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Fana

2017-06-27T05:59:03Z

Skmo:

''[[Fána]]'' is the physical form which is taken on by the [[Ainur]] when they desire to have tangible bodies. As divine spirits created by [[Ilúvatar]], the Ainur all have ''[[Fëa and hröa|fëar]]'' but unlike the [[Children of Ilúvatar]] they do not need to take on ''[[Fëa and hröa|hröar]]'' unless they desire.

Most of the Ainur choose to have a body, and when they do take on a physical form it is known as a ''[[Fána]]''. Although the Ainur are angelic beings of spirit, they each possess a specific gender, male or female, and this gender is part of who they are regardless of whether or not they take on a Fána. When they do take on a physical form it is a representation of their gender. [[Manwë|Manwë Súlimo]], for example, takes for himself a Fána in the form of a male, that of a great king. His wife, [[Varda|Varda Elentári]] clothes herself with the ''Fána'' in the form of a great and beautiful queen.

Although most of the Ainur do assume a physical body, some of the them, such as [[Ulmo]] rarely assume a physical form. Sometimes an Ainu can be hurt or injured to the point they are limited or unable to assume a physical form. After [[Sauron]] was caught in the [[Downfall of Númenor|destruction of Númenor]] he was unable to ever take on a fair form again, and after his loss of [[The One Ring]] at the end of the [[Second Age]] he was not able to take any physical shape for many years.

{{ainur}}

[[Category:Ainur| ]]

[[Category:Races]]

[[de:Ainur]]

Fana

2017-06-27T05:52:33Z

Skmo: Created page with "''Fána'' is the physical form which is taken on by the Ainur when they desire to have tangible bodies. As divine spirits created by Ilúvatar, the Ainur all have ''[[Fë..."

''Fána'' is the physical form which is taken on by the [[Ainur]] when they desire to have tangible bodies. As divine spirits created by [[Ilúvatar]], the Ainur all have ''[[Fëa and hröa|fëar]]'' but unlike the [[Children of Ilúvatar]] they do not need to take on ''[[Fëa and hröa|hröar]]'' unless they desire.

Most of the Ainur choose to have a body, and when they do take on a physical form it is known as a ''[[Fána]]''. Although the Ainur are angelic beings of spirit, they each possess a specific gender, male or female, and this gender is part of who they are regardless of whether or not they take on a Fána. When they do take on a physical form it is a representation of their gender. [[Manwë|Manwë Súlimo]], for example, takes for himself a Fána in the form of a male, that of a great king. His wife, [[Varda|Varda Elentári]] clothes herself with the Fána in the form of a great and beautiful queen.

Although most of the Ainur do assume a physical body, some of the them, such as [[Ulmo]] rarely assume a physical form. Sometimes an Ainu can be hurt or injured to the point they are limited or unable to assume a physical form. After [[Sauron]] was caught in the [[Downfall of Númenor|destruction of Númenor]] he was unable to ever take on a fair form again, and after his loss of [[The One Ring]] at the end of the [[Second Age]] he was not able to take any physical shape for many years.

{{ainur}}

[[Category:Ainur| ]]

[[Category:Races]]

[[de:Ainur]]

Valar

2017-06-25T03:42:24Z

Skmo: /* History */ Spelling changes of "Ea" to "Eä" anf "Feanor to "Fëanor"

{{expansion}}
{{people
| image=[[File:Jerrel Salvatierra - Powers of Arda.jpg|250px]]
| name=Valar
| dominions= [[Almaren]], [[Aman]]
| languages= [[Valarin]], [[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]], [[Telerin]], [[Khuzdul]]
| height=
| skincolor=
| haircolor=
| distinctions=[[Immortality]]; rulers of the [[World]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| members= '''''[[Aratar]]'''''; [[Irmo]], [[Tulkas]], [[Estë]], [[Vairë]], [[Vána]], [[Nessa]]; formerly [[Melkor]]
}}
{{pronounce|Quenya - Valar.mp3|Gilgamesh}}

The '''Valar''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. [[Exilic Noldorin|N]] {{IPA|[ˈvalar]}}, [[Vanyarin|V]] {{IPA|[ˈβalar]}}; sg. '''Vala''') were the '''Powers of Arda''' who shaped and rule the world. They lived on the Western continent of [[Aman]].

==Origins==
The Valar were [[Ainur]], [[spirits]] that were brought into being by [[Ilúvatar]]'s thought, and He may therefore be considered their father. Some of the Ainur were also considered siblings "in the thought of Ilúvatar". Each was granted insight into a specific part of Ilúvatar's thought, and was therefore more aligned in spirit with that part. The only exception was [[Melkor]], who was granted insight into every part of Ilúvatar's thought and was the mightiest of the Ainur.

