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File:Ted Nasmith - Battle of the Black Gate.jpg

2026-02-17T20:31:35Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:Ted Nasmith - Battle of the Black Gate.jpg

== Summary ==
"[[Battle of the Morannon|Battle of the Black Gate]]" by [[Ted Nasmith]]. Created for ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'', Update 20: Battle of the Black Gate.

== Licensing ==
{{Copyright-permission|[[Ted Nasmith]]|[http://www.tednasmith.com/ Ted Nasmith's website]|Ted Nasmith}}

[[Category:Images of the Battle of the Morannon]]
[[Category:Images of Orcs]]
[[Category:Images of Gimli]]
[[Category:Images of Legolas]]
[[Category:Images of Aragorn]]
[[Category:Images of Nazgûl]]
[[Category:Images of Fell beasts]]
[[Category:Images of Gandalf]]
[[Category:Images of the Black Gate]]
[[Category:Images by Ted Nasmith]]

Minstrel of Gondor

2026-02-17T20:23:02Z

Malachi:

{{Unnamed}}
{{infobox character
| people=[[Men|Man]]
| name=Minstrel of Gondor
| image=The Return of the King (1980 film) - Minstrel of Gondor.png
| caption=The ''[[Minstrels|Minstrel]] of [[Gondor]]'' in ''[[The Return of the King (1980 film)]]''
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=[[Minstrels|Minstrel]]
| location=[[Field of Cormallen]], [[North Ithilien]]
| affiliation=[[Gondor]]
| language=[[Westron]] and one of the [[Elvish|elven-tongues]]
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=Composed a lay "[[Frodo of the Nine Fingers|of Frodo of the Nine Fingers and the Ring of Doom]]"
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}

{{Quote|Praise them with great praise!|The [[Minstrels|minstrel]] of [[Gondor]] in ''[[The Return of the King]]'', "[[The Field of Cormallen]]"}}

The '''minstrel of Gondor''' was an unnamed [[Men|Man]] of [[Gondor]] who sang an epic lay "of [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo of the Nine Fingers]] and the [[Ring of Doom]]".<ref name="Song">{{RK|Cormallen}}, pp. 951-7</ref>

== History ==
On the [[Field of Cormallen]], after [[Frodo Baggins]] and [[Samwise Gamgee]] find out that the king is none other than [[Strider]], a minstrel of Gondor keels and begs the king for his permission to sing. Before waiting for [[Aragorn|Aragorn's]] leave, the minstrel addressed the [[Gondorians|fair people of Gondor]], the [[Rohirrim|Riders]] of [[Rohan]], the [[Elladan and Elrohir|sons]] of [[Elrond]], the [[Dúnedain]] of the [[Eriador|North]], the [[Legolas|Elf]] and the [[Gimli|Dwarf]], the [[Hobbits|greathearts]] of the [[Shire]], and the rest of the [[Free peoples]] that were present. He then announced that his lay was about the [[Quest of the Ring|quest]] "of [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo of the Nine Fingers]] and the [[Ring of Doom]]".<ref name="Song"/>

To this, [[Samwise Gamgee]] stood up, laughed, and said that all his wishes had just come true. He wept immediately after he said this.<ref name="Song"/>

As the rest of the listeners either laughed or wept, the minstrel's clear voice was said to rise as compared to silver and gold. At that moment, the minstrel began to sing in one of the [[Elvish|elven-tongues]], switching between that and [[Westron]], until the hearts of the listeners overflowed with joy at the sweet words and they were weeping again.<ref name="Song"/>

The minstrel's lay lasted almost that entire day, and he concluded it just as the evening began. After praising the [[Hobbits]], the minstrel of Gondor sat back down.<ref name="Song"/>

== Portrayal in adaptations ==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Minstrel of Gondor.jpg|thumb|Garthebir in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
'''1980: ''[[The Return of the King (1980 film)]]'':'''
:The minstrel of Gondor is here, referred to in the credits as '''The Minstrel''', voiced by [[Glenn Yarbrough]]. In the film, the minstrel has a much larger role than he does in the book. He appears as the film's framing device as entertainment at [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo Baggins']] 129th birthday party in [[Rivendell]], and relates the tale of Frodo's quest to destroy Bilbo's old [[One Ring|golden ring]], singing various songs in the process.

'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''
:The minstrel of Gondor appears in an identical role to that seen in the book.

'''2017: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The Minstrel is named '''Garthebir''', his name and appearance are a tribute to the late musician [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gord_Downie Gord Downie].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20201119122145/https://www.lotro.com/en/game/articles/fortress-keeper The Fortress-Keeper on lotro.com, archived by Wayback Machine]</ref> He also attends the royal wedding of Kind [[Elessar]] and Queen [[Arwen]].

{{references}}

{{title}}

[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Gondorians]]
[[Category:Minstrels]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Minstrel of Gondor.jpg

2026-02-17T20:21:43Z

Malachi: == Summary == {{Fairuse-Standingstone}} Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online Category:Images of the Minstrel of Gondor

== Summary ==
{{Fairuse-Standingstone}}
[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online]]
[[Category:Images of the Minstrel of Gondor]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Éomer.jpg

2026-02-17T20:12:26Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Éomer.jpg

==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-Turbine}}
[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online: Riders of Rohan]]
[[Category:Images of Éomer]]

Herb-master

2026-02-17T20:09:43Z

Malachi:

{{Merge|Warden of the Houses of Healing}}
{{Unnamed}}
{{infobox character
| people=[[Gondorians|Gondorian]]
| name=Herb-master
| image=The Lord of the Rings Online - Herb-master.jpg
| caption=Galathir, Herb-master of the Houses of Healing in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Minas Tirith]] ([[Houses of Healing]])
| affiliation=
| language=[[Westron]]
| birth=Late [[Third Age]]
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
<center>{{quote|If your pack has not been found, then you must send for the herb-master of this House. And he will tell you that he did not know that the herb you desire had any virtues, but that it is called ''westmansweed'' by the vulgar, and ''galenas'' by the noble ... and after adding a few half-forgotten rhymes that he does not understand, he will regretfully inform you that there is none in the House, and he will leave you to reflect on the history of tongues.|[[Aragorn]] to [[Merry]] in ''[[The Return of the King]]'', "[[The Houses of Healing]]"}}</center>

The '''herb-master''' was a title given to an unnamed character who served in the [[Houses of Healing]] in [[Minas Tirith]]. He was well-versed in herb-lore, particularly the many names given to different plants, as well as their uses. He disapproved of the [[When the black breath blows|old rhymes]] still repeated by the older women such as [[Ioreth]], referring to such verses as garbled and doggerel. When [[Aragorn]] sent Ioreth to acquire ''[[athelas]]'' for use in healing those suffering from the [[Black Shadow]], she apparently notified the herb-master, who arrived and proceeded to irritate both Aragorn and [[Gandalf]] by listing off various names of the plant they sought, before eventually declaring that there was none kept in the Houses of Healing, on account of its not having any virtues known to the [[Gondorians]], save for its mention in the [[When the black breath blows|black breath verse]], which he thought likely to be meaningless. Gandalf, in his irritation, sent him to find "some old man of less lore and more wisdom" who still kept ''athelas''. Aragorn, also annoyed, later made a joking remark about the herb-master's unhelpful tendencies to [[Merry]], who had misplaced the pack containing his [[pipeweed]].<ref name="RK">{{RK|V8}}, pp. 863-870</ref>

The character of the herb-master appears much the same in the earlier drafts of [[The Houses of Healing]], aside from the fact that some of the herb-names which he mentions were later altered by [[Tolkien]] (e.g., ''asea aranaite'' to ''[[asëa aranion]]'').<ref name="chapter">{{WR|3|XI}}, pp. 394, 396</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2015: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The Herb-master is named '''Galathir'''. According to [[Ioreth]], he possesses great skill as a healer but has lost sight of his shortcomings and grown reliant on his own concoctions, which often heal one ill by replacing it with another. One Galathir's apprentices travels with the player and relays that he is a wise teacher, but his tasks are often far more daunting that he thinks them. Dspite knowing of a great collection of knowledge about the plants of [[Middle-earth]], Galathir forbids his apprentices from studying it, dismissing it as anecdotes of specimens not seen in his age.

:Prior to the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]] Galathir sends the player to restock on healing herbs before the siege. After the battle, Galathir decides to give the wounded soldiers an infusion which, according to [[Aragorn]], would add to their suffering at best and hasten their end at worst. Aragorn shoos Galathir from the High Hall of the [[Houses of Healing]] and asks the player to gather up the infusions placed by him. When the apprentice accompanying the player returns from the wild with new findings, Galathir disagrees with her conclusions and tries to dismiss her before she quits on her own.

{{references}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Herb-master}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Gondorians]]
[[Category:Mannish titles]]
[[Category:Positions and occupations]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Herb-master.jpg

2026-02-17T20:08:40Z

Malachi: == Summary == {{Fairuse-Standingstone}} Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online Category:Images of the Herb-master

== Summary ==
{{Fairuse-Standingstone}}
[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online]]
[[Category:Images of the Herb-master]]

Tar-Telperiën

2026-02-03T23:14:02Z

Malachi:

{{infobox character
| people=[[Númenóreans|Númenórean]]
| name=Tar-Telperiën
| image=Shyangell - Tar-Telperien.jpg
| caption="Tar-Telperien" by [[:Category:Images by Shyangell|Shyangell]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=[[Ruling Queens of Númenor|Ruling Queen of Númenor]]
| position=
| location=[[Númenor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Adûnaic]], [[Sindarin]] and [[Quenya]]
| birth={{SA|1320}}<ref name=Tar-Telperien>{{UT|Kings}}entry X ''Tar-Telperien''</ref>
| birthlocation=
| rule={{SA|1556}} - {{SA|1731|n}} (175 years)<ref name=Tar-Telperien/>
| death={{SA|1731}}<ref name=Tar-Telperien/>
| deathlocation=
| age=411
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| parentage=[[Tar-Súrion]]<ref name=Tar-Telperien/>
| siblings=[[Isilmo]]<ref name=Tar-Telperien/>
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Female
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Tar-Telperiën''' was the tenth monarch of [[Númenor]] and its second [[Ruling Queen of Númenor|Ruling Queen]]. She was the eldest child of [[Tar-Súrion]].<ref name="Tar-Telperien" />

During her rule in Númenor, momentous events took place in [[Middle-earth]]: in {{SA|1600}} the [[Rings of Power]] were forged,<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year ''c.'' 1600 of the Second Age, p. 1083</ref> in {{SA|1693}} the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]] began,<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 1693 of the Second Age, p. 1083</ref> and in {{SA|1700}} a great navy from Númenor was sent to [[Lindon]]<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 1700 of the Second Age, p. 1083</ref> to aid the Elves and utterly routed the forces of [[Sauron]] at the [[Battle of the Gwathló]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>

Tar-Telperiën refused to wed, and so died without an heir. She was long-lived even for one of [[Elros]]' line, and appeared to be reluctant to give up her power: unlike all the rulers of Númenor before her, she did not surrender the [[Sceptre]] to her successor a few years before her death, but instead waited until just prior to it.<ref name="Tar-Telperien" />

Tar-Telperiën's nephew Minastir, the son of her younger brother [[Isilmo]], succeeded her and ruled as [[Tar-Minastir]].<ref name="Tar-Telperien" />

==Etymology==
''Telperien'' is a [[Quenya]] name. Its meaning is not glossed, but Paul Strack suggests it could mean "Silver-daughter" as a compound of ''telpë'' ("silver") and the feminine suffix ''[[-ien]]'' ("-daughter"); though it could also be a feminised form of [[Telperion]], the name of the White Tree of [[Valinor]].<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-3185842677.html|articlename=Q. ''Telperien'' f.|website=Eldamo|accessed=22 December 2021}}</ref> Like all the rulers of Númenor who took their royal names in Quenya, Telperien added the prefix ''tar-'' ("high") to her name when she received the [[Sceptre of Númenor|Sceptre]].<ref>{{UT|Kings}}, first paragraph and entry I to XXV</ref>

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | ANA | | | | |ANA=[[Tar-Anárion]] ''{{SA|1003|n}} - {{SA|1404|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |}}
{{familytree | TWO | | SUR | | |TWO=''Two daughters'' ''unknown''|SUR=[[Tar-Súrion]] ''{{SA|1174|n}} - {{SA|1574|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |,|-|^|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | | | TEL | | ISI |TEL='''TAR-TELPERIËN''' ''{{SA|1320|n}} - {{SA|1731|n}}''|ISI=[[Isilmo]] ''unknown''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | MIN |MIN=[[Tar-Minastir]] ''{{SA|1474|n}} - {{SA|1873|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | CIR |CIR=[[Tar-Ciryatan]] ''{{SA|1634|n}} - {{SA|2035|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2024: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Tar-Telperiën ordered the construction of a massive wall that completely encircled the cape of [[Umbar]] (at the time called ''Vëalondë'' by Numenorians) to protect it from the peoples of [[Harad]] to the East. "Telperiën's Wall" would mark the furthermost extent of the realms of [[Numenor]] and later [[Gondor]] in [[Haradwaith]], though the passage of millennia eventually made it useless as defensive structure.

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=numenorean
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| born={{SA|1320}}
| died={{SA|1731}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=[[Tar-Súrion]]
| list=10th [[King of Númenor|Ruler]]/2nd [[Ruling Queen of Númenor]]
| dates={{SA|1556}} - {{SA|1731|n}}
| next=[[Tar-Minastir]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

{{numenorkings}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:TarTelperien}}
[[Category:House of Elros]]
[[Category:Rulers of Númenor]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[Category:Númenóreans]]
[[de:Tar-Telperien]]
[[fi:Tar-Telperien]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/hommes/2a/numenoreens/tar-telperien]]

Castamir

2026-01-08T22:50:49Z

Malachi:

{{infobox character
| people=[[Gondorians|Gondorian]]
| name=Castamir
| image=Matěj Čadil - Castamir the Usurper of Gondor.jpg
| caption="Castamir the Usurper of Gondor" by [[:Category:Images by Matěj Čadil|Matěj Čadil]]
| pronun=
| othernames="The Usurper"
| titles=[[Captain of Ships]], [[Kings of Gondor|King of Gondor]]
| position=
| location=[[Gondor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Westron]]
| birth={{TA|1259}}
| birthlocation=
| rule={{TA|1437}} – {{TA|1447|n}} (10 years)
| death={{TA|1447}}
| deathlocation=
| age=188
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Anárion]]
| parentage=''unknown'', grandfather [[Calimehtar (son of Calmacil)|Calimehtar]]
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Castamir "The Usurper"''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈkastamir]}}; {{TA|1259}}<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}</ref> – {{TA|1447|n}},<ref>{{App|South}}</ref> aged 188 years) usurped the throne of [[Gondor]] from [[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]], ruling from {{TA|1437|n}} to {{TA|1447|n}}, until he was violently deposed.

==History==
Castamir was the grandson of [[Calimehtar (son of Calmacil)|Calimehtar]], the younger son of [[Calmacil (King of Gondor)|Calmacil]], the eighteenth [[Kings of Gondor|King of Gondor]]. Although not a direct heir to the throne he was a noble of realm and became the [[Captain of Ships]].

When [[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]] ascended to the throne in {{TA|1432}} a civil war broke out in [[Gondor]]. Eldacar's mother had been [[Vidumavi]], a princess from [[Rhovanion]] and not of [[Númenórean]] descent. It was unheard of for an heir to the throne to come from one of an alien and lesser race, as viewed by the [[Dúnedain]], and many feared that her shorter lifespan would diminish the majesty of the Kings. Before Eldacar's ascension rebellion brewed in Gondor, especially in the southern parts, and when he became King full civil war broke out, called the [[Kin-strife]].<ref>{{App|TA}}</ref>

Castamir joined the rebellion and being nearest in blood to the crown as well as having the greatest following (due to his support by the people of the coasts and havens of [[Pelargir]] and [[Umbar]]) he became its leader. He led the rebel forces that besieged Eldacar in [[Osgiliath]] and forced the King to flee to his kinsfolk in Rhovanion. The nature of Castamir's character became apparent during the long siege for he not only caused slaughter and destruction in Osgiliath beyond the demands of war, he also had [[Ornendil]], Eldacar's son, put to death when the city fell.

In Eldacar's absence, Castamir seized the throne. After having shown great cruelty during the war, he further alienated his subjects by being haughty and ungenerous. He also planned to remove the King's seat to Pelargir, a proposal that lowered Castamir in the eyes of the people of [[Minas Anor]] and [[Ithilien]].

In the north, Eldacar forged an army composed of his kinsfolk, those Northmen who had been in the service of Gondor, and a growing number of disaffected Dúnedain from the northern parts of the realm. In {{TA|1447}} Eldacar marched south and his army was augmented by folks from [[Calenardhon]], [[Anórien]], and Ithilien. Castamir's forces met Eldacar's army in [[Lebennin]] where the [[Battle of the Crossings of Erui]] was fought. Much of the best blood of Gondor was lost in the fray. Eldacar himself slew Castamir in the fight and thus reclaimed his Kingship.

However, Castamir's sons escaped from the battle and withdrew their father's forces into Pelargir. There they withstood a siege until they could sail away to Umbar. This city and haven became a lordship independent of Gondor and a refuge for all enemies of the realm, a threat that would last for centuries.<ref>{{App|Gondor}}</ref>

==Etymology==
''Castamir'' is [[Quenya]]. Its meaning is not glossed, but as Paul Strack explains, the final element of this name is probably ''[[mírë]]'' ("jewel").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-1935153091.html|articlename=Q. ''Castamir'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=29 October 2021}}</ref>

The first element, ''casta'', is not translated, but it could be a variant of ''[[cassa]]'' "helmet". In that case, his name means "helmet-jewel" or "jewelled helmet".

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | CAL | | | | |NAR=[[Narmacil I]] ''{{TA|1049|n}} - {{TA|1294|n}}''|CAL=[[Calmacil (King of Gondor)|Calmacil]] ''{{TA|1058|n}} - {{TA|1304|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |}}
{{familytree | VID | | ROM | | CAL | | |VID=[[Vidugavia]] ''unknown''|ROM=[[Rómendacil II]] ''{{TA|1126|n}} - {{TA|1366|n}}''|CAL=[[Calimehtar (son of Calmacil)|Calimehtar]] ''unknown''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |!| | | |:| | | |}}
{{familytree | VID |y| VAL | | |:| | | |VID=[[Vidumavi]] ''d. {{TA|1332|n}}''|VAL=[[Valacar]] ''{{TA|1194|n}} - {{TA|1432|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | |:| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | ELD | | | | CAS | | |ELD=[[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]] ''{{TA|1255|n}} - {{TA|1490|n}}''|CAS='''CASTAMIR''' ''{{TA|1259|n}} - {{TA|1447|n}}''†}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | ORN | | ALD | | SON | | |ORN=[[Ornendil]] ''d. {{TA|1437|n}}''†|ALD=[[Aldamir]] ''{{TA|1330|n}} - {{TA|1540|n}}''†|SON=''sons'' ''unknown''†}}
{{familytree | | | | | |!| | | |:| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | HYA | | |:| | | |HYA=[[Hyarmendacil II]] ''{{TA|1391|n}} - {{TA|1621|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |F|~|A|~|7| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | |:| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | ANG | | SAN |ANG=[[Angamaitë]] ''fl. {{TA|1634|n}}''|SAN=[[Sangahyando]] ''fl. {{TA|1634|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Portrayal in adaptations==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Armor of Castamir.jpg|thumb|150px|The armor of the Usurper in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
'''2015: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Castamir's armor is recovered from the [[Crossings of Erui]] and is taken to [[Pelargir]] for safekeeping. Castamir's legacy never fully went away, as non-negligible number of Gondorians remained secret supporters of his through generations, plotting against Steward [[Denethor]] and later King [[Aragorn|Elessar]].

:During the [[War of the Ring]], the [[Corsairs of Umbar]] besieging [[Gondor]] were led by four brothers calling themselves "the Heirs of Castamir", though their claim was ultimately proven to be false. Though all of them perished during the fighting, the eldest left an adult son in Umbar, who continued posing a threat to [[Gondor]].

