram]]
| commanders1=[[Bandobras Took|Bandobras "Bullroarer" Took]]
| commanders2=[[Golfimbul]] †
| forces1=Unknown
| forces2=Unknown
| casual1=Unknown
| casual2=Unknown, but severe
|}}

The '''Battle of Greenfields''' or '''Battle of the Green Fields'''<ref name="Party">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Hobbit]]'', "[[An Unexpected Party]]"</ref> was the first battle fought in [[the Shire]], and the only one until the [[Battle of Bywater]].<ref name="Scouring">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[The Return of the King]]'', "[[The Scouring of the Shire]]"</ref>

==History==
===Prelude===
The Shire was generally untroubled by any harm for the first 1140 years of its history. [[Eriador]] was quiet until [[Third Age 2740]], when Orcs from the [[Misty Mountains]] invaded several parts of Eriador.<ref name="AppB">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[Appendix B]]'', "The Third Age"</ref>

===Battle===
Seven years after the start of the unrest, a band of Orcs of [[Mount Gram]], led by their king [[Golfimbul]], entered the [[Northfarthing]].<ref name="Scouring"/> [[Bandobras Took]], who was living in [[Long Cleeve]], crossed the river [[Norbourn]] to engage them in the region known as Greenfields, between the Norbourn and the [[Brandywine]].<ref name="Index">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], "Unfinished Index", cited in: [[Wayne G. Hammond]], [[Christina Scull]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion]]'', page 24</ref> Large enough to ride a horse, Bandobras clove through the ranks of the Orc-band and knocked Golfimbul's head off with his club. The head landed in a [[Rabbits|rabbit]]-hole a hundred yards away, inventing, according to Hobbit folklore, the game of [[golf]].<ref name="Party"/> The rest of the orcs were routed.<ref name="Concerning">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "Prologue: Concerning Hobbits"</ref>

===Aftermath===
With the route of the orcs and the death of their king, the short uprisings in Eriador ceased.<ref name="Index"/> The Shire, and Eriador as a whole, would not suffer from any more invasions until the [[War of the Ring]].<ref name="Scouring"/>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In the first phase of ''The Hobbit'', the battle was called the '''Battle of the Green Fields of Fellin''', and the goblin king was called "[[Fingolfin]]". In addition to golf, chess was also invented, because the battle was won by "checkmate".<ref name="Pryftan">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[John D. Rateliff]] (ed.), ''[[The History of The Hobbit|Mr. Baggins]]'', "[[The Pryftan Fragment]]"</ref> The reference to chess was likely removed because it was a philologist's joke that would have gone over too many heads: "checkmate" comes from Persian ''shah mat'', "the King is Dead".<ref>"[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=checkmate Checkmate]", [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php Etymonline.com]</ref>

The name "Battle of the Green Fields" first arose in the second phase. The reference to chess was removed at this stage.<ref name="Bladorthin">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[John D. Rateliff]] (ed.), ''[[The History of The Hobbit|Mr. Baggins]]'', "[[The Bladorthin Typescript]]"</ref>

==Portrayal in Adaptations==
'''2003: ''[[The Hobbit (2003 video game)|Sierra's The Hobbit]]'':'''
:The first Hobbit outside [[Bag End]] recounts the story of Bandobras, followed by the accusations that young hobbits do not know enough about their history.<ref>''[[The Hobbit (2003 video game)]]'', "Hobbiton"</ref>

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Conflicts of the Third Age]]
[[Category:Shire]]
[[de:Schlacht von Grünfeld]]
[[fr:encyclo:evenements:3a:guerres:bataille_des_champs_verts]]
[[fi:Viherkenttien taistelu]]

Battle of the Camp

2009-05-22T02:51:50Z

Ebakunin:

{{battle
|image=
|name=Battle of the Camp
|conflict=Battle of the Camp
|date=[[Third Age 1944]]
|place=[[Dagorlad]]
|result= Decisive Gondorian victory
|side1=[[Gondor]]
|side2=[[Easterlings]] and [[Haradrim]]
|commanders1=
*[[Ondoher]]
*[[Eärnil]]
|commanders2=
|forces1=Army of Gondor
|forces2=[[Wainriders]] and a contingent of Haradrim
|casual1=many, including Ondoher, and his sons [[Artamir]] and [[Faramir]]
|casual2=significant|
}}

The '''Battle of the Camp''' was a battle fought in [[Dagorlad]] between [[Eärnil]] of [[Gondor]] and the northern coalition of [[Wainriders]] after the [[Disaster of the Morannon]].

== Events Prior to the Battle ==

In 1944 [[Third Age]], [[Wainriders|Wainriders]] from [[Rhûn]] made an alliance with the [[Haradrim]], and a dual attack on [[Ithilien]] was launched. While the Wainriders assaulted Ithilien from the north, the armies of the Haradrim crossed the [[Poros]] and invaded [[South Ithilien]].

The northern assault of the Wainriders was met by the King of [[Gondor]] himself, [[Ondoher]], with his two sons [[Artamir]] and [[Faramir son of Ondoher|Faramir]]. The Easterlings swept through Gondor's defence, cutting down the King and his heirs and routing his army. Their victory complete, and Gondor defenseless before them, the Wainriders paused in North Ithilien to celebrate their conquest.

Their allies in the south had met with much less success. The Gondorian Captain [[Eärnil II|Eärnil]] had led Gondor's inferior Southern Army to victory over the Haradrim, destroying their army in South Ithilien, to the north of the Poros. After his victory, Eärnil turned north.

== The Battle ==

The feasting [[Wainriders]] suddenly found their success reversed, as Eärnil appeared with his Southern Army, reinforced by fleeing members of Ondoher's defeated northern troops. Eärnil's army descended on the unprepared Wainriders, driving many of them into the swamplands of the [[Dead Marshes]]. The Easterlings, for so long a dreaded enemy of Gondor, did not march against Gondor for hundreds of years afterwards. The battle was named after where it had taken place: the Battle of the Camp.

== Aftermath ==

Because there was no heir apparent to the throne, Ondoher and his sons having been killed in the battle, Eärnil was crowned by [[Pelendur]], the current Steward of Gondor(even though [[Arvedui]] of [[Arthedain]] had already claimed it. He was a distant relative of Ondoher, and could trace his lineage back to [[Elendil]] and [[Anárion son of Elendil|Anárion]] of old.

[[Category:Conflicts of the Third Age]]
[[de:Schlacht des Lagers]]
[[fi:Leirin Taistelu]]

Siege of Barad-dûr

2009-05-22T02:45:16Z

Ebakunin:

{{battle
| image=[[Image:Abe Papakhian - I beheld....jpg|300px]]
| name= Siege of Barad-dûr
| conflict= [[War of the Last Alliance]]
| date= [[Second Age 3434|S.A. 3434]] - [[Second Age 3441|S.A. 3441]]
| result=Last Alliance victory, disembodiment of [[Sauron]]
| place= [[Barad-dûr]], [[Mount Doom]], [[Mordor]]
| side1=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men|Last Alliance forces]]
| side2=Forces of [[Sauron]]
| commanders1=
{{Gil-galad blazon|died}}
[[Image:Tree_icon2.jpg]] [[Elendil]]†
* [[Isildur]]
* [[Anárion]]†
* [[Thranduil]]
* [[Durin IV]]
| commanders2= {{Sauron blazon}}
| forces1=Over 100,000 [[Elves]], [[Númenóreans|Men]], and [[Durin's Folk|Dwarves]]
| forces2=10,000-20,000 [[Orcs]], [[Southrons]], [[Easterlings]]
| casual1=Moderate
| casual2=Severe, nearly total
|}}

The '''Siege of Barad-dûr''' was the armed conflict that would end the [[Second Age]]. It was the direct result of the [[Battle of Dagorlad]], where passage into [[Mordor]] was won by the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men|Last Alliance]] at heavy cost.

==The Siege==
The Orcs that survived the slaughter at Dagorlad were surrounded in Barad-dûr, Sauron's dark stronghold. There, the forces of Gil-galad, Elendil and Thranduil laid siege to the tower, but could not breach its gates.

Sauron put together a strong defence with a seemingly unexhaustible supply of projectile and sorties, which inflicted heavy casualties on the Elves and Men. In [[Second Age 3440|S.A. 3440]], Anárion's helmet was crushed by a rock thrown down on him, and he died instantly.

A year later, however, Sauron went out with a sortie himself, and broke the leaguer. He came to [[Mount Doom]], where the two kings, Gil-galad and Elendil, fought with him. [[Narsil]], Elendil's sword, broke in two beneath him as he fell. Gil-galad was burned by the heat. But Sauron also fell, and [[Isildur]] cut [[The One Ring]] from his finger with what was left of Narsil. As Gil-galad's heralds [[Círdan]] and [[Elrond]] came up, they advised Isildur to destroy the Ring by throwing it in the fires of Mount Doom. But Isildur said:
<blockquote>''This I will have as weregild for my father's death, and my brother's. Was it not I who dealt the Enemy his death-blow?''[[#References|1]]</blockquote>

==Consequences==
The battle marked the (temporary) passing of Sauron, and the beginning of the [[Third Age]]. Gondor prospered, and built fortresses on all the entrances to Mordor: the [[Morannon]], [[Durthang]] and the [[Tower of Cirith Ungol]].

Isildur remained in [[Minas Tirith]] some time[[#References|2]]. When he did return North, he and his sons were [[Battle of the Gladden Fields|ambushed]][[#References|3]]. The Ring was lost in the tumult.

With the death of Gil-galad, the [[Noldor]] were without a King as he left no heir. Elrond and Círdan returned to [[Lindon]].

Since the Ring was not unmade, Sauron was not completely destroyed: his spirit was able to live on. In the Third Age, he reassumed physical shape, and regained most of his old realm and allies.

==Portrayal in adaptations==
In [[Ralph Bakshi's The Lord of the Rings]], the entire venture of the Last Alliance was combined into a short silhouette play, in which Isildur cut the Ring off Sauron's hand in battle, not when Sauron was already conquered.

[[Peter Jackson's The Fellowship of the Ring]] also compresses the Battle of Dagorlad, the Siege, and the final duel into one, and for convenience reasons, places them all at Mount Doom, in a prologue similar to that of Ralph Bakshi. The main perspective of the entire prologue, ''One Ring to rule them All'', lies with Elrond. The death of Gil-galad is not mentioned, Anárion is cut completely, and the deaths of Elendil and Sauron are rewritten.
After coming forth, Sauron wreaks havoc among the Elves and Men, and a blow from his mace throws Elendil against the mountainside, killing him. Isildur tries to take up Narsil, but it breaks as Sauron steps on it. In a desperate strike, Isildur slashes the Ring, and four fingers, from Sauron's hand. Sauron's body comes to nothing.

In a later scene, aptly named ''The Fate of the Ring'', Elrond tells [[Gandalf]] of the final debate with Isildur. Círdan is not present, and Isildur refuses by simply saying "No".

==References==
# [[Silmarillion]], [[Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age]]
# [[The Fellowship of the Ring]], [[The Council of Elrond]]
# [[Unfinished Tales]], [[The Disaster of the Gladden Fields]]

[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]
[[Category:Sieges]]

[[de:Belagerung von Barad-dûr]]

First Siege of Imladris

2009-05-22T02:43:38Z

Ebakunin:

{{expansion}}

{{battle
|name=First Siege of Imladris
|image=[[Image:Rodney_Matthews_-_Rivendell.jpg|300px]]
|conflict=[[War of the Elves and Sauron]]
|date=[[Second Age 1697 | S.A. 1697]]
|place=[[Imladris]]
|result=Victory for Elven-Dwarf alliance
|side1=Elves and Dwarves
|side2=Sauron's forces
|commanders1=
{{Gil-galad blazon}}
* Elrond
* Amroth
* Durin III
|commanders2= {{Sauron blazon}}
|forces1=10-20,000 Noldor Elves, and Dwarves of Durin's folk
|forces2=Thousands of Orcs, Evil Men, and other creatures of Sauron
|casual1=Light
|casual2=Moderate
}}

The '''First Siege of Imladris''' was a siege during the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]].