After singing the [[Ainulindalë]], the Ainur witnessed the Vision of [[Ilúvatar]] and the creation of [[Eä]] (the Universe). Many Ainur chose to enter [[Eä]], agreeing not to leave it until the end of Arda (the World). The fourteen greatest Ainur who entered Eä, save [[Melkor]] who rebelled against Ilúvatar, were called the Valar. After entering Eä, the Valar and their followers—those [[Maiar]] who remained loyal to Ilúvatar and rejected Melkor's rebellion—started shaping Arda using their godlike powers over its physical matter, preparing it for the awakening of the [[Children of Ilúvatar]] ([[Elves]] and [[Men]]). Doing so required combating the evils of Melkor, who came to Arda to claim it as his own.

As Ainur, the Valar were divine, immortal spirits who had no physical body and could remain invisible. Nonetheless, they often took the shapes of Men, Elves, or other forms of nature.

Some called the Valar "[[gods]]," but they were actually emissaries or regents of Ilúvatar, and they were not to be themselves worshiped.<ref name="L156">{{L|156}}</ref> Their purpose was not to be lords or masters of the Children of Ilúvatar, but rather to serve as elders and guides.<ref name=SI>{{S|I}}</ref><ref>{{S|1}}</ref> The Valar were prohibited from depriving the Children of their free will,<ref>{{MR|P4i}}, p. 339</ref><ref>{{PM|XI2}}, p. 334</ref> killing or otherwise using force against them,<ref name="L156" /><ref>{{MR|P4k}}, p. 350</ref> or dominating them through displays of angelic power.<ref name="L156" />

Like all Ainur, the Valar had witnessed much the unfolding of the history of Arda in the Vision of Ilúvatar, but not all of it. Parts of this history, and certain parts of Ilúvatar's thought, such as the true nature and destiny of the [[Children of Ilúvatar]], remained hidden from them.<ref name=s3>{{S|3}}</ref>

==Names==

These are the names of the Valar as they were known to the [[Eldar]].

=== Lords of the Valar ===
* '''[[Manwë]] Súlimo''', King of the Valar
* '''[[Ulmo]]''', King of the Sea
* '''[[Aulë]] the Smith'''
* '''[[Oromë]] Aldaron''', the Great Rider
* '''[[Mandos]]''' (Námo), Judge of the Dead
* Lórien ([[Irmo]]), Master of Dreams and Desires
* [[Tulkas]] Astaldo, Champion of Valinor

=== Queens of the Valar (''Valier'') ===
* '''[[Varda]] Elentári''', Queen of the Stars, wife of Manwë
* '''[[Yavanna]] Kementári''', Giver of Fruits, wife of Aulë
* '''[[Nienna]]''', Lady of Mercy
* [[Estë]] the Gentle, wife of Irmo
* [[Vairë]] the Weaver, wife of Mandos
* [[Vána]] the Ever-young, wife of Oromë
* [[Nessa]] the Dancer, wife of Tulkas

In bolded names are the eight greatest of the Valar known as '''High Ones of Arda''' or '''Máhani''' and '''[[Aratar]]''' ([[Sindarin]]: ''Rodyn'') "Exalted". Melkor, the most powerful of all, is not counted among them.

The brothers [[Irmo|Lórien]] and [[Mandos]] are referred to collectively as the '''''[[Fëanturi]]''''' or "Masters of Spirits".

In Middle-earth, the individual Valar were known by other names in other languages. For example in [[Sindarin]], Varda was called "Elbereth". [[Men]] knew them by many other names, sometimes referring to them as "gods" at first. The [[Dwarves]] called Aulë, their creator, ''[[Aulë#Names and etymology|Mahal]]''. The [[Rohirrim]] knew Orome as ''[[Béma]]''.

==History==
When the Valar entered [[Eä]], Manwë and Melkor fought, and Manwë called other spirits to help him in his battle. Among these were the other Valar and the [[Maiar]]. After this [[First War with Melkor]], the Enemy withdrew from the battle into distant places of [[Eä]], and the others continued to shape the World.