{{references}}

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=gondorian
| house=[[House of Anárion]] Cadet branch of [[House of Elros]]
| born={{TA|1259}}
| died={{TA|1447}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=[[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]]
| list=22nd [[Kings of Gondor|King of Gondor]]
| dates={{TA|1437}} – {{TA|1447}}
| next=[[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

{{southernline}}
[[Category:Gondorians]]
[[Category:House of Anárion]]
[[Category:Mariners]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Rulers of Gondor]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]
[[de:Castamir]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:hommes:3a:dunedain:gondoriens:castamir]]
[[fi:Castamir]]

File:The Hobbit (film series) - Glóin.jpg

2026-01-02T12:51:26Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:The Hobbit (film series) - Glóin.jpg

==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-Newlinecinema}}

[[Category:Images of Glóin]]
[[Category:Images from The Hobbit (film series)]]

File:The Hobbit (film series) - Fíli.jpg

2026-01-02T12:50:42Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:The Hobbit (film series) - Fíli.jpg

==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-Newlinecinema}}

[[Category:Images of Fíli]]
[[Category:Images from The Hobbit (film series)]]

File:The Hobbit (film series) - Dwalin.jpg

2026-01-02T12:49:47Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:The Hobbit (film series) - Dwalin.jpg

==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-Newlinecinema}}

[[Category:Images of Dwalin]]
[[Category:Images from The Hobbit (film series)]]

File:The Hobbit (film series) - Dori.jpg

2026-01-02T12:49:21Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:The Hobbit (film series) - Dori.jpg

==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-Newlinecinema}}

[[Category:Images of Dori]]
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File:The Hobbit (film series) - Bofur.jpg

2026-01-02T12:48:13Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:The Hobbit (film series) - Bofur.jpg

==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-Newlinecinema}}

[[Category:Images of Bofur]]
[[Category:Images from The Hobbit (film series)]]

File:The Hobbit (film series) - Bifur.jpg

2026-01-02T12:47:14Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:The Hobbit (film series) - Bifur.jpg

==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-Newlinecinema}}

[[Category:Images of Bifur]]
[[Category:Images from The Hobbit (film series)]]

File:The Hobbit (film series) - Balin.jpg

2026-01-02T12:46:46Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:The Hobbit (film series) - Balin.jpg

==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-Newlinecinema}}

[[Category:Images of Balin]]
[[Category:Images from The Hobbit (film series)]]

North Downs

2026-01-01T22:43:19Z

Malachi: hasn't been largest in many years

{{location infobox
| name=North Downs
| image=Matěj Čadil - North Downs.jpg
| caption="North Downs" by Matěj Čadil
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=Central [[Eriador]], east of the [[Hills of Evendim]], north of the [[Weather Hills]]
| type=Hills
| description=
| regions=
| towns=[[Fornost|Fornost Erain]]
| inhabitants=[[Men]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=[[Fall of Fornost]], [[Battle of Fornost]]
| gallery=the North Downs
}}
The '''North Downs''' were a range of hills in the northern part of [[Eriador]], east of the [[Hills of Evendim]] and north of the [[Weather Hills]]. From their northernmost point the hills extended in a south-westerly direction. At the southern end was [[Fornost Erain]], the ancient city of the [[Dúnedain of Arnor|Dúnedain of the North]], and the northern terminus of the [[North-South Road]].<ref>{{UT|Map}}</ref>

==History==
In the early [[Second Age]] the Downs were occupied by [[Men]], as well as [[Weather Hills]] and the [[Lake Evendim]].<ref>{{PM|Atani}}</ref> In the year {{SA|600}} [[Vëantur]] first returned to [[Middle-earth]] from [[Númenor]].<ref>{{UT|Numenor}}</ref> Upon hearing that some of their distant kin had come, these [[Middle Men]] petitioned [[Gil-galad]] to meet the mariners. Twelve men came and rejoiced to meet the Númenóreans.<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, Note 3</ref>

When the kingdom of [[Arnor]] was established in {{SA|3320}}<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref> the North Downs were incorporated into the realm.<ref>{{App|Eriador}}</ref> When Arnor was divided in {{TA|861}}<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> the frontier between [[Arthedain]] and [[Rhudaur]] was the Weather Hills;<ref name="North">{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain''</ref> this frontier may have extended along the eastern edge of the North Downs.

When [[Angmar]] attacked Eriador in {{TA|1409}}, the new King [[Araphor]] repelled the enemy from [[Fornost Erain]] and the North Downs, with help from [[Cirdan]].<ref name="North"/>

In {{TA|1974|n}} before the end of winter the [[Witch-king]] came down from Angmar and [[Fall of Fornost|captured Fornost]]. King [[Arvedui]] held out on the North Downs until he and some of his guard were driven to the north.<ref name="North"/> Arriving late, [[Eärnur]] answered summons from Arvedui in {{TA|1975|n}} with a massive fleet from [[Gondor]] which disgorged a host marching eastwards. Unaware of his peril the Witch-king marched out to meet the [[Host of the West (Arnor)|mighty combined army]] of [[Elves]] and [[Men]] in the plains between the [[Hills of Evendim]] and the North Downs. In the ensuing [[Battle of Fornost]] the forces of Angmar were routed and then destroyed, although the Witch-king himself escaped.<ref>{{App|Gondor}}</ref>

Although the kingdom of Angmar had been defeated and destroyed, so too had Arthedain come to an end. Fornost was abandoned and became a place of fear, acquiring the name Deadmen's Dike.<ref>{{FR|II2}}</ref> Other than visits by [[Rangers of the North]], the North Downs remained uninhabited for the remainder of the [[Third Age]]. In the [[Fourth Age]] though men may have returned to the North Downs; most likely [[Aragorn|King Elessar]] visited Fornost when he came north to dwell by Lake Evendim for awhile in {{FoA|15}}.<ref>{{App|Later}}</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - North Downs map.jpg|thumb|Map of the North Downs from ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''.]]
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The North Downs is one of the original regions of the game. North from [[Bree-land]] the [[Greenway]] is leading to [[Fornost Erain]] in the north-west. Major towns are "Trestlebridge", a small town of men from Bree, "[[Esteldín]]", an [[Arnor]]ian ruin inhabited by [[Rangers of the North|Dúnedain Rangers]], and "Othrikar", a mining outpost of the [[Longbeards]].

: As of fall of {{TA|3018}} the North Downs is in the state of war, as a new power in [[Angmar]] is sending its minions south. "Nan Wathren" is a rocky valley occupied by Orcs besieging Trestlebridge, the farms of "Annundir" have been ravaged by [[Goblins]], [[Dourhands]] roam the "Nan Amlug", but the biggest threat of all is an entire army of Orcs, Wargs and Trolls gathering its strength in "Dol Dinen".

{{references}}
[[Category:Arnor]]
[[Category:Eriador]]
[[Category:Hills]]
[[de:Nördliche Höhen]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/reliefs/eriador/hauts du nord]]
[[fi:Pohjan ylänkö]]

Eastern Orcs

2026-01-01T22:34:54Z

Malachi:

{{people infobox
| name=Eastern Orcs
| image = John Howe - Orc Swordsman.jpg
| caption="Orc Swordsman" by [[John Howe]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| origin=Orcs of [[Morgoth]] fleeing the [[Battle of the Powers]]<ref name=Cuv>{{NM|P3xviii}}, p. 370</ref>
| location=[[East]]<ref name=Cuv/>
| affiliation=[[Sauron]]
| rivalry=[[Men]]<ref name=Cuv/>
| language=
| members=
| lifespan=
| distinctions=Unruly; various stronger kinds<ref name=Cuv/>
| height=
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}

<center>{{Quote|But further east there were more and stronger kinds, descendants of Morgoth's kingship, but long masterless during his occupation of Thangorodrim, they were yet wild and ungovernable, preying upon one another and upon Men (whether good or evil).|''[[The Nature of Middle-earth]]'', Note on the Delay of Gil-galad and the Númenóreans}}</center>

The '''Eastern Orcs''' were [[Orcs]] inhabiting the far eastern regions of [[Middle-earth]], answering to no one for a long time ever since [[Morgoth]] made the fortress of [[Angband]] his seat of power. They were an unruly folk, as prone to troubling [[Men]] as they were to in-fighting, yet stronger than their northern brethren that had escaped Morgoth's disastrous defeat. Though initially apprehensive of him, the Eastern Orcs eventually came under the sovereignty of [[Sauron]].<ref name=Cuv/>

== History ==
Scions of the Orcs that had presumably evaded the [[Valar]] when they took Melkor prisoner in the aftermath of the [[Battle of the Powers]], the Eastern Orcs were among the sturdiest of that foul race, certainly more fearsome than those that remained hidden in the North. Becoming accustomed to this autonomous way of living throughout the time of Melkor's captivity and far away from his dominion, they became an unmanageable rabble by the time he returned and settled in [[Thangorodrim]]. They were as likely to hunt Men, regardless of their allegiance, as they were to turn on one another owing to the lack of a singular will to organize them.<ref name=Cuv/>

Due to their remote location they survived Morgoth's defeat in the [[War of Wrath]], thus being more numerous than other remnants of evil forces. Even by the time of Sauron's early rise, the Eastern Orcs were still a disorderly faction and did not immediately bend the knee to him, ensuring his grip on the southern and eastern lands was not as firm he would have hoped. While Sauron assumed a fair hue to deceive the [[Elves]], they held him in disdain and laughed at him.<ref name=Cuv/> Nonetheless, the [[Dark Lord]] ultimately succeeded in uniting all of the Orcs including these petty tribes in the East in a centralized vassalage through their common hatred of both Men and [[Elves]].<ref>{{MR|P5VIII}}, pp. 419-420</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2024: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:In the lands of [[Near Harad]], the game introduces the "Utûgi" - larger, stronger, and more intelligent orcs bred by Morgoth himself. They are taller than even the [[Uruk-hai]] and possess strength that [[Sauron]] could never match in orcs bred in later ages. Though Sauron knew of the Utûgi, they were never among his servants, as those that did not drown in [[Beleriand]] were put in deep slumber and did not awaken until the land itself was reshaped by great quakes that followed Sauron's own downfall.

{{references}}

[[Category:Orcs]]
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]

Umbar

2026-01-01T19:05:04Z

Malachi:

{{disambig-two|the Haven of Umbar|Quenya word|[[Umbar (word)|umbar]]}}
{{location infobox
| name=Umbar
| image=Turner Mohan - Umbar.jpg
| caption="Umbar" by [[:Category:Images by Turner Mohan|Turner Mohan]]
| pronun=
| othernames=City of the Corsairs
| location=The coasts of [[Middle-earth]], to the south of [[Gondor]] and west of [[Harad]]
| type=Haven
| description=Natural harbour used as a seaport
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=Variously held by the [[Númenóreans]], the [[Black Númenóreans]], the [[Gondorians]], the [[Corsairs]], and the [[Haradrim]]
| created=First fortified in {{SA|2280}}
| destroyed=
| events=[[Ar-Pharazôn]] captures [[Sauron]] [[Kin-Strife]] [[Corsair Wars]] [[Surprise Attack on Umbar]]
}}
'''Umbar''' was a realm<ref name="Herbs">{{TT|Herbs}}, statement of Damrod about Umbar, p. 659</ref> on the coast south of [[Gondor]] in [[Middle-earth]]. It included a great cape and a land-locked firth,<ref name="UmbarNote">{{App|Gondor}}, footnote concerning Umbar in the entry for king Eärnil I, p. 1044-5</ref> which formed a natural haven.<ref name="HM|UI">{{HM|UI}}, entry ''Umbar'', p. 466</ref> The name Umbar was used in conjunction with it being made into a great fortress,<ref name="SA2280">{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 2280, p. 1083</ref> it being laid siege to<ref name="Earnil">{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnil I, pp. 1044-5</ref> or it being invested.<ref name="Ciryaher">{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Ciryaher, p. 1045</ref> Since these statements imply a small fortified area, it is probable that Umbar was also the name of a fortified city in this realm.<ref>{{webcite|author=Michael Martinez|articleurl=https://middle-earth.xenite.org/what-is-the-meaning-of-umbar-the-city-name/|articlename=What is the Meaning of Umbar (the City Name)?|website=middle-earth.xenite.org|accessed=27 May 2024}}</ref>

==Geography==
Umbar was located south of the mouth of the river [[Anduin]] at the [[Bay of Belfalas]] in a natural haven that was formed by a peninsula that extended west from the coast of the [[Belegaer]] sea and then bent to the south and almost touched the coast that lay to its south. This form of the coastline left only a narrow entrance to the natural haven. The City of the Corsairs was at the easternmost point of the bay of Umbar.<ref name="GeneralMap">[[Christopher Tolkien]], [[General Map of Middle-earth]]</ref>

Umbar was the nearest of the realms of the Southrons to Gondor.<ref name="Herbs" /> It is possible that the realm of Umbar stretched along the coast up to the river [[Harnen]] and along the river Harnen as far its source in the [[Ephel Dúath]] before it became a part of Gondor or after it became an independent realm again, because Westron was still the native tongue in this area at the time of the [[War of the Ring]].<ref name="F1">{{App|Languages}}, first and second paragraph, p. 1127</ref>

It is possible that Umbar had a climate that was fluctuating between mild winters and very hot and dry summers.<ref>{{HM|AME}}, pp. 182-183</ref><ref group="note">J.R.R. Tolkien wrote on [[General Map of Middle-earth|his son's map of Middle-earth]] for [[Pauline Baynes]] that Umbar is approximately at the latitude of Cyprus and that Minas Tirith is approximately at the latitude of Ravenna, but more to the east near Belgrade. He wrote that these references are so that Pauline Baynes can roughly judge the climate and the fauna and flora for her [[A Map of Middle-earth|map of Middle-earth]]. In addition, he wrote in a [[Letter 294|letter to Charlotte and Denis Plimmer]] that the city of Pelargir is approximately at the latitude of ancient Troy. Cyprus is on the same latidue as Tangiers, a city in northwest Africa at the southern entrance to the Mediterranean Sea.</ref> It is also possible that Umbar had a vegetation of sparse woodlands,<ref>{{HM|AME}}, pp. 184-5</ref> because Umbar seems to have had the natural resources to build a fleet of fifty great ships and smaller vessels beyond count that had attacked Pelargir during the War of the Rings<ref name="Debate">{{RK|Debate}}, p. 875</ref> thirtynine years after Aragorn had burnt a great part of the ships of the Corsairs in the haven of Umbar.<ref name="Thorongil">{{App|Stewards}}, entry for Steward Ecthelion II and entry for Steward Denethor II, Denethor II succeeded his father in TA 2984 four years after Thorongil departed from Gondor after the attack, p. 1055</ref>

==History==
===Foundation and Númenórean rule===
It is possible that the bay of Umbar was discovered by [[Aldarion]], the son of the Númenórean king [[Tar-Meneldur]] when Aldarion scarcely escaped shipwreck in the Harad during a voyage with three ships,<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, in the first quarter of the chapter</ref> which lasted from {{SA|829}} to {{SA|843|n}}.<ref>{{UT|4a}}, ''Chronology'', first paragraph</ref> After [[Sauron]] heard that Aldarion had become a great shipbuilder who sailed his ships to haven far down into the Harad, he chose [[Mordor]] as a stronghold to counter the threat of landings by the Númenoreans.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}, ninth paragraph</ref>

After Sauron was defeated by an alliance of the Númenóreans and the Elves of [[Lindon]] and [[Eriador]] in the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]]<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> during the reign of Queen [[Tar-Telperiën]]<ref>{{UT|Kings}}, entry X ''Tar-Telperien''</ref> in {{SA|1700}},<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 1700</ref> he retreated from the coasts of Middle-earth and did not dare to challenge the Númenóreans for a long time.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}, twentyninth paragraph</ref>

Until the end of the reign of the Númenórean king [[Tar-Minastir]] in {{SA|1869}},<ref>{{UT|Kings}}, entry XI ''Tar-Minastir''</ref> the Númenóreans came to Middle-earth as teachers and friends of the local population.<ref name="AfterMinastir">{{App|Numenor}}, entry after the entry for Tar-Minastir, p. 1036</ref>

Approximately in {{SA|1800|n}} the Númenóreans began to establish dominions on the coasts,<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year ''c.'' 1800, p. 1083</ref> which possibly already included Umbar. It is possible that the son of Tar-Minastir, [[Tar-Ciryatan|Ciryatan]] sailed to Umbar, because he voyaged south before he took the sceptre from his father in {{SA|1869|n}}.<ref>{{UT|Kings}}, entry XII ''Tar-Ciryatan''</ref>

During the reign of the Númenórean kings [[Tar-Ciryatan]] and [[Tar-Atanamir]], who were both greedy for wealth, the Númenóreans formed two parties, the party of the [[Faithful]], who remained faithful to the [[Valar]] and maintained their friendship with the [[Elves]] and the party of the [[King's Men]], who followed the policy of the King to oppose the [[Ban of the Valar]] that forbade to sail to [[Aman]] and did not maintain the friendship with the Elves.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}, fifteenth to twentyfourth pargraph</ref> The King's Men sailed far away to the south of Middle-earth and established lordships and strongholds<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}, twentyeighth paragraph</ref> in Umbar, Harad and many other places on the coasts of Middle-earth.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{PM|Second}}, manuscript T4, entry for the years 2000-3000</ref> The Númenóreans in the service of Tar-Ciryatan and Tar-Atanamir oppressed the men of Middle-earth and levied heavy tribute from the men of the coasts and their ships brought back metals and gems from Middle-earth.<ref>{{UT|Kings}}, entry XII ''Tar-Ciryatan'' and entry XIII ''Tar-Atanamir''</ref> It is possible that Umbar was an important point from which tributes and other resources were shipped to Númenor.

After the [[Ringwraiths]] had appeared around the year {{SA|2251}}<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 2251, p. 1083</ref> and after the terror and mastery of Sauron over Men in Middle-earth had grown, Sauron began to attack the strongholds of the Númenóreans on the coasts of Middle-earth,<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}, thirtieth paragraph</ref>
but he was not yet able to conquer Umbar.<ref name="ReferenceA" /><ref>{{PM|Akallabeth}}, §30</ref>

Before he had married the queen of Númenor [[Tar-Míriel]] and ursurped her throne, the Númenórean king [[Ar-Pharazôn]] had been a leader in the wars of the Númenóreans on the coasts of Middle-earth.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}, thirtysixth paragraph</ref> During this time in Middle-earth he became aware of the strength of the realm of Sauron and of Sauron's hatred against Númenor. After his ursurpation of the throne, Ar-Pharazôn received reports that Sauron was attacking with his might, was pressing down on the cities by the coasts and had openly declared to intend to drive the Númenóreans into the sea and to destroy Númenor, Ar-Pharazôn prepared an army and an armada of ships.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}, thirtynineth and fourtieth paragraph</ref> In {{SA|3261|n}},<ref>{{App|SA}}, p. 1084</ref> Ar-Pharazôn landed with his armada at Umbar, marched with his army for seven days, and commanded Sauron to swear fealty to him. Sauron thought that he could not win by force, so he came and humbled himself before Ar-Pharazôn and was taken as a hostage to Númenor.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}, fourtyfirst and fourtysecond paragraph</ref> Umbar was remembered ever after with pride as the site of the landing of the Númenórean army that had humiliated Sauron.<ref>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for king Eldacar, p. 1047</ref>

After the Downfall of Númenor, Umbar remained in the hands of the Númenóreans, in essence a realm-in-exile alongside [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]]. But unlike these others, Umbar had been settled by the King's Men, who were afterwards called the [[Black Númenóreans]], who hated the Faithful Númenórean survivors of Arnor and Gondor.<ref name="UmbarNote" />

Two Black Númenórean lords, [[Herumor]] and [[Fuinur]], rose to power among the Haradrim at the end of [[Second Age]]. When Sauron prepared to attack Gondor in the [[War of the Last Alliance]], he also gathered servants from the south, including many Númenóreans, because many of them had sailed east from Númenor so settle on the coasts of Middle-earth in the time when Sauron had lived in Númenór had already served him there and continued to serve him in Middle-earth.<ref name="Rings">{{S|Rings}}</ref> Not all the servants of Sauron were killed at the end of the War of the Last Alliance<ref name="Rings" /> in {{SA|3429|n}}.<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 3429, p. 1085</ref> Some of them were routed and dispersed and many remembered Sauron in their hearts and hated Arnor and Gondor.<ref name="Rings" /> It is possible that Herumor and Fuinor were from Umbar - their fate is unknown, but it is possible that they died during the [[War of the Last Alliance]].