[[Elrond]] had fled with the survivors of [[Eregion]] to the North where he built a haven and fortress to hold out against Sauron he named it [[Imladris]] or Rivendell in the common tongue.

In [[Second Age 1697 |SA 1697]] Imladris came under siege by the forces of Sauron, and was cut off from [[Lindon]] and [[Khazad-dûm]]. In SA 1700 the siege was broken and Sauron was defeated at [[Battle of the Gwathló]].

[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]
[[Category:Sieges]]

Arnor

2009-05-22T02:41:46Z

Ebakunin: this is a realm, not a conflict

{{kingdom
| image = [[Image:Arnor map.gif|300px]]
| name = Arnor
| meaning= Land of the King, High Lands
| type = Monarchy
| hidep=yes
| headofstate = (High) King of [[Arnor]] (and Gondor), King of the [[Reunited Kingdom]]
| executive = Council of Arnor
| legislative =
| judicial =
| capital = [[Annúminas]]
| language = [[Westron]]
| location = [[Eriador]]
| populous = [[Men]], [[Hobbit|Hobbits]], [[Elves]], [[Dúnedain]]
| currency =
| religious = State Eru worship
| holiday =
| anthem =
| formed = [[Downfall of Númenor]] in [[Second Age 3319|S.A. 3319]]
| established = [[Second Age 3320|S.A. 3320]]
| reorganized = [[Third Age 1349|T.A. 1349]]
| fragmented = [[Third Age 861|T.A. 861]]
| dissolved = [[Third Age 1974|T.A. 1974 ]]
| restored = [[Fourth Age 1|F.O. 1]]
| era = Second/Third/Fourth Ages
}}

{{Pronounce|Arnor.mp3|Ardamir}}

'''Arnor''', or the '''Northern Kingdom''', was a kingdom of the [[Dúnedain]] in the land of [[Eriador]] in [[Middle-earth]]. It was the original seat of the [[Kings of Arnor|High King of Arnor]] who ruled over both Arnor and Gondor.

==History==

=== Early History ===

Arnor was founded at the end of the [[Second Age]] (S.A. 3320) by [[Elendil]], whose sons founded [[Gondor]] at the same time. The history of the [[Two Kingdoms|two kingdoms]] is intertwined; both kingdoms are known as the Realms of the [[Dúnedain]] in exile.

Before the foundation of Arnor there was already a sizable Númenórean population living there, a result of the slow emigration of [[Númenóreans]] which had started under [[Tar-Meneldur]] and [[Tar-Aldarion]]. Before the arrival of the [[Dúnedain]] Arnor was home to [[Middle Men]] of [[Edain]] stock, and the early colonists soon interbred with the indigenous population. Elendil and his people were aided by Noldorin High King Gil-galad and his people, and his ships sailed up the Lune river. He established the city of Annúminas as his capital. Arnor was originally favored over the more southern regions (Gondor) because the [[Elves]] under [[Gil-galad]] lived near it across the river [[Lhûn]].{{ref|1}} However, in later days after the Númenóreans fell under [[Sauron|Sauron's]] shadow they settled more to the south. This led to a situation where [[Elendil]] arrived in an area populated by people who, unlike his own [[Númenóreans]], were mainly still friends with the [[Elves]], and unlike [[Gondor]] to the south in Arnor much knowledge of the [[Elder Days]] was preserved. [[Image:Ann18.jpg|left|300px|thumb|''Palace Complex at Annúminas'' by Steven White, Jr.]]

=== The [[Palantíri]] ===

The '''[[Palantíri]]''' or 'seeing stones' were spherical stones that could communicate with each other and give visual impressions to a skilled remote user. These stones were divided originally between [[Elendil]] and his two sons. They were usually heavily guarded and under the control of the kings. There were seven of these stones in total, with three of them assigned to the northern kingdom, with the other four going to Gondor.{{ref|2}} They were:

* the [[Elostirion-stone]], in the tower of [[Elostirion]], and was used to communicate with the master stone in [[Tol Eressëa]] of the Elves, along the Straight Road. It could not contact the other Middle-Earth stones.

* the [[Amon Sûl-stone]], in the watchtower of [[Amon Sûl]]. A large stone, it was often used to contact its corresponding large stone in Gondor, at the great dome in [[Osgiliath]].

* the [[Annúminas-stone]], in the capital city of [[Annúminas]]. Though one of the lesser stones, it was the stone most often used by the [[Kings of Arnor]].

=== [[War of the Last Alliance]] ===

[[Image:Peter Jackson's Isildur2.jpg|right|250px|thumb|''Isildur'' in Peter Jackson's ''Fellowship of the Ring'']] At the end of the Second Age, Arnor allied itself with Noldorin High King [[Gil-galad]] in a great alliance opposing Sauron, the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]. In conjunction with southern forces from Gondor, they confronted Sauron's armies in the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. This war was fought over a period of several years on the [[Battle of Dagorlad|Dagorlad plain]] and in Mordor itself, at the [[Siege of Barad-dûr]]. Both [[Elendil]] and his son [[Anárion]] were slain in this conflict, but [[Isildur]] cut the One Ring from Sauron's finger and prevailed. [[Elrond]], Gil-galad's herald, urged Isildur to cast it into Mt. Doom and destroy it, but Isildur refused, and the Ring survived. Arnor suffered heavy casualties in the war, and some parts of the land were partially depopulated. {{ref|3}}

Arnor's second king [[Isildur]] (also King of [[Gondor]]) was killed in [[Third Age 2|T.A. 2]] by [[Orcs]] in the disastrous [[Battle of the Gladden Fields]]. His three eldest sons were killed with him, but the fourth and youngest, [[Valandil]], who had remained at [[Rivendell]] due to his youth, became king of Arnor (T.A 2). [[Isildur]] also lost the [[One Ring]] at this time, when it slipped off his finger as he tried to escape pursuing Orcs. It was later found by [[Gollum]] over 2,000 years later in the River [[Anduin]].

Because [[Valandil]] and his heirs did not claim the throne of [[Gondor]] the realms were split, but Arnor's ruler kept the title [[High King]], whereas in the south the ruler was 'just' King.

=== Decline and Breakup ===

{{Transcribed|Arnor_tengwar.png|Arnor|Tengwar, Sindarin mode}}
Arnor's capital was [[Annúminas]] on [[Lake Evendim]], but by [[Third Age 861|T.A. 861]] [[Fornost Erain]] had become the capital instead as Annúminas became depopulated and was slowly abandoned.

 After the death of its tenth king, [[Eärendur]], in [[Third Age 861|T.A. 861]], Arnor was shaken by civil war between the three sons of [[Eärendur]]. The eldest son, [[Amlaith]], claimed Kingship over all Arnor but was reduced to only ruling the region of Arthedain as his kingdom, while the other sons founded the breakaway kingdoms of [[Cardolan]] and [[Rhudaur]].

Arnor was refounded ''de jure'' by [[Arthedain|Arthedain's]] king [[Argeleb I]], when [[Cardolan]] placed itself under the suzerainty of Arthedain. However, even Arthedain was eventually destroyed. The people of Arnor were mostly wiped out by the continuing wars, but the [[Hobbits]] survived in [[the Shire]], Men survived in [[Bree]] and probably other villages, and the [[Dúnedain]] of Arnor created new homes in the [[Angle of Eriador|Angle]] south of [[Rivendell]], where some of them became known as the [[Rangers of the North]].{{ref|1018}}

=== Conflict with Angmar ===

[[Image:Grant Gould - The Witch King.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The Witch King'' by Eliot Gould]] Arnor's greatest enemy in the north by the middle of the Third Age was Angmar, ruled by the [[Witch-king|Witch King of Angmar]]. During the reign of Malvegil (c. [[Third Age 1300|T.A. 1300]]), this new power arose beyond the [[Ettenmoors]]. This land became populated with the Orcs and men of Sauron, and began attacking Rhudaur and Cardolan. Eventually this Witch-king was identified as in fact the chief of Sauron's Ringwraiths. Years later, Argeleb I of [[Arthedain]], reasserted control over [[Cardolan]], and fortified a line along the [[Weather Hills]]. Despite this action, Argeleb fell in battle with Angmar and its ally, [[Rhudaur]]. His son Arveleg, however, counterattacked in conjunction with Cardolan and drove the enemy back. He held this frontier in force for quite some years successfully.

[[Image:BFME2 - Weathertop.jpg|left|250px|thumb|''Weathertop'' from BFME2]] Then in [[Third Age 1409|T.A. 1409]], Angmar crossed the Hoarwell river into Cardolan and attacked again. This time, Weathertop was captured and Arveleg fell in battle. While Amon Sûl fell, the palantír was recovered and taken to Fornost. While Cardolan was laid waste, Angmar was eventually stopped by Elven forces from [[Lindon]] and [[Rivendell]], where [[Elrond]] countered them.

=== The [[Great Plague]] ===

Another threat appeared to the northern successor kingdoms, this time one that swords and spears could not deter. A [[Great Plague|major plague]] began in the east, in the vicinity of the [[Sea of Rhûn]], northeast of [[Mordor]]. After doing great damage in [[Rhovanion]], it struck [[Osgiliath]] in Gondor in [[Third age|T.A. 1636]], killing [[Telemnar|King Telemnar]] and his family. In seriously affected areas, the plague killed 50% or more of the populace. This plague, which barely affected western Gondor, spread northwards to [[Cardolan]].

In Cardolan, it struck severely, wiping out the last of Dúnedain of [[Cardolan]] at the [[Barrow-downs]]. The Witch-king, exploiting the tragedy, sent evil spirits, the [[Barrow-wights]], to infest the area. The Hobbits of the Shire were damaged by it, but not heavily. The plague lost its strength, however, at this point, so that most of [[Arthedain]] was unaffected.{{ref|5}}

=== The Fall of Arthedain ===

In [[Third Age 1974|T.A. 1974]], the final chapter in [[Arthedain|Arthedain's]] history began. The Witch-king attacked during the harsh winter weather. The capital of [[Fornost]] fell, and the remaining Arnorian forces were driven over the Lune river into Lindon. King [[Arvedui]] was compelled to flee to [[Forochel]], and ask aid of the Snowmen there. His son, [[Aranarth]], journeyed to [[Círdan]] at the Havens to inform him of Arthedain's fall. Círdan responded by sending a ship north to rescue Arvedui. When the [[Snowmen of Forochel]] saw the ship arrive, they were uncomfortable and nervous about the escape plan.{{ref|6}} Their chief replied to Arvedui:
{{quote|Do not mount on this sea-monster! If they have them, let the seamen bring us food and other things that we need, and you may stay here till the Witch-king goes home. For in summer his power wanes; but now his breath is deadly, and his cold arm is long.|''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]], p. 1018}}

It turned out that the Snowmen were right. A storm blew in that night and drove the ice towards the shore, and the ship was crushed and sank, with great loss of life, including King Arvedui. He unfortunately fulfilled [[Malbeth the Seer|Malbeth the Seer's]] prophecy about him at his birth that he would be the 'Last king' of Arthedain. So the North-kingdom ended, but the [[Hobbits]] survived in the Shire. They eventually chose a [[Thain]] from among themselves to replace the King, and the first of these was [[Bucca of the Marish]], in [[Third Age 1979|T.A. 1979]].

