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	<title>Tolkien Gateway - User contributions [en]</title>
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	<updated>2026-06-04T15:01:51Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Westmarch_(disambiguation)&amp;diff=339411</id>
		<title>Westmarch (disambiguation)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Westmarch_(disambiguation)&amp;diff=339411"/>
		<updated>2021-12-20T19:34:57Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hlingler: /* See also */ Added internal link.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Westmarch&#039;&#039;&#039; can refer to:&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Westmarch|Westmarch of the Shire]], land added to [[the Shire]] in {{SR|1452}}.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Warden of Westmarch]], a hereditary position held by the [[Fairbairn Family]].&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Red Book of Westmarch]], the basis for &#039;&#039;[[The Hobbit]]&#039;&#039; and the &#039;&#039;[[Lord of the Rings]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[West-march]] of [[Rohan]], including a wedge of land between the rivers [[Adorn]] and the [[Isen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[West-mark]], the military division of Rohan, covering the lands west of [[Entwash]] and [[Snowbourn]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{disambig}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hlingler</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=User:Hlingler&amp;diff=337701</id>
		<title>User:Hlingler</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=User:Hlingler&amp;diff=337701"/>
		<updated>2021-10-25T08:09:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hlingler: New page.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{user infobox| image=| name=Hlingler| othernames=| position=| language=English, read/write Spanish| location=United States of America| occupation=| birth=| birthlocation=| age=| gender=Male| height=| hair=| eyes=| irc=| email=| facebook=| twitter=| linkedin=| website=[http://hlingler.com Hlingler Halfhlund&#039;s Hut]| userboxes={{User USA}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{User en-N}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{user ref}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{user 1y}}&lt;br /&gt;
|userboxheight=200px&lt;br /&gt;
|noscroll=true&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hlingler</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Ambarkanta_maps&amp;diff=335931</id>
		<title>Ambarkanta maps</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Ambarkanta_maps&amp;diff=335931"/>
		<updated>2021-10-06T17:57:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hlingler: Correction.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;Ambarkanta&#039;&#039; maps&#039;&#039;&#039; refer to a set of five maps and diagrams drawn by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] and associated with his work &amp;quot;[[Ambarkanta|&#039;&#039;Ambarkanta&#039;&#039;: The Shape of the World]]&amp;quot; (a text attributed to [[Rúmil (elf of Tirion)|Rúmil]]). The maps were reproduced in &#039;&#039;[[The Shaping of Middle-earth]]&#039;&#039; ([[1986]]).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Diagram I===&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Ambarkanta Map I.jpg|thumb|Diagram I]]&lt;br /&gt;
Diagram I of the &#039;&#039;Ambarkanta&#039;&#039; maps details the shape of Arda before the [[Changing of the World]], from West to East and from zenith to nadir. The great mass of land making up much of [[Arda]] is named here as &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Ambar]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, the earth. The farthest reaches of Ambar are designated &#039;&#039;[[Númen]]&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;[[Rómen]]&#039;&#039;, West and East. The central landmass of Ambar is here named &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Middle-earth|Pelmar]]&#039;&#039;&#039; as well as &#039;&#039;Ambarendya&#039;&#039;. The midmost point is named &#039;&#039;[[Endor]]&#039;&#039;. To the [[Belegaer|west]] and [[East Sea|east]] of the central landmass is written &#039;&#039;&#039;Ear&#039;&#039;&#039;, the seas. Spanning from the west shore of the west sea to the east shore of the east sea is &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Vista]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, the lower airs. In these airs is written &#039;&#039;Aiwenore&#039;&#039;, &amp;quot;Bird-land&amp;quot;, and above it is &#039;&#039;Fanyamar&#039;&#039;, &amp;quot;Cloud-home&amp;quot;. Above Vista and all around Ambar is &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Ilmen]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, the upper airs. These can be seen to cover the lands of [[Aman]] and the [[Uttermost East]], spanning also beneath &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Martalmar]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, the roots of the Earth. Written in the span of Ilmen are its other names, &#039;&#039;Tinwë-mallë&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Elenarda&#039;&#039;, meaning &amp;quot;Star-street&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Stellar