The fate of the other settlements of the Númenóreans further south of Umbar is unclear, but it is said that they were 'absorbed', and that no attempt was made to involve them in the wars. This could imply that they were simply too isolated, geographically and politically, and acting on their own behalf. Whatever befell them, they fell out of the picture of the West.<ref>{{UT|Istari}}</ref>

===Umbar as part of Gondor===
Gondor's King [[Eärnil I]] repaired the haven of [[Pelargir]], built a great navy and besieged Umbar by land and by sea.<ref name="Earnil" /> In {{TA|933}}, he took Umbar.<ref name="Third">{{App|TA}}, pp. 1085-6</ref> Umbar was only taken at great cost, because its Black Númenórean inhabitants as descendants of the King's Men inherited their hatred of Gondor as a realm of the followers of Elendil<ref name="UmbarNote" /> and probably defended Umbar vehemently because of that. As a result of the capture of Umbar by Gondor, the Black Númenórean lords of Umbar were driven from Umbar and Umbar became a great harbour and fortress of the power of Gondor.<ref name="Earnil" /> Only three years later, in {{TA|936|n}},<ref name="Third" /> King Eärnil was lost at sea with many ships and men in a great storm off Umbar.<ref name="Earnil" />

Eärnil's son [[Ciryandil]] continued to build ships.<ref name="Earnil" /> During his reign the Men of the Harad led by the Black Númenórean lords that had been driven from Umbar came with a large force and besieged Umbar.<ref>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Ciryandil, p. 1045</ref> In {{TA|1015|n}} Ciryandil was killed in the siege of Umbar.<ref name="Third" />

The siege of Umbar lasted for many years, but Umbar could not be taken, because of the sea-power of Gondor,<ref name="Ciryaher" /> probably because Umbar could be resupplied and reinforced with ships from Gondor by sea. Ciryandil's son [[Ciryaher]] took enough time to gather an army and a navy, came down by land crossing the river [[Harnen]] and by sea and utterly defeated the Men of the Harad<ref name="Ciryaher" /> in {{TA|1050|n}}.<ref name="Third" /> As a consequence, Ciryaher took the name Hyarmendacil "South-victor" and the kings of the Men of the Harad had to acknowledge the overlordsip of Gondor. During his reign the realm of Gondor extended south to the river Harnen and along the coast to the peninsula and haven of Umbar and the sons of the kings of the Harad lived as hostages in the court of king Ciryaher.<ref name="Ciryaher" />

After the capture of Umbar by Gondor, the Gondorians built a great white pillar on the highest hill of the headland above the Haven as a monument of the submission of Sauron to the Númenórean king Ar-Pharazôn. The pillar was crowned with a globe of crystal that reflected the rays of the sun and the moon and shone like a bright star that could be seen in clear weather even on the coasts of Gondor or far out upon the western sea.<ref>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eldacar, p. 1047</ref>

When King [[Valacar]] of Gondor grew old there was already a rebellion in the southern provinces. Some of the Dúnedain refused to accept his son [[Eldacar]] as their future King, because Eldacar had been born in a foreign country, had been named Vinitharya in a foreign language in his youth and they feared that Eldacar would have a shorter life, because his mother, who came from a foreign country and who they perceived to be of a "lesser" race had only had a short life compared to the longer life of the Dúnedain.<ref>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Valacar, p. 1046</ref> After the death of King Valacar in {{TA|1432|n}}, a civil war, called the [[Kin-strife]], began in Gondor.<ref name="Third" /> The people of the great havens of Umbar and Pelargir and of the coasts supported the Captain of Ships, [[Castamir]], who was one of those nearest by blood to the crown.<ref name="Eldacar">{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eldacar, pp. 1046-8</ref> In {{TA|1437|n}},<ref name="Third" /> Castamir deposed Eldacar, who fled to his kinfolk in [[Rhovanion]].<ref name="Eldacar" /> Ten years later, in {{TA|1447|n}},<ref name="Third" /> Eldacar returned from the north with a great army of Dúnedain from the northern parts of the realm and of Northmen, who had been in the service of Gondor and killed Castamir in a great battle at the crossings of the river [[Erui]]. However the sons of Castamir escaped to Pelargir and Eldacar besieged Pelargir<ref name="Eldacar" /> in {{TA|1447|n}}.<ref name="Third" />

===Corsairs of Umbar===
[[File:Ralph Damiani - Umbar Armada.jpg|thumb|''Umbar Armada'' by [[Ralph Damiani]]]]
In {{TA|1448}},<ref name="Third" /> after the sons of Castamir had gathered all the forces that they could in Pelargir, they sailed away to Umbar and established an independent lordship and a refuge for all enemies of the King of Gondor in Umbar.<ref name="Flight">{{App|Gondor}}, entry after the death of Castamir, p. 1047</ref> It is possible that the rebels took their wives and families with them to Umbar; they had held out long with others of their kin in Pelargir and were able to gather people at Pelargir because Eldacar had no ships to besiege Pelargir by sea. Umbar remained at war with Gondor for many lives of men and was a threat to the coastlands of Gondor and to all traffic on the sea. The region of [[Harondor|South Gondor]] became a debatable land between the kings of Gondor and the Corsairs of Umbar.<ref name="Flight" /> As a result of the loss of Umbar the control of Gondor over the Men of the Harad decreased.<ref name="Flight" />

After the Kin-strife often close relatives of the kings of Gondor who were suspected for treason or conspiring against the kings fled to Umbar and joined the rebels.<ref>{{App|Gondor}}, entry following the death of King Eärnur, p. 1052</ref>

In {{TA|1540|n}}, King [[Aldamir]] was killed in a war with the Harad and the Corsairs of Umbar.<ref name="Third" />

In {{TA|1551|n}}, his son<ref>{{App|South}}, entry for Hyarmendacil II (Vinyarion), p. 1038</ref> [[Hyarmendacil II]] defeated the Men of the Harad<ref name="Third" /> and crushed Umbar.<ref name="ElendilC">{{PM|Elendil}}, manuscript C, The Heirs of Elendil, The Southern Line of Gondor: the Anarioni, 25. Minardil, p. 199</ref>

The leaders of the Corsairs of Umbar, [[Angamaitë]] and [[Sangahyando]], the great-grandsons of Castamir, learned through spies that [[Minardil]], the [[King of Gondor]], was in the [[Gondor]]ian port of [[Pelargir]] and that he did not suspect any danger, because his father had crushed Harad and Umbar.<ref name="ElendilC" /> In {{TA|1634|n}},<ref name="Third" /><ref name="T4">{{PM|Third}}, manuscript T4, entry for the year 1634</ref> the Corsairs of Umbar, led by [[Angamaitë]] and [[Sangahyando]], made a raid up the river [[Anduin]], killed Minardil in Pelargir,<ref name="Telemnar">{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Telemnar, p. 1048</ref> ravaged [[Pelargir]] and the coasts and escaped with great booty.<ref name="ElendilC" />

During the reign of King [[Telumehtar]], Minardil's great-grand nephew, the Corsairs raided the coasts of Gondor as far as the [[Anfalas]]. As a consequence, Telumehtar gathered his forces and took Umbar by storm<ref name="Telumehtar">{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Telumehtar, p. 1048</ref> and drove out the Corsairs in {{TA|1810|n}}.<ref name="Third" /> The last descendants of Castamir died during that war. After the reconquest of Umbar Telumehtar added the title Umbardacil (Umbar-victor) to his name.<ref name="Telumehtar" />

Umbar was again held for a while by the kings of Gondor, but was again lost in the new evils that soon befell Gondor and fell into the hands of the Men of the Harad.<ref name="Telumehtar" /> It is possible that Umbar was held by the kings of Gondor at least until {{TA|1975|n}}. In {{TA|1899|n}},<ref name="Third" /> King [[Calimehtar]] was free from other dangers when he led an army out of [[Ithilien]] to the plain of [[Dagorlad]],<ref>{{UT|Northmen}}, sixth paragraph</ref> because his grandfather Teluhmetar had captured Umbar and smashed the power of the Corsairs and the peoples of Harad were occupied with wars and feuds of their own.<ref>{{UT|8e}}, note 9</ref> From that year to {{TA|1944|n}}, Gondor enjoyed a respite from war.<ref>{{UT|Northmen}}, seventh paragraph</ref> In {{TA|1944|n}},<ref name="Third" /> during the war with the [[Wainriders]], the [[Haradrim]] and the Men of [[Khand]] the southern army of Gondor was smaller, because the danger from the south was considered to be smaller,<ref>{{UT|Northmen}}, eleventh paragraph</ref> because assistance from Umbar for an attack on [[Ithilien]] by enemies proceeding from Near Harad was not avaible.<ref>{{UT|8e}}, note 14</ref> In the autumn of {{TA|1973|n}}, King Eärnil II felt sufficiently secure to be able to send aid to [[Arthedain]] and sent an army of power for a war of great kings, although it was just a small force of the whole army of Gondor, on so many ships that they could scarcely find harbourage, although they filled the [[Grey Havens]], [[Harlond]] and [[Forlond]].<ref>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnil II, p. 1050</ref> It seems unlikely that King Eärnil II would have felt sufficiently secure to send away such a large fleet from Gondor to the aid of Arthedain if he would have feared an attack on Gondor by ships from Umbar. It also seems unlikely that Gondor would not have been able to hold Umbar when it still had a fleet and a mighty army, because Umbar could not be taken in the past in the days of King [[Ciryaher]] during a siege by the Men of Harad that lasted for many years, because of the power of the fleet of Gondor.<ref name="Ciryaher" />

===Haradrim rule===
During the reign of Steward Cirion ({{TA|2489}}-{{TA|2567|n}}),<ref>{{App|South}}, ''Ruling Stewards'', year after Boromir and year after Cirion, p. 1039</ref> the Corsairs of Umbar attacked the coasts of Gondor.<ref>{{App|Gondor}}, ''The Stewards'', entry for Steward Cirion, p. 1053</ref>

In {{TA|2746|n}}, the 15th Prince of [[Dol Amroth]] was killed by the Corsairs of Umbar.<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, The House of Dol Amroth, entry for the 15th prince of Dol Amroth</ref>

The Corsairs spent a long time to prepare a great fleet. In {{TA|2758|n}} three fleets sailed from Umbar and [[Harad]] and landed at many places along the coasts of Gondor and even at the mouth of the river [[Isen]]<ref name="Beren">{{App|Stewards}}, ''The Stewards'', entries for Steward Beren and Steward Beregond, p. 1054</ref> and at the mouth of the river [[Lefnui]].<ref name="Helm">{{App|Eorl}}, entries about King Helm, p. 1066</ref> The troops from Umbar and Harad helped the Dunlendings who were led by [[Wulf]], the son of [[Freca]], a lord with wide lands on both sides of the river Adorn who was said to have much Dunlending blood and who had been killed by King Helm of Rohan, to invade Rohan from the west over the river Isen and down from Isengard.<ref name="Helm" /> Before the spring of {{TA|2759|n}}, [[Beregond (Steward of Gondor)|Beregond]], the son of Steward [[Beren (Steward of Gondor)|Beren]] defeated the Corsairs of Umbar and the Men of Harad that had invaded Gondor and subsequently sent troops to Rohan to help the Rohirrim to defeat the invaders.<ref name="Beren" /> As a result the Dunlendings were driven from Rohan and from Isengard.<ref>{{App|Eorl}}, entries about King Fréaláf, p. 1067</ref>

After the second arising of Sauron, Umbar fell under the domination of the servants of Sauron and the great white pillar that had been built on the highest hill of the headland above the haven by the followers of [[Elendil]] as a monument for the humiliation of Sauron by [[Ar-Pharazôn]] was thrown down.<ref name="Eldacar" /> It is possible that those servants of Sauron were Men of the Harad, because Umbar had fallen into the hands of the Men of the Harad.<ref name="Telumehtar" />

In {{TA|2980|n}}, [[Aragorn]] served Steward [[Ecthelion II]] as a captain in disguise under the name [[Thorongil]], gathered a small fleet, attacked Umbar by night, burned a great part of the ships of the Corsairs, overthrew the [[Captain of the Haven]] in a battle upon the quays and then withdrew his fleet with small losses.<ref name="Thorongil" />

===War of the Ring===
[[File:Per Sjögren - The Oath Fulfilled.jpg|thumb|''The Oath Fulfilled'' by [[:Category:Images by Per Sjögren|Per Sjögren]]]]
During the [[War of the Ring]], folk of Umbar and Harad had sailed up the river [[Gilrain]] to the city of [[Linhir]] and fought against men of [[Lamedon]] who defended the fords of the river. When [[Aragorn]] came to Linhir with the [[Oathbreakers|Army of the Dead]], both the defenders and the attackers fled to the east in the direction of [[Pelargir]]. The main fleet of Umbar consisting of fifty great ships and smaller vessels beyond count had sailed to Pelargir. Many of the rowing slaves that were chained to the oars of those ships were folk of Gondor that had been taken by the Corsairs of Umbar during raids. When the Army of the Dead reached Pelargir and came to the ships that were drawn up and to the ships that were anchored all the terrified mariners leaped overboard. Some ships had put off to try to escape down the river or to reach the far shore and many of the smaller craft were burning. Aragorn was able to capture the remaining ships, to man them with troops from [[Lebennin]], the [[Ethir Anduin]] and Lamedon and to row and sail them up the river [[Anduin]] to relief the city of [[Minas Tirith]] from the siege by the troops of Sauron.<ref name="Debate" />

After the [[War of the Ring]] the newly crowned king of the [[Reunited Kingdom]], Aragorn, made peace with the peoples of Harad.<ref>{{RK|Steward}}, p. 968</ref> It is possible that king Elessar completely subdued Umbar<ref name="Flight" /> in a war on the far fields of the South with the aid of king [[Éomer]] and the cavalry of the [[Rohan|Mark]].<ref>{{App|Mark}}, Third Line, last paragraph, p. 1071</ref>

==Culture==
===Politics and rule===
It is not known how the Númenórean colony of Umbar was ruled before the Downfall of Númenor when it was a stronghold of the King's Men who were afterwards called the Black Númenóreans. No "King of Umbar" is mentioned in the Annals of the Kings and Rulers after the Down fall of Númenor. It is possible that the Black Númenóreans regarded the Heirs of Elendil as usurpers. It is also possible that they did not decide on a new King as the successor of King Ar-Pharazôn, because they did not know if Ar-Pharazôn had survived the invasion of Aman and had achieved his desire of immortality there or had died in Aman or in the Drowning of Númenor.

It is not known, if [[Herumor]] and [[Fuinur]], who rose to power among the Haradrim in the wide lands south of Mordor,<ref name="Rings" /> were rulers of Umbar.

In {{TA|1634}}, Angamaitë and Sangahyando were the leaders of the Corsairs of Umbar.<ref name="ElendilC" />

At the time of the [[War of the Ring]] Umbar was occupied by hostile people whose lords were originally rebel Númenóreans and were currently pirates.<ref name="HM|UI" /> The names and the number of those lords who ruled Umbar during the War of the Rings are not known.

===Language===
In the course of the [[Third Age]] Westron had become the native language of nearly all [[Men]] that lived within the borders of the old kingdom of [[Gondor]], including all along the coasts from Umbar northward and inland as far as the [[Ephel Dúath]]. At the time of the [[War of the Ring]] Westron was still the native tongue in this area.<ref name="F1" /><ref>{{PM|Atani}}, penultimate paragraph and its preceeding paragraph</ref>

==Etymology==
The origin of the name ''Umbar'' was forgotten. Umbar already received its name before the ships of the Númenóreans sailed the sea.<ref>{{App|Men}}, sixth paragraph, p. 1129</ref> As a consequence, it is a name in one of the [[pre-Númenórean]] languages. Despite the coincidental similarity, the name Umbar is not related to the Quenya word ''[[Umbar (word)|umbar]]'', which means fate.<ref name="Names">{{App|Letters}}, Note, ''The names of the letters'', p. 1124</ref>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
{{Incomplete}}
The label "Havens of Umbar" is written below a bay that lies south of South Gondor near the bottom edge of the [[General Map of Middle-earth]] that was included in earlier editions of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''. The City of the Corsairs lies at the easternmost point of the bay of Umbar on this map.<ref name="GeneralMap" />

==Portrayal in adaptations==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Cape of Umbar map.jpg|thumb|right|Map of the Cape of Umbar in''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'' ]]
'''2023: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The City of the Corsairs is known properly as "Umbar Baharbêl", its realm also encompasses the Cape of Umbar and the few settlements upon it. Umbar has an extensive set of inhabited catacombs beneath it, the "Umbar-môkh", comparable in footprint to the city above. Offshore from the cape is the shipwreck-strewn archipelago called "Zirâr Tarka, the Shield Isles" of Umbar, home to castaways, exiles, and freebooters. The Umbari language is partially inspired by Maltese.

:After the defeat at [[Pelargir]] and the downfall of [[Sauron]], the Umbari people rebel against those those loyal to Sauron and the [[Haradrim]] "Empire of Ordâkh" occupying the city. Now a Free City, Umbar is ruled by a council of seven called the "Kindred of the Coins". At least some of the Kindred have designs against [[Gondor]], and so the players investigate on behalf of [[King of Gondor|King]] [[Aragorn|Elessar]] and [[Queen of Gondor|Queen]] [[Arwen]], while befriending and assisting the citizens.

==See also==
*[[Corsairs of Umbar]]
*[[Corsair Wars]]

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20201116031156/http://www.guildcompanion.com/scrolls/2003/feb/rethinkingumbar.html Rethinking Umbar] by [[Chris Seeman]]
*[https://nolondil.tumblr.com/post/174550667841/who-is-a-n%C3%BAmen%C3%B3rean Who Is a Númenórean?] by Nolondil (Ellie Keener)
*[https://middle-earth.xenite.org/were-the-corsairs-of-umbar-numenoreans/ Were the Corsairs of Umbar Numenoreans?] by [[Michael Martinez]]
*[https://middle-earth.xenite.org/what-is-the-meaning-of-umbar-the-city-name/ What is the meaning of Umbar (the City Name)?] by [[Michael Martinez]]
*[https://middle-earth.xenite.org/was-umbar-the-only-haven-sauron-controlled/ Was Umbar the Only Haven Sauron Controlled?] by [[Michael Martinez]]

{{references|n}}
{{FellowshipRoute}}
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages]]
[[Category:Regions of Gondor]]
[[Category:Harbours]]
[[Category:Mannish names]]
[[Category:Regions]]
[[Category:Southern lands]]

[[de:Umbar (Gebiet)]]
[[fi:Umbar]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/regions/umbar]]

Nimrodel

2026-01-01T18:56:30Z

Malachi:

{{sources}}
{{disambig-more|Nimrodel|[[Nimrodel (disambiguation)]]}}
{{infobox character
| name=Nimrodel
| people=[[Silvan Elves|Silvan Elf]]
| image=Līga Kļaviņa - Nimrodel.jpg
| caption="Nimrodel" by [[:Category:Images by Līga Kļaviņa|Līga Kļaviņa]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Lothlórien]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Silvan Elvish|Silvan]]
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=c. {{TA|1981}}
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=[[Amroth]] (betrothed)
| children=
| gender=Female
| height=
| hair=Possibly golden<ref>{{FR|II6}}</ref>
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}'''Nimrodel''' was an [[Elves|Elf]]-maid of [[Lothlórien]], beloved of [[Amroth]]. She travelled into the southern lands of [[Middle-earth]] and became lost in the [[White Mountains]] about {{TA|1981}}.