=== Showdown with Angmar ===

Envoys from Arthedain had journeyed to Gondor to ask assistance from the southern Dúnedain in fighting the Witch-king's forces. Gondor, however, was preoccupied with its own threats from the [[Easterlings]], and so could not respond immediately. Gondor had been in a weakened condition since the death of King Ondoher and his two sons in the [[Battle of the Camp]] fighting the Easterlings in [[Third Age 1944|T.A. 1944]]. [[Arvedui]] of Arnor tried to claim the southern throne but this claim was rejected by Gondor. [[Eärnil]], the victorious commander in the above battle and a member of the royal house, claimed the throne, and was confirmed by the Gondorian royal council.{{ref|5}}

[[Image:Amir Salehi - Servant of Death.jpg|right|250px|thumb|''Servant of Death'' by Amir Salehi]]King Arvedui sent increasingly urgent messages to Gondor about the crisis he faced from Angmar's continuing assaults. [[Eärnil II]] was unable to react quickly due to his need to order Gondor after succeeding to the throne, however. The king sent his son and heir [[Eärnur]] north to the Havens with a powerful fleet. Unfortunately, it was not in time to save [[Arthedain]], and the northern kingdom perished. When Eärnur's naval forces landed in the [[Grey Havens]], they dazzled both Men and Elves with their size and majesty. From these ships debarked the most powerful army seen in the north of Middle-earth in centuries. Círdan's people were quite impressed with the strength of Gondor's army, particularly its [[Gondorian Military Forces#Gondorian Knights and Cavalry Forces|cavalry forces]], dominated by riders from the [[Vales of Anduin]]. [[Círdan]] and Eärnur combined their forces, along with the remnant of Arnor's army, in the greatest joint Elf-Man army since the [[War of the Last Alliance]]; this great [[Host of the West (Arnor)|Host of the West]] re-crossed the River Lune and marched northward. {{ref|rotk1026}} These allies drove relentlessly toward the Arnorian capital of [[Fornost]], where the Witch-king had occupied the palace complex there.

=== Angmar is Vanquished ===

When the Witch-king saw the invading [[Host of the West (Arnor)|Host]], he failed to take it for the serious threat that it in fact was. Instead of awaiting the invaders in the fortress city of Fornost, he confidently marched his forces out to meet them in the open. He expected to defeat them as easily as had vanquished Arvedui's forces the previous year. But there was an appreciable difference this time-- the ground and naval might of Gondor. The allied Host continued to advance, and instead of establishing a merely defensive position, they attacked him from the [[Hills of Evendim]], and a [[Battle of Fornost|large battle]] broke out. The Witch-king's army could not stand before the allies, however, and began to retreat back towards their capital. Any hopes for an orderly withdrawl were in vain, however.

[[Image:Lena - Glorfindel.jpg|left|250px|thumb|''Glorfindel'' by Lena]][[Gondorian Military Forces#Gondorian Knights and Cavalry Forces|Gondorian cavalry forces]], attacking from the north, routed the forces of Angmar, and put them to flight signaling an end to what became known as the [[Battle of Fornost]]. The Witch-king, in full flight, forsook his new conquests, and made for Angmar. But the cavalry under [[Eärnur]] continued the pursuit and rode down what remained of his forces. To add to his difficulties, an Elven force under [[Glorfindel]] also attacked from [[Rivendell]], and completed his forces' destruction. At the last, the Witch-king charged Eärnur in frustration, but his horse shied away from the evil wraith. As Eärnur once again mastered his horse, Glorfindel uttered his famous prophecy:
{{quote|Do not pursue him! He will not return to this land. Far off yet is his doom, and not by the hand of man will he fall.|''The Lord of the Rings'', [[Appendix A]], p. 1027.}}
This prophecy would not be fulfilled until a thousand years later, at the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]].

=== [[Chieftains of the Dúnedain]] ===

After the death of King Arvedui, his son, [[Aranarth]], perceived that the northern Dúnedain had become too few to reestablish the realm of [[Arthedain]]. He took his dwindling people and turned them into nomads who traveled from place to place in [[Eriador]]. Instead of calling himself a king or prince, he assumed the title [[Chieftains of the Dúnedain|Chieftain]]. Through them the royal line of Arnor was maintained successfully for a thousand years until the refounding of Arnor in [[Fourth Age 1|F.O. 1]]. Aranarth brought his son [[Arahael]] to [[Rivendell]] and gave him to [[Elrond]] for safekeeping until he was grown. This became a tradition that was followed through the rest of the Third Age. Also brought to Elrond were the heirlooms of the House of Elendil: the [[Sceptre of Annúminas]], the [[Ring of Barahir]], the shards of [[Narsil]], and the [[Star of Elendil]].{{ref|rotk1018}}

So the Dúnedain survived in the shadows, waiting for a better day when the kingdom of Arnor would be reborn. There were sixteen Chieftains in direct descent, with [[Aragorn|Aragorn Elessar]] being the last. There were many perils in Eriador in that time, and many of the Chieftains died premature deaths. One of these was Aragorn II's father, [[Arathorn II]], who was slain by Orcs raiding the area.

=== [[War of the Ring]] ===

[[Image:ME-GondorKing.png|right|175px|thumb|Banner of Arnor (Reunited Kingdom)]] The Kingdom of Arnor had been fallen for a thousand years by the time the [[War of the Ring]] broke out, but northern forces did participate in the War. [[Aragorn II]] was a [[Rangers of the North|Dúnedain Ranger of the North]], and there were several hundred of them operating during the conflict. A company of this group accompanied Aragorn through the [[Paths of the Dead]] and during the attack on [[Umbar]] which captured the Corsair fleet. They were with him at the last battle, fighting under his banner, at the [[Battle of the Morannon]], where [[Sauron]] was finally thrown down.

There was conflict in other areas of the North. There were three different invasions of [[Lorien]], which were thrown back by the Elven army under [[Celeborn]] and [[Thranduil]]. Finally, Celeborn and led an attack resulting in the [[Fall of Dol Guldur|capture of Dol Guldur]] and put an end to Sauron's northern threat.

There was also a battle fought in the [[Shire]], between Saruman's [[Ruffians]] and [[Hobbit]] militia forces. This was the last battle fought in the [[War of the Ring]], and resulted in the death of Saruman and the death or capture of his followers. This became known as the [[Battle of Bywater]], and represents the Hobbit contribution to the War.{{ref|10}}

== Restoration and the [[Reunited Kingdom]] ==

[[Image:Rowena Morrill - The Last Steward of Gondor.jpg|left|250px|thumb|''The Last Steward of Gondor'' by Rowena Morrill]]Faramir, son of Denethor II the last Ruling Stewart, presented his rod of office to the new king, and received it back from him. [[Aragorn II]] then was crowned by [[Gandalf]] as [[Aragorn Elessar|King Elessar]], refounded the Kingdom of Arnor as part of the [[Reunited Kingdom]], and made [[Annúminas]] his new capital city.{{ref|rotk1019}} [[Image:John Alvin - Untitled (Aragorn and Arwen).jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Aragorn and Arwen'' by John Alvin]] He was wed to the Elven princess Arwen, who became [[Arwen Evenstar|Queen Evenstar]] of Arnor and Gondor. After the fall of [[Sauron]] Arnor was safe again for human resettlement, and although it remained less populated than [[Gondor]] to the south, in time Arnor became a more densely populated region again, even if it had dwindled in size due to the independence of the [[Shire]]. The area encompassed by the Reunited Kingdom now encompassed the territory of the [[Two Kingdoms]] at their greatest extent. In the North, this included all the land between the [[Lune|River Lune]] and the [[Misty Mountains]], and in the South included all the land between Dunland in the west, to the [[Far Harad]] southwards, to [[Rhûn]] in the east. The reborn kingdom continued on into the Fourth Age, with [[Eldarion]] eventually succeeding his father to the throne of this now empire-sized state.

== Regions of Arnor ==

* [[Arthedain]], core of the north-kingdom bordering the Lune
* [[Cardolan]], south of the [[Great East Road]], east of the Brandywine
* [[Rhudaur]], between the Weather Hills and the [[Misty Mountains]]

== Cities, Fortresses and Watchtowers ==

* [[Annúminas]], the old capital on the shore of Lake Evendim
* [[Fornost]], the new capital of the successor state of Arthedain
* [[Bree]], a trading center located on the Great East Road
* [[Lond Daer]], an old harbor town founded by Númenóreans
* [[Amon Sûl]], also called Weathertop, a watchtower on the highest of the Weather Hills
* [[Elostirion]], a watchtower in the Tower Hills
* [[Tharbad]], a fortified town and port along the River Greyflood on the southern border of Arnor

== Languages ==

The people of Arnor were of Númenórean stock, so the predominant language spoken by them was [[Westron]]. With the proximity of the Elves of [[Lindon]], at least some of the population, especially the upper classes, were probably fluent in Quenya and Eldarin.

== Etymology ==

'''Arnor''' was the colloquial name for the '''North Kingdom'''. The North Kingdom, as the land was called at its conception, was also known as ''Turmen Follondiéva'' in [[Quenya]] and ''Arthor na Forlonnas'' in [[Sindarin]]. These names quickly fell out of use, in favor of ''Arnor'': the ''Land of the King'', so called for the kingship of [[Elendil]], and to seal its precedence over the [[Gondor|southern realm]]. In full, poetic Sindarin, it was called ''Arannor'', which mirrored its Quenya name, '''Arandórë'''{{ref|n1}}. Though technically ''Arandórë'' would have a Sindarin form ''Ardor'', [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] chose ''Arnor'' because it sounded better. This linguistic change was ascribed to a later, Mannish development of Sindarin.{{ref|n2}}.

== References ==

# {{note|1}} ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age]], p. 360.
# {{note|2}} ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age]], p. 362.
# {{note|3}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]], p. 1018.
# {{note|4}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]], pp. 1017-1018.
# {{note|5}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]], p. 1023.
# {{note|6}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]], p. 1018.
# {{note|7}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]], p. 1017.
# {{note|8}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]], p. 1019.
# {{note|9}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]], p. 1017.
# {{note|10}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[The Scouring of the Shire]], pp. 992-996.
# {{note|11}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]], p. 1020.
# {{note|e1}} [[J.R.R. Tolkien]], "Words, Phrases and Passages in ''The Lord of the Rings''" (edited by [[Christopher Gilson]]), published in [[Parma Eldalamberon]] 17 (July [[2007]]), p. 28.
# {{note|e2}} ''[[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]]'', [[Letter 347]] ([[December 17]], [[1972]]); see also ''[[The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion]]'', p. 17.