Kingdom&amp;quot; respectively. Surrounding all of Ambar is &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Vaiya]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, the [[Ekkaia|Encircling Seas]]. Beyond Vaiya there is only &#039;&#039;&#039;Kúma&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;Ava-Kúma&#039;&#039;&#039;, the near and outer [[Void]]. Separating Vaiya from Kúma are the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Ilurambar]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, the Walls of the World pierced at Ando Lómen, the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Door of Night]]&#039;&#039;&#039; in the West. At the very bottom of the diagram is written &#039;&#039;&#039;Ilu&#039;&#039;&#039;, an early name for the world of Arda.&amp;lt;ref name=Ambar&amp;gt;{{SM|Ambar}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;{{rp|242 - 243}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Vaiya, that flows completely around the world, forms a sea below it. [[Ulmo]] the Lord of Waters dwells in Vaiya, below the Martalmar.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{SM|5b}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Much later, some pencilled changes and additions give &#039;&#039;Earambar&#039;&#039; for &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Ilurambar]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  &#039;&#039;[[Hidden Half]]&#039;&#039; right under &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Martalmar]]&#039;&#039;&#039; and Arda for &#039;&#039;&#039;Ilu&#039;&#039;&#039; in the title. Pencilled notes at the right-hand bottom corner is too faint to make out after the words &amp;quot;Alter story of Sun&amp;quot; ; that on the left reads : &amp;quot;Make world always a globe but larger than now. Mountains of East and West prevent anyone from going to Hidden Half&amp;quot;. &amp;lt;ref name=Ambar&amp;gt;{{SM|Ambar}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;{{rp|242 - 243}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Diagram II===&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Ambarkanta Diagram II.jpg|thumb|Diagram II]]&lt;br /&gt;
Diagram II of the &#039;&#039;Ambarkanta&#039;&#039; maps details the shape of Arda before the Changing of the World, from North to South. Once again, &#039;&#039;&#039;Ambar&#039;&#039;&#039; is shown to consist of &#039;&#039;&#039;Endor&#039;&#039;&#039; at its upper regions and &#039;&#039;&#039;Martalmar&#039;&#039;&#039; in its lowermost depths. &#039;&#039;&#039;Vista&#039;&#039;&#039; covers Endor from the north to south, with &#039;&#039;&#039;Ilmen&#039;&#039;&#039; surrounding all of Ambar, though much less so in the north and south than in the west and east as shown before. &#039;&#039;&#039;Vaiya&#039;&#039;&#039; encircles all the world of &#039;&#039;&#039;Ilu&#039;&#039;&#039;, separated from &#039;&#039;&#039;Kúma&#039;&#039;&#039; by the &#039;&#039;&#039;Earambar&#039;&#039;&#039;. To the farthest reaches of either end of the world there is written &#039;&#039;[[Formen]]&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Hyarmen|Harmen]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, North and South.&amp;lt;ref name=Ambar/&amp;gt;{{rp|244 - 245}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br clear=all&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Diagram III===&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Ambarkanta Diagram III.jpg|thumb|Diagram III]]&lt;br /&gt;
Diagram III of the &#039;&#039;Ambarkanta&#039;&#039; maps details the shape of Arda after the Changing of the World. Here the entirety of &#039;&#039;&#039;Ambar&#039;&#039;&#039; is made round: the &#039;&#039;&#039;Old Lands&#039;&#039;&#039; of the flat Arda now make up one half of Arda made round, and the &#039;&#039;&#039;New Lands&#039;&#039;&#039; are made to form Arda&#039;s other half. &#039;&#039;&#039;Vista&#039;&#039;&#039; becomes the lower atmospheres, while &#039;&#039;&#039;Ilmen&#039;&#039;&#039; becomes the upper atmospheres and the regions of outer space. &#039;&#039;&#039;Valinor&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;Eressëa&#039;&#039;&#039; are shown here to dwell within Ilmen. Beyond Ilmen there is still &#039;&#039;&#039;Vaiya&#039;&#039;&#039;, and the voids beyond it. Passing away from the curvature of the earth and into Valinor within Ilmen is the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Straight Road|Straight Path]]&#039;&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref name=Ambar/&amp;gt;{{rp|246 - 247}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br clear=all&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Map IV===&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Ambarkanta Map IV.jpg|thumb|Map IV]]&lt;br /&gt;