Long before the [[Awakening of the Elves]], the Valar created the [[Two Lamps]] that illuminated the world, and while they were dwelling in the isle of [[Almaren]], nature prospered in the [[Spring of Arda]]. But Melkor saw this, and returned to fight for control of Arda, and marred the world by destroying the Lamps. The Valar retreated to [[Aman]] and founded [[Valinor]].<ref>{{S|1}}</ref> Outside the golden gates of the city [[Valimar]], the Valar gathered in [[Máhanaxar]] to hold their great councils, bathed in the light of the [[Two Trees]], and some of the most momentous decisions of Eä's history were made.
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Aulë and the Seven Fathers.jpg|thumb|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Aulë and the Seven Fathers'']]

While they dwelt in Valinor, most of Arda was dark and under the control of Melkor. Eventually the Valar (even Ulmo) came to the [[Ring of Doom]], and fearing about what would befall the Children, they decided a [[War for Sake of the Elves]], at the end of which they broke [[Utumno]] and [[Chaining of Melkor|Imprisoned Melkor for three Ages]]. It was decided to invite the Elves to Valinor. [[Ulmo]], despite initially disagreeing with this decision, helped the [[Eldar]] traverse the [[Great Sea]] to the [[West]]. During that period the Valar welcomed the [[Calaquendi]] in Valinor and they prospered under their guidance and the holy [[Light of Valinor]].<ref name=s3/>
[[File:Douglas Chaffee - Stars.jpg|thumb|left|[[Douglas Chaffee]] - ''Stars'']]

[[File:Ulla Thynell - Yavanna.jpg|thumb|Ulla Thynell - ''Yavanna'']]
But Melkor and [[Ungoliant]] killed the Two Trees and their [[Light of Valinor|Light]], and the Valar and the Elves mourned the [[Darkening of Valinor]]. [[Fëanor]], the most gifted of the Elves, rebelled against the Valar and refused to surrender the [[Silmarils]] to rekindle the Trees, and then opted to leave Valinor to wrest them from the Dark Lord. He blamed the Valar for Morgoth's deeds and most Elves were persuaded that because the Valar had abandoned them, the [[Noldor]] must follow him to [[Middle-earth]]. He and his [[Sons of Feanor|sons]] [[Oath of Feanor|vowed]] to fight anyone and everyone—Elf, Man, Maia, or Vala—who withheld the Silmarils.<ref>{{S|8}}</ref><ref>{{S|9}}</ref>
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Ulmo Appears before Tuor.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ted Nasmith]] - '' Ulmo Appears before Tuor'']]
After the departure of the rebelling Noldor, the Valar created the [[Sun]] and [[Moon]] from the last living growth of the Two Trees and appointed two Maiar to steer them through the skies. However after the Enemy attempted to destroy the Moon, the Valar fortified Valinor. The [[Nurtalë Valinóreva|Hiding of Valinor]] made it inaccessible to Morgoth, but also exiled the Noldor who followed Feanor.<ref>{{S|11}}</ref>

The Valar virtually abandoned the peoples of Middle-earth who suffered during the [[Wars of Beleriand]], although they had their ways to guide them through their sufferings: [[Ulmo]] urged [[Turgon]] and [[Finrod]] to build their hidden kingdoms and guided [[Tuor]] to [[Gondolin]] as a messenger for Turgon.
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Lúthien's Lament Before Mandos.jpg|thumb|Ted Nasmith - ''Lúthien's Lament Before Mandos'']]
Near the end of the [[First Age]], [[Eärendil]] breached the Hiding of Valinor and went before the Valar, and asked them for aid for Men and Elves in Middle-earth, to fight against Morgoth; and the Valar accepted his plea. The [[Host of the Valar]], composed of Maiar and [[Amanyar]] came to [[Beleriand]] and fought the great [[War of Wrath]] and managed their final victory over the Dark Lord, who was judged again, and expelled from Arda.<ref>{{S|24}}</ref> The road to Valinor opened again for the Elves, both the exiled Noldor and the [[Moriquendi]] of Middle-earth.

The [[Edain]] suffered much during the Wars and under Morgoth, and the Valar created the isle of [[Elenna]] for them, and blessed them and their descendants with wisdom, knowledge and longevity. But they imposed a ban on them to never travel westwards. Although the [[Númenóreans]] dominated the mortal lands, eventually they were restricted by the [[Ban of the Valar]] and the fear of death. They envied the Valar and the Elves of their [[immortality]], and [[King of Numenor|King]] [[Tar-Atanamir]] was the first to speak against the immortals.
[[File:Ted Nasmith - The Eagles of Manwë.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''The Eagles of Manwë'']]Eagle-shaped storm clouds, called the "Eagles of the Lords of the West", were sent by Manwë when he tried to reason or threaten the Númenóreans. But after several generations, [[Númenor]] fell under the corrupting influence of [[Sauron]] who eventually assured King [[Ar-Pharazôn]] that if he ever reached Aman he would become immortal. He gathered a [[Great Armament|great host of ships]] and sailed to break the Ban of the Valar and wage war upon them. But Manwë was aware of what transpired, and the Valar then laid down the Guardianship of Arda. Ilúvatar responded by catastrophically changing the shape of Arda. After the destruction of [[Númenor]], the Undying Lands were removed from Arda so that Men could not reach them and only the Elves could go there by the [[Straight Road]] and in ships capable of passing out of the Spheres of the earth.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref>