==History==
Nimrodel had lived in Lothlórien since well before the [[Sindar]] and [[Noldor]] came. She was unhappy with the newcomers, as she thought they would bring the turmoils of [[Middle-earth]] to the golden forest. She lived separately near [[Nimrodel (river)|the river that would later bear her name]], and spoke only her native tongue.

The only good thing she saw in Lórien was the Sinda [[Amroth]], the King of the wood. She loved him, and he her, but refused to marry him. After the [[Durin's Bane|Balrog]] awoke in nearby [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] in {{TA|1980}}, Nimrodel grew even uneasier in Lórien. She fled, and made her way to the edge of [[Fangorn Forest]], but could not enter it.

Amroth found her, and promised her peace. Together they would travel to [[Edhellond]], the port city in [[Belfalas]], and thence set sail to the [[Undying Lands]]. They were accompanied by a small staff of [[Silvan Elves]], including [[Mithrellas]]. All went well until they reached the [[White Mountains]]. The group became separated, and Amroth reached Edhellond well before the others. He decided to wait for his love aboard their ship.

When a storm broke loose and swept the ship out of port, Amroth leaped overboard, hoping to swim back to shore. But he was quickly taken by [[Belegaer]]'s strong currents and drowned.

Nimrodel, in the meantime, had settled for a while at the river [[Gilrain]], which reminded her of her home. She sat by the starlit stream and fell in a long deep sleep. After she woke, she journeyed further, but found no ship in [[Edhellond]], and Amroth was long gone. Whatever she did after was lost to time.

==Etymology==
Nimrodel means "Lady of the White Grotto".<ref name="UT">{{UT|Index}}</ref>

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| AMD | | | | | |AMD=[[Amdír]] ''d. {{SA|3434}}''}}
{{familytree| |!| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| AMR |~| NIM | |AMR=[[Amroth]] ''d. {{TA|1981}}''|NIM='''NIMRODEL''' ''fl. {{TA|1981}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

== Other versions of the legendarium ==
Before settling on ''Nimrodel'', other names considered for this character were '''''Linglorel''''', '''''Inglorel''''', '''''Nimladel''''', and '''''Nimlorel'''''.<ref>{{TI|XII}}</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Nimrodel.jpg|thumb|150px|Nimrodel in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
'''2015: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
: Nimrodel was put into her deep sleep by the River-maiden of [[Gilrain]] and had slept for many seasons before she awoke. After learning the fate of her beloved [[Amroth]], Nimrodel mourned him ever, never venturing far from the Bay in which he was lost and never taking off her mourning veil. Forgoing her name of old, she became known as '''Dorthaneth''' and eventually became the leader of "Avorrim", a small elven community lingering near and keeping watch over the now-abandoned [[Edhellond]]. In the years before the [[War of the Ring]] she visited [[Dol Amroth]] and became a close friend of [[Lothíriel]], daughter of Prince [[Imrahil]]. After the War, Queen [[Arwen]] helps Dorthaneth to deal with her grief, causing her to lift her veil and become Nimrodel once again.

==See also==
* [[Lay of Nimrodel]]
* [[:Category:Images of Nimrodel|Images of Nimrodel]]
{{references}}
[[Category:Silvan Elves]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]
[[de:Nimrodel (Elbe)]]
[[fi:Nimrodel (haltia)]]

Avari

2025-12-27T23:46:01Z

Malachi:

{{people infobox
| name=Avari
| image = Jenny Dolfen - Avari.jpg

| caption="Avari" by [[Jenny Dolfen]]
| pronun=
| othernames=[[Dark-elves]], The Unwilling, Wild Elves
| origin=Elves who refused to make the [[Great Journey]]
| location=[[Eriador]], [[Rhûn]], [[Taur-im-Duinath]], [[Vales of Anduin]]
| affiliation=
| rivalry=[[Eldar]]<ref name=WJA /><ref name=WJ377 />
| language=Various [[Avarin]] languages
| members=[[Morwë]], [[Nurwë]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=
| height=
| hair=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
{{Quote|But many refused [[Great Journey|the summons]], preferring the starlight and the wide spaces of Middle-earth to the rumour of the [[Two Trees of Valinor|Trees]]; and these are the Avari, the Unwilling.|''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Coming of the Elves and the Captivity of Melkor]]"}}

The '''Avari''' ([[Quenya|Q]]: "unwilling"; or "'''the Refusers'''"<ref>{{PM|Atani}}, p. 312</ref>) were a branch of [[Elves]] that refused to embark on the [[Great Journey]].

==Origins==
The original [[Elves]] that [[Awakening of the Elves|awakened]] in [[Cuiviénen]] numbered 144, in 72 pairs, and they were divided into three clans: the [[Minyar]], which had 14 members; the [[Tatyar]], which had 56 members; and the [[Nelyar]] (or [[Lindar]]), which had 74 members. These remained the rough proportions of the Elvish population up to the time of the [[Vala]] [[Oromë]]'s invitation to the Elves to come to [[Valinor]]. The Elves entered into a great debate on whether to follow Oromë into the west. Most of the Elves were persuaded to undertake this [[Great Journey]], including all of the Minyar, half of the Tatyar, and a little less than two-thirds<ref group=note>Specifically 28 of 56 Tatyarin and 46 of 74 Nelyarin Elves. Note that these are proportions of the number 144 that represents the Quendi as a whole, not exact counts of individuals.</ref> of the Nelyar. These Elves became known collectively as the [[Eldar]], and their clans became known by new names: the Minyar became the [[Vanyar]], the Tatyar became the [[Noldor]], and the Nelyar became the [[Teleri]].<ref name=WJ381>{{WJ|C}}, pp. 380-83</ref>

Those Elves who refused to take the Great Journey were called the Avari and they were not counted among the Eldar.<ref>{{S|3}}, p. 41</ref> Their initial population included a little more than one-third of all Quendi and was evenly divided between Tatyar and Nelyar.<ref group=note>Specifically 28 of the 56 Tatyar and 28 of the 74 Nelyar. Again, these values are proportions of 144, not headcounts.</ref><ref name=WJ381 /> Some of them, especially those who dwelt furthest from the waters of [[Cuiviénen]] and wandered in the hills, had not seen Oromë at his first coming, and knew only vague, fearful rumours of the Valar; lies of Melkor concerning Oromë and [[Nahar]] perhaps had a role.<ref>{{MR|Annals}}</ref> Many thus refused to depart from their own lands, and spread gradually throughout the wide lands of [[Middle-earth]]. According to a tradition, their leaders were [[Morwë]] of the Tatyar and [[Nurwë]] of the Nelyar. They were after known by the name "the Unwilling" because they refused the summons. It is not known to what extent the Tatyar and Nelyar among the Avari retained their original clan names after the First Sundering, but they did retain a memory of the old clans' existence and their relationship to their Eldar cousins.<ref name=WJ381 />

At the outset of the Great Journey, the Eldar outnumbered the Avari by a considerable margin. By the time the Great Journey was ended and [[Tol Eressëa]] was permanently anchored in the Bay of Eldamar the proportions had reversed, with Moriquendi (including the Úmanyar) outnumbering Amanyar by nearly as much as the Eldar had originally outnumbered the Avari.<ref group=note>Initially the proportion was 88 Eldar to 56 Avari (61% to 39%); at journey's end it was 62 Amanyar to 82 Moriquendi and Úmanyar (43% to 57%).</ref><ref name=WJ381 />

==History==
It is believed that some of the Avari were corrupted by [[Melkor]] (or had become evil and savage in the wild) in ancient days to become the progenitors of the race of [[Orcs]].<ref>{{S|3}}</ref><ref name=sindar>{{S|Sindar}}</ref>

Over time, many Avari wandered westwards. Some mingled with the [[Nandor]] of the [[Vales of Anduin]], and others entered [[Eriador]].<ref name=WJA>{{WJ|Author}}, pp. 409-410</ref> Some time after the [[Green-elves|Laiquendi]] settled in [[Beleriand]], some Avari "crept in small and secret groups into Beleriand from the South." Most of these Avari remained secretive and isolated from the other Elves, living in caves and deep in the forests, but rarely an Avar would be accepted into Sindarin society.<ref name=WJ377>{{WJ|B}}, p. 377</ref> A few Avari wandered the dark and gloomy forest of [[Taur-im-Duinath]].<ref name=bel>{{S|Beleriand}}</ref><ref name=index>{{S|Index}}</ref>

The [[Edain]] who travelled to the [[West]] first met the Avari of all the Elves, and were taught from their language, which influenced theirs.<ref>{{S|17}}</ref> They taught them many of the basic crafts of civilization, though the craft of the Eldar surpassed that of the Avari, even more than that of the Avari surpassed primitive [[Men]].<ref>{{S|12}}</ref>

It is told that no Avari were to be found west of the [[Misty Mountains]] during the late [[Third Age]].<ref>{{PE|17}}, p. 53</ref>

==Culture==
[[File:Peter Xavier Price - Avari Elf.jpg|thumb|left|"Avari Elf" by [[Peter Xavier Price]]]]
In the First Age, the Avari are said to have viewed the Eldar with jealousy and disdain and treated them with hostility, even treachery, owing to their deep and inherited bitterness.<ref name=WJA /> In Beleriand most Avari remained secretive and isolated from the other Elves, living in caves and deep in the forests, but rarely an Avar would be accepted into Sindarin society.<ref name=WJ377/> However, this seems to have varied among different groups of Eldar and Avari – the Tatyarin Avari are said to have especially disliked the [[Noldor]] who returned from Aman, believing them to be deserters, but the Nelyarin Avari established close and friendly relations with their [[Nandor]] and [[Sindar]] kin, particularly in [[Eriador]] and the [[Vales of Anduin]], to the point that they "often became merged together" (cf. the [[Galadhrim]]).<ref name=WJ381 />
===Tribes===
Six tribes of Avari are mentioned in the [[Third Age]], and their names are all cognates of the [[Primitive Quendian]] word [[Quendi|Kwendî]] (''the Speakers''): '''[[Kindi]]''', '''[[Cuind]]''', '''[[Hwenti]]''', '''[[Windan]]''', '''[[Kinn-lai]]''', '''[[Penni]]'''.<ref>{{WJ|Author}}, Note 9</ref>

===Languages===
{{main|Avarin}}
The Avari had many tribes and greatly varied languages, widely sundered from one another.<ref>{{WJ|Quendi}}, p.410</ref> The names above are the only certain [[Avarin]] words ever mentioned by the Loremasters.

== Etymology ==
''Avari'' is the plural of ''Avar'', meaning "Refuser", from ''[[ABA]]'' ("refuse") and of the agent suffix ''[[-ro|-r]].'' The [[Telerin]] word ''[[Abari]]'' has this same etymology.<ref name="WJ|A">{{WJ|A}}</ref>

==Other names==
{{pronounce|Quenya - Avari.mp3|Gilgamesh}}
The Avari were called ''[[Abari]]'' in [[Telerin]];<ref name=WJB>{{WJ|B}}</ref> they were also called ''[[Moripendi]]'' (an equivalent of [[Quenya]] ''[[Moriquendi]]'' which referred to the [[Sindar]] as well).<ref name="WJ|A"/>

In [[Sindarin]], they were called ''Evair'', ''[[Morben]]'' or ''Mornedhel''.<ref name=WJB/>

The term [[Dark Elves]] usually referred to the Avari. In the period of the [[Exile of the Noldor]], "Dark Elves" referred to the Elves of Middle-earth other than the [[Noldor]] and the [[Sindar]], thus being equivalent to the Avari and the [[Nandor]].<ref name=index/>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In ''[[Book of Lost Tales]]'', the [[Hisildi]] were a tribe of Elves that never left ''"Koivië-Néni"''.

In older versions of the legendarium, the name ''Avari'' was originally that of the later [[Eldar]], then meaning "the departing".<ref>{{LR|Lhammas}}</ref>{{rp|136}}

In other, relatively late writings, a brief idea was that the Avari did not come from the three clans, but from two other additional clans, led by [[Morwë and Nurwë]]. This idea was later dropped. In the final conception, the [[Elves]] were divided into three tribes.

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2024: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Kintai.jpg|thumb|The Avari in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
:The Avari are found in the land of [[Near Harad]], or "Shagâna" as it is called by the locals, living within its oasises and forests. They speak not the name given to them by the [[Eldar]], considering it an insult (as it is not covered by the game's license), and call themselves Tárthai (Those Who Remained). The particular branch encountered in Near Harad are known Avabár-kinta (People Without Home), or simply '''Kintai'''. They seek not to travel west either in life or after death, believing that the way there is forever closed to them, and have developed an elaborate system of beliefs and rituals regarding their fate after death, whether through fading or through violence in battle. The Wise who journey through those lands eventually reveal to some of the Kinta that some of what they believe is not entirely true.

==External links==
*[http://www.uib.no/People/hnohf/avarin.htm Avarin languages at Ardalambion]

{{references|notes}}
{{elves}}
[[Category:Avari]]
[[Category:Elven peoples]]
[[Category:Moriquendi]]
[[Category:Quenya demonyms]]
[[de:Avari]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/avari]]
[[fi:Avari]]

Kinn-lai

2025-12-27T23:45:33Z

Malachi:

{{people infobox
| name=Kinn-lai
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| origin=
| location=
| affiliation=
| rivalry=
| language=one of the many [[Avarin]] languages
| members=
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=
| height=
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
'''Kinn-Lai''' was a term used by some [[Avari]] to describe themselves. It is unknown if the name "Kinn-Lai" was applied o a particular group of Avari specifically or to all Avari as a whole.
==Etymology==
It is an [[Avarin]] word meaning "the People". It derives from [[Primitive Quendian]] ''[[kwende|kwendī]]''.<ref name=Author>{{WJ|Author}}, Note 9, p. 410</ref> The suffix ''-lai'' may be related to [[Quenya]]n ''[[lië]]'' "people", coming from the [[root]] LI (whence also Quenyan ''[[-li]]'') by A-infixion, attested in the primitive language.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=https://folk.uib.no/hnohf/avarin.htm |articlename=Avarin: All Six Words|dated=|website=[[Ardalambion]] [https://ardalambion.net/]|accessed=2024-02-11}}: "The stem ''LI'', the source of Quenya ''lië'', may have produced '''lai''' by A-infixion (well attested in the primitive language)."</ref>

==See also==
* [[Kindi]]
* [[Cuind]]
* [[Hwenti]]
* [[Windan]]
* [[Penni]]

==Portrayal in adaptations==

'''1982-97: ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]'':'''
: ''Kinn-lai'', an articulation of "Quendi" (the most ancient name of the Elves), is also the name of a tribe of Avari Elves of the jungles of the [[Mûmakan]] in the Utter South of Middle-earth.<ref>{{ICE|2026}}, p. 18</ref>

'''2024: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Kintai.jpg|thumb|The Kintai in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
:The branch of Avari corresponding to the Kinn-lai are found in the land of [[Near Harad]], or "Shagâna" as it is called by the locals, and call themselves Avabár-kinta (People Without Home), or simply '''Kintai'''. They seek not to travel west either in life or after death, believing that the way there is forever closed to them, and have developed an elaborate system of beliefs and rituals regarding their fate after death, whether through fading or through violence in battle. The Wise who journey through those lands eventually reveal to some of the Kinta that some of what they believe is not entirely true.

{{references}}
[[Category:Avarin words]]
[[Category:Avari]]
[[Category:Elven peoples]]

Blacklocks

2025-12-27T23:41:33Z

Malachi: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

{{people infobox
| name=Blacklocks
| image = Daniel Falconer - Blacklock dwarf.png
| caption="[[:File:Daniel Falconer - Blacklock dwarf.png|Blacklock dwarf]]" by [[Daniel Falconer]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| origin=
| location=[[Rhûn]]<ref>{{PM|X}}, pp. 301, 322 (note 24)</ref>
| affiliation=[[Stonefoots]]
| rivalry=
| language=[[Khuzdul]]
| members=
| lifespan=c. 250 years<ref name=PMAiv>{{PM|Aiv}}</ref>
| distinctions=
| height=
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
The '''Blacklocks''' were one of the seven houses of the [[Dwarves]] that dwelt in [[Rhûn]]. They were originally paired with the [[Stonefoots]].<ref>{{PM|X}}, pp. 301, 322 (note 24)</ref>

The locations of the four [[Dwarves|Dwarven]] clans, including the Blacklocks, who lived in the [[East]] are unknown. The distance between their mansions in the East and the [[Misty Mountains]], specifically [[Gundabad]], was said to be as great or greater than that of Gundabad's distance from the [[Blue Mountains]] in the West.<ref>{{PM|Dwarves}}, p. 301</ref>

It is possible that the Blacklocks were among the "''Houses of other Fathers''" who sent troops to help [[Durin's Folk]] in the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]].<ref>{{App|A3}}</ref>

Late in the [[Third Age]], when war and terror grew in the [[East]] itself, considerable numbers of Blacklocks and dwarves of the Eastern clans left their ancient homelands. They sought refuge in Middle-earth's western lands, where some of them may have met [[Frodo Baggins]].<ref>{{FR|Shadow}}</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==

'''1982-97: ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]'':'''
: The unnamed Dwarven tribes were given invented names in an early supplement.<ref>{{ICE|8004}}</ref> While these were published before the publication of Tolkien's late note on the name of the Dwarven houses of the East, it has been suggested that the Blacklocks could correspond to '''Drúin's Tribe''' (as portrayed in ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing|MERP]]'').<ref>[[Thomas Morwinsky]], "A Brief History of the Dwarven Mansions", in ''[[Other Minds]]'' issue 4 (July 2008)</ref>

'''2002-5: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Roleplaying Game]]'':'''
: The House corresponding to the Blacklocks is called '''Var's Folk''', said to wander the lands of the East and South. Their beards are "''black as coal and thick as wire, often left tangled and unkempt''".<ref>{{D|M}}</ref>

'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''
: [[Dwalin]] and [[Thorin]] mentioned Thorin, the heir of [[Durin]] having a meeting with his [[Dwarves|kin]], with "envoys from the Seven Kingdoms", the same number as the Houses of the Dwarves, and also [[Dwarves of the Iron Hills]]. It's unspecified on why Thorin had a meeting with all houses of the Dwarves, however it's likely for the purpose of declaring war on [[Smaug]] and to reclaim his homeland.

'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Blacklocks.jpg|thumb|right|The "Temámir" in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]

: The House corresponding to the Blacklocks is called the '''Temámir'''. Dark-skinned with raven-black hair, they are considered the wisest of the Seven Houses; their banners display a quill and written scrolls. The Temámir are described as being more prone to voyaging than other dwarves, even over sea. Their [[Seven Rings|Ring]] was either "Taurya", which was reclaimed by Sauron, or "Tulcya", which was consumed by the [[Dragons|dragon]] "Thostír the Rank".

: The Temámir originate from the south, and have strongholds in [[Near Harad]] and [[Umbar]]. At the beginning of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]], they were led by "King Brítu the Redeful". By the time of the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], all that remained of the royal line was young princess "Jegín", who became King and ruled through the [[War of the Ring]] and its aftermath. After Azanulbizar, the [[Longbeards]] gave to the Temámir some of their halls in the [[White Mountains]] that they could no longer maintain. During the War of the Ring, these dwarves shut their gates and did not participate. Once the danger had passed, they emerged to take part in rebuilding [[Gondor]], for a price.