==See also==

* [[Kings of Arnor]]
* [[Kings of Gondor]]
* [[Gondor]]
* [[War of the Last Alliance]]
* [[War of the Ring]]

[[Category:Pronounced articles]]
[[Category:Regions]]
[[Category:Eriador]]
[[Category:Arnor]]
[[Category:Realms]]
[[de:Arnor]]
[[fi:Arnor]]

Battle of Dagorlad

2009-05-22T02:39:54Z

Ebakunin:

{{disambig-more|Battle of Dagorlad|[[Battle of Dagorlad (disambiguation)]]}}
{{expansion}}

{{battle
|image=
|name=Battle of Dagorlad
|conflict=War of the Last Alliance
|date=[[Second Age 3434]]
|place=The plains or Dagorlad outside Mordor
|result=Decisive victory for the Allies
|side1=Men, Elves, and Dwarves
|side2=Orcs, Easterlings, Southrons, Trolls, and other creatures and servants of Sauron
|commanders1=
{{Gil-galad blazon}}
*[[Elendil]]
*[[Elrond]]
*[[Oropher]] †
*[[Amdir]] †
|commanders2= {{Sauron blazon}}
|forces1=Hundreds of thousands of Men, Elves, and Dwarves
|forces2=Hundreds of thousands of Orcs, Fallen Men, and other evil creatures
|casual1=Many thousands
|casual2=Vast numbers, more than the allies|
}}

The '''Battle of Dagorlad''' occurred in the year 3434 of the [[Second Age]]. It was fought between the army of the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men|Last Alliance]] under [[Gil-galad]] and [[Elendil]] and an army of [[Orcs]] and other creatures loyal to [[Sauron]]. The battle took place on the great, treeless, open plain between the [[Dead Marshes]] and [[Cirith Gorgor]]. The army of the Last Alliance won the battle and was able to attack the [[Morannon]], the entrance to Sauron's land of [[Mordor]]. But the Elves and Men suffered such heavy casualties, that they had to bury them and the dead Orcs in the Dead Marshes. Later, in the [[Third Age]], the Dagorlad was the site of several battles between [[Gondor]] and various [[Easterlings|Easterling]] armies, and the climatic [[Battle of the Morannon]].

[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]
[[de:Schlacht auf der Dagorlad]]
[[fr:encyclo:evenements:2a:guerres:bataille_de_dagorlad]]
[[fi:Dagorladin taistelu]]

Sack of Eregion

2009-05-22T02:36:42Z

Ebakunin:

{{expansion}}

{{battle
|name=Sack of Eregion
|image=[[Image:City of Ost-in-Edhil mural.jpg|300px]]
|conflict=[[War of the Elves and Sauron]]
|date=[[Second Age 1697]]
|place=[[Eregion | Realm of Eregion]]
|result=Destruction of Eregion by Sauron's forces
|side1=Elves and Dwarves
|side2=Sauron's forces
|commanders1=
{{Gil-galad blazon}}
[[Image:Feanor_device.gif|45px]]Celebrimbor†
* Elrond
* Amroth
* Durin III
|commanders2={{Sauron blazon}}
|forces1=10-20,000 Noldor Elves, and Dwarves of Durin's folk
|forces2=Thousands of Orcs, Evil Men, and other creatures of Sauron
|casual1=Thousands of Elven civilians and warriors including Celebrimbor, and some Dwarves
|casual2=Unknown, possibly light
}}

The '''Sack of Eregion''' was the campaign in which [[Sauron]] destroyed [[Eregion]] for not giving him the three Elven Rings of power and scattered the [[Elves]] that lived there.

[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]

Battle of the Gwathló

2009-05-22T02:34:01Z

Ebakunin:

{{expansion}}

{{battle
|name=Battle of the Gwathló
|image=
|conflict=[[War of the Elves and Sauron]]
|date=[[Second Age 1700 | 1700 SA]]
|place=the [[Eregion | Realm of Eregion]]
|result=Decisive victory for Elven-Dwarf alliance
|side1=Elves and Dwarves
|side2=Sauron's forces
|commanders1=
{{Gil-galad blazon}}
* Elrond
* Amroth
* Durin III
|commanders2={{Sauron blazon}}
|forces1=10-20,000 Noldor Elves, and Dwarves of Durin's folk
|forces2=Thousands of Orcs, Evil Men, and other creatures of Sauron
|casual1=Light
|casual2=Critical
}}

'''Battle of the Gwathló''', was a battle during the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]], in which [[Sauron]]'s army was routed by the [[Númenóreans]], and he barely escaped himself.

[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]
[[fi:Gwathlón taistelu]]

Dagor Bragollach

2009-05-22T02:30:34Z

Ebakunin:

{{battle
| name=''Dagor Bragollach''
| image=[[Image:John Howe - Morgoth vs. Fingolfin.png|300px]]
| conflict=[[War of the Jewels]]
| date=[[First Age 455|F.A. 455]]
| place=Northern [[Beleriand]]/[[Anfauglith]]
| result=Victory for Morgoth, breaking of the [[Siege of Angband]], destruction of [[Dorthonion]], loss of key fortresses and passes
| side1=The [[Ñoldor]], The [[Edain]] (especially the [[House of Bëor]])
| side2=[[Orcs|Orc]] armies, [[Glaurung]], [[Gothmog (Lord of Balrogs)|Gothmog]]
| commanders1=
{{Fingolfin blazon|died}}
{{Maedhros blazon}}
{{Finrod blazon}}
* [[Angrod]] †
* [[Aegnor]] †
* [[Bregolas]] †
* [[Barahir son of Bregor|Barahir]]
* [[Hador Lórindol]] †
| commanders2=
{{Morgoth blazon}}
* [[Gothmog (Lord of Balrogs)|Gothmog]]
* [[Glaurung]]
| forces1=Forces besieging Angband, garrisons of several strongholds including [[Himring]], [[Barad Eithel]], [[Nargothrond]] and [[Tol Sirion]], Men of the House of Bëor and [[Dor-lómin]]
| forces2=[[Balrogs]], uncounted [[Orcs]],[[Trolls]], other creatures
| casual1=Heavy for both Elves and Men, including the virtual destruction of the House of Bëor
| casual2=Unknown, but probably minor
|}}{{Pronounce|Dagor Bragollach.mp3|Ardamir}}
The '''Dagor Bragollach''' ([[Sindarin]] for '''"Battle of Sudden Flame"''') was the fourth battle of the Wars of [[Beleriand]].

== The Battle Opens ==

It began when [[Morgoth]] broke the [[Siege of Angband]], which had held for four hundred years. On a winter's night, Morgoth sent out rivers of flame, consuming [[Ard-galen]], which was renamed [[Anfauglith]]. Many elves perished as they fled from these flames, from the fire and the smoke. His armies of [[Balrogs]] and [[Orcs]], led by [[Glaurung]] first of the [[Urulóki]], overran the highlands of [[Dorthonion]], and slew [[Angrod]] and [[Aegnor]]. [[Maglor]]'s horsemen were burnt alive on the plain of [[Lothlann]], and [[Maglor's Gap]] was taken, giving Morgoth an entry into Beleriand itself. Maglor retreated with heavy losses to [[Himring]], where he helped defend the city of [[Maedhros]].

== East Beleriand Overrun ==

The [[Pass of Aglon]] was also breached, and [[Celegorm]] and [[Curufin]] fled south of [[Doriath]] to [[Nargothrond]]. Morgoth's Orcs took the mountain forests of [[Mount Rerir]], and defiled [[Helevorn|Lake Helevorn]], scattering south through [[Thargelion]] into [[East Beleriand]]. [[Caranthir]] fled to [[Amon Ereb]], where he and [[Amrod]] built defenses. From there they slowly freed East Beleriand of the Orcs, while Maglor and Maedhros held the northern border.

[[Minas Tirith in Beleriand|Minas Tirith]] in the [[Pass of Sirion]] in the West under [[Orodreth of Nargothrond|Orodreth]] held, and Orodreth's brother and Lord [[Finrod Felagund]] came north from [[Nargothrond]] with a large army. However, they were ambushed by a large army of Morgoth's forces at the Fen of Serech. The Noldor now found themselves trapped, and Finrod would have been killed but for a sortie by [[Barahir son of Bregor|Barahir]], who descended from [[Dorthonion]] and rescued the [[Elves|Elven]] lord. It was this deed which later earned Barahir the ring of Finrod which would become known as the [[Ring of Barahir]].

Finrod and his folk fled south to Nargothrond, while Barahir continued defending Dorthonion. The mountain forts of the [[Ered Wethrin]] around [[Hithlum]] also held, although barely.

== The Battle Ends: Fingolfin's Duel ==
[[Image:Ted_Nasmith_-_Fingolfin's_Wrath.jpg|thumb|''Fingolfin's Wrath'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]
Thus the Siege was broken, the [[Sons of Fëanor]] scattered, and the forces of Morgoth roamed at will throughout the north.

When [[Fingolfin]], the High King of the Noldor, learned of the losses of so many Noldor, he rode in anger across the dust of Anfauglith and challenged Morgoth to single combat. At the doors of [[Angband]] itself, they fought a great duel. Fingolfin's sword, [[Ringil]], wounded Morgoth seven times. Yet, he was felled by Morgoth's hammer, Grond, and slain by Morgoth's mighty foot.

==See also==
* [[:Category:Images of Dagor Bragollach|Images of Dagor Bragollach]]

{{warsofbeleriand}}

[[Category:Pronounced articles]]
[[Category:Conflicts of the First Age]]
[[de:Dagor Bragollach]]
[[fr:encyclo:evenements:1a:guerres:dagor_bragollach]]
[[fi:Dagor Bragollach]]

Wainrider/Balchoth War

2009-05-22T02:27:55Z

Ebakunin:

{{unnamed}}
{{Claimed|[[User:Theoden1|User:Theoden1]]}}

{{War
| previous=[[War of the Last Alliance]]
| next=[[War of the Ring]]
| name=Wainrider/Balchoth War
| image=[[Image:Jonatan Alvarsson - Middle-earth.jpg|350px]]
| begin=[[Third Age 1851|T.A. 1851]]
| end=[[Third Age 2510|T.A. 2510]]
| place=Calenardhon, Rhovanion, Dagorlad, Ithilien, both banks of River Anduin
| result=Decisive victory for Gondor and the Éothéod
| battles=[[Battle of the Plains]], [[Second Battle of Dagorlad]], [[Battle of the Camp]], [[Battle of the Field of Celebrant]]
| side1=[[Gondor]], [[Rohan|the Éothéod]]
| side2=Easterling forces: [[Wainriders]] and [[Balchoth]], Northern Orcs
| commanders1=
[[Image:ME-GondorKing.png|45px|left]] [[Rómendacil I|Tarostar Rómendacil I]] †{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-GondorKing.png|45px|left]] [[Turambar]]{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-GondorKing.png|45px|left]] [[Narmacil II]] †{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-GondorKing.png|45px|left]] [[Calimehtar]]{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-GondorKing.png|45px|left]] [[Ondoher]] †{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-GondorKing.png|45px|left]] [[Earnil II]] †{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-Gondor.png|45px|left]] [[Cirion]]{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-Rohan.png|45px|left]] [[Eorl]]{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-Gondor.png|45px|left]] [[Ecthelion II]] †
| commanders2=
{{Sauron blazon}}
[[Image:ME-Easterlings.png|45px|left]] Unknown Easterling commanders{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-Orcs.png|45px|left]] Unknown Orc commanders
|}}
The '''Wainrider/Balchoth War''' was a long series of battles spread over the first, second and third millennia of the Third Age. The first of these attacks occurred several centuries after the founding of Gondor. During this period, Gondor was under assault from the east by a number of eastern tribes variously referred as [[Wainriders]], [[Easterlings]], and [[Balchoth]]. After some serious setbacks for Gondor, they were at last decisively defeated.