By the [[Third Age]], the Valar worried about the growing [[Shadow]] of Sauron, and they held counsel. They sent some Maiar who came to the mortal lands in the guise of old men, a part of some restrictions imposed upon them. They formed the order of the [[Wizards]] and opposed Sauron, until his demise in the [[War of the Ring]].<ref>{{UT|Istari}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RK}}</ref>

It is said that their guardianship will grow weak and the Dark Lord will eventually escape the [[Doors of Night]]. The Valar will fight him again in the [[Dagor Dagorath]], when the world will be destroyed, but the Ainur along with Elves and Men will sing anew a Second [[Music of the Ainur]]. All the Ainur know is that the Second Music will be greater than the First Music. Even the Ainur do not know anything of the second world or the Second Music only that it will be greater than the First Music.

==Etymology, names and titles==
The word ''[[vala]]'' means "(angelic) power" and derives from the [[root]] [[BAL]], having to do with mightiness and power. The [[Primitive Quendian]] form of the word was ''bálā'', pl. ''bal-ī''.<ref name=Ety>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 350 (root appearing as "BAL-")</ref> Related words suggested authority or divinity, eg. ''vala-'' "to rule"<ref>{{HM|WJ}}, p. 404</ref>.

The Valar were commemorated in the day-name [[Valanya]] and personal names such as [[Valandur]] or [[Valandil]]. The word is also the name of [[Tengwa]] #22.

In [[Sindarin]], they are called '''Belain''', sg. '''[[Balan]]''' as in the day-name ''[[Valanya|Orbelain]]'' and the constellation ''[[Valacirca|Cerch i Mbelain]]''. More commonly, they were called '''Rodyn''' (singular ''Rodon'') instead.

The Valar are also called '''the Lords of Valinor'''<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref> or '''númeheruvi''' "Lords-of-West" <ref>{{HM|SD}}, p.246</ref>

In [[Adunaic]], the Valar were '''Avalôi''' (pl.) and '''Avalôim''' (subj. pl.) "Powers". The female form (equivalent to ''Valie'') was '''Avalê''' "goddess".<ref>{{HM|SD}}, pp. 241, 305, 428</ref> They had also the title '''Barîm an-Adûn''' "Lords-of-West".<ref>{{HM|SD}}, p.247</ref>

In [[Ælfwine|Ælfwine's]] translations in [[Old English]], the Valar were called Frean "lords", Ese "gods", Bregan "rulers" and Maegen "powers".

==Relationships between the Valar==
In the mind of Eru, some Valar were siblings and others were couples. It was the Valar who first practiced marriage, and later passed on their custom to the Elves. The last marriage among the Valar (the only that took place within the world) was that of Tulkas and Nessa on Almaren.

Ulmo and Nienna (and Melkor) were unmarried. In the diagram below the Aratar are in '''bold''' font and the Fëanturi are in ''Italic'' font.

<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ILU | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ILU=[[Ilúvatar]]}}
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:;background-color:#FFFFFF;| |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:;background-color:#FFFFFF;| |!| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| |}}
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:;background-color:#FFFFFF;| VAI |~| MAN | | NIE | | IRM |~| EST | | ULM | | MEL | | MWE |~| VAR | | AUL |~| YAV | | VAN |~| ORO | | NES |~| TUL |VAI=[[Vairë]]|MAN='''''[[Mandos]]'''''|NIE='''[[Nienna]]'''|IRM=''[[Irmo]]''|EST=[[Estë]]|ULM='''[[Ulmo]]'''|MEL=[[Morgoth|Melkor]]|MWE='''[[Manwë]]'''|VAR='''[[Varda]]'''|AUL='''[[Aulë]]'''|YAV='''[[Yavanna]]'''|VAN=[[Vána]]|ORO='''[[Oromë]]'''|NES=[[Nessa]]|TUL=[[Tulkas]]}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>
==Other versions of the Legendarium==
In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', the Valar were more closely associated with pagan mythologies. Other than marrying, they were able to have children. [[Fionwe]] and [[Ilmare]] were first conceived as the children of Manwe and Varda and [[Gothmog]] as the son of Melko. The '''Valarindi''' ("Offspring of the Valar") were made Maiar in the later Legendarium.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://askmiddlearth.tumblr.com/post/81130376337/children-of-the-valar|articlename=Children of the Valar|website=[http://askmiddlearth.tumblr.com Ask About Middle-earth]}}</ref>

In those earlier conceptions, the word ''Vala'' was associated with [[Qenya]] words for happiness and blessedness, as seen in the words ''valin'' and ''valimo'' "happy". Thus the word Valar meant "Happy ones" before being reconceived as being associated with power.The Qenya female form of the Vala was ''Valde'' or ''Valis''. <ref>{{webcite|author=[[Helge Fauskanger]]|articleurl=http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/quen-eng.htm|articlename=Quettaparma Quenyallo|website=Arda}}</ref>

In the ''[[Etymologies]]'' it said that the word has no female form, and the female Valar are called ''Valatári'' or "Queen of the Valar".<ref name=Ety/> In the published ''Silmarillion'' the female form is ''Valie''.