{{references}}
{{dwarvenclans}}

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Halbarad.jpg

2025-12-27T23:29:55Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Halbarad.jpg

==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-Standingstone}}
[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online]]
[[Category:Images of Halbarad]]

Near Harad

2025-12-27T23:25:52Z

Malachi: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

{{location infobox
| name=Near Harad
| image=Christopher_Tolkien_-_Map_of_Harad.jpg
| caption=Map of Harad by [[Christopher Tolkien]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=South of [[Mordor]], east of the [[Harnen]], south-west of [[Khand]]
| type=Region
| description=Landlocked desert
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Haradrim]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Near Harad''' was an indefinite region of [[Harad]] that lay to the south of [[Gondor]] and [[Mordor]], beyond the River [[Harnen]].<ref>[[General Map of Middle-earth]]</ref>

Near Harad was home to [[camels]] and, in the South, [[Oliphaunts]].<ref>{{webcite|website=TS|articleurl=http://www.tolkiensociety.org/2015/11/tolkiens-annotated-map-of-middle-earth-transcribed|articlename=Tolkien’s annotated map of Middle-earth transcribed|dated=10 November 2015|accessed=11 November 2015}}</ref>

Its inhabitants were enemies of Gondor during parts of its history. Once men of Near Harad made an alliance with those of [[Khand]] and with the [[Wainriders]] to attack Gondor. King [[Ondoher]] anticipated their strike, and created a [[Southern Army]] to defend his land against them. Under the command of [[Eärnil II|Eärnil]], the Southern Army destroyed the army of Harad in [[South Ithilien]].<ref>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Ondoher</ref><ref name="Cirion">{{UT|Northmen}}, including note 14</ref> It seems likely that many of the [[Haradrim]] who troubled Gondor, actually were men of Near Harad.

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''1982-1997: ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]'':'''
:Several settlements, sites, hills and rivers in Near Harad are mentioned in the MERP module ''[[Southern Gondor: The Land]]''.<ref>{{ICE|2021}}</ref>

'''2024: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Near Harad map.jpg|thumb|Map of Near Harad in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
:The land called Near Harad by [[Gondor]]ians is known to its inhabitants as "Shagâna", the Fair Land. The first explorable half of Shagâna, the valley of river "Ikorbân", was added with the ''Legacy of [[Morgoth]]'' expansion in 2024. The second half, "Mûr Ghala, the Ridge of Plenty", was released with the ''Kingdoms of Harad'' expansion in 2025. Unlike the scorched arid lands of "Jarmát", or [[Far Harad]], Shagâna has more temperate climate and features a mix of river valleys, wetlands, and forests as well as arid highlands, deserts, and rocky canyons. [[Avari|Kintai]] [[elves]] and [[Blacklocks|Temámir]] [[dwarves]] live in Shagâna along with the humans but remain secluded and rarely deal with the outsiders.

: Shagâna had contended with invaders for much of its history, whether they came from [[Númenor]], [[Gondor]], [[Umbar]], [[Khand]], or [[Far Harad]]. For much of the [[Third Age]], a sovereign kingdom of Hamât ruled much of Shagâna, though its exact reach ebbed and flowed over time. It finally fell around {{TA|2820}}, when all of Shagâna was conquered by the southern Empire of Ordâkh from [[Far Harad]], who brought with it forced worship of the Church of [[Sauron]]. The Shagâni were oppressed but remembered their history, and when news came of the defeat of Sauron and the death of the [[Black serpent|Ordâkhai Hûl (King)]] were quick to push out the Ordâkhai and begin to reassert their independence. The Empire of Ordâkh, though diminished in land and power, was quick to reassert itself under a new Hûl, leading to renewed hostilities in Shagâna by summer of [[Third Age 3019]].

==External links==
*[http://www.lindefirion.net/maps/harnendor.jpg Fanon map of Near Harad] by Sampsa Rydman
{{references}}

[[Category:Southern lands]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Near Harad map.jpg

2025-12-27T23:25:14Z

Malachi: == Summary == {{Fairuse-Standingstone}} Category:Maps from The Lord of the Rings Online Category:Maps of Harad

== Summary ==
{{Fairuse-Standingstone}}
[[Category:Maps from The Lord of the Rings Online]]
[[Category:Maps of Harad]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Durin's Bane.jpg

2025-12-27T22:56:45Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Durin's Bane.jpg

==Licensing==

{{Fairuse-Standingstone}}

[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online]]

[[Category:Images of Durin's Bane]]

Oliphaunts

2025-12-27T22:50:05Z

Malachi:

{{disambig-more|Oliphaunt|[[Oliphaunt (disambiguation)]]}}
[[File:Alan Lee - Oliphaunt.jpg|thumb|250px|''Oliphaunt'' by [[Alan Lee]]]]
'''Oliphaunts''' were enormous animals, similar to [[elephants]], used in the [[War of the Ring]] by the allies of [[Sauron]]. Whether they are true elephants or not is somewhat unclear.

==Characteristics==
Oliphaunts lived in [[Near Harad|Near]] or [[Far Harad|Far]] [[Harad]], south of [[Mordor]],<ref>{{webcite|website=TS|articleurl=https://www.tolkiensociety.org/app/uploads/2015/11/transcribed-map.jpg|articlename=Tolkien’s annotated map of Middle-earth transcribed|dated=10 November 2015|accessed=26 September 2022}}</ref> where the [[Haradrim]] called them '''''Mûmakil'''''.<ref name=PE17>{{PE|17}}, entry '''mûmak''', p. 88</ref> Massive, often ferocious beasts, their legs were like trees, their bodies were larger than a house, they had enormous sail-like ears, and they had a long snout like a huge serpent.<ref name=Herbs>{{TT|Herbs}}, pp. 661-662</ref> Somehow the Haradrim tamed them and the result was possibly the most brutally effective beast of war that Middle-earth ever saw.

The Haradrim strapped towers on the backs of these beasts and rode on them into battle. The ''mûmak'' itself, enraged and goaded by its cruel Haradrim masters, would charge through the enemy, trampling archer, swordsman and horse beneath its massive feet.<ref name=Herbs/>

Killing a ''mûmak'' was almost impossible - its rough, leathery hide made arrows relatively harmless.<ref name=Herbs/> Horses had a natural fear of the ''mûmakil'' so even the most skilled horsemen could not get close enough to strike at its great, trunk-like legs. The only known way to defeat an oliphaunt was to shoot it in the eye, which typically meant standing in front of it as it charged the archer, and thus a very difficult task to perform.<ref name=Battle>{{RK|Battle}}, pp. 843, 846 and 849</ref>

==History==
Due to their habitation in the far south, oliphaunts were creatures of legend to the inhabitants of the [[Westlands]]. The [[Hobbits]] had an old [[Oliphaunt|poem]] about oliphaunts,<ref>{{AB|Preface}}</ref> which [[Samwise Gamgee]] recited to [[Gollum]] in [[Ithilien]].<ref name=Gate>{{TT|Gate}}, p. 646</ref>

On [[7 March]] {{TA|3019}}<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, March 7, p. 1093</ref> [[Faramir]] led the [[Rangers of Ithilien]] on an ambush against a contingent of Haradrim marching north. This battle was witnessed by [[Frodo Baggins]] and Sam, and they saw an oliphaunt in full charge. The maddened animal had smashed its war-tower in its rush through the woods; unguided it trampled soldiers of both sides until it disappeared from view.<ref name=Herbs/>

During the [[Siege of Gondor]], beginning on [[14 March]],<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, March 14, p. 1093</ref> oliphaunts were used to drag war towers and engines to be used against the walls of [[Minas Tirith]].<ref>{{RK|Siege}}, p. 828</ref> On [[15 March]],<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, March 15, p. 1093</ref> in the subsequent [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]], oliphaunts were used as rallying points for the Haradrim after the [[Rohirrim]] had charged into the fray. Eventually the great beasts were defeated as the forces of the West won the battle, but both [[Derufin]] and [[Duilin (son of Duinhir)|Duilin]], the sons of [[Duinhir]] of [[Morthond]] were trampled when they led their archers to shoot at the eyes of the oliphaunts.<ref name=Battle/>

After the defeat of Sauron when Frodo and Sam had been rescued and brought to the [[Field of Cormallen]], Sam wandered in the glades near [[Henneth Annûn]], hoping to see the oliphaunt he had seen before, but to no avail.<ref>{{RK|Cormallen}}, p. 957</ref>

==Etymology==
The word '''''oliphaunt''''' was an archaic form of the word ''elephant'' used as a rusticism in the [[Shire]].<ref name=Nomenclature>{{HM|N}}, p. 761 and p. 460</ref> It was used by [[Sam]] and [[Frodo]]<ref name=Gate/> and by [[Bilbo]].<ref>{{RK|Partings}}, p. 987</ref>

The english word ''oliphant'' is derived from Old French ''olifant''. The ''o'' is probably derived from [[Old English]] ''olfend'' ("elephant") or from Old High German ''olbenta'' ("camel").<ref name=Nomenclature/>

Oliphant/olifant/olifaunt had been archaic words for elephant and their ivory. The most famous use of the oliphant (as in horn) is in ''[[wikipedia:The Song of Roland|The Song of Roland]]'' "The oliphant is set to Roland's Lips"; Roland fails to call for help at the Battle of Roncevaux in 778 until it is too late for him and his comrades.

[[Gandalf]] mentions elephants once in ''[[The Hobbit]]'',<ref>{{H|2}}</ref> so perhaps "oliphaunt" is a [[Hobbitish]] corruption of this original word. But whether these two creatures are the same cannot be said with certainty.

==Other names==
The name '''''mûmak''''' (plural '''''mûmakil''''') was a name in a language of the Men of Harad for a great elephant.<ref name=PE17/> This name and its plural were also used by the [[Men]] of [[Gondor]].<ref name=Herbs/>

In [[Sindarin]], the word for elephant was '''''annabon''''', and in [[Quenya]] '''''andamunda''''', both terms meant "long-snout".<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, entry "MBUD'"</ref>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
A draft version of what would later become [[Appendix F]] mentions that the name ''mûmak'' of the great elephant of the Harad is a name from the speech of Men of the East and allies of Sauron.<ref>{{PM|Languages}}, typescript F4, p. 79</ref>

==Portrayals in adaptations==
'''1968: [[The Hobbit (1968 radio series)|''The Hobbit'' (1968 radio series)]]:'''
:Gandalf's line "Great elephants!" was replaced by "Great oliphaunts"; this was one of several uses of material from ''The Lord of the Rings''.

'''1980: [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]:'''
:[[File:Mumakil.jpg|thumb|Oliphaunts as portrayed in Peter Jackson's ''The Lord of the Rings'' film trilogy.]]The oliphaunts are depicted as large wooly mammoth-like creatures and are the beasts that pull [[Grond (battering ram)|Grond]] into position.

'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''
:Two oliphaunts appear in the ambush in [[Ithilien]]. They are CGI-created, and they are significantly larger than today's elephants. They have rather elongated skulls compared to real-life elephants, which is likely based on ''Gomphotherium'', an extinct relative of elephants. Their tusks consist of a long pair of maxillary tusks growing downwards and curving up at the top (not unlike mammoths), a pair of shorter mandibular tusks (again, like in ''Gomphotherium'') and a very small pair of tusks growing from the cheekbones. They have small ears, an arching back and long limbs.
:They are seen mounted with war harnesses, carrying at least a dozen Haradrim. When they're attacked by Gondorians, they panic and flee, but none of them are seen to be killed in the attack.

'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''
:Oliphaunts are used in the scenes from the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields|Battle of Pelennor Fields]], mounted with towers and decorated with red war paint and deadly spikes on their multiple tusks. Otherwise, their appearance is unaltered from the previous film. The [[Rohirrim]] charge headlong into battle, and even pass under them. Later in the battle, [[Legolas]] shoots down an oliphaunt. Several oliphaunts were killed during the battle.

:[[Weta Workshop|Weta]] made a large slain prop ''mûmak'' at almost the last minute, much to Weta staff's consternation, on request by the director [[Peter Jackson]]. It appears in the scene where [[Peregrin Took]] enters the field and locates the dazed and disoriented [[Meriadoc Brandybuck]] after his experience with [[Éowyn]] in successfully slaying the [[Witch-king]] of [[Angmar]]. The prop became a favourite picnic destination for crew members.

==Portrayal in adaptations==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Mumak.jpg|thumb|left|A mûmak in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'', with [[Minas Tirith]] in background]]
'''2015: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The Mûmakil originate in [[Far Harad]], where they are bred and trained for battle by the [[Haradrim]]. The specimens brought to the [[Pelennor Fields]] are at least 12-15 meters tall, much larger than the mammoths found in the cold northern regions of [[Middle-earth]] in the game. When the players finally reach [[Harad]] themselves, the mûmakil they encounter are much smaller than the ones they've previously seen, comparable in size to real life mammoths and elephants. It is explained that the Haradrim have taken all of the adults that they could find to the war, and that the only ones left behind are the juveniles.

{{references}}
[[de:Mûmakil]]
[[fr:encyclo:biologie:faune:mumakil]]
[[fi:Olifantit]]
[[Category:Animals]]
[[Category:Mannish words]]
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]
[[Category:Westron words]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Mumak.jpg

2025-12-27T22:49:14Z

Malachi: == Summary == {{Fairuse-Standingstone}} Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online Category:Images of Oliphaunts

== Summary ==
{{Fairuse-Standingstone}}
[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online]]
[[Category:Images of Oliphaunts]]

Castamir

2025-12-27T22:28:56Z

Malachi: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

{{infobox character
| people=[[Gondorians|Gondorian]]
| name=Castamir
| image=Matěj Čadil - Castamir the Usurper of Gondor.jpg
| caption="Castamir the Usurper of Gondor" by [[:Category:Images by Matěj Čadil|Matěj Čadil]]
| pronun=
| othernames="The Usurper"
| titles=[[Captain of Ships]], [[Kings of Gondor|King of Gondor]]
| position=
| location=[[Gondor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Westron]]
| birth={{TA|1259}}
| birthlocation=
| rule={{TA|1437}} – {{TA|1447|n}} (10 years)
| death={{TA|1447}}
| deathlocation=
| age=188
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Anárion]]
| parentage=''unknown'', grandfather [[Calimehtar (son of Calmacil)|Calimehtar]]
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Castamir "The Usurper"''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈkastamir]}}; {{TA|1259}}<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}</ref> – {{TA|1447|n}},<ref>{{App|South}}</ref> aged 188 years) usurped the throne of [[Gondor]] from [[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]], ruling from {{TA|1437|n}} to {{TA|1447|n}}, until he was violently deposed.

==History==
Castamir was the grandson of [[Calimehtar (son of Calmacil)|Calimehtar]], the younger son of [[Calmacil (King of Gondor)|Calmacil]], the eighteenth [[Kings of Gondor|King of Gondor]]. Although not a direct heir to the throne he was a noble of realm and became the [[Captain of Ships]].

When [[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]] ascended to the throne in {{TA|1432}} a civil war broke out in [[Gondor]]. Eldacar's mother had been [[Vidumavi]], a princess from [[Rhovanion]] and not of [[Númenórean]] descent. It was unheard of for an heir to the throne to come from one of an alien and lesser race, as viewed by the [[Dúnedain]], and many feared that her shorter lifespan would diminish the majesty of the Kings. Before Eldacar's ascension rebellion brewed in Gondor, especially in the southern parts, and when he became King full civil war broke out, called the [[Kin-strife]].<ref>{{App|TA}}</ref>

Castamir joined the rebellion and being nearest in blood to the crown as well as having the greatest following (due to his support by the people of the coasts and havens of [[Pelargir]] and [[Umbar]]) he became its leader. He led the rebel forces that besieged Eldacar in [[Osgiliath]] and forced the King to flee to his kinsfolk in Rhovanion. The nature of Castamir's character became apparent during the long siege for he not only caused slaughter and destruction in Osgiliath beyond the demands of war, he also had [[Ornendil]], Eldacar's son, put to death when the city fell.

In Eldacar's absence, Castamir seized the throne. After having shown great cruelty during the war, he further alienated his subjects by being haughty and ungenerous. He also planned to remove the King's seat to Pelargir, a proposal that lowered Castamir in the eyes of the people of [[Minas Anor]] and [[Ithilien]].

In the north, Eldacar forged an army composed of his kinsfolk, those Northmen who had been in the service of Gondor, and a growing number of disaffected Dúnedain from the northern parts of the realm. In {{TA|1447}} Eldacar marched south and his army was augmented by folks from [[Calenardhon]], [[Anórien]], and Ithilien. Castamir's forces met Eldacar's army in [[Lebennin]] where the [[Battle of the Crossings of Erui]] was fought. Much of the best blood of Gondor was lost in the fray. Eldacar himself slew Castamir in the fight and thus reclaimed his Kingship.

However, Castamir's sons escaped from the battle and withdrew their father's forces into Pelargir. There they withstood a siege until they could sail away to Umbar. This city and haven became a lordship independent of Gondor and a refuge for all enemies of the realm, a threat that would last for centuries.<ref>{{App|Gondor}}</ref>

==Etymology==
''Castamir'' is [[Quenya]]. Its meaning is not glossed, but as Paul Strack explains, the final element of this name is probably ''[[mírë]]'' ("jewel").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-1935153091.html|articlename=Q. ''Castamir'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=29 October 2021}}</ref>

The first element, ''casta'', is not translated, but it could be a variant of ''[[cassa]]'' "helmet". In that case, his name means "helmet-jewel" or "jewelled helmet".

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | CAL | | | | |NAR=[[Narmacil I]] ''{{TA|1049|n}} - {{TA|1294|n}}''|CAL=[[Calmacil (King of Gondor)|Calmacil]] ''{{TA|1058|n}} - {{TA|1304|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |}}
{{familytree | VID | | ROM | | CAL | | |VID=[[Vidugavia]] ''unknown''|ROM=[[Rómendacil II]] ''{{TA|1126|n}} - {{TA|1366|n}}''|CAL=[[Calimehtar (son of Calmacil)|Calimehtar]] ''unknown''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |!| | | |:| | | |}}
{{familytree | VID |y| VAL | | |:| | | |VID=[[Vidumavi]] ''d. {{TA|1332|n}}''|VAL=[[Valacar]] ''{{TA|1194|n}} - {{TA|1432|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | |:| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | ELD | | | | CAS | | |ELD=[[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]] ''{{TA|1255|n}} - {{TA|1490|n}}''|CAS='''CASTAMIR''' ''{{TA|1259|n}} - {{TA|1447|n}}''†}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | ORN | | ALD | | SON | | |ORN=[[Ornendil]] ''d. {{TA|1437|n}}''†|ALD=[[Aldamir]] ''{{TA|1330|n}} - {{TA|1540|n}}''†|SON=''sons'' ''unknown''†}}
{{familytree | | | | | |!| | | |:| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | HYA | | |:| | | |HYA=[[Hyarmendacil II]] ''{{TA|1391|n}} - {{TA|1621|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |F|~|A|~|7| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | |:| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | ANG | | SAN |ANG=[[Angamaitë]] ''fl. {{TA|1634|n}}''|SAN=[[Sangahyando]] ''fl. {{TA|1634|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Portrayal in adaptations==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Armor of Castamir.jpg|thumb|150px|The armor of the Usurper in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
'''2015: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Castamir's armor is recovered from the [[Crossings of Erui]] and is taken to [[Pelargir]] for safekeeping. Castamir's legacy never fully went away, as non-negligeble number of Gondorians remained secret supporters of his through generations, plotting against Steward [[Denethor]] and later King [[Aragorn|Elessar]].

:Castamir's line survived in [[Umbar]]. During the [[War of the Ring]], the [[Corsairs of Umbar]] besieging [[Gondor]] were led by were brothers calling themselves "the Heirs of Castamir". Though all of them perished during the fighting, the eldest left an adult son in Umbar, who continued posing a threat to [[Gondor]].