Map IV of the &#039;&#039;Ambarkanta&#039;&#039; maps details the lands of Arda after the fall of the [[Two Lamps]] and before the [[Battle of the Powes|War of the Gods]]. The waters and airs of &#039;&#039;&#039;Vaiya&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;Ilmen&#039;&#039;&#039; can be seen encircling the lands, with the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Chasm of Ilmen]]&#039;&#039;&#039; separating the earth from Vaiya. In the region designated &#039;&#039;&amp;quot;West - Númen&amp;quot;&#039;&#039; lies &#039;&#039;&#039;Valinor&#039;&#039;&#039;, and the city of &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Valmar]]&#039;&#039;&#039;. The far northeast and southeast regions of Valinor are named here as &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Araman|Eruman]]&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Avathar|Arvalin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;. Along the coasts is written &#039;&#039;Westland or Westerness&#039;&#039;. In the middle of Valinor on the east coast is the city of &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Tirion|Tún]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, near to the mountain of &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Taniquetil|Taniqetil]]&#039;&#039;&#039;. Running to the north and south of Taniquentil are the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Pelóri|Mountains of Valinor]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, and on the coast of the &#039;&#039;&#039;Bay of Elfland&#039;&#039;&#039; is &#039;&#039;Eldaros (Elvenhome)&#039;&#039;. A string of islands called &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Enchanted Isles|The Enchanted Magic Isles]]&#039;&#039;&#039; and the &#039;&#039;&#039;Shadowy Isles&#039;&#039;&#039; lie to the east of Valinor within the &#039;&#039;&#039;Belegaer or Great West Sea&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Valinor is separated by &#039;&#039;&#039;Pelmar&#039;&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;&#039;Middle-earth&#039;&#039;&#039; in the east by the &#039;&#039;&#039;Straits of Ice&#039;&#039;&#039; in the south and the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Helcaraxë|Helkarakse]]&#039;&#039;&#039; in the north. In the very northernmost regions of Middle-earth near to the Helkarakse is &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Falas|Falasse]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, the western coast of &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Beleriand]]&#039;&#039;&#039;. Running along the northern regions of Middle-earth are the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Iron Mountains]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, barring &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Utumno|Utumna]]&#039;&#039;&#039; from the rest of the world. On Beleriand&#039;s eastern borders run the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Blue Mountains]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, mirrored on Middle-earth&#039;s eastern side across the &#039;&#039;Northlands&#039;&#039; by the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Orocarni|Red Mountains]]&#039;&#039;&#039;. In the south of the Northlands between the Blue and Red Mountains lies the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Sea of Helcar|Sea of Helkar]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, and on its eastern end there is &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Cuiviénen|Kuivienen]]&#039;&#039;&#039;. In the very center of Ambar near the west of the &#039;&#039;Mid-land&#039;&#039; there is written &#039;&#039;Earth-middle&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Endor&#039;&#039;. East of the Mid-land are the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Mountains of the Wind]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, the western border of &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Hildórien]]&#039;&#039;&#039;. In the &#039;&#039;Southland&#039;&#039; of Middle-earth is the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Sea of Ringil]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, between the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains]]&#039;&#039;&#039; in the west and the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Yellow Mountains]]&#039;&#039;&#039; in the east. The southernmost point of Middle-earth is marked &#039;&#039;South&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Harmen&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To the east of Middle-earth are the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Uttermost East|Lands of the Sun]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, called also the &#039;&#039;Eastlands or Easterness&#039;&#039;. Separating the two continents is the &#039;&#039;&#039;East Sea&#039;&#039;&#039;, two more Straits of Ice lying at the northernmost and southernmost ends. In these lands lie the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Walls of the Sun|Mountains or Walls of the Sun]]&#039;&#039;&#039;. The farthest east point of Ambar is designated &#039;&#039;&amp;quot;East - Rómen&amp;quot;&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref name=Ambar/&amp;gt;{{rp|248 - 249}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br clear=all&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Map V===&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Ambarkanta Map V.png|thumb|Map V]]&lt;br /&gt;