==See also==
*[[Valaquenta]]
{{references}}
{{ainur}}
[[Category:Valar| ]]
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]
[[de:Valar]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/ainur/valar]]
[[fi:Valar]]

Valar

2017-06-25T03:38:09Z

Skmo: /* History */ I made a grammatical change of the past tense form "agreed" to the gerund form "agreeing" in a sentence.

{{expansion}}
{{people
| image=[[File:Jerrel Salvatierra - Powers of Arda.jpg|250px]]
| name=Valar
| dominions= [[Almaren]], [[Aman]]
| languages= [[Valarin]], [[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]], [[Telerin]], [[Khuzdul]]
| height=
| skincolor=
| haircolor=
| distinctions=[[Immortality]]; rulers of the [[World]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| members= '''''[[Aratar]]'''''; [[Irmo]], [[Tulkas]], [[Estë]], [[Vairë]], [[Vána]], [[Nessa]]; formerly [[Melkor]]
}}
{{pronounce|Quenya - Valar.mp3|Gilgamesh}}

The '''Valar''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. [[Exilic Noldorin|N]] {{IPA|[ˈvalar]}}, [[Vanyarin|V]] {{IPA|[ˈβalar]}}; sg. '''Vala''') were the '''Powers of Arda''' who shaped and rule the world. They lived on the Western continent of [[Aman]].

==Origins==
The Valar were [[Ainur]], [[spirits]] that were brought into being by [[Ilúvatar]]'s thought, and He may therefore be considered their father. Some of the Ainur were also considered siblings "in the thought of Ilúvatar". Each was granted insight into a specific part of Ilúvatar's thought, and was therefore more aligned in spirit with that part. The only exception was [[Melkor]], who was granted insight into every part of Ilúvatar's thought and was the mightiest of the Ainur.

After singing the [[Ainulindalë]], the Ainur witnessed the Vision of [[Ilúvatar]] and the creation of [[Eä]] (the Universe). Many Ainur chose to enter [[Eä]], agreeing not to leave it until the end of Arda (the World). The fourteen greatest Ainur who entered Eä, save [[Melkor]] who rebelled against Ilúvatar, were called the Valar. After entering Eä, the Valar and their followers—those [[Maiar]] who remained loyal to Ilúvatar and rejected Melkor's rebellion—started shaping Arda using their godlike powers over its physical matter, preparing it for the awakening of the [[Children of Ilúvatar]] ([[Elves]] and [[Men]]). Doing so required combating the evils of Melkor, who came to Arda to claim it as his own.

As Ainur, the Valar were divine, immortal spirits who had no physical body and could remain invisible. Nonetheless, they often took the shapes of Men, Elves, or other forms of nature.

Some called the Valar "[[gods]]," but they were actually emissaries or regents of Ilúvatar, and they were not to be themselves worshiped.<ref name="L156">{{L|156}}</ref> Their purpose was not to be lords or masters of the Children of Ilúvatar, but rather to serve as elders and guides.<ref name=SI>{{S|I}}</ref><ref>{{S|1}}</ref> The Valar were prohibited from depriving the Children of their free will,<ref>{{MR|P4i}}, p. 339</ref><ref>{{PM|XI2}}, p. 334</ref> killing or otherwise using force against them,<ref name="L156" /><ref>{{MR|P4k}}, p. 350</ref> or dominating them through displays of angelic power.<ref name="L156" />

Like all Ainur, the Valar had witnessed much the unfolding of the history of Arda in the Vision of Ilúvatar, but not all of it. Parts of this history, and certain parts of Ilúvatar's thought, such as the true nature and destiny of the [[Children of Ilúvatar]], remained hidden from them.<ref name=s3>{{S|3}}</ref>

==Names==

These are the names of the Valar as they were known to the [[Eldar]].