== Historical Background ==

Early in the Third Age, c. T.A. 490, Easterling tribes began a series of attacks against the southern [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] exile kingdom of Gondor. This first occurred during the reign of King [[Ostoher]], who also rebuilt [[Minas Tirith (Gondor)|Minas Anor]], in c. 490 T.A. His successor, [[Rómendacil I]], defeated an Easterling invasion in T.A. 500, but was slain in a fresh assault by them in T.A. 541. His son, Turambar, once again defeated them, and captured a large area eastwards south of the Sea of Rhûn. Gondor was not troubled by Easterling attacks for centuries afterward, and by the reign of [[Hyarmendacil|Ciryaher Hyarmendacil]] (c. 1050), Gondor was at the height of its power, controlling wide areas to the south and east. {{ref|1}}

Minalcar, Regent and later King of Gondor, gave the Northmen extensive lands east of Anduin and south of the forest of [[Greenwood the Great]].

The Éothéod were a small group of Northmen in the Vales of Anduin during the middle Third Age. They first came to [[Gondor|Gondor's]] notice during the reign of King [[Calimehtar]] of Gondor. {{ref|2}}

== Calimehtar and Marhwini ==

King Calimehtar of Gondor had made common cause with Marhwini, lord of the Éothéod, against Easterling raids. [[Marhwini]] was the son of [[Marhari]], who fell fighting in Gondor's rearguard for Narmacil II at the [[Battle of the Plains]]. Marhwini sent word that the Wainriders were planning raids across the Undeeps into Calenardhon. He added that some of his people, Northmen enslaved near the forest of [[Rhovanion]]. Calimehtar led his army north through Ithilien, drawing the Easterlings towards him. As they approached the old Dagorlad battlefield, the main Gondorian force made their stand in what became known as the [[Second Battle of Dagorlad]]. Then, a Gondorian cavalry detachment, crossing the Anduin, joined with an [[éored]] led by Marhwini and attacked the Easterlings' flank and rear.

The Easterling army, under attack from three sides, broke and fled before the allies. Marhwini's mounted forces pursued across the plains, taunting them about the smoke now rising from their homes to the north. The planned revolt did indeed break out, and caused heavy damage to the Wainriders' camps and storehouses. However, the rebels took heavy casualties from the youths, old men, and young women who were still relatively well armed. In the end, the allies were, after their victory, unable to control the eastern regions south of the Forest, and pulled back to the Dagorlad region.

== Fall of Ondoher ==
[[Image:Olanda Fong-Surdenas - Easterling.jpg|left|thumb|''Easterling'' by Olanda Fong-Surdenas]]

== Cirion and Eorl ==

== Aftermath ==

== References ==

<div style="font-size: 80%">
# {{note|1}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix B]].
# {{note|2}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]].
# {{note|3}} ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', [[Cirion and Eorl and the Friendship of Gondor and Rohan]].
# {{note|4}} ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix B]].
</div>

[[Category:Conflicts of the Third Age]]

Corsair wars

2009-05-22T02:26:06Z

Ebakunin: added {{blazon}}

{{unnamed}}
{{Claimed|[[User:Theoden1]]}}

{{war
| previous=[[Wainrider/Balchoth War]]
| next= [[War of the Ring]]
| image=[[Image:Angus McBride - Corsairs.gif|350px]]
| name=Corsair Wars
| place=Umbar, Pelargir, South Gondor, coastal waters
| result=Victory for Gondor, destruction of the Corsair state
| battles=[[Siege of Pelargir]], [[Harad/Umbar Battles]], [[Battle of Pelargir]], [[Surprise Attack on Umbar]], [[First Fall of Umbar]], [[Second Fall of Umbar]]
| begin=[[Third Age 1447|T.A. 1447]]
| end=[[Third Age 3019|T.A. 3019]]
| side1=Gondorian land and naval forces
| side2=Naval and land forces of Umbar
| commanders1=
[[Image:ME-GondorKing.png|45px|left]] [[Eldacar of Gondor|Eldacar]]{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-Gondor.png|45px|left]] [[Ecthelion I]]{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-GondorKing.png|45px|left]] [[Aragorn II]]{{clear}}
* [[Aldamir]] †
* [[Minardil]] †
* [[Telumehtar]]
* [[Denethor II]] †
| commanders2=
{{Sauron blazon}}
* [[Captain of Umbar]]
| strength1=Unknown number of sailors and soldiers
| strength2=Unknown number of sailors and soldiers
| casual1=Unknown, probably moderate
| casual2=Unknown, probably severe
}}
The '''Corsair Wars''' were a long, predominately naval struggle between Kings and Stewards of Gondor and a series of renegade rebel forces based at Umbar and Pelargir.

== Historical Background ==

The fortress haven of [[Umbar]] was founded by Númenórean colonists during the Second Age, during the peak of Númenorean power. When [[Ar-Pharazôn|Ar-Pharazôn the Golden]] landed in Middle Earth to challenge the power of Sauron, he landed at this heavily fortified port city. After the [[Downfall of Númenor]], these colonists continued to be influenced by Sauron, and showed great antipathy to the exile Kingdoms founded by the [[Faithful|Faithful of Númenor]], [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]]. They became known forever afterward as the [[Black Númenoreans]], battling Gondor by land and sea.

== Early Years ==

In the aftermath of the [[Kin-strife]], the great civil conflict between [[Eldacar of Gondor|Eldacar]] and the usurper [[Castamir]], Castamir's sons fled to to Umbar. There they established a breakaway government in opposition to Gondor, and continued to clash with Gondor for centuries to come.

== Pelargir Battles ==

== Siege of Umbar ==

== War of the Ring ==

== Aftermath ==

== References ==

[[Category:Conflicts of the Third Age]]

War of the Last Alliance

2009-05-22T02:24:14Z

Ebakunin:

{{war
| previous=[[War of the Elves and Sauron]]
| next= [[War of the Ring]]
| image=[[Image:lastalliance-elves.jpg|275px]]
| name= War of the Last Alliance
| place= Mordor and lower Anduin region
| result= Victory for the Last Alliance, fall of Sauron, loss of the One Ring
| battles= [[Battle of Dagorlad]], [[Siege of Barad-dûr]]
| begin= [[Second Age 3429|S.A. 3429]]
| end= [[Second Age 3441|S.A. 3441]]
| side1= [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]], with more than 200,000 Men from [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]], Elves from [[Lindon]], [[Mirkwood]], [[Rivendell]] and [[Lorien]], [[Dwarves]] from [[Khazad-dum]]
| side2= Forces of [[Sauron]], at least 500,000 Mordor [[Orcs]], [[Easterlings]], [[Haradrim]] and other creatures
| commanders1=
{{Gil-galad blazon|died}}
* [[Elrond]]
* [[Oropher]] †
* [[Amdír]] †
[[Image:Tree_icon2.jpg]] [[Elendil]] †
* [[Isildur]]
* [[Anárion]] †
| commanders2=
{{Sauron blazon}}
[[Image:WAR-ICONS_Harad.jpg|45px]] [[Herumor (Black Númenórean)]]
* [[Fuinur]]
| strength1= More than 200,000 Men from [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]], Elves from [[Lindon]], [[Mirkwood]], [[Rivendell]] and [[Lorien]], and [[Dwarves]]
| strength2= At least 500,000 Mordor Orcs, [[Easterlings]], [[Haradrim]], [[Nazgûl]], and other creatures of Sauron|
|casual1=Thousands, innumerable|
|casual2=Nearly all Orcs, Men, and other creatures were killed|
|}}

The '''War of the Last Alliance''' was the war late in the [[Second Age]] in which the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]] marched against the fortress of [[Sauron]], [[Barad-dûr]] in [[Mordor]]. Against all hope, they were victorious, but when the [[One Ring]] was not destroyed, [[Sauron]] rose again during the long years of the [[Third Age]].

===Opening Stages===

[[Sauron]], hoping to attack the newly founded Númenórean exile states before they where solidly established, sent a task force under the [[Nazgûl]] to attack the city of [[Minas Ithil]], seat of [[Isildur]], conjoint ruler of the southern kingdom of Gondor. This attack, which occurred in S.A. 3429, surprised the southern [[Dúnedain]], burned the [[White Tree]] and forced them out of the city. [[Isildur]] escaped the city's fall, and journeyed to [[Arnor]] to seek Elendil's assistance. His brother, [[Anárion]], managed to hold a defensive line at [[Osgiliath]] and check Sauron's advance.

Isildur sailed to his father's capital of [[Annúminas]] in [[Arnor]], and described the military situation to [[Elendil|him]] in detail. After communicating with his ally [[Gil-galad]], [[High King of the Noldor]], the two High Kings decided to form a mighty combined force, known forever afterwards as the ''[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]''. Gil-galad marched eastward, leading a host of Elves along with [[Círdan]], Lord of the [[Falas]].1

[[Image:Lastalliance-men.jpg|250px|left|thumb|Dúnedain attack in Peter Jackson's ''Fellowship of the Ring'']]It was during this time that the great watchtower at [[Amon Sûl]] was built and manned. In 3431, this combined host rested at the Elven outpost of Rivendell, where they took counsel with [[Elrond|Lord Elrond]], who was Gil-galad's herald, and acted as his second-in-command in the coming campaign. After crossing the Misty Mountains, they were joined by Dwarves from [[Khazad-dûm]]. Elves from [[Greenwood the Great]], led by [[Oropher]] and his son [[Thranduil]], and Lothlorien Elves under [[Amdir]]. As this host proceeded down the [[Anduin]], they marched through desolate areas that had once been the [[Entwives|Entwives']] gardens. They, and probably the Entwives themselves, had been destroyed by [[Sauron]] to deprive Last Alliance forces of supplies.2

== The [[Battle of Dagorlad]] ==

[[Image:Elrond8.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Elrond]] leads the Elven forces]]

On the great plain near the [[Black Gate]], the forces of the Last Alliance at last confronted the black legions of Mordor. Some border units from Gondor joined the army as it gathered on the battlefield, but one group of Men proved faithless. These were the Men of White Mountains, who dishonored their oath to Isildur to battle Sauron at his side. In response, Isildur cursed them to wander the Paths of the Dead until their oath was fulfilled-- which it was only 3,000 years later under King Elessar of Reunited Kingdom.

During preliminary skirmishing, [[Oropher]] and his Elves charged forward into the numerous Orc forces and suffered heavy casualties, including Oropher himself. Amdir and his forces also were forced away from the main battle into the marshes just to the south, where he also fell along with half of his troops. This area became known afterwards as the [[Dead Marshes]], because of the thousands of bodies buried there. Sauron had many Men fighting for him, including legions of [[Haradrim]] led by [[Herumor (Black Númenórean)|Herumor]] and [[Fuinur]], [[Black Númenóreans]] who worshiped Sauron before the Downfall of Númenor.2

The great battle proceeded like this:

# The Elven host and Númenóreans led by Gil-galad and Elendil meet up with Anárion's Dúnedain of Gondor on the Dagorlad Plain.
# They advance across the Plain toward the Black Gate.
# A vast horde of Orcs, hundreds of thousands strong, emerges from the Gate and seethes toward the combined host of the Last Alliance. Battle commences.
# After many weeks of hard fighting, the superior might and discipline of the Alliance drive the Orcs through the gate.
# Many more of the retreating Orcs are slain, and they are driven up against Mount Doom itself.
# Continuous volleys of arrows from the protected rear ranks of the Alliance take their toll upon the Orcs. Victory is at hand.3

This battle raged for days and nights continuously. But the Númenóreans were tall and strong, and the High Elves still a mighty people. Slowly they whittled down the vast numbers of Orcs and pushed them back towards the [[Black Gate]].