{{references}}

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=gondorian
| house=[[House of Anárion]] Cadet branch of [[House of Elros]]
| born={{TA|1259}}
| died={{TA|1447}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=[[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]]
| list=22nd [[Kings of Gondor|King of Gondor]]
| dates={{TA|1437}} – {{TA|1447}}
| next=[[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

{{southernline}}
[[Category:Gondorians]]
[[Category:House of Anárion]]
[[Category:Mariners]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Rulers of Gondor]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]
[[de:Castamir]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:hommes:3a:dunedain:gondoriens:castamir]]
[[fi:Castamir]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Armor of Castamir.jpg

2025-12-27T22:28:17Z

Malachi: ==Licensing== {{Fairuse-Standingstone}} Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online

== Summary ==
==Licensing==

{{Fairuse-Standingstone}}

[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online]]

Kinn-lai

2025-12-25T15:33:05Z

Malachi: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

{{people infobox
| name=Kinn-lai
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| origin=
| location=
| affiliation=
| rivalry=
| language=one of the many [[Avarin]] languages
| members=
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=
| height=
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
'''Kinn-Lai''' was a term used by some [[Avari]] to describe themselves. It is unknown if the name "Kinn-Lai" was applied o a particular group of Avari specifically or to all Avari as a whole.
==Etymology==
It is an [[Avarin]] word meaning "the People". It derives from [[Primitive Quendian]] ''[[kwende|kwendī]]''.<ref name=Author>{{WJ|Author}}, Note 9, p. 410</ref> The suffix ''-lai'' may be related to [[Quenya]]n ''[[lië]]'' "people", coming from the [[root]] LI (whence also Quenyan ''[[-li]]'') by A-infixion, attested in the primitive language.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=https://folk.uib.no/hnohf/avarin.htm |articlename=Avarin: All Six Words|dated=|website=[[Ardalambion]] [https://ardalambion.net/]|accessed=2024-02-11}}: "The stem ''LI'', the source of Quenya ''lië'', may have produced '''lai''' by A-infixion (well attested in the primitive language)."</ref>

==See also==
* [[Kindi]]
* [[Cuind]]
* [[Hwenti]]
* [[Windan]]
* [[Penni]]

==Portrayal in adaptations==

'''1982-97: ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]'':'''
: ''Kinn-lai'', an articulation of "Quendi" (the most ancient name of the Elves), is also the name of a tribe of Avari Elves of the jungles of the [[Mûmakan]] in the Utter South of Middle-earth.<ref>{{ICE|2026}}, p. 18</ref>

'''2024: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Kintai.jpg|thumb|The Kintai in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
:The branch of Avari corresponding to the Kinn-lai are found in the land of [[Near Harad]], or "Shagâna" as it is called by the locals, and call themselves Avabár-kinta (People Without Home), or simply '''Kintai'''. They seek not to travel west either in life or after death, believing that the way there is forever close to them, and have developed an elaborate system of beliefs and rituals regarding their fate after death, whether through fading or through violence in battle. The Wise who journey through those lands eventually reveal to some of the Kinta that some of what they believe is not entirely true.

{{references}}
[[Category:Avarin words]]
[[Category:Avari]]
[[Category:Elven peoples]]

Avari

2025-12-25T15:32:05Z

Malachi:

{{people infobox
| name=Avari
| image = Jenny Dolfen - Avari.jpg

| caption="Avari" by [[Jenny Dolfen]]
| pronun=
| othernames=[[Dark-elves]], The Unwilling, Wild Elves
| origin=Elves who refused to make the [[Great Journey]]
| location=[[Eriador]], [[Rhûn]], [[Taur-im-Duinath]], [[Vales of Anduin]]
| affiliation=
| rivalry=[[Eldar]]<ref name=WJA /><ref name=WJ377 />
| language=Various [[Avarin]] languages
| members=[[Morwë]], [[Nurwë]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=
| height=
| hair=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
{{Quote|But many refused [[Great Journey|the summons]], preferring the starlight and the wide spaces of Middle-earth to the rumour of the [[Two Trees of Valinor|Trees]]; and these are the Avari, the Unwilling.|''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Coming of the Elves and the Captivity of Melkor]]"}}

The '''Avari''' ([[Quenya|Q]]: "unwilling"; or "'''the Refusers'''"<ref>{{PM|Atani}}, p. 312</ref>) were a branch of [[Elves]] that refused to embark on the [[Great Journey]].

==Origins==
The original [[Elves]] that [[Awakening of the Elves|awakened]] in [[Cuiviénen]] numbered 144, in 72 pairs, and they were divided into three clans: the [[Minyar]], which had 14 members; the [[Tatyar]], which had 56 members; and the [[Nelyar]] (or [[Lindar]]), which had 74 members. These remained the rough proportions of the Elvish population up to the time of the [[Vala]] [[Oromë]]'s invitation to the Elves to come to [[Valinor]]. The Elves entered into a great debate on whether to follow Oromë into the west. Most of the Elves were persuaded to undertake this [[Great Journey]], including all of the Minyar, half of the Tatyar, and a little less than two-thirds<ref group=note>Specifically 28 of 56 Tatyarin and 46 of 74 Nelyarin Elves. Note that these are proportions of the number 144 that represents the Quendi as a whole, not exact counts of individuals.</ref> of the Nelyar. These Elves became known collectively as the [[Eldar]], and their clans became known by new names: the Minyar became the [[Vanyar]], the Tatyar became the [[Noldor]], and the Nelyar became the [[Teleri]].<ref name=WJ381>{{WJ|C}}, pp. 380-83</ref>

Those Elves who refused to take the Great Journey were called the Avari and they were not counted among the Eldar.<ref>{{S|3}}, p. 41</ref> Their initial population included a little more than one-third of all Quendi and was evenly divided between Tatyar and Nelyar.<ref group=note>Specifically 28 of the 56 Tatyar and 28 of the 74 Nelyar. Again, these values are proportions of 144, not headcounts.</ref><ref name=WJ381 /> Some of them, especially those who dwelt furthest from the waters of [[Cuiviénen]] and wandered in the hills, had not seen Oromë at his first coming, and knew only vague, fearful rumours of the Valar; lies of Melkor concerning Oromë and [[Nahar]] perhaps had a role.<ref>{{MR|Annals}}</ref> Many thus refused to depart from their own lands, and spread gradually throughout the wide lands of [[Middle-earth]]. According to a tradition, their leaders were [[Morwë]] of the Tatyar and [[Nurwë]] of the Nelyar. They were after known by the name "the Unwilling" because they refused the summons. It is not known to what extent the Tatyar and Nelyar among the Avari retained their original clan names after the First Sundering, but they did retain a memory of the old clans' existence and their relationship to their Eldar cousins.<ref name=WJ381 />

At the outset of the Great Journey, the Eldar outnumbered the Avari by a considerable margin. By the time the Great Journey was ended and [[Tol Eressëa]] was permanently anchored in the Bay of Eldamar the proportions had reversed, with Moriquendi (including the Úmanyar) outnumbering Amanyar by nearly as much as the Eldar had originally outnumbered the Avari.<ref group=note>Initially the proportion was 88 Eldar to 56 Avari (61% to 39%); at journey's end it was 62 Amanyar to 82 Moriquendi and Úmanyar (43% to 57%).</ref><ref name=WJ381 />

==History==
It is believed that some of the Avari were corrupted by [[Melkor]] (or had become evil and savage in the wild) in ancient days to become the progenitors of the race of [[Orcs]].<ref>{{S|3}}</ref><ref name=sindar>{{S|Sindar}}</ref>

Over time, many Avari wandered westwards. Some mingled with the [[Nandor]] of the [[Vales of Anduin]], and others entered [[Eriador]].<ref name=WJA>{{WJ|Author}}, pp. 409-410</ref> Some time after the [[Green-elves|Laiquendi]] settled in [[Beleriand]], some Avari "crept in small and secret groups into Beleriand from the South." Most of these Avari remained secretive and isolated from the other Elves, living in caves and deep in the forests, but rarely an Avar would be accepted into Sindarin society.<ref name=WJ377>{{WJ|B}}, p. 377</ref> A few Avari wandered the dark and gloomy forest of [[Taur-im-Duinath]].<ref name=bel>{{S|Beleriand}}</ref><ref name=index>{{S|Index}}</ref>

The [[Edain]] who travelled to the [[West]] first met the Avari of all the Elves, and were taught from their language, which influenced theirs.<ref>{{S|17}}</ref> They taught them many of the basic crafts of civilization, though the craft of the Eldar surpassed that of the Avari, even more than that of the Avari surpassed primitive [[Men]].<ref>{{S|12}}</ref>

It is told that no Avari were to be found west of the [[Misty Mountains]] during the late [[Third Age]].<ref>{{PE|17}}, p. 53</ref>

==Culture==
[[File:Peter Xavier Price - Avari Elf.jpg|thumb|left|"Avari Elf" by [[Peter Xavier Price]]]]
In the First Age, the Avari are said to have viewed the Eldar with jealousy and disdain and treated them with hostility, even treachery, owing to their deep and inherited bitterness.<ref name=WJA /> In Beleriand most Avari remained secretive and isolated from the other Elves, living in caves and deep in the forests, but rarely an Avar would be accepted into Sindarin society.<ref name=WJ377/> However, this seems to have varied among different groups of Eldar and Avari – the Tatyarin Avari are said to have especially disliked the [[Noldor]] who returned from Aman, believing them to be deserters, but the Nelyarin Avari established close and friendly relations with their [[Nandor]] and [[Sindar]] kin, particularly in [[Eriador]] and the [[Vales of Anduin]], to the point that they "often became merged together" (cf. the [[Galadhrim]]).<ref name=WJ381 />
===Tribes===
Six tribes of Avari are mentioned in the [[Third Age]], and their names are all cognates of the [[Primitive Quendian]] word [[Quendi|Kwendî]] (''the Speakers''): '''[[Kindi]]''', '''[[Cuind]]''', '''[[Hwenti]]''', '''[[Windan]]''', '''[[Kinn-lai]]''', '''[[Penni]]'''.<ref>{{WJ|Author}}, Note 9</ref>

===Languages===
{{main|Avarin}}
The Avari had many tribes and greatly varied languages, widely sundered from one another.<ref>{{WJ|Quendi}}, p.410</ref> The names above are the only certain [[Avarin]] words ever mentioned by the Loremasters.

== Etymology ==
''Avari'' is the plural of ''Avar'', meaning "Refuser", from ''[[ABA]]'' ("refuse") and of the agent suffix ''[[-ro|-r]].'' The [[Telerin]] word ''[[Abari]]'' has this same etymology.<ref name="WJ|A">{{WJ|A}}</ref>

==Other names==
{{pronounce|Quenya - Avari.mp3|Gilgamesh}}
The Avari were called ''[[Abari]]'' in [[Telerin]];<ref name=WJB>{{WJ|B}}</ref> they were also called ''[[Moripendi]]'' (an equivalent of [[Quenya]] ''[[Moriquendi]]'' which referred to the [[Sindar]] as well).<ref name="WJ|A"/>

In [[Sindarin]], they were called ''Evair'', ''[[Morben]]'' or ''Mornedhel''.<ref name=WJB/>

The term [[Dark Elves]] usually referred to the Avari. In the period of the [[Exile of the Noldor]], "Dark Elves" referred to the Elves of Middle-earth other than the [[Noldor]] and the [[Sindar]], thus being equivalent to the Avari and the [[Nandor]].<ref name=index/>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In ''[[Book of Lost Tales]]'', the [[Hisildi]] were a tribe of Elves that never left ''"Koivië-Néni"''.

In older versions of the legendarium, the name ''Avari'' was originally that of the later [[Eldar]], then meaning "the departing".<ref>{{LR|Lhammas}}</ref>{{rp|136}}

In other, relatively late writings, a brief idea was that the Avari did not come from the three clans, but from two other additional clans, led by [[Morwë and Nurwë]]. This idea was later dropped. In the final conception, the [[Elves]] were divided into three tribes.

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2024: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Kintai.jpg|thumb|The Avari in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
:The Avari are found in the land of [[Near Harad]], or "Shagâna" as it is called by the locals, living within its oasises and forests. They speak not the name given to them by the [[Eldar]], considering it an insult (as it is not covered by the game's license), and call themselves Tárthai (Those Who Remained). The particular branch encountered in Near Harad are known Avabár-kinta (People Without Home), or simply '''Kintai'''. They seek not to travel west either in life or after death, believing that the way there is forever close to them, and have developed an elaborate system of beliefs and rituals regarding their fate after death, whether through fading or through violence in battle. The Wise who journey through those lands eventually reveal to some of the Kinta that some of what they believe is not entirely true.

==External links==
*[http://www.uib.no/People/hnohf/avarin.htm Avarin languages at Ardalambion]

{{references|notes}}
{{elves}}
[[Category:Avari]]
[[Category:Elven peoples]]
[[Category:Moriquendi]]
[[Category:Quenya demonyms]]
[[de:Avari]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/avari]]
[[fi:Avari]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Kintai.jpg

2025-12-25T15:31:05Z

Malachi: == Summary == {{Fairuse-Standingstone}} Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online Category:Images of Avari

== Summary ==
{{Fairuse-Standingstone}}
[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online]]
[[Category:Images of Avari]]

Council of Gondor

2025-11-27T12:00:27Z

Malachi: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

The '''Council of Gondor''', also known as the '''Great Council of Gondor''',<ref group="note">The fact that [[Aragorn]] re-established the "Great Council of Gondor" during his reign as [[King of Gondor and Arnor]] implies that there would have been a "Great Council of Gondor" during the time of the last [[High King (Dúnedain)|High King]] [[Isildur]] or during the time of the last [[King of Gondor]] [[Eärnur]]. More cannot be said of the matter.</ref> was composed of the Lords of the Fiefs and the Captains of the Forces in [[Gondor]], the advisors to the ruler of [[Gondor]] who were the [[Kings of Gondor]] and later the [[Ruling Stewards]].<ref name="politics">{{L|244}}</ref>

==History==
The [[Númenórean]] [[King of Gondor]] governed the realm with the frame of ancient law, of which he was administrator (and interpreter) but not the lawmaker. He consulted the Council in debatable matters of importance domestic, or external.<ref name="politics"/>

The Council took authority over the realm after the loss of [[Ondoher]] left it kingless in {{TA|1944}},<ref>{{App|TA}}</ref> and it acted under the control of [[Steward]] [[Pelendur]]. In {{TA|1945|n}}, [[Arvedui]] of [[Arthedain]], whose wife was [[Fíriel|Ondoher's daughter]], invoked the [[Law of Succession in Númenor]] to claim the throne of [[Gondor]]; the Council voted against his claim, in favour of [[Ondoher]]'s distant relative, [[Eärnil II]].<ref>{{App|Gondor}}</ref>

In all debatable matters of importance domestic, or external, however, even [[Denethor II|Denethor]] held Council, and at least listened to what the Lords of the Fiefs and the Captains of the Forces had to say.<ref name="politics"/> As the [[Siege of Gondor]] approached, [[Denethor|Denethor II]] called the Council together on [[11 March]], {{TA|3019}}<ref>{{App|Great}}</ref> and it advised him to make no stroke of war against the enemy due to the threat from the south.<ref>{{RK|V4}}</ref>

[[Aragorn]] re-established the Great Council of Gondor, and in that [[Faramir]], who remained by inheritance the [[Steward]] (or representative of the King during his absence abroad, or sickness, or between his death and the accession of his heir) was his chief counsellor.<ref name="politics"/>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2015: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
: The Council consists of the Wardens and the Captains of the City. The Wardens are those of the Burg, of the Coffers, of the Green, of the [[Warden of the Houses of Healing|Houses of Healing]], of the Houses of Lore, [[Warden of the Keys|of the Keys]], of the Laws, of the Stores and of the Wells. The Captains are those of the Garrison, the Citadel, the Out-Wall, the South-Gate and of the Tidings. The Council recommences under King [[Aragorn|Elessar]] afer the end of the war.

==See also==
*[[Counsellor of the North-kingdom]]

{{notes}}
{{references}}
[[Category:Organizations]]
[[Category:Gondor]]
[[de:Rat von Gondor]]
[[fi:Gondorin neuvosto]]

Dúnhere

2025-11-01T20:57:09Z

Malachi: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

{{infobox character
| people=[[Rohirrim|Rohir]]
| name=Dúnhere
| image=Jeff Himmelman - Dunhere.png
| caption="Dunhere" by [[:Category:Images by Jeff Himmelman|Jeff Himmelman]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=Lord of Harrowdale
| position=
| location=[[Harrowdale]], [[Rohan]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Rohanese]] and [[Westron]]
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=[[15 March]], {{TA|3019}}
| deathlocation=[[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]]
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Dúnhere''' was the chieftain of the folk of [[Harrowdale]], and a valiant captain who fought in the [[First Battle of the Fords of Isen]] and the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]].

==History==
Dúnhere was a nephew of [[Erkenbrand]].<ref>{{UT|11a}}, note 13</ref> He was the chieftain of the folk of [[Harrowdale]] and the lord of Harrowdale.<ref name=Muster>{{RK|Muster}}</ref>

He served under [[Grimbold]] in the [[Battles of the Fords of Isen]]. Grimbold placed all the riders for whom horses were available under the command of Dúnhere to cover the retreat of his forces to the south in the night after the [[Second Battle of the Fords of Isen]].<ref>{{UT|Isen}}</ref>

Dúnhere did not accompany [[Gandalf]] and Erkenbrand to the [[Battle of the Hornburg]], but went to [[Edoras]] instead. [[Gandalf]] counselled him and the other captains to assemble the riders of Rohan in Harrowdale and to await King [[Théoden]] there, rather than in the open fields around Edoras, and to light as few fires as possible. Several days later, [[Théoden]] and the rest of the riders mustered there for the ride to [[Minas Tirith]].<ref name=Muster/>

Dúnhere was slain at the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]]. He was remembered in the [[Song of the Mounds of Mundburg]].<ref>{{RK|Battle}}</ref>

==Etymology==
The name ''Dúnhere'' means "hill warrior" in [[Old English]], consisting of ''[[Wiktionary:dun#Old English|dūn]]'' ("hill") + ''[[Wiktionary:here#Old English|here]]'' ("army, host").<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 571</ref>

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| |,|-|-|-|.| | |}}
{{familytree| ERK | | UNK | |ERK=[[Erkenbrand]] ''fl. {{TA|3019}}''|UNK=''unknown sibling''}}
{{familytree| | | | | |!| | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | DUN | |DUN='''DÚNHERE''' ''d. {{TA|3019}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Dúnhere.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Dúnhere in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2015: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Dúnhere is the Lord of [[Dunharrow]] and a nearby small village of [[Underharrow]]. He left his wife Ellen Fremedon in charge before departing with [[Erkenbrand]] for the Fords. The player sees Dúnhere shortly before the [[battle of Helm's Deep]] but not does get a chance to interact with him. They do not meet properly until the [[Druadan Forest]] on the day before the Rohirrim army arrives to [[Minas Tirith]]. Dúnhere is slain by an arrow during the [[battle of the Pelennor Fields]].

{{references}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dunhere}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Rohirrim]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

[[de:Dúnhere]]
[[fi:Dúnhere]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:hommes:3a:hommes du nord:rohirrim:dunhere]]

Second Battle of the Fords of Isen

2025-11-01T20:51:22Z

Malachi:

{{Stub}}
{{battle
| image=The Lord of the Rings Online - Second Battle of the Fords of Isen.jpg
| caption=Second Battle of the Fords of Isen in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''
| name=Second Battle of the Fords of Isen
| conflict=[[War of the Ring]]
| date=[[2 March]], {{TA|3019}}
| place=The [[Fords of Isen]]
| result=Isengard victory, scattering of the Rohirrim
| side1=[[Rohan]]
| side2=[[Isengard]]
| commanders1=*[[Grimbold]]
*[[Elfhelm]]
| commanders2=Unnamed Uruk-hai captain
| forces1=About 2,000 men
| forces2=Over 10,000 Uruk-hai, Orcs, Dunlendings, Wargs, and evil men
| casual1= Heavy
| casual2= Moderate
}}
The '''Second Battle of the Fords of Isen''', also called the '''Second Battle of Isenford''',<ref>''[[The Chronology of The Lord of the Rings]]'', "Men and Friends" entry for March 2, p. 60</ref> was the second of [[Battles of the Fords of Isen|two conflicts]] at the [[Fords of Isen]], of which no clear accounts were ever made. It occurred on [[2 March|March 2nd]], {{TA|3019}}, just seven days after the first battle and the death of [[Théodred]].