=== Lords of the Valar ===
* '''[[Manwë]] Súlimo''', King of the Valar
* '''[[Ulmo]]''', King of the Sea
* '''[[Aulë]] the Smith'''
* '''[[Oromë]] Aldaron''', the Great Rider
* '''[[Mandos]]''' (Námo), Judge of the Dead
* Lórien ([[Irmo]]), Master of Dreams and Desires
* [[Tulkas]] Astaldo, Champion of Valinor

=== Queens of the Valar (''Valier'') ===
* '''[[Varda]] Elentári''', Queen of the Stars, wife of Manwë
* '''[[Yavanna]] Kementári''', Giver of Fruits, wife of Aulë
* '''[[Nienna]]''', Lady of Mercy
* [[Estë]] the Gentle, wife of Irmo
* [[Vairë]] the Weaver, wife of Mandos
* [[Vána]] the Ever-young, wife of Oromë
* [[Nessa]] the Dancer, wife of Tulkas

In bolded names are the eight greatest of the Valar known as '''High Ones of Arda''' or '''Máhani''' and '''[[Aratar]]''' ([[Sindarin]]: ''Rodyn'') "Exalted". Melkor, the most powerful of all, is not counted among them.

The brothers [[Irmo|Lórien]] and [[Mandos]] are referred to collectively as the '''''[[Fëanturi]]''''' or "Masters of Spirits".

In Middle-earth, the individual Valar were known by other names in other languages. For example in [[Sindarin]], Varda was called "Elbereth". [[Men]] knew them by many other names, sometimes referring to them as "gods" at first. The [[Dwarves]] called Aulë, their creator, ''[[Aulë#Names and etymology|Mahal]]''. The [[Rohirrim]] knew Orome as ''[[Béma]]''.

==History==
When the Valar entered [[Ea]], Manwë and Melkor fought, and Manwë called other spirits to help him in his battle. Among these were the other Valar and the [[Maiar]]. After this [[First War with Melkor]], the Enemy withdrew from the battle into distant places of [[Eä]], and the others continued to shape the World.

Long before the [[Awakening of the Elves]], the Valar created the [[Two Lamps]] that illuminated the world, and while they were dwelling in the isle of [[Almaren]], nature prospered in the [[Spring of Arda]]. But Melkor saw this, and returned to fight for control of Arda, and marred the world by destroying the Lamps. The Valar retreated to [[Aman]] and founded [[Valinor]].<ref>{{S|1}}</ref> Outside the golden gates of the city [[Valimar]], the Valar gathered in [[Máhanaxar]] to hold their great councils, bathed in the light of the [[Two Trees]], and some of the most momentous decisions of Eä's history were made.
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Aulë and the Seven Fathers.jpg|thumb|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Aulë and the Seven Fathers'']]

While they dwelt in Valinor, most of Arda was dark and under the control of Melkor. Eventually the Valar (even Ulmo) came to the [[Ring of Doom]], and fearing about what would befall the Children, they decided a [[War for Sake of the Elves]], at the end of which they broke [[Utumno]] and [[Chaining of Melkor|Imprisoned Melkor for three Ages]]. It was decided to invite the Elves to Valinor. [[Ulmo]], despite initially disagreeing with this decision, helped the [[Eldar]] traverse the [[Great Sea]] to the [[West]]. During that period the Valar welcomed the [[Calaquendi]] in Valinor and they prospered under their guidance and the holy [[Light of Valinor]].<ref name=s3/>
[[File:Douglas Chaffee - Stars.jpg|thumb|left|[[Douglas Chaffee]] - ''Stars'']]

[[File:Ulla Thynell - Yavanna.jpg|thumb|Ulla Thynell - ''Yavanna'']]
But Melkor and [[Ungoliant]] killed the Two Trees and their [[Light of Valinor|Light]], and the Valar and the Elves mourned the [[Darkening of Valinor]]. [[Feanor]], the most gifted of the Elves, rebelled against the Valar and refused to surrender the [[Silmarils]] to rekindle the Trees, and then opted to leave Valinor to wrest them from the Dark Lord. He blamed the Valar for Morgoth's deeds and most Elves were persuaded that because the Valar had abandoned them, the [[Noldor]] must follow him to [[Middle-earth]]. He and his [[Sons of Feanor|sons]] [[Oath of Feanor|vowed]] to fight anyone and everyone—Elf, Man, Maia, or Vala—who withheld the Silmarils.<ref>{{S|8}}</ref><ref>{{S|9}}</ref>
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Ulmo Appears before Tuor.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ted Nasmith]] - '' Ulmo Appears before Tuor'']]
After the departure of the rebelling Noldor, the Valar created the [[Sun]] and [[Moon]] from the last living growth of the Two Trees and appointed two Maiar to steer them through the skies. However after the Enemy attempted to destroy the Moon, the Valar fortified Valinor. The [[Nurtalë Valinóreva|Hiding of Valinor]] made it inaccessible to Morgoth, but also exiled the Noldor who followed Feanor.<ref>{{S|11}}</ref>