== The [[Siege of Barad-dûr]] ==

The forces of the Last Alliance had forced their way through the Black Gate into Mordor itself. Victory seemed close, but no power short of the Valar could breach the [[Dark Tower]] by force. The siege went on year after year, from [[Second Age 3434|S.A 3434]] to [[Second Age 3441|S.A. 3441]]. Isildur's sons, [[Aratan]] and [[Ciryon]], were detached and sent to Cirith Ungol to guard against a breakout to the southwest, but his oldest son, Elendur served by his side till the end. Over these years there many skirmishes between Sauron and the besieging forces. [[Anárion]] was killed in [[Second Age 3440|S.A. 3440]] by a projectile thrown from the tower.
[[image:Isildur_ring.jpg|thumb|250px|Isildur seizes the [[One Ring]]]]

Now the final stage of the struggle began, as the Dark Lord came out onto the field. [[Sauron]] emerged from his tower and took the offensive. He advanced to the core of the Alliance to do battle with the Last Alliance commanders, on the plain of Gorgoroth. This was one of the great showdowns of all Middle Earth history-- Sauron with his mighty mace versus [[Elendil]] with his great sword [[Narsil]] and Gil-galad wielding the legendary spear [[Aiglos]]. Swinging his mace, he cut through the kings' bodyguard. Gil-galad and Elendil then attacked the Dark Lord, but in the fight all three were struck down and Elendil and Gil-galad were slain. Elendil's heir Isildur rushed to his side to take up the royal sword, but as [[Elendil]] fell down on it, he shattered the great blade into three pieces. As Sauron reached to seize [[Isildur]] as well, the heir swung the sword hilt-shard and cut the One Ring from Sauron's hand. Without his connection to the Ring, Sauron's spirit fled and vanished. The armies of Mordor were left dispirited and leaderless, and were soon routed and destroyed by the Alliance forces.4

== The Aftermath of the War ==

The Alliance pursued the Orcs, who were then in disarray, and killed them all. The Barad-dûr was leveled but its foundations remained behind. The thousands of dead Men and Elves were taken out of Mordor and buried in the Dagorlad Plain.
[[Image:Elrond25.jpg|thumb|250px|Elrond leads the way to the [[Crack of Doom]]]]
While he had captured the [[One Ring]], Isildur refused Elrond and Círdan's entreaties that he destroy it by casting it into the [[Crack of Doom]]. The result of this was that while [[Sauron]] was defeated and cast down, his spirit was not destroyed. He hid himself in the dark lands east of Mordor, and slowly rebuilt his power. The Nine ([[Nazgûl]]) also bided their time for the day when he would rise again. The survivors of the Men who served him returned home and continued to trouble Gondor for much of the Third Age. These Men eventually grew to become such invaders as the [[Balchoth]] and the [[Wainriders]].

While the Orc armies of Sauron had been well nigh destroyed in the War, scattered groups of them survived. In the Last Alliance, the casualties had been heavy. [[Elendil]] and [[Anárion]] were gone, and [[Gil-galad]], last [[High King of the Noldor]], was no more. [[Arnor]] took grievous losses, and suffered from a decline in population. It never really recovered as a major power, and broke into three pieces some centuries later. [[Gondor]] suffered less heavily, but also experienced civil strife in the Third Age. [[Isildur]], the new [[Kings of Arnor|High King of Arnor]], perished only two years later in the [[Disaster of the Gladden Fields]], along with his three older sons. They were ambushed by an Orc task force operating near the River Anduin. Much was lost, but [[Sauron]] was suppressed-- for a while.

==See also==

* '''[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]''' (political information)

== References ==

# ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age]]"
# ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age]]"
# ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Weapons and Warfare]]''
# ''[[The Return of the King]]''
# ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age]]"

[[Category:Second Age]]
[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]
[[Category:Sieges]]
[[Category:Wars and Battles]]

War of the Elves and Sauron

2009-05-22T02:22:22Z

Ebakunin:

{{expansion}}

{{War
|previous=[[Wars of Beleriand]]
|next=[[War of the Last Alliance]]
|image=[[Image:Eregion-map.gif]]
|name=War of the Elves and Sauron
|begin=1693 SA
|end=1701 SA
|place=Eriador
|result=Sauron is defeated and is driven from Eriador
|battles=[[Sack of Eregion]], [[First Siege of Imladris]], and [[The Battle of the Gwathló]]
|side1=Noldor and Sindarin Elves, Numenóreans, and Dwarves of Durin's folk
|side2=Orcs, Evil Men, and other creatures of Sauron
|commanders1=
{{Gil-galad blazon}}
*[[Celebrimbor]] †
*[[Elrond]]
*[[Ciryatur]]
*[[Durin III]]
|commanders2=
{{Sauron blazon}}
}}
The '''War of the Elves and Sauron''' was a great war fought in the [[Second Age]].

== The War Begins ==
For many years the [[Númenóreans]] brought their ships into Lindon, and they were welcomed. But when [[Gil-galad]] began to fear that Sauron would bring open war into Eriador, he sent messages to [[Númenor]]; and on the shores of Lindon the Númenóreans began to build up a force and supplies for war. When Sauron invaded Eriador in 1695, Gil-galad called Númenor for aid. Then King [[Tar-Minastir]] sent out a great navy; but it was delayed, and did not reach the coasts until the year 1700.

[[Image:Angus_McBride_-_Celebrimbor.gif|left|thumb|''Celebrimbor'' by Angus McBride.]]

By that time all of Eriador fell under Sauron's control, save only besieged [[Imladris]] (Rivendell), and he reached the line of the river [[Lhûn]]. [[Celebrimbor]] was captured when Ost-in-Edhil fell, and was then later executed by Sauron. He had sent for more forces, which were coming from the south-east, and were in [[Enedwaith]] at the crossing of [[Tharbad]], which was only lightly held. Gil-galad and the Númenóreans were holding the Lhûn in a desperate attempt to defend the [[Grey Havens]], when finally the great army of [[Tar-Minastir]] arrived; and Sauron's host was heavily driven back. The fleets' admiral [[Ciryatur]] sent part of his ships to make a landing farther south.

[[Sauron]] was driven away south-east after a great slaughter at [[Sarn Ford]]; and though strengthened by his force at Tharbad he suddenly found a host of Númenóreans to his rear, for Ciryatur's detachment of ships landed at the mouth of the [[Gwathló]], where there was the small harbor of [[Lond Daer| Vinyalondë]].

== [[The Battle of the Gwathló]] ==
In this battle Sauron was utterly routed and narrowly escaped himself. The remnants of his army were assailed in eastern [[Calenardhon]], and with only a bodyguard he fled to what was later called [[Dagorlad]], where broken and humiliated he returned to Mordor, and vowed vengeance against Númenór. The host that was besieging Imladris was caught between [[Elrond]] and [[Gil-galad]], and totally destroyed. [[Eriador]] was cleansed of enemies but lay largely in ruins.

== References ==
* ''[[The Return of the King]]'', "''The Tale of Years (Appendix B)''"

[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]
[[Category:Wars and Battles]]

War of the Ring

2009-05-22T02:09:40Z

Ebakunin:

{{disambig-more|War of the Ring|[[War of the Ring (disambiguation)]]}}{{sources}}
{{expansion}}

{{War
| previous= [[Corsair Wars]]
| next=Unknown
| name=War of the Ring
| image=[[Image:Third Age.gif|250px]]
| begin=[[Third Age 3018|T.A. 3018]] (earlier fighting in Gondor)
| end=[[Third Age 3019|T.A. 3019]]
|place=Northwestern [[Middle-earth]]
|result=Free Peoples' victory; destruction of the [[One Ring]], [[Sauron]] and [[Mordor]]; start of the [[Fourth Age]]; [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]] reunited under restoration of the [[King of Gondor]]
| battles=[[Battles of the Fords of Isen]], [[Battle of Isengard]], [[Battle of the Hornburg]], [[Battle of Osgiliath]], [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]], [[Battle of the Morannon]], [[Battle Under Trees]]
|side1='''Free Peoples of Middle-earth:''' [[Gondor]], [[Rohan]], [[Dale]], [[Esgaroth]], [[Erebor]], [[The Shire]], [[Lothlórien]], [[Woodland Realm]]
|side2='''Under [[Sauron]]:''' [[Mordor]], [[Rhûn]], [[Harad]], [[Haven of Umbar]], and [[Khand]] '''Under [[Saruman]]:''' [[Isengard]] and [[Dunland]]
|commanders1=
[[Image:Aragorn_device.jpg|45px|left]] [[Aragorn II|Aragorn]]{{clear}}
[[Image:Aragorn_device.jpg|45px|left]] [[Denethor II|Denethor]] †{{clear}}
* [[Gandalf]] † (but resurrected)
[[Image:ME-Rohan.png|45px|left]] [[Théoden]] †{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-Rohan.png|45px|left]] [[Éomer]]{{clear}}
[[Image:ME-DolAmroth.png|45px|left]] [[Imrahil]]{{clear}}
* [[Dáin II Ironfoot|Dáin Ironfoot]] †
* [[Brand]] †
* [[Thranduil]]
* [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]]
|commanders2=
{{Sauron blazon|died}}{{clear}}
[[Image:Saruman_device.gif|45px|left]] [[Saruman]] †{{clear}}
* [[Witch-King of Angmar|The Witch-King of Angmar]] †
|}}

{{quote|In the end, this war must be ended by the smallest of things.|[[Gandalf]]<ref>''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)]]'', "Helm's Deep"</ref>}}

The '''War of the Ring''' was the great conflict at the end of the [[Third Age]], named for the [[One Ring]] and the importance this had in the final outcome. The war was fought between the Free Peoples (a loose alliance of [[Elves]] and [[Men]] led by the Wise) and [[Sauron]] the [[Dark Lord]] of Mordor, with [[Saruman]] as a third power based in [[Orthanc]]. Sauron had been defeated in the [[War of the Last Alliance]], but because of Isildur's refusal to destroy the [[One Ring]], he was not entirely vanquished. He survived in spirit form, and the foundations of Barad-dûr were also not destroyed. While Sauron's spirit wandered the wastelands of Middle-earth for over 1000 years, eventually he rebuilt his power and became a threat once again.

==History==
=== Prelude ===
Years before the War, while Sauron was known as the "[[Necromancer]]" and abode in [[Dol Guldur]], [[Gandalf]] knew that should Sauron return, he would use the power of the [[Smaug]], the last [[dragon]], who dwelt in [[Erebor]]. Gandalf persuaded [[Thorin Oakenshield]] that he should reclaim Erebor for his people. With the assistance of [[Bilbo Baggins]], Erebor was retaken and Smaug was finally killed by [[Bard]]. Most importantly, fate brought the [[One Ring]] into Bilbo's hands.

=== The Opening Stages ===
Saruman had claimed alliance with both the Wise and the Dark Lord, but was ultimately fighting for his own ends. In alliance with the [[Dunlendings]], and having Orcs at his own command, his objective was the defeat of [[Rohan]]. Until late in the War, he held the advantage, defeating Rohan twice at the [[Battles of the Fords of Isen]] which are considered the beginning of the War.
[[Image:Darrell Sweet - The Fleet of Harad.jpg|left|thumb|''The Fleet of Harad'' by Darrell Sweet]]
Sauron at all times held the military advantage in the War, due to his overwhelming forces; not only [[Orcs]] and [[Trolls]], but [[Men of Harad]] and the [[East]]. His main immediate object was the overthrow of [[Gondor]], his near neighbour and the strongest of his enemies. He had such forces at his command, though, that he was able to fight the war on many fronts, also attacking [[Dale]], [[Erebor]] and the [[Wood-elves]] in the far north, and [[Lórien]] from his secondary stronghold at [[Dol Guldur]]. There can be no doubt that, had the Wise not achieved possession of the Ring, Sauron would ultimately have been victorious.