==History==
The day after the end of the [[First Battle of the Fords of Isen]], [[Erkenbrand]] of [[Westfold]] assumed command of the [[West-mark]] after he received a message of the fall of Théodred. He sent errand-riders to [[Edoras]] asking that [[Éomer]] be sent at once with all the help that could be spared, but this request was not followed due to the machinations of [[Gríma]].<ref name="Isen">{{UT|Isen}}</ref><ref group="note">The reinforcements with Éomer and the King himself set out in the afternoon of March the 2nd, but that night the Second Battle of the Fords was fought and lost, and the invasion of Rohan began.</ref>

The forces of the West-mark were commanded by [[Grimbold]], while Erkenbrand gathered more forces in the [[Hornburg]]. Meanwhile, the [[Muster of Edoras]], which was commanded by [[Elfhelm]], came to fight [[Saruman]]'s forces at the Fords of Isen. Elfhelm wanted to abandon the fords and wished to hold up the enemy on their eastern side. Elfhelm worried that Saruman would send his army down from Isengard on the east side of Isen, but Grimbold was not willing to abandon the fords.<ref name="Isen" />

Therefore, Grimbold remained with the rest of his men on the east bank, while Elfhelm withdrew his Riders and took up his position east of the fords.<ref name="Isen" />

At night, much of Saruman's army arrived at the fords, and Grimbold had his men form a shieldwall, which held for a long time.<ref name="Isen" /> However, Grimbold, being severely outnumbered by Saruman's army, eventually had his men pull back, and this was done to aid Erkenbrand, who would need as many men as possible during the oncoming assault.

Grimbold, seeing that the shieldwall wouldn't last for long, and realizing that it was imperative for as many soldiers as possible to aid Erkenbrand, ordered his troops to retreat, even though he knew this might be seen as inglorious. In a sudden maneuver, purposefully breaking the shieldwall, Grimbold and his men scattered in the night, turning away from the road. So it was that the greater part of his men survived.<ref name="Isen" />

===Aftermath===
Thus ended the Second Battle of the Fords of Isen. The Rider [[Ceorl]] was sent to report to [[Éomer]] about the defeat. On his way Ceorl met Théoden's band, who were already on their way to aid in the battle, only to be told about the defeat. This report made Théoden to retreat to [[Helm's Deep]].<ref name="Isen" />

When they received news from Ceorl, Gandalf rode towards [[Isengard]] with the greatest speed that [[Shadowfax]] could command. He must have met Grimbold and Elfhelm, whom he advised and ordered to go southward to join Erkenbrand and Théoden at the Hornburg.<ref name="Isen" />

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2013: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
: The Rohirrim forces in the battle are commanded by the Lords of the [[Westfold]]: [[Erkenbrand]] of the [[Hornburg]], [[Grimbold]] of [[Grimslade]] and Gladsúnu of Marton, with [[Elfhelm]] commanding the garrison of [[Edoras]]. The advancing host of [[Isengard]] cut Erkenbrand off and pushed him south of the river [[Isen]], Gladsúnu was killed, and Grimbold was among the last remaining defenders of the Ford, unwilling to abandon the grave of Prince [[Théodred]]. Seeing their position as lost, Elfhelm withdrew his men east of the Ford and tried to persuade Grimbold to go with them, but Grimbold refused and Elfhelm has no choice but to leave him behind.
: The player finds Grimbold in despair and willing to accept his death but motivates him to live and fight by telling him that King [[Théoden]] himself had rode to war. They escape the Ford and meet with [[Gandalf]] and Erkenbrand and proceed to regroup with [[Dúnhere]] before Gandalf orders them to march on [[Helm's Deep]].

==See also==
*[[First Battle of the Fords of Isen]]

==Notes==
[[Category:Conflicts of the War of the Ring]]
[[de:Schlacht an den Furten des Isen]]
[[fr:encyclo:evenements:3a:guerres:deuxieme bataille des gues de l isen]]
[[fi:Taistelut Rautkymin Kahlaamolla]]
<references group="note" />

==References==
<references />{{wotr}}

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Second Battle of the Fords of Isen.jpg

2025-11-01T20:51:01Z

Malachi: ==Licensing== {{Fairuse-Turbine}} Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online Category:Images of battles

== Summary ==
==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-Turbine}}
[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online]]
[[Category:Images of battles]]

Théodred

2025-10-09T19:36:21Z

Malachi: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

{{expansion}}
{{infobox character
| people=[[Rohirrim|Rohir]]
| name=Théodred
| image=Andrea Piparo - Théodred.jpg
| caption="Theodred" by [[:Category:Images by Andrea Piparo|Andrea Piparo]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=[[Second Marshal of the Riddermark]]
| location=[[Rohan]]
| affiliation=
| language=
| birth={{TA|2978}}
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=[[25 February]] {{TA|3019}}
| deathlocation=[[First Battle of the Fords of Isen]] (aged 41)
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Eorl]]
| parentage=[[Théoden]] and [[Elfhild]]
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Théodred''' ({{TA|2978}}-{{TA|3019|n}}) was the only son and heir of King [[Théoden]] of [[Rohan]] who died in the [[First Battle of the Fords of Isen]] during the [[War of the Ring]].

==History==
Théodred was born to King [[Théoden]] and [[Elfhild]], who died in childbirth. Because of his state as prince of Rohan, Théodred also held the title of [[Second Marshal of the Riddermark]].

While [[Gríma]] gained more influence on the King, he considered Théodred and [[Éomer]] his chief opponents, and tried to bring the two cousins into discredit with Théoden. But their loyalty remained steadfast even in his apparent dotage; Gríma therefore tried to play them one against the other in the mind of Théoden, representing Éomer as ever eager to increase his authority, at the expense of Théodred.<ref name=":0">{{UT|Isen}}</ref>

In the beginning of {{TA|3019|n}}, due to the threat of invasion by the forces of the wizard [[Saruman]], Théodred established himself at [[Helm's Deep]] to command the military strength of the [[Westfold]]. When actual war began, Théodred added to the Muster of Westfold by summoning the [[Muster of Edoras]].<ref>{{UT|Isen}}, Appendix (i)</ref>

Meanwhile, Saruman planned to have the Prince killed. He sent forces against Rohan on [[February 25]], {{TA|3019}} with explicit orders to kill the Second Marshal at all costs.

Théodred was warned by his scouts of a mustering of troops at the [[Gate of Isengard]] and he reinforced the approaches. He passed over the [[Isen]] with the main strength of his cavalry to overthrow Saruman's apparent army before it was fully prepared. He scattered the vanguard, but then discovered the main host prepared for assault and ordered a retreat while the rearguard under [[Grimbold]] had to turn and drive back their pursuers.<ref name=":0" />

Retreating, he appointed Grimbold in command of the western bank garrison while he himself attempted to man the eyot in the midst of the river. Then a van came and with unexpected speed soon took control of the eastern end of the fords; the fiercest of Saruman's warriors and [[Goblin-men|Orc-men]] abandoned the rest of the battle and directed their full might around the Prince. As Grimbold came to his defence, Théodred was hewn down by a great orc-man, whom Grimbold slew.

[[Elfhelm]] arrived to his support and they lifted the body. Théodred still breathed, only long enough to speak his last words. The news of Théodred's death caused [[Erkenbrand]] of [[Westfold]] to assume command of the [[West-mark]].<ref name=":0" /> With no descendants or siblings, this made his cousin, [[Éomer]], heir to the throne of Rohan.

It is told that Grimbold set up on stakes all about the mentioned eyot in the [[Fords of Isen]] the heads of the axemen that had been slain there, and, above the hasty mound of Théodred in the middle, set his banner.<ref>{{UT|Isen}}, Note 8.</ref>

== Etymology ==
'''Théodred''' is probably a combination of the [[Old English|Anglo-Saxon]] words ''þēod'' ("people", "land") and ''rǣd'' ("counsel", "advice").<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 403</ref> The word ''þēod'' also appears in the name [[Éothéod]].<ref>{{UT|8e}}, note 36</ref>

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | THE |THE=[[Thengel]] ''{{TA|2905|n}} - {{TA|2980|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | |!| |}}
{{familytree | ELF |y| THE |ELF=[[Elfhild]] ''d. {{TA|2978|n}}''|THE=[[Théoden]] ''{{TA|2948|n}} - {{TA|3019|n}}''†}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | THE | | |THE='''THÉODRED''' ''{{TA|2978|n}} - {{TA|3019|n}}''†|}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''[[2002]]: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''
:Théodred, who was played by [[Paris Howe Strewe]], is portrayed younger than he was in the books. His death is a major event early in the movie, whereas, in the book, it has all happened one week before the [[Three Hunters]] come to Edoras.
:Differently from the books, in which Théodred is buried by Grimbold in a hasty mound in an eyot in the Fords of Isen, in the movie he is brought heavily wounded albeit barely alive to Edoras and tended by [[Éowyn]] before dying. His burial, just outside of Edoras, is shown in the [[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (extended edition)|extended edition]].

[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Théodred.png|200px|thumb|Théodred in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
'''[[2011]]: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Rise of Isengard]]'':'''
: Théodred's age is more accurate to the book. He is betrothed to Ingyth, daughter of the Reeve of the [[Entwash Vale]] and the sister of [[Horn (rider of Rohan)|Horn]]. While his riders defend the [[Fords of Isen]] against the [[Dunlendings]], the Prince leads a small party into [[Dunland]] to scout for potential threats, where they encounter the [[Grey Company]] led by [[Halbarad]]. After helping the Rangers, Théodred returns to the [[Gap of Rohan]] where he sets up a daring plan to attack [[Isengard]]. The [[First Battle of the Fords of Isen]] happens much as described in the book, with the player fighting side-by-side with [[Grimbold]] as they carve a path through the [[Uruk]]s to reach the Prince, only to arrive too late. His sword is recovered by [[Elfhelm]] and is subsequently used by [[Éowyn]] in her confrontation with the [[Witch-King]].

{{references}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Theodred}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Old English names]]
[[Category:Rohirrim]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

[[de:Théodred]]
[[fi:Théodred]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/3a/hommes du nord/rohirrim/theodred]]

Arador

2025-10-05T16:11:00Z

Malachi: /* Genealogy */

{{infobox character
| people=[[Arnor]]ian
| name=Arador
| image=Born of Hope - Arador.jpg
| caption=Arador from ''[[Born of Hope]]''
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=[[Chieftain of the Dúnedain]]
| position=
| location=[[Rivendell]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]
| birth={{TA|2820}}
| birthlocation=
| rule={{TA|2912}} - {{TA|2930|n}}
| death={{TA|2930}}
| deathlocation=[[Coldfells]]
| age=110
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Isildur]]
| parentage=[[Argonui]]
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=[[Arathorn II]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Arador''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈarador]}}; {{TA|2820}}<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, manuscript C, The Chieftains of the Dúnedan, 14. Arador, p. 196</ref> - {{TA|2930|n}},<ref>{{App|North}}, ''Chieftains'', entry for Arador, p. 1038</ref> died aged 110) was the fourteenth [[Chieftain of the Dúnedain]].

==History==
Arador succeeded his father, [[Argonui]], when he died in {{TA|2912|n}}.<ref>{{App|North}}, ''Chieftains'', entry for Argonui, p. 1038</ref>

In his time many [[Dúnedain of the North]] lived in woods between the river [[Hoarwell]] and the river [[Loudwater]]. Arador lived in a house north of the [[Trollshaws]] in woods near the river [[Hoarwell]], which was threatened by a group of [[Trolls]].<ref>{{NM|P3xvii}}, note 12, p. 366</ref>

His rule was uneventful except for the fact that he was captured by [[Hill-trolls]] in the [[Coldfells]] north of [[Rivendell]] and killed by them.<ref>{{App|Tale}}, p. 1057</ref> He was succeeded by his young son, [[Arathorn II]], in {{TA|2930|n}}.<ref>{{App|North}}, ''Chieftains'', entry for Arathorn II, p. 1038</ref>

==Etymology==
''Arador'' is a [[Sindarin]] name. Its meaning is not glossed, but Paul Strack suggests it means "Noble-lord" and is a compound of the prefix ''[[ara|ar(a)-]]'' ("noble", "royal", "high") and the [[lenition|lenited]] form ''-dor'' of ''taur'' ("lord").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-2275977149.html|articlename=S. ''Arador'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=05 February 2022}}</ref> The Association Tolkiendil suggests it means "Royal Lord".<ref>{{webcite|author=Assocation Tolkiendil|articleurl=https://www.tolkiendil.com/langues/english/i-lam_arth/compound_sindarin_names|articlename=Compound Sindarin Names in Middle-earth|website=Tolkiendil|accessed=05 February 2022}}</ref>

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | HOS | | | | | | |HOS=''[[House of Isildur]]''}}
{{familytree | | | |:| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | |:| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | ARA | | | | HOU |ARA=[[Arathorn I]] ''{{TA|2693|n}} - {{TA|2848|n}}''†|HOU=''[[House of Isildur]]''}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |:| |}}
{{familytree | ARG | | UNK | | GIL |ARG=[[Argonui]] ''{{TA|2757|n}} - {{TA|2912|n}}''|GIL=[[Gilbarad]] ''b. {{TA}}''|UNK=''unknown child''[[Arathorn I#Other versions of the legendarium|NB]]}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |:| | | |!| |}}
{{familytree | ARA | | DIR |y| IVO |ARA='''ARADOR''' ''{{TA|2820|n}} - {{TA|2930|n}}''†|DIR=[[Dírhael]] ''b. {{TA}}''|IVO=[[Ivorwen]] ''b. {{TA}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | ATH |~|y|~| GIR | | |ATH=[[Arathorn II]] ''{{TA|2873|n}} - {{TA|2933|n}}''†|GIR=[[Gilraen]] ''{{TA|2907|n}} - {{TA|3007|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | |!| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | ELE | | | | | |ELE=[[Aragorn II]] '''Elessar''' ''{{TA|2931}} - {{FoA|120}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Portrayal in adaptations==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Arador.jpg|thumb|Arador's body in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'']]
'''2010: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Arador's death is shown in a Session Play narrating the history of the House of Isildur.

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=arnorian
| house=[[House of Isildur]] Cadet branch of [[House of Elros]]
| born={{TA|2820}}
| died={{TA|2930}}
}}
{{seq
| prow=2
| prev=[[Argonui]]
| list=37th [[Heir of Isildur|Heir]] of [[Isildur]]
| dates={{TA|2912}} - {{TA|2930}}
| next=[[Arathorn II]]
| nrow=2
}}
{{seq
| list=14th [[Chieftains of the Dúnedain|Chieftain of the Dúnedain]]
| dates={{TA|2912}} - {{TA|2930}}
}}
{{seq-end}}

{{northernline}}
[[Category:Chieftains of the Dúnedain]]
[[Category:House of Isildur]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]
[[de:Arador]]
[[fi:Arador]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/3a/dunedain/dunedain du nord/arador]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Arador.jpg

2025-10-05T16:10:23Z

Malachi: == Summary == {{Fairuse-Standingstone}} Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online Category:Images of Arador

== Summary ==
{{Fairuse-Standingstone}}
[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online]]
[[Category:Images of Arador]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - First Battle of the Fords of Isen.jpg

2025-10-05T15:55:59Z

Malachi: Malachi uploaded a new version of File:The Lord of the Rings Online - First Battle of the Fords of Isen.jpg

==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-Turbine}}
[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online: Rise of Isengard]]
[[Category:Images of battles]]
[[Category:Images of Orcs]]

Dunlendings

2025-09-09T10:48:51Z

Malachi: /* Portrayals in adaptations */

{{people infobox
| name=Dunlendings
| image = Turner Mohan - Men of Dunland.jpg
| caption="Men of Dunland" by [[:Category:Images by Turner Mohan|Turner Mohan]]
| pronun=
| othernames=''Gwathuirim'' ([[Sindarin|S]])
| origin=
| location=[[Dunland]]
| affiliation=[[Sauron]], [[Saruman]]
| rivalry=[[Rohirrim]]
| language=[[Dunlendish]]; some could speak "broken" [[Westron]].<ref>{{App|F1}}</ref>
| members=[[Freca]], [[Wulf]], [[Squint-eyed southerner]]
| lifespan=
| distinctions=
| height=
| hair=Dark
| skin=Dark
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}

'''Dunlendings''', also known as the '''Gwathuirim''', were the ferocious, tall and vicious [[men]] that lived in [[Dunland]], close to [[Rohan]]. Also called the ''Wild Men of Dunland'', they had long been enemies of the [[Rohirrim]], because they were jealous that the rich lands of the old [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] province of Calenardhon were granted by the Gondorians to the Rohirrim instead of them.

== History ==
=== Origins ===
{{seealso|Pre-Númenóreans}}
The ancestors of the Dunlendings were also the ancestors of the [[Haladin]],<ref name="PM|Atani">{{PM|Atani}}, p. 314</ref> the second of the Three Houses of the [[Edain]] who were reclusive, kept separate from the [[House of Bëor|Bëorians]] or the [[House of Hador|Hadorians]] and their language was different from [[Taliska|those spoken]] by the other Edain.

Those who remained in [[Eriador]], settled upon either side of the [[Gwathló]] or in the [[White Mountains|Ered Nimrais]]; especially those in [[Minhiriath]], were (as later [[Gondorian]] historians recognised) akin to the Haladin.

In the [[Second Age]] those peoples ranged over much of future [[Gondor]] and [[Eriador]], and dwelt in the forests of the shorelands. But the [[Númenóreans]] returning to [[Middle-earth]] treated them ruthlessly and devastated their forests. While the [[Men of the Mountains]] survived in isolated places, others (overcoming their fear of the Elves) fled from Minhiriath into [[Eryn Vorn]]; those from [[Enedhwaith]] took refuge in the eastern mountains that would become [[Dunland]].<ref>{{UT|6d}}</ref> Some moved even further north until they reached what became the [[Bree-land]], those were the [[Men of Bree]] who would be absorbed into [[Arnor]].