The Valar virtually abandoned the peoples of Middle-earth who suffered during the [[Wars of Beleriand]], although they had their ways to guide them through their sufferings: [[Ulmo]] urged [[Turgon]] and [[Finrod]] to build their hidden kingdoms and guided [[Tuor]] to [[Gondolin]] as a messenger for Turgon.
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Lúthien's Lament Before Mandos.jpg|thumb|Ted Nasmith - ''Lúthien's Lament Before Mandos'']]
Near the end of the [[First Age]], [[Eärendil]] breached the Hiding of Valinor and went before the Valar, and asked them for aid for Men and Elves in Middle-earth, to fight against Morgoth; and the Valar accepted his plea. The [[Host of the Valar]], composed of Maiar and [[Amanyar]] came to [[Beleriand]] and fought the great [[War of Wrath]] and managed their final victory over the Dark Lord, who was judged again, and expelled from Arda.<ref>{{S|24}}</ref> The road to Valinor opened again for the Elves, both the exiled Noldor and the [[Moriquendi]] of Middle-earth.

The [[Edain]] suffered much during the Wars and under Morgoth, and the Valar created the isle of [[Elenna]] for them, and blessed them and their descendants with wisdom, knowledge and longevity. But they imposed a ban on them to never travel westwards. Although the [[Númenóreans]] dominated the mortal lands, eventually they were restricted by the [[Ban of the Valar]] and the fear of death. They envied the Valar and the Elves of their [[immortality]], and [[King of Numenor|King]] [[Tar-Atanamir]] was the first to speak against the immortals.
[[File:Ted Nasmith - The Eagles of Manwë.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''The Eagles of Manwë'']]Eagle-shaped storm clouds, called the "Eagles of the Lords of the West", were sent by Manwë when he tried to reason or threaten the Númenóreans. But after several generations, [[Númenor]] fell under the corrupting influence of [[Sauron]] who eventually assured King [[Ar-Pharazôn]] that if he ever reached Aman he would become immortal. He gathered a [[Great Armament|great host of ships]] and sailed to break the Ban of the Valar and wage war upon them. But Manwë was aware of what transpired, and the Valar then laid down the Guardianship of Arda. Ilúvatar responded by catastrophically changing the shape of Arda. After the destruction of [[Númenor]], the Undying Lands were removed from Arda so that Men could not reach them and only the Elves could go there by the [[Straight Road]] and in ships capable of passing out of the Spheres of the earth.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref>

By the [[Third Age]], the Valar worried about the growing [[Shadow]] of Sauron, and they held counsel. They sent some Maiar who came to the mortal lands in the guise of old men, a part of some restrictions imposed upon them. They formed the order of the [[Wizards]] and opposed Sauron, until his demise in the [[War of the Ring]].<ref>{{UT|Istari}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RK}}</ref>

It is said that their guardianship will grow weak and the Dark Lord will eventually escape the [[Doors of Night]]. The Valar will fight him again in the [[Dagor Dagorath]], when the world will be destroyed, but the Ainur along with Elves and Men will sing anew a Second [[Music of the Ainur]]. All the Ainur know is that the Second Music will be greater than the First Music. Even the Ainur do not know anything of the second world or the Second Music only that it will be greater than the First Music.

==Etymology, names and titles==
The word ''[[vala]]'' means "(angelic) power" and derives from the [[root]] [[BAL]], having to do with mightiness and power. The [[Primitive Quendian]] form of the word was ''bálā'', pl. ''bal-ī''.<ref name=Ety>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 350 (root appearing as "BAL-")</ref> Related words suggested authority or divinity, eg. ''vala-'' "to rule"<ref>{{HM|WJ}}, p. 404</ref>.

The Valar were commemorated in the day-name [[Valanya]] and personal names such as [[Valandur]] or [[Valandil]]. The word is also the name of [[Tengwa]] #22.

In [[Sindarin]], they are called '''Belain''', sg. '''[[Balan]]''' as in the day-name ''[[Valanya|Orbelain]]'' and the constellation ''[[Valacirca|Cerch i Mbelain]]''. More commonly, they were called '''Rodyn''' (singular ''Rodon'') instead.

The Valar are also called '''the Lords of Valinor'''<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref> or '''númeheruvi''' "Lords-of-West" <ref>{{HM|SD}}, p.246</ref>

In [[Adunaic]], the Valar were '''Avalôi''' (pl.) and '''Avalôim''' (subj. pl.) "Powers". The female form (equivalent to ''Valie'') was '''Avalê''' "goddess".<ref>{{HM|SD}}, pp. 241, 305, 428</ref> They had also the title '''Barîm an-Adûn''' "Lords-of-West".<ref>{{HM|SD}}, p.247</ref>

In [[Ælfwine|Ælfwine's]] translations in [[Old English]], the Valar were called Frean "lords", Ese "gods", Bregan "rulers" and Maegen "powers".