The policy of the Wise was based around the [[Quest of Mount Doom]]; a company of nine under the leadership of [[Gandalf]] travelled from [[Rivendell]] with the [[One Ring]], with the hope of reaching [[Orodruin]] in [[Mordor]] and there destroying it. Because the Ring held much of Sauron's native power, they realised that in unmaking it, they would also defeat its creator.

Aragorn, after enlisting the help of [[Army of the Dead]], attacked the Corsair fleet at Umbar, an assault he had also carried out decades earlier, during the [[Surprise Attack on Umbar]].

The War did not end with the defeat of Sauron, for Saruman fled northward after the capture of Orthanc, and established himself in the Shire, bending the Hobbits to his will by threat of violence and the persuasive power of his voice. The return of Frodo Baggins and his companions led to a rebellion by the [[Shire-hobbits]], in which Saruman was killed by his servant, [[Gríma Wormtongue]].

=== Aftermath ===
Although Sauron and Saruman were both defeated, the Wise did not achieve total victory. With the destruction of the One Ring, the Three Rings that had maintained the realms of the Elves in Middle-earth lost their power, and the Elves began to leave Middle-earth for the [[Undying Lands]].

==Combatants==

===Sauron and his Allies===

*[[Mordor]]
**[[Sauron]] †
**[[Mouth of Sauron]] †
**[[Nazgûl]] †
*[[Orthanc]]
**[[Saruman]] †
**[[Gríma Wormtongue]] †
*[[Harad]]
**[[Black Serpent]] †
*[[Rhûn]]
*[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]

===Free Peoples of Middle-earth===

*[[Gondor]]
**[[Dol Amroth]]
***[[Imrahil]]
**[[Lebennin]]
**[[Lossarnach]]
***[[Forlong]] the Fat †
**[[Ringló Vale]]
***[[Dervorin]] †
**[[Morthond]]
***[[Duinhir]]
***[[Duilin of Blackroot Vale|Duilin]] †
***[[Derufin]] †
**[[Anfalas]]
***[[Golasgil]]
**[[Lamedon]]
***[[Angbor the Fearless]]
**Shipmen of [[Ethir Anduin]]
**[[Pinnath Gelin]]
***[[Hirluin]] the Fair †
**[[White Mountains]]
***[[Dead Men]]
**[[Minas Tirith]]
***[[Denethor II]] †
***[[Boromir son of Denethor II|Boromir]] †
***[[Faramir son of Denethor II|Faramir]]
***[[Húrin the Tall]]
*[[Rohan]]
**[[Théoden]] †
**[[Théodred]] †
**[[Éomer]]
**[[Erkenbrand]]
**[[Elfhelm]]
**[[Grimbold]] †
*[[Mirkwood]]
**[[Thranduil]]
**[[Legolas of Mirkwood|Legolas]]
*[[Lothlórien]]
**[[Celeborn (Lord of Lórien)|Celeborn]]
**[[Galadriel]]
*The [[Shire]] and [[Bree-land]]
**[[Hobbiton]]
***[[Frodo Baggins]]
***[[Sam Gamgee]]
**[[Tookland]]
***[[Peregrin Took]]
**[[Buckland]] and [[Bree]]
***[[Meriadoc Brandybuck]]
***[[Aragorn II]]
*[[Fangorn Forest]]
**[[Treebeard]]
**[[Quickbeam]]
*[[Istari]]
**[[Gandalf]]
*[[Erebor]] and the Lands of the North
**The [[Lonely Mountain]]
***[[Gimli]]
***[[Dain II Ironfoot]] †
***[[Thorin III Stonehelm]]
**The [[Kingdom of Dale]]
***[[Brand]] †
***[[Bard II]]
* Possibly the [[Iron Hills]]

==Non-combatants==

*[[Elvendom]]
**[[Rivendell]]
***[[Elrond]]
***[[Glorfindel]]
**[[Grey Havens]]
***[[Círdan]]
***[[Galdor of the Havens]]
*[[Istari]]
**[[Radagast]]

{{references}}
[[Category:Conflicts of the Third Age]]

War of the Elves and Sauron

2009-05-22T01:58:47Z

Ebakunin:

{{expansion}}

{{War
|previous=[[Wars of Beleriand]]
|next=[[War of the Last Alliance]]
|image=[[Image:Eregion-map.gif]]
|name=War of the Elves and Sauron
|begin=1693 SA
|end=1701 SA
|place=Eriador
|result=Sauron is defeated and is driven from Eriador
|battles=[[Sack of Eregion]], [[First Siege of Imladris]], and [[The Battle of the Gwathló]]
|side1=Noldor and Sindarin Elves, Numenóreans, and Dwarves of Durin's folk
|side2=Orcs, Evil Men, and other creatures of Sauron
|commanders1={{Gil-galad blazon}}
*[[Celebrimbor]] †
*[[Elrond]]
*[[Ciryatur]]
*[[Durin III]]
|commanders2=[[Image:Sauron_cold_eye_icon.jpg]] [[Sauron]]
}}
The '''War of the Elves and Sauron''' was a great war fought in the [[Second Age]].

== The War Begins ==
For many years the [[Númenóreans]] brought their ships into Lindon, and they were welcomed. But when [[Gil-galad]] began to fear that Sauron would bring open war into Eriador, he sent messages to [[Númenor]]; and on the shores of Lindon the Númenóreans began to build up a force and supplies for war. When Sauron invaded Eriador in 1695, Gil-galad called Númenor for aid. Then King [[Tar-Minastir]] sent out a great navy; but it was delayed, and did not reach the coasts until the year 1700.

[[Image:Angus_McBride_-_Celebrimbor.gif|left|thumb|''Celebrimbor'' by Angus McBride.]]

By that time all of Eriador fell under Sauron's control, save only besieged [[Imladris]] (Rivendell), and he reached the line of the river [[Lhûn]]. [[Celebrimbor]] was captured when Ost-in-Edhil fell, and was then later executed by Sauron. He had sent for more forces, which were coming from the south-east, and were in [[Enedwaith]] at the crossing of [[Tharbad]], which was only lightly held. Gil-galad and the Númenóreans were holding the Lhûn in a desperate attempt to defend the [[Grey Havens]], when finally the great army of [[Tar-Minastir]] arrived; and Sauron's host was heavily driven back. The fleets' admiral [[Ciryatur]] sent part of his ships to make a landing farther south.

[[Sauron]] was driven away south-east after a great slaughter at [[Sarn Ford]]; and though strengthened by his force at Tharbad he suddenly found a host of Númenóreans to his rear, for Ciryatur's detachment of ships landed at the mouth of the [[Gwathló]], where there was the small harbor of [[Lond Daer| Vinyalondë]].

== [[The Battle of the Gwathló]] ==
In this battle Sauron was utterly routed and narrowly escaped himself. The remnants of his army were assailed in eastern [[Calenardhon]], and with only a bodyguard he fled to what was later called [[Dagorlad]], where broken and humiliated he returned to Mordor, and vowed vengeance against Númenór. The host that was besieging Imladris was caught between [[Elrond]] and [[Gil-galad]], and totally destroyed. [[Eriador]] was cleansed of enemies but lay largely in ruins.

== References ==
* ''[[The Return of the King]]'', "''The Tale of Years (Appendix B)''"

[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]
[[Category:Wars and Battles]]

Second Kinslaying

2009-05-21T01:59:36Z

Ebakunin:

{{cleanup}}
{{battle
| image= [[Image:Jenny Dolfen - The death of Curufin.jpg|350px]]
| name= Sack of Doriath (Second Kinslaying)
| conflict= Pre-[[War of Wrath]]; result of the [[Oath of Fëanor]]
| date= [[First Age 506|F.A. 506]]
| result= Final destruction of the Kingdom of [[Doriath]]
| place= [[Menegroth]]
| side1= *The People of Doriath
| side2= *The [[Sons of Fëanor]] and their followers
| commanders1= *[[Dior Eluchíl]] †
| commanders2= {{Maedhros blazon}}
| forces1= *Unknown
| forces2= *Unknown
| casual1= *Dior Eluchíl
*Dior's wife [[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth]] and his sons [[Eluréd]] and [[Elurín]]
*Unknown number of elves of Doriath; almost all of them
| casual2= *[[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]]
*Unknown number of their followers
|}}

The '''Sack of Doriath''' was the second [[Kinslaying]], occurring when the [[Sons of Fëanor|Sons]] of [[Fëanor]] attacked [[Doriath]], seeking the [[Silmaril]] taken there after the death of [[Beren Erchamion|Beren]] and [[Lúthien]]. King [[Dior Eluchíl|Dior]] of Doriath was slain there, as well as [[Celegorm]], [[Curufin]], and [[Caranthir]]. But Dior's daughter [[Elwing]] managed to escape down to the [[Mouths of Sirion]] along with the survivors of Doriath .

===Events leading up to the Battle===
When news of the attack on Doriath by the Dwarves of [[Nogrod]] reached Beren in [[Tol Galen]], he along with the [[Green Elves]] of [[Ossiriand]] waylaid the Dwarves near [[Sarn Athrad]] and Beren himself slew their king and recovered the [[Nauglamír]] which the Dwarves had stolen. And he was amazed by what he saw for in it was set the [[Silmaril]] which he himself had cut from [[Morgoth]]'s crown. The Nauglamír was then worn by [[Lúthien]].

Then Dior Thingol's heir bade farewell to Beren and Lúthien and came to [[Menegroth]] along with his wife [[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth]] and his children [[Eluréd]], [[Elurín]] and [[Elwing]]. The Elves of Doriath received them with joy. There Dior took up the title of King of Doriath and for a while the glory of the kingdom of Doriath recovered.

Then on a night in autumn, an elf came to Menegroth. He was the lord of the green Elves of Ossiriand. He gave to Dior a coffer, and in it was the Nauglamír wherein was set the Silmaril. Dior looking upon it knew it for a sign that Beren and Lúthien had died. Then Dior arose and clasped the Nauglamír about his neck.

When news about these events reached the Sons of Fëanor, their oath was waked again from sleep. For when Lúthien wore the [[Necklace of the Dwarves]] no Elf would dare to assail her. But now it seemed to the [[Sons of Fëanor]] that they could recover the Silmaril. So they sent messages to Dior stating their claim on the Silmaril. But Dior returned no answer, and Celegorm stirred up his brothers to prepare an assault on Doriath.

===The Battle===
The Sons of Fëanor along with their followers came at unawares in the middle of winter and fought with Dior in the [[Thousand Caves]]. And so occurred the second slaying of Elf by Elf. There fell Celegorm by Dior's hand, and there fell Curufin, and dark Caranthir. But Dior was also slain along with his wife Nimloth. And the cruel servants of Celegorm seized his young sons Eluréd and Elurín and left them to starve in the forest. Of this Maedhros repented, and sought for them long in the forest, but his search was unavailing, and the fate of Dior's sons is not known.

Thus Doriath was destroyed and never rose again. But the Sons of Fëanor gained not what they sought. For a remnant of the people fled before them, and with them was Elwing Dior's daughter, and they escaped, and bearing with them the Silmaril came to the Mouths of the river Sirion by the sea.