Map V of the &#039;&#039;Ambarkanta&#039;&#039; maps details the lands of Arda after the War of the Gods and before the Changing of the World. Surrounding the lands of Arda are the &#039;&#039;&#039;Outer Seas&#039;&#039;&#039; of &#039;&#039;Utgarsecg&#039;&#039;&#039;, the Old English name of Vaiya. Here &#039;&#039;&#039;Aman&#039;&#039;&#039; and the &#039;&#039;&#039;Outer Lands (Valinor)&#039;&#039;&#039; are shown again in the west of the world, with the regions of &#039;&#039;&#039;Araman&#039;&#039;&#039; in the north and &#039;&#039;&#039;Arvalin&#039;&#039;&#039; in the south. A little south of Araman are the havens of &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Alqualondë|Alflon]]&#039;&#039;&#039;. In the center regions of Aman are the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Two Trees]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;&#039;Tún&#039;&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;&#039;Valmar&#039;&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;&#039;Taniquetil&#039;&#039;&#039;. To the east of the shores of Valinor lies the &#039;&#039;&#039;Bay of Faery&#039;&#039;&#039;. At its northernmost point, the lands of Aman are still linked to the &#039;&#039;&#039;Hither Lands&#039;&#039;&#039; by the &#039;&#039;&#039;Helkaraksë&#039;&#039;&#039;, leading across the northern regions of &#039;&#039;&#039;Belegar&#039;&#039;&#039; the &#039;&#039;Great Seas&#039;&#039;. Given here also is the Great Sea&#039;s Old English name &#039;&#039;Ingarsecg&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In this map, details of the lands of &#039;&#039;&#039;Beleriand&#039;&#039;&#039; can now be seen. The lands of &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Hithlum]]&#039;&#039;&#039; and the fortress of &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Angband]]&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Thangorodrim]]&#039;&#039;&#039; lie to the north near &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Dor Daedeloth|Daidelos]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, the northern wastes. Dividing the northern and southern regions of Middle-earth is the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Great Gulf]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (possibly named here also as &#039;&#039;Beleglorn&#039;&#039;), with the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Straits of the World]]&#039;&#039;&#039; linking the Gulf to the &#039;&#039;&#039;Inland Sea&#039;&#039;&#039;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To the southwest of the world lie the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Dark Land|Dark Land (South Land)]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, separated from Middle-earth by the expanded &#039;&#039;&#039;East Sea&#039;&#039;&#039;. In the far east of the world lie the &#039;&#039;&#039;Burnt Lands of the Sun&#039;&#039;&#039;, along with the &#039;&#039;&#039;Walls of the Sun&#039;&#039;&#039; near to the western shores.&amp;lt;ref name=Ambar/&amp;gt;{{rp|250 - 251}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Later Details==&lt;br /&gt;
In &#039;&#039;[[The Lost Road and Other Writings]]&#039;&#039; ([[1987]]), [[Christopher Tolkien]] provided additional, redrawn versions of the regions of the furthest North in Map V, in order to &amp;quot;enlarge and clarify..., adding letters to make references to it plainer.&amp;quot; Here can be seen the closeness of &#039;&#039;&#039;Hithlum&#039;&#039;&#039; and the &#039;&#039;&#039;Helkaraksë&#039;&#039;&#039; to the &#039;&#039;&#039;Chasm of Ilmen&#039;&#039;&#039; at the edge of the world. Also shown is the river &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Sirion]]&#039;&#039;&#039; and the firth of &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Drengist]]&#039;&#039;&#039; cutting into the mountains of Hithlum. Not far to the northeast of Hithlum lies &#039;&#039;&#039;Angband&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;Thangorodrim&#039;&#039;&#039;, and to Hithlum&#039;s southeast lies the realm of &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Dorthonion]]&#039;&#039;&#039; and the hidden city of &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Gondolin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{LR|Quenta}}, pp. 270 - 271&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;gallery&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
File:Christopher Tolkien - Northern Beleriand 1.jpg|Christopher Tolkien&#039;s First Map&lt;br /&gt;
File:Christopher Tolkien - Northern Beleriand 2.jpg|Christopher Tolkien&#039;s Second Map&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/gallery&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{references}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{maps}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{DISPLAYTITLE:&#039;&#039;Ambarkanta&#039;&#039; maps}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Maps of Arda]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[fi:The Ambarkanta:Diagram I]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[fi:The Ambarkanta:Diagram II]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[fi:The Ambarkanta:Diagram III]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[fi:The Ambarkanta: Map IV]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[fi:The Ambarkanta: Map V]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hlingler</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Talk:Ambarkanta_maps&amp;diff=335930</id>
		<title>Talk:Ambarkanta maps</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Talk:Ambarkanta_maps&amp;diff=335930"/>