===Third Age===
[[File:John Howe - Dunlending.jpg|thumb|''Dunlending'' by [[John Howe]]]]
Because of the Númenórean advance, those peoples, including the Dunlendings, remained bitter enemies of the [[West]].<ref name="PM|Atani"/> The hostility of the Dunlendings prevented the [[Dúnedain]] from populating permanent settlements in Enedhwaith except in the fortified town of [[Tharbad]].<ref name=note76>{{PM|XNotes}}, note 76</ref>

While some of the [[Pre-Númenóreans]] were absorbed into the population of Gondor and Arnor, the Dunlendings remained unaffected, independent and even unfriendly to the Dúnedain, holding their own manners and [[Dunlendish|language]].<ref name="OfMen">{{App|Men}}, p. 1130</ref> However the Dunlendings also remained hostile to those with [[Orc]]-blood.<ref>{{UT|Hunt}}</ref> The Dunlendings also dwelled alongside the [[Stoors|Stoor]] Hobbits during their [[Wandering Days]] and the latter even formed a related language to theirs.<ref>{{App|Hobbits}}, p. 1130</ref>

The Dunlendings suffered from the [[Great Plague]] less than other peoples owing to their isolation<ref name="OfMen"/> and were still found in the foothills of the Misty Mountains. By the time of the [[Ruling Stewards]] they ceased to be subjects of Gondor and, being surrounded by barbarous folk,<ref name="GC">{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> they moved to settle the region of [[Calenardhon]] as Gondor ceased to man the garrisons during the [[Watchful Peace]].<ref name="Isen">{{UT|Isen}}</ref>

Some Dunlendings approached the Gondorian fortress of [[Isengard|Angrenost]] that was manned by a small garrison led by a hereditary Gondorian chieftain, the [[Lord of Isengard]], and mingled with the Gondorians. With time the line of the original chieftains eventually failed.<ref name="Isen"/>

=== Arrival of the Rohirrim ===
[[Image:Angelo Montanini - Dunlendings.jpg|thumb|right|''Dunlendings'' by [[Angelo Montanini]]]]
In {{TA|2510}} Gondor granted Calenardhon to the [[Éothéod]] who came from [[Rhovanion]] and the wild hillmen and herd-folk whom the Dunlendings viewed as competitors and usurpers. As the ensuing enmity did not concern the [[Stewards of Gondor]], the Dunlendings kept hostilities to the [[Rohirrim]] and attacked whenever the latter were weak or in trouble.<ref name="Isen"/>

Because of their connections, the people of Isengard remained friendlier to the Dunlendings than to the 'wild Northmen', allowing them to settle in and around the [[Ring of Isengard]]. Eventually the Dunlendings seized control of the fortress and killed any of the ancient guards who didn't merge with them.<ref name="Isen"/>

[[Kings of Rohan|Kings]] [[Brego]] and [[Aldor]] drove the Dunlendings out of [[Rohan]] beyond the Isen until Enedhwaith. After the death of King Aldor, and as Isengard became more friendly to them, the Dunlendings passed and settled northern [[Westfold]], the mountain glens around the Ring, and southern eaves of [[Fangorn Forest]], becoming openly hostile.<ref name="Isen"/> In some places, the two peoples mingled in some peaceful circumstances; and the dark-haired Landlord [[Freca]] from the lands near [[Adorn]] had Dunlendish blood.<ref name="Mark">{{App|Mark}}</ref>

During the reign of King [[Déor]], they began raiding over the Isen; when it became clear that the raiders were coming from near Isengard, in {{TA|2710}} Déor led an expedition to the north. He found and defeated a host of Dunlendings, but discovered that Isengard was hostile. He was unable to drive them out as [[Egalmoth (Steward of Gondor)|Steward Egalmoth]] could not send help.<ref name="Isen"/> The occupation lasted through the reign of King [[Gram]] and they continued to raid and harass the Rohirrim.<ref name="Mark"/>

===Usurpation===
The worst of these incidents was when Freca's son, [[Wulf]], allied with the [[Corsairs of Umbar]] who were in turn stirred by [[Sauron]], keeping safe his properties at [[Adorn]]. Joining his kin from outside of Rohan with enemies of Gondor that had landed in the mouths of [[Lefnui]] and Isen, Rohan was invaded from the East, the Isen and Isengard, and finally Wulf took [[Edoras]] in {{TA|2758}}. Gondor, fighting Corsair fleets, could not help<ref name="Mark"/> as the people of Rohan survived the crisis due to the leadership of King [[Helm|Helm Hammerhand]], the usurping Dunlendings were reduced after the [[Long Winter]] and finished off by [[Fréaláf]]. The Rohirrim now kept a strong force in North Westfold.<ref name="Isen"/>

Eventually many Dunlendings were found later in the Westfold of Rohan, until [[Folcwine]], aided by Gondor, reconquered it.<ref name="Mark"/> But the people remaining between [[Isen]] and [[Adorn]] were largely of mixed blood, and not loyal to Edoras.<ref name="Isen"/>

The Dunlendings were employed by the [[wizard]] [[Saruman]] to serve Sauron's purposes by attacking and raiding the cities and settlements of Rohan. Since [[Gríma|Gríma Wormtongue]] had corrupted the mind of King [[Théoden]], the fighting men of the Rohirrim were absent for the most part. As a result, the Dunlendings easily overpowered the old men and young boys who remained.

Wild Men were also present at the [[Battle of the Hornburg]] (Battle of Helm's Deep), as well as [[Half-orcs]], derived from [[Orcs]] and the [[Men]] of Dunland. The fighting was vicious, but the Dunlendings surrendered after [[Gandalf]] appeared. In contrast, the Orcs fled into the forest of [[Fangorn Forest|Fangorn]] and were destroyed by [[Huorns]].

[[Saruman]]'s defeat at Isengard put a stop to Dunlending aggression in Rohan. However, the [[Battle of Bywater|Scouring of the Shire]] by Saruman, under the alias of [[Sharkey]], was carried out with the backing of a considerable number of Dunlendings.

== Etymology ==
''Dunlendings'' is a name in [[Rohanese]]<ref name=Dunlendings>{{HM|N}}, p. 755, entry "Dunlendings"</ref> (represented by [[Old English]]<ref>{{App|Translation}}, p. 1136</ref>) given to them by the [[Rohirrim]], which refers to the people's swarthy and dark-haired appearance.<ref name=OfMen>{{App|Men}}, p. 1130</ref> The name ''Dunlendings'' contains the [[Old English|English]] element ''dunn'',<ref name=OfMen/> which means "dark, dusky, dull-hued".<ref name=Dunlendings/><ref>{{HM|N}}, p. 769, entry "Dunland"</ref> The name appears to be derived from ''Dunland'' and the suffix ''-ings'', which denotes a people-group (as in ''[[Rohirrim|Eorlings]]'', ''[[Bardings]]'', ''[[Beornings]]'', etc.).

A [[Sindarin]] name for the Dunlendings was '''''Gwathuirim'''''.<ref name=note76/> It is suggested that the name ''Gwathuirim'' contain the elements ''[[gwathui]]'' ("shadowy") + ''[[-rim]]'' ("people").<ref name=Eldamo>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=http://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-391631781.html|articlename=S. ''Gwathuirim'' coll.|website=Eldamo|accessed=10 March 2022}}</ref>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In an earlier draft of the chapter Flotsam and Jetsam Aragorn comments that the regiments of rather tall, dark-haired, not particularly evil-looking men that Merry watched coming from Isengard to attack Rohan are Dunlanders. Aragorn describes them as an upland folk from the west of the Misty Mountains, remnants of the old peoples that once dwelt in Rohan and all about to the north and south of the White Mountains (which were called Black Mountains in this earlier draft).<ref>{{WR|1|IV}}, p. 51 and p. 52</ref> In the earliest draft of the chapter the Muster of Rohan it is mentioned that the forgotten men who built [[Dunharrow]] went away to mingle with the people of Dunland or the folk of Lebennin. It is also mentioned that some folk reckoned as Rohirrim and that spoke the language of Rohan, but dark with grey eyes with the blood of the forgotten men in their veins lived at Dunharrow. In this earliest draft no Pûkel-men are mentioned.<ref>{{WR|3|II}}, (ii) The Muster of Rohan, draft A, p. 236</ref> In a later draft it is also mentioned that Dunlanders came to the muster at Dunharrow to fight against the forces of Sauron.<ref>{{WR|3|II}}, (ii) The Muster of Rohan, draft F, p. 247 and draft G. p. 249</ref> In an outline for Book Five some folk from Dunland come to Minas Tirith to join Gondor in the fight against Sauron.<ref>{{WR|3|II}}, (iii) Sketches for Book Five, p. 253</ref>

==Inspiration==
It is possible that the rivalry between the primitive Dunlendings and the blond-haired, pseudo-Anglo-Saxon Rohirrim who migrated into the lands neighbouring them was meant by Tolkien to be analogous to the real life conflicts that arose between the Anglo-Saxons in England and neighbouring [[Celtic]] peoples.

This is supported by the fact that placenames of [[Bree-land]] like [[Bree]],<ref>{{HM|N}}, pp. 766 entry '''Bree'''</ref><ref>{{HM|UI}}, p. 16 entry ''Bree''</ref> [[Archet]]<ref>{{HM|N}}, p. 765 entry '''Archet'''</ref> and [[Combe]]<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 150</ref> are Celtic. The [[Stoors|Stoor]] [[Hobbits]] (who had stayed long in [[Dunland]]<ref>{{App|TA}}, entries for the year 1150 and ''c.'' 1630, pp. 1085</ref>), have Celtic elements in their names,<ref name=Translation>{{App|Translation}}, p. 1135</ref> such as [[Gorhendad Oldbuck|Gorhendad]]<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 115</ref> or [[Saradoc Brandybuck|Saradoc]].<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 422</ref><ref>{{FR|Hobbits}}, p. 6 "the folk of the Marish, and of Buckland, [...] came for the most part later into the Shire from south-away; and they sill had many peculiar names"</ref> Tolkien mentioned that the survival of traces of the older language of the Stoors and the Bree-men resembled the survival of Celtic elements in England.<ref name=Translation/>

==Portrayals in adaptations==
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Dunlendings.jpg|thumb|left|Men and Women of Dunland]]
:The Dunlendings are not a unified entity, but rather a collection of clans named after their spirit animal (ox, boar, stag, falcon, dragon etc.) who often raid one another, with some weaker clans either enslaved or outright wiped out. Many wish to see all of Dunland unified as one and that dream was exploited by [[Saruman]], although not all clans joined with him and many oppose his influence either openly or in secret. Large clans span over multiple villages, and each village is led by a hereditary "Brenin" advised by a council of "Brehures". Most Dunlendings are simple farmers and herdsmen and their buildings are made of wood, straw and raw stone. All Dunlending men and women of age feature prominent facial tattoo markings.

'''2024: ''[[The War of the Rohirrim]]'':'''
:A deliberate distinction was made by the filmmakers between the "Dunlendings", men of the [[West-march]] who had Dunlendish ancestry but were on the same technological level as the [[Rohirrim]], and the "Wild Men" or the "Hill Tribes", much more rugged and less sophisticated inhabitants of [[Dunland]] proper. They are presented as distinct parts of [[Wulf]]'s army during the battle of [[Edoras]] and the siege of the [[Hornburg]].<ref name="Art Of">''[[The Art of The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim]]''</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Dunlendings| ]]
[[Category:Servants of Saruman]]
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]
[[de:Dunländer]]
[[fr:encyclo:peuples:hommes:dunlendings]]
[[fi:Mustainmaalaiset]]
[[pt-br:Terrapardenses]]

Olwyn

2025-09-07T14:34:03Z

Malachi:

{{expansion}}
{{adaptation}}
{{infobox character
| people=[[Rohirrim|Rohir]]
| name=Olwyn
| image=The War of the Rohirrim - Olwyn.png
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Rohan]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Rohanese]] and [[Westron]]
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Female
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Olwyn''' is the lady-in-waiting to [[Helm's daughter|Héra]], daughter of [[Helm Hammerhand]], in the film ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim]]''. She was originally called "Solwyn" in the early versions of the screenplay.<ref name="Art Of">''[[The Art of The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim]]''</ref>
[[Category:The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim characters]]
[[Category:Men from adaptations]]
[[Category:Rohirrim]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

Ashere

2025-09-07T14:22:19Z

Malachi:

{{expansion}}
{{adaptation}}
{{infobox character
| people = [[Horses|Horse]]
| image= The War of the Rohirrim - Ashere.png
| caption=
| name=Ashere
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Rohan]]
| affiliation=[[Helm's daughter|Héra]]
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| age=
| notablefor=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| race=[[Horses|Horse]]
| gender=Male<ref name="Art Of">''[[The Art of The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim]]''</ref>
| height=
| hair=''grey
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Ashere''' was the steed of [[Helm's daughter|Héra]], in the film ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim]]''. He is named after [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Æschere Æschere], a character from ''Beowulf''.<ref name="Art Of" />
[[Category:The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim characters]]
[[Category:Horses]]
[[Category:Animals from adaptations]]

Ashere

2025-09-07T14:10:04Z

Malachi:

{{expansion}}
{{adaptation}}
{{infobox character
| people = [[Horses|Horse]]
| image= The War of the Rohirrim - Ashere.png
| caption=
| name=Ashere
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Rohan]]
| affiliation=[[Helm's daughter|Héra]]
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| age=
| notablefor=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| race=[[Horses|Horse]]
| gender=
| height=
| hair=''grey
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Ashere''' was the steed of [[Helm's daughter|Héra]], in the film ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim]]''. She is named after [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Æschere Æschere], a character from ''Beowulf''.<ref>''[[The Art of The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim]]''</ref>
[[Category:The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim characters]]
[[Category:Horses]]
[[Category:Animals from adaptations]]

Helm's daughter

2025-09-07T13:56:23Z

Malachi: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

{{Unnamed}}
{{infobox character
| people=[[Rohirrim|Rohir]]
| name=Helm's daughter
| image=The War of the Rohirrim - Hera.jpg
| caption="Héra" depicted in [[The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim|The War of the Rohirrim]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Rohan]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Rohanese]] and [[Westron]]
| birth=before {{TA|2754}}
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Eorl]]
| parentage=[[Helm]]
| siblings=[[Haleth (son of Helm)|Haleth]] and [[Háma (son of Helm)|Háma]]
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Female
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}

'''Helm's daughter''' was the unnamed daughter of [[Helm|Helm Hammerhand]].<ref name="appendix">{{App|Eorl}}, p. 1065</ref>

==History==
In {{TA|2754}}<ref>{{App|Eorl}}, "Four years later (2758)", p. 1066</ref> [[Freca]], a rich and powerful man with wide lands on both side of the river [[Adorn]], who claimed to be descended from King [[Fréawine]] yet was said to have much [[Dunlendings|Dunlending]] blood, was called to a council by Helm. Freca rode to [[Edoras]] with a great force of men and asked Helm for the hand of his daughter for his son [[Wulf]]. When Helm insulted Freca to have grown fat, Freca in turn insulted Helm to be old and that he could fall on his knees if he refused the staff that Freca had offered with the proposed marriage. After the council Helm took Freca outside, sent everybody away and hit him with his fist so hard that Freca fell down stunned and died soon after that.<ref name="appendix" />

The actions of her father brought a retribution by Wulf who occupied Rohan. The maiden, whose fate during that event was unrecorded, lost her two brothers and father during the [[Long Winter]]. Her cousin, [[Fréaláf]], liberated Rohan and succeeded her father as King.<ref name="appendix" />

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | DEO | | |DEO=[[Déor]] ''{{TA|2644|n}} - {{TA|2718|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | GRA | | |GRA=[[Gram]] ''{{TA|2668|n}} - {{TA|2741|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | HEL | | HIL |HEL=[[Helm Hammerhand]] ''{{TA|2691|n}} - {{TA|2759|n}}''†|HIL=[[Hild]] ''unknown''}}
{{familytree | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|(| | | |!| |}}
{{familytree | HAL | | HAM | | DAU | | FRE |HAL=[[Haleth (son of Helm)|Haleth]] ''d. {{TA|2758|n}}''†|HAM=[[Háma (son of Helm)|Háma]] ''d. {{TA|2759|n}}''†|DAU='''''unnamed daughter''''' ''unknown''|FRE=[[Fréaláf|Fréaláf Hildeson]] ''{{TA|2726|n}} - {{TA|2798|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRY |BRY=[[Brytta|Brytta Léofa]] ''{{TA|2752|n}} - {{TA|2842|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''1985: ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]—[[Riders of Rohan (1985 book)|Riders of Rohan]]'':'''
:Helm's daughter is named Fréawyn.<ref>{{ICE|3100}}, p. 37</ref>

'''2017: ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]]'':'''
:Helm's daughter is featured in this game. She was taken by a warlord who wanted Helm's throne and took his daughter for a lover. Helm was shot at point blank range with arrows. As he lay dying at Edoras, [[Annatar]] and [[Celebrimbor]] visited the wounded king, giving him one of the [[Nine Rings|Nine Rings of Power]]. When he recovered, he attacked his would-be assassin, declaring that war had come upon his enemy's house. However, when Helm's daughter tried to stop her father's rage, Hammerhand accidentally struck her down, killing her (once again, depicted as wielding a war-hammer). Horrified, his grief turned to rage, and Helm proceeded to slaughter his rival and even his own captains who tried to stop him. He was thus transformed by the terrible incident and his Ring of Power into a [[Nazgûl]].

'''2024: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim]]'':'''
:Helm's daughter is featured in this film by the name '''Héra''', named by [[Fran Walsh]] after [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hera_Hilmar Hera Hilmar], the actress previously she worked with on the ''Mortal Engines'' film.<ref>''[[The Art of The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim]]''</ref> She is voiced by [[Gaia Wise]] in English.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt14824600/fullcredits|articlename=Full Cast & Crew|dated=|website=IMDB|accessed=20 August 2022}}</ref> As Wulf sought vengeance for his father and forced Helm and his people to make a desperate last stand in the [[Hornburg]], Héra summoned the will to lead the resistance against a deadly enemy intent on their total destruction. Héra is able to defeat Wulf in single combat. Prevailing over the Dunelending forces, Héra proclaims that the Hornburg would be known as [[Helm's Deep]] to future generations. Hera declines the crown in favor of her cousin Fréaláf and soon departs with her aunt [[Olwyn]] to meet a [[Gandalf|wizard]] inquiring after [[Rings of Power|rings]].

{{References}}

[[Category:Rohirrim]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

Fang (dog)

2025-06-11T23:05:13Z

Malachi:

{{disambig-two|Farmer Maggot's dog|word|[[Fang]]}}
{{infobox character
| people = [[Dogs|Dog]]
| image=The Lord of the Rings Online - Fang (dog).jpg
| caption=Fang in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''
| name=Fang
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Bamfurlong]]
| affiliation=[[Farmer Maggot]]
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| race=[[Dogs|Dog]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Fang''' was one of the guard [[dogs]] of [[Farmer Maggot]]'s [[Bamfurlong]]. Fang was one of the three large, wolf-like dogs, (the other two were named '[[Grip]]' and '[[Wolf (dog)|Wolf]]').

These ferocious but well-trained animals lived at his farm at the time of the [[War of the Ring]], but he had evidently kept other dogs before these. [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] had frightening memories of Maggot's dogs going back some thirty years, but the dogs that had threatened him three decades earlier could hardly have been Fang, Grip or Wolf.<ref>{{FR|I4}}</ref>

==Etymology==
Fang means "canine tooth" but was also an archaic English verb meaning "[[grip]]".<ref name="Nomen">{{HM|N}}, p. 757</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Fang, along with [[Wolf (dog)|Wolf]] and [[Grip]], is found next to [[Farmer Maggot]] in [[Bamfurlong]]. The dogs can be interacted with during the "Chicken Play" and are also part of a festival "Maggot's Mushroom Hunt" mini-game.

{{references}}
[[Category:Dogs]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]
[[de:Fang]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:animaux:chiens:croc]]
[[fi:Pyry]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Fang (dog).jpg

2025-06-11T23:04:15Z

Malachi: == Summary == {{Fairuse-Standingstone}} Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online Category:Images of Fang (dog)

== Summary ==
{{Fairuse-Standingstone}}
[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online]]
[[Category:Images of Fang (dog)]]

Wolf (dog)

2025-06-11T23:00:50Z

Malachi:

{{disambig-more|Wolf|[[Wolf (disambiguation)]]}}
{{infobox character
| people = [[Dogs|Dog]]
| image=The Lord of the Rings Online - Wolf (dog).jpg
| caption=Wolf in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''
| name=Wolf
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Bamfurlong]]
| affiliation=[[Farmer Maggot]]
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| race=[[Dogs|Dog]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Wolf''' was one of the three [[Dogs|dogs]] kept by [[Farmer Maggot]], a [[Hobbits|Hobbit]] of [[the Shire]]. The folk of the [[Marish]] near the Shire's eastern borders were untrusting of strangers and cautious of intruders. Farmer Maggot was one of these, and to protect himself from unwanted visitors he kept three large dogs: [[Grip]], [[Fang (dog)|Fang]] and Wolf. All three dogs were wolf-like in appearance, which is doubtless the source of Wolf's name. Of the three, circumstantial evidence suggests that Wolf was the largest, and the one who threatened [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] when he encountered Maggot while travelling to [[Buckland]].<ref>{{FR|I4}}</ref>
{{references}}

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Wolf, along with [[Fang (dog)|Fang]] and [[Grip]], is found next to [[Farmer Maggot]] in [[Bamfurlong]]. The dogs can be interacted with during the "Chicken Play" and are also part of a festival "Maggot's Mushroom Hunt" mini-game.

[[Category:Dogs]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/animaux/chiens/loup]]

File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Wolf (dog).jpg

2025-06-11T22:59:32Z

Malachi: == Summary == {{Fairuse-Standingstone}} Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online Category:Images of Wolf (dog)

== Summary ==
{{Fairuse-Standingstone}}
[[Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings Online]]
[[Category:Images of Wolf (dog)]]