==See Also==
*[[Battle of the Thousand Caves]]

[[Category:Conflicts of the First Age]]

Second Kinslaying

2009-05-21T01:57:31Z

Ebakunin:

{{cleanup}}
{{battle
| image= [[Image:Jenny Dolfen - The death of Curufin.jpg|350px]]
| name= Sack of Doriath (Second Kinslaying)
| conflict= Pre-[[War of Wrath]]; result of the [[Oath of Fëanor]]
| date= [[First Age 506|F.A. 506]]
| result= Final destruction of the Kingdom of [[Doriath]]
| place= [[Menegroth]]
| side1= *The People of Doriath
| side2= *The [[Sons of Fëanor]] and their followers
| commanders1= *[[Dior Eluchíl]] †
| commanders2= {{Maedhros blazon}}
| forces1= *Unknown
| forces2= *Unknown
| casual1= *Dior
*Dior's wife [[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth]] and his sons [[Eluréd]] and [[Elurín]]
*Unknown number of elves of Doriath; almost all of them
| casual2= *[[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]]
*Unknown number of their followers
|}}

The '''Sack of Doriath''' was the second [[Kinslaying]], occurring when the [[Sons of Fëanor|Sons]] of [[Fëanor]] attacked [[Doriath]], seeking the [[Silmaril]] taken there after the death of [[Beren Erchamion|Beren]] and [[Lúthien]]. King [[Dior]] of Doriath was slain there, as well as [[Celegorm]], [[Curufin]], and [[Caranthir]]. But Dior's daughter [[Elwing]] managed to escape down to the [[Mouths of Sirion]] along with the survivors of Doriath .

===Events leading up to the Battle===
When news of the attack on Doriath by the Dwarves of [[Nogrod]] reached Beren in [[Tol Galen]], he along with the [[Green Elves]] of [[Ossiriand]] waylaid the Dwarves near [[Sarn Athrad]] and Beren himself slew their king and recovered the [[Nauglamír]] which the Dwarves had stolen. And he was amazed by what he saw for in it was set the [[Silmaril]] which he himself had cut from [[Morgoth]]'s crown. The Nauglamír was then worn by [[Lúthien]].

Then Dior Thingol's heir bade farewell to Beren and Lúthien and came to [[Menegroth]] along with his wife [[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth]] and his children [[Eluréd]], [[Elurín]] and [[Elwing]]. The Elves of Doriath received them with joy. There Dior took up the title of King of Doriath and for a while the glory of the kingdom of Doriath recovered.

Then on a night in autumn, an elf came to Menegroth. He was the lord of the green Elves of Ossiriand. He gave to Dior a coffer, and in it was the Nauglamír wherein was set the Silmaril. Dior looking upon it knew it for a sign that Beren and Lúthien had died. Then Dior arose and clasped the Nauglamír about his neck.

When news about these events reached the Sons of Fëanor, their oath was waked again from sleep. For when Lúthien wore the [[Necklace of the Dwarves]] no Elf would dare to assail her. But now it seemed to the [[Sons of Fëanor]] that they could recover the Silmaril. So they sent messages to Dior stating their claim on the Silmaril. But Dior returned no answer, and Celegorm stirred up his brothers to prepare an assault on Doriath.

===The Battle===
The Sons of Fëanor along with their followers came at unawares in the middle of winter and fought with Dior in the [[Thousand Caves]]. And so occurred the second slaying of Elf by Elf. There fell Celegorm by Dior's hand, and there fell Curufin, and dark Caranthir. But Dior was also slain along with his wife Nimloth. And the cruel servants of Celegorm seized his young sons Eluréd and Elurín and left them to starve in the forest. Of this Maedhros repented, and sought for them long in the forest, but his search was unavailing, and the fate of Dior's sons is not known.

Thus Doriath was destroyed and never rose again. But the Sons of Fëanor gained not what they sought. For a remnant of the people fled before them, and with them was Elwing Dior's daughter, and they escaped, and bearing with them the Silmaril came to the Mouths of the river Sirion by the sea.

==See Also==
*[[Battle of the Thousand Caves]]

[[Category:Conflicts of the First Age]]

Second Kinslaying

2009-05-21T01:55:12Z

Ebakunin:

{{cleanup}}
{{battle
| image= [[Image:Jenny Dolfen - The death of Curufin.jpg|350px]]
| name= Sack of Doriath (Second Kinslaying)
| conflict= Pre-[[War of Wrath]]; result of the [[Oath of Fëanor]]
| date= [[First Age 506|F.A. 506]]
| result= Final destruction of the Kingdom of [[Doriath]]
| place= [[Menegroth]]
| side1= *The People of Doriath
| side2= *The [[Sons of Fëanor]] and their followers
| commanders1= *[[Dior Eluchíl]] †
| commanders2= {{Maedhros blazon}}
| forces1= *Unknown
| forces2= *Unknown
| casual1= *Dior
*Dior's wife [[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth]] and his sons [[Eluréd]] and [[Elurín]]
*Unknown number of elves of Doriath; almost all of them
| casual2= *[[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]]
*Unknown number of their followers
|}}

The '''Sack of Doriath''' was the second [[Kinslaying]], occurring when the [[Sons of Fëanor|Sons]] of [[Fëanor]] attacked [[Doriath]], seeking the [[Silmaril]] taken there after the death of [[Beren Erchamion|Beren]] and [[Lúthien]]. King [[Dior]] of Doriath was slain there, as well as [[Celegorm]], [[Curufin]], and [[Caranthir]]. But Dior's daughter [[Elwing]] managed to escape down to the [[Mouths of Sirion]] along with the survivors of Doriath .

===Events leading up to the Battle===
When news of the attack on Doriath by the Dwarves of [[Nogrod]] reached Beren in [[Tol Galen]], he along with the [[Green Elves]] of [[Ossiriand]] waylaid the Dwarves near [[Sarn Athrad]] and Beren himself slew their king and recovered the [[Nauglamír]] which the Dwarves had stolen. And he was amazed by what he saw for in it was set the [[Silmaril]] which he himself had cut from [[Morgoth]]'s crown. The Nauglamír was then worn by [[Lúthien]].

Then Dior Thingol's heir bade farewell to Beren and Lúthien and came to [[Menegroth]] along with his wife [[Nimloth]] and his children [[Eluréd]], [[Elurín]] and [[Elwing]]. The Elves of Doriath received them with joy. There Dior took up the title of King of Doriath and for a while the glory of the kingdom of Doriath recovered.

Then on a night in autumn, an elf came to Menegroth. He was the lord of the green Elves of Ossiriand. He gave to Dior a coffer, and in it was the Nauglamír wherein was set the Silmaril. Dior looking upon it knew it for a sign that Beren and Lúthien had died. Then Dior arose and clasped the Nauglamír about his neck.

When news about these events reached the Sons of Fëanor, their oath was waked again from sleep. For when Lúthien wore the [[Necklace of the Dwarves]] no Elf would dare to assail her. But now it seemed to the [[Sons of Fëanor]] that they could recover the Silmaril. So they sent messages to Dior stating their claim on the Silmaril. But Dior returned no answer, and Celegorm stirred up his brothers to prepare an assault on Doriath.

===The Battle===
The Sons of Fëanor along with their followers came at unawares in the middle of winter and fought with Dior in the [[Thousand Caves]]. And so occurred the second slaying of Elf by Elf. There fell Celegorm by Dior's hand, and there fell Curufin, and dark Caranthir. But Dior was also slain along with his wife Nimloth. And the cruel servants of Celegorm seized his young sons Eluréd and Elurín and left them to starve in the forest. Of this Maedhros repented, and sought for them long in the forest, but his search was unavailing, and the fate of Dior's sons is not known.

Thus Doriath was destroyed and never rose again. But the Sons of Fëanor gained not what they sought. For a remnant of the people fled before them, and with them was Elwing Dior's daughter, and they escaped, and bearing with them the Silmaril came to the Mouths of the river Sirion by the sea.

==See Also==
*[[Battle of the Thousand Caves]]

[[Category:Conflicts of the First Age]]

Second Kinslaying

2009-05-21T01:42:47Z

Ebakunin:

{{cleanup}}
{{battle
| image= [[Image:Jenny Dolfen - The death of Curufin.jpg|350px]]
| name= Sack of Doriath (Second Kinslaying)
| conflict= Pre-[[War of Wrath]]; result of the [[Oath of Fëanor]]
| date= [[First Age 506|F.A. 506]]
| result= Final destruction of the Kingdom of [[Doriath]]
| place= [[Menegroth]]
| side1= *The People of Doriath
| side2= *The [[Sons of Fëanor]] and their followers
| commanders1= *[[Dior Eluchíl]] †
| commanders2= {{Maedhros blazon}}
| forces1= *Unknown
| forces2= *Unknown
| casual1= *Dior
*Dior's wife [[Nimloth]] and his sons [[Eluréd]] and [[Elurín]]
*Unknown number of elves of Doriath; almost all of them
| casual2= *[[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]]
*Unknown number of their followers
|}}

The '''Sack of Doriath''' was the second [[Kinslaying]], occurring when the [[Sons of Fëanor|Sons]] of [[Fëanor]] attacked [[Doriath]], seeking the [[Silmaril]] taken there after the death of [[Beren Erchamion|Beren]] and [[Lúthien]]. King [[Dior]] of Doriath was slain there, as well as [[Celegorm]], [[Curufin]], and [[Caranthir]]. But Dior's daughter [[Elwing]] managed to escape down to the [[Mouths of Sirion]] along with the survivors of Doriath .

===Events leading up to the Battle===
When news of the attack on Doriath by the Dwarves of [[Nogrod]] reached Beren in [[Tol Galen]], he along with the [[Green Elves]] of [[Ossiriand]] waylaid the Dwarves near [[Sarn Athrad]] and Beren himself slew their king and recovered the [[Nauglamír]] which the Dwarves had stolen. And he was amazed by what he saw for in it was set the [[Silmaril]] which he himself had cut from [[Morgoth]]'s crown. The Nauglamír was then worn by [[Lúthien]].

Then Dior Thingol's heir bade farewell to Beren and Lúthien and came to [[Menegroth]] along with his wife [[Nimloth]] and his children [[Eluréd]], [[Elurín]] and [[Elwing]]. The Elves of Doriath received them with joy. There Dior took up the title of King of Doriath and for a while the glory of the kingdom of Doriath recovered.

Then on a night in autumn, an elf came to Menegroth. He was the lord of the green Elves of Ossiriand. He gave to Dior a coffer, and in it was the Nauglamír wherein was set the Silmaril. Dior looking upon it knew it for a sign that Beren and Lúthien had died. Then Dior arose and clasped the Nauglamír about his neck.

When news about these events reached the Sons of Fëanor, their oath was waked again from sleep. For when Lúthien wore the [[Necklace of the Dwarves]] no Elf would dare to assail her. But now it seemed to the [[Sons of Fëanor]] that they could recover the Silmaril. So they sent messages to Dior stating their claim on the Silmaril. But Dior returned no answer, and Celegorm stirred up his brothers to prepare an assault on Doriath.

===The Battle===
The Sons of Fëanor along with their followers came at unawares in the middle of winter and fought with Dior in the [[Thousand Caves]]. And so occurred the second slaying of Elf by Elf. There fell Celegorm by Dior's hand, and there fell Curufin, and dark Caranthir. But Dior was also slain along with his wife Nimloth. And the cruel servants of Celegorm seized his young sons Eluréd and Elurín and left them to starve in the forest. Of this Maedhros repented, and sought for them long in the forest, but his search was unavailing, and the fate of Dior's sons is not known.

Thus Doriath was destroyed and never rose again. But the Sons of Fëanor gained not what they sought. For a remnant of the people fled before them, and with them was Elwing Dior's daughter, and they escaped, and bearing with them the Silmaril came to the Mouths of the river Sirion by the sea.

==See Also==
*[[Battle of the Thousand Caves]]

[[Category:Conflicts of the First Age]]