		<updated>2021-10-06T17:54:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hlingler: New talk page.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A careful perusal of Map V shows that the &amp;quot;Great Gulf&amp;quot; is labeled &#039;&#039;Beleglorn&#039;&#039;, not &#039;&#039;Belegorn&#039;&#039;. This difference is important, since it changes the entire meaning of the word (from &amp;quot;Great Tree&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Great Gulf&amp;quot;). If there is any doubt about the reading, it is the letter &amp;quot;g&amp;quot; which is unclear, but it is certainly followed by the letter &amp;quot;l&amp;quot;. I have revised the text accordingly. --[[User:Hlingler|Hlingler]] 17:54, 6 October 2021 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hlingler</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Arahad_II&amp;diff=325397</id>
		<title>Arahad II</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Arahad_II&amp;diff=325397"/>
		<updated>2021-01-01T17:18:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hlingler: Correction(s).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;__NOTOC__&lt;br /&gt;
{{disambig-two|the tenth [[Chieftains of the Dúnedain|Chieftain of the Dúnedain]]|seventh Chieftain|[[Arahad I]]}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{arnorian infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name=Arahad II&lt;br /&gt;
| image=&lt;br /&gt;
| caption=&lt;br /&gt;
| pronun=&lt;br /&gt;
| othernames=&lt;br /&gt;
| titles=[[Chieftain of the Dúnedain]]&lt;br /&gt;
| position=&lt;br /&gt;
| location=[[Rivendell]]&lt;br /&gt;
| affiliation=&lt;br /&gt;
| language=[[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]&lt;br /&gt;
| birth={{TA|2563}}&lt;br /&gt;
| birthlocation=&lt;br /&gt;
| rule={{TA|2654}} - {{TA|2719|n}}&lt;br /&gt;
| death={{TA|2719}}&lt;br /&gt;
| deathlocation=&lt;br /&gt;
| age=156&lt;br /&gt;
| notablefor=&lt;br /&gt;
| house=[[House of Isildur]]&lt;br /&gt;
| parentage=[[Aravorn]]&lt;br /&gt;
| siblings=&lt;br /&gt;
| spouse=&lt;br /&gt;
| children=[[Arassuil]]&lt;br /&gt;
| gender=Male&lt;br /&gt;
| height=&lt;br /&gt;
| hair=&lt;br /&gt;
| eyes=&lt;br /&gt;
| clothing=&lt;br /&gt;
| weapons=&lt;br /&gt;
| steed=&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Arahad II&#039;&#039;&#039; ({{TA|2563}}&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{PM|Elendil}}, p. 196&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; - {{TA|2719|n}},&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;North&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{App|North}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; died aged 156) was the tenth [[Chieftain of the Dúnedain]], following his father, [[Aravorn]], when he died in {{TA|2654|n}}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
During his chieftainship, the [[hobbits]] of [[the Shire]] flourished under the protection of the [[Rangers of the North|Rangers]], with [[Tobold Hornblower]] planting the first [[pipe-weed]] in the [[Southfarthing]], and the tenth Thain, [[Isengrim Took II]], started digging the [[Great Smials]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{App|TA}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Arahad died in {{TA|2719|n}}, after having ruled for 65 years, and was followed by his son, [[Arassuil]].&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;North&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Etymology==&lt;br /&gt;
The etymology of Arahad&#039;s name is uncertain, but it likely he was named after his great-grandfather, [[Arahad I]]. For a discussion on the meaning of the name, see [[Arahad I#Etymology|Arahad I - Etymology]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Genealogy==&lt;br /&gt;
{{familytree/start}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{familytree | ARA |ARA=[[Aragost]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;{{TA|2431|n}} - {{TA|2588|n}}&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{familytree | |!| |}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{familytree | ARA |ARA=[[Aravorn]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;{{TA|2497|n}} - {{TA|2654|n}}&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{familytree | |!| |}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{familytree | ARA |ARA=&#039;&#039;&#039;ARAHAD II&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;{{TA|2563|n}} - {{TA|2719|n}}&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{familytree | |!| |}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{familytree | ARA |ARA=[[Arassuil]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;{{TA|2628|n}} - {{TA|2784|n}}&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{familytree | |!| |}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{familytree | ARA |ARA=[[Arathorn I]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;{{TA|2696|n}} - {{TA|2848|n}}&#039;&#039;†&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{familytree/end}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Other versions of the legendarium==&lt;br /&gt;
In an early manuscript Arahad&#039;s name was &amp;quot;Arangar&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{PM|Elendil}}, Commentary, p. 211&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{references}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{seq-start}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{seq-head&lt;br /&gt;
| race=arnorian&lt;br /&gt;
| house=[[House of Isildur]]&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;Cadet branch of [[House of Elros]]&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| born={{TA|2563}}&lt;br /&gt;
| died={{TA|2719}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{seq&lt;br /&gt;
| prow=2&lt;br /&gt;
| prev=[[Aravorn]]&lt;br /&gt;
| list=33rd [[Heir of Isildur|Heir]] of [[Isildur]]&lt;br /&gt;
| dates={{TA|2654}} - {{TA|2719}}&lt;br /&gt;
| next=[[Arassuil]]&lt;br /&gt;
| nrow=2&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{seq&lt;br /&gt;
| list=10th [[Chieftains of the Dúnedain|Chieftain of the Dúnedain]]&lt;br /&gt;
| dates={{TA|2654}} - {{TA|2719}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{seq-end}}{{northernline}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:House of Isildur]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Chieftains of the Dúnedain]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Third Age characters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[de:Arahad II.]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[fi:Arahad II]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/3a/dunedain/dunedain_du_nord/arahad_ii]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hlingler</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Inland_Sea&amp;diff=320807</id>
		<title>The Inland Sea</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Inland_Sea&amp;diff=320807"/>
		<updated>2020-09-25T23:24:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hlingler: Addition(s) and correction(s)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{book&lt;br /&gt;
|title=The Inland Sea&lt;br /&gt;
|image=[[Image:Inland Sea.jpg|225 px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|author=Mike Campbell, Luke Potter, Justin Morgan-Davies &lt;br /&gt;
|isbn=&lt;br /&gt;
|publisher=[[Chris Seeman]]&lt;br /&gt;
|date=Late 1990s-2000 (Unpublished)&lt;br /&gt;
|format=&lt;br /&gt;
|pages=&lt;br /&gt;
|amazon=&lt;br /&gt;
|amazonprice=&lt;br /&gt;
|}}&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;The Inland Sea&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; was a supplement intended to be published for &#039;&#039;[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]&#039;&#039;. Mike Campbell and Luke Potter were commissioned during the 1990s to write the supplement. But as the publisher [[Iron Crown Enterprises]] lost the exploitation license to &#039;&#039;[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]&#039;&#039; in September 1999, Campbell and Potter stopped working on the Inland Sea project around 1999/2000.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manuscripts of MERP the Inland Sea (including several maps) were in the end published free of charge by Chris Seeman (from the fanzine [[Other Hands]]). They can be reached through the Yahoo Fan modules web site on Internet (now located at [http://groups.io/g/merp-fan-modules MERP Fan Modules]). The present state of these manuscripts is that of a playable supplement.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://groups.io/g/merp-fan-modules/files/Yahoo%20Groups/MERP%20-%20The%20Inland%20Sea.pdf MERP - The Inland Sea.pdf] (NOTE: registration is free, and you must be a member to access files @ merp-fan-modules)&lt;br /&gt;
{{references}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Unpublished books]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:MERP]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hlingler</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Hlingler&amp;diff=320568</id>
		<title>User talk:Hlingler</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Hlingler&amp;diff=320568"/>
		<updated>2020-09-22T05:23:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hlingler: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Welcome|realName=Vincent Schiavoni|name=Hlingler}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-- [[User:Mith|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#2F4F4F&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Mith&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]] &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;([[User talk:Mith|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#696969&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Talk&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]]/[[Special:Contributions/Mith|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#708090&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Contribs&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]]/[[Special:Editcount/Mith/Edits|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#778899&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Edits&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 20:56, 21 September 2020 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hello Hlinger! Are you the same user Hlingler that did a lot of the entries on the notionclubarchives fandom for Middle-earth Role Playing (MERP), MERP fan modules, Middle-earth Collectible Card Game (MECCG) and The One Ring (TOR) roleplaying Game and computer games? It is a pity that the entries in the (new) notionclubarchives usually have only one or no references, even if they seem to be a mix from different sources. Are you also the user Vince on the MERP fan modules group? --[[User:Akhorahil|Akhorahil]] 03:32, 22 September 2020 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
:Yes (and still actively editing), and yes the same. As far as the Notion Club Archives Wiki: you are of course correct about the references - but one of the advantages of that wiki is *not* having to exhaustively cite sources for each and every statement; however one of the things that I try to make sure of, is that the source(s) get mentioned somewhere (at least generally by game system and/or publication name), even if just by inclusion in the relevant category. Feel free to add &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{Citation needed}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt; tag(s) or post on the relevant talk page, if you think more reference info is needed. -[[User:Hlingler|Hlingler]] 04:56, 22 September 2020 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hlingler</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Hlingler&amp;diff=320567</id>
		<title>User talk:Hlingler</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Hlingler&amp;diff=320567"/>
		<updated>2020-09-22T04:56:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hlingler: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Welcome|realName=Vincent Schiavoni|name=Hlingler}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-- [[User:Mith|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#2F4F4F&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Mith&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]] &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;([[User talk:Mith|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#696969&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Talk&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]]/[[Special:Contributions/Mith|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#708090&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Contribs&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]]/[[Special:Editcount/Mith/Edits|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#778899&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Edits&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 20:56, 21 September 2020 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hello Hlinger! Are you the same user Hlingler that did a lot of the entries on the notionclubarchives fandom for Middle-earth Role Playing (MERP), MERP fan modules, Middle-earth Collectible Card Game (MECCG) and The One Ring (TOR) roleplaying Game and computer games? It is a pity that the entries in the (new) notionclubarchives usually have only one or no references, even if they seem to be a mix from different sources. Are you also the user Vince on the MERP fan modules group? --[[User:Akhorahil|Akhorahil]] 03:32, 22 September 2020 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
:Yes (and still actively editing), and yes the same. As far as the Notion Club Archives Wiki: you are of course correct about the references - but one of the advantages of that wiki is *not* having to exhaustively cite sources for each and every statement; however one of the things that I try to make sure of, is that the source(s) get mentioned somewhere (at least by game system and/or publication name), even if just by inclusion in the relevant category. Feel free to add &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{Citation needed}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt; tag(s) or post on the relevant talk page, if you think more reference info is needed. -[[User:Hlingler|Hlingler]] 04:56, 22 September 2020 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hlingler</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=High_Pass&amp;diff=320560</id>
		<title>High Pass</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=High_Pass&amp;diff=320560"/>
		<updated>2020-09-22T01:09:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hlingler: Correct English grammar and orthography; minor addition(s) and clarification(s).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{location infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name=High Pass&lt;br /&gt;
| image=[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - The Mountain-path (Colored by H.E. Riddett).png|250px]]&lt;br /&gt;
| caption=&amp;quot;The Mountain-path&amp;quot; (coloured) by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]&lt;br /&gt;
| pronun=&lt;br /&gt;
| othernames=Pass of Imladris, Cirith Forn en Andrath&lt;br /&gt;
| location=[[Misty Mountains]] above [[Rivendell]]&lt;br /&gt;
| type=Mountain pass&lt;br /&gt;
| description=&lt;br /&gt;
| regions=&lt;br /&gt;
| towns=&lt;br /&gt;
| inhabitants=&lt;br /&gt;
| created=&lt;br /&gt;
| destroyed=&lt;br /&gt;
| events=&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
The &#039;&#039;&#039;High Pass&#039;&#039;&#039; was a pass over the [[Misty Mountains]]. On its western end was the refuge of [[Rivendell]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Nancy Smith]], &amp;quot;[[Index questions]]&amp;quot;; cf. {{HM|RC}}, p. 207&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and from there the [[East Road]] climbed into the mountains until it reached the mountain under which laid [[Goblin-town]], and thence descended on eastward into the [[Vales of Anduin]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There were actually two passes at this location: the lower pass was more prone to being waylaid by Orcs, hence most travellers used the higher pass outside of those rare occasions when the Orcs were quiescent or suppressed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
The High Pass was first used during the [[Great Journey]] when [[Oromë]] led the the [[Eldar]] through the [[Hithaeglir]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{AA|61}}, p. 83&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later the High Pass was used by the [[Dwarves]], who connected their roads (the [[East Road]] and the [[Men-i-Naugrim]] through [[Mirkwood]]) with it.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{UT|7}}, note 14&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the late [[Second Age]] the High Pass was used by the army of [[Gil-galad]] and [[Elendil]] when they marched to [[Mordor]] in the War of the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]. After this war [[Isildur]] was slain by [[Orcs]] watching the way towards the pass.&amp;lt;ref name=gladden/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later, in the [[Third Age]], the Pass became dangerous again because of the Orcs. Only with the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]], which nearly wiped out all Orcs of the mountains, did it became safe again. Nevertheless in {{TA|2940}}, the goblins of [[Goblin-town]] had burrowed their way back to it, and [[Bilbo Baggins]] and the Dwarves of [[Thorin]] were captured the next year during the [[Quest of Erebor]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{H|Hill}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
During the [[War of the Ring]], [[Grimbeorn|Grimbeorn the Old]] and the [[Beornings]] kept the High Pass open,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{FR|II1}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; but the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] ignored the High Pass because the eastern side of the Misty Mountains had become too dangerous.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Names==&lt;br /&gt;
The High Pass was also known as the &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;Pass of Imladris&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;. In [[Sindarin]], the pass was called &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;Cirith Forn en Andrath&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;quot;the high-climbing pass of the north&amp;quot;); &#039;&#039;[[cirith]]&#039;&#039; + &#039;&#039;[[forn (Sindarin)|forn]]&#039;&#039; + &#039;&#039;[[andrath (word)|andrath]]&#039;&#039;).&amp;lt;ref name=gladden&amp;gt;{{UT|Gladden}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{HM|RC}}, p. 207&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Other versions of the legendarium==&lt;br /&gt;
The translation of &#039;&#039;Cirith Forn en Andrath&#039;&#039; as &amp;quot;the high-climbing pass of the north&amp;quot; seems to be either a loose gloss or even an error, since elsewhere in &#039;&#039;[[Unfinished Tales]]&#039;&#039; &#039;&#039;andrath&#039;&#039; is definitively translated as &amp;quot;long climb&amp;quot;,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{UT|Gladden}}, note 4, p. 278&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and &#039;&#039;an(d)&#039;&#039; is definitively stated to mean &amp;quot;long&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{S|Appendix}}, entry &#039;&#039;an(d)&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the draft for the chapter, &amp;quot;[[The Ring Goes South]]&amp;quot;, [[Elrond]] gave a name for both the High Pass and the [[Front Porch|Goblin Gate]], which was &#039;&#039;Annerchin&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{RS|Ring}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Portrayals in Adaptations ==&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;2007: &#039;&#039;[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]&#039;&#039;:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:The High Pass can be found in the region of the Misty Mountains and is divided into two areas: the Northern High Pass and the Southern High Pass. The mountain pass to the [[Vales of Anduin]] to the east was reopened by the [[Beornings]] following the [[War of the Ring]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;2012: &#039;&#039;[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]&#039;&#039;:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:The Dwarves take the High Pass, except without Gandalf. They end up in the middle of a fight between [[Stone-giants]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{references}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{companyroute}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Passes]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[de:Hoher Pass]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[fi:Ylä-Sola]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hlingler</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>