==Relationships between the Valar==
In the mind of Eru, some Valar were siblings and others were couples. It was the Valar who first practiced marriage, and later passed on their custom to the Elves. The last marriage among the Valar (the only that took place within the world) was that of Tulkas and Nessa on Almaren.

Ulmo and Nienna (and Melkor) were unmarried. In the diagram below the Aratar are in '''bold''' font and the Fëanturi are in ''Italic'' font.

<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ILU | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ILU=[[Ilúvatar]]}}
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:;background-color:#FFFFFF;| |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:;background-color:#FFFFFF;| |!| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| |}}
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:;background-color:#FFFFFF;| VAI |~| MAN | | NIE | | IRM |~| EST | | ULM | | MEL | | MWE |~| VAR | | AUL |~| YAV | | VAN |~| ORO | | NES |~| TUL |VAI=[[Vairë]]|MAN='''''[[Mandos]]'''''|NIE='''[[Nienna]]'''|IRM=''[[Irmo]]''|EST=[[Estë]]|ULM='''[[Ulmo]]'''|MEL=[[Morgoth|Melkor]]|MWE='''[[Manwë]]'''|VAR='''[[Varda]]'''|AUL='''[[Aulë]]'''|YAV='''[[Yavanna]]'''|VAN=[[Vána]]|ORO='''[[Oromë]]'''|NES=[[Nessa]]|TUL=[[Tulkas]]}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>
==Other versions of the Legendarium==
In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', the Valar were more closely associated with pagan mythologies. Other than marrying, they were able to have children. [[Fionwe]] and [[Ilmare]] were first conceived as the children of Manwe and Varda and [[Gothmog]] as the son of Melko. The '''Valarindi''' ("Offspring of the Valar") were made Maiar in the later Legendarium.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://askmiddlearth.tumblr.com/post/81130376337/children-of-the-valar|articlename=Children of the Valar|website=[http://askmiddlearth.tumblr.com Ask About Middle-earth]}}</ref>

In those earlier conceptions, the word ''Vala'' was associated with [[Qenya]] words for happiness and blessedness, as seen in the words ''valin'' and ''valimo'' "happy". Thus the word Valar meant "Happy ones" before being reconceived as being associated with power.The Qenya female form of the Vala was ''Valde'' or ''Valis''. <ref>{{webcite|author=[[Helge Fauskanger]]|articleurl=http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/quen-eng.htm|articlename=Quettaparma Quenyallo|website=Arda}}</ref>

In the ''[[Etymologies]]'' it said that the word has no female form, and the female Valar are called ''Valatári'' or "Queen of the Valar".<ref name=Ety/> In the published ''Silmarillion'' the female form is ''Valie''.

==See also==
*[[Valaquenta]]
{{references}}
{{ainur}}
[[Category:Valar| ]]
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]
[[de:Valar]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/ainur/valar]]
[[fi:Valar]]

Húrin

2017-06-25T03:01:53Z

Skmo: /* The Curse of Morgoth */ I added a comment that Húrin at last gave Thingol the Nauglamír freely, and that the curse of Morgoth, the Oath of Fëanor, and the Doom of Mandos contributed to Doriath's eventual destruction.

{{sources}}
{{disambig-more|Húrin|[[Húrin (disambiguation)]]}}
{{Edain infobox
| name=Húrin Thalion
| image=[[File:Kimberly - Hurin Thalion.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Hurin Thalion" by [[:Category:Images by Kimberly|Kimberly]]
| pronun=
| othernames=''[[Thalion]]'' ([[Sindarin|S]] "Steadfast"), ''[[Úmarth]]'' ([[Sindarin|S]] "Ill-fate") Úrin (in the [[Lost Tales]])
| titles=[[Lord of Dor-lómin]]
| position=
| location=[[Dor-lómin]], [[Thangorodrim]] (imprisoned)
| affiliation=[[Union of Maedhros]]
| language=[[Mannish]] dialect
| birth={{FA|441}}
| birthlocation=[[Dor-lómin]]
| rule={{FA|462}} - {{FA|472|n}}
| death={{FA|502}}
| deathlocation=[[Belegaer]] (suicide)
| age=61
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Hador]]
| parentage=[[Galdor (Lord of Dor-lómin)|Galdor]] & [[Hareth]]
| siblings=[[Huor]]
| spouse=[[Morwen|Morwen Eledhwen]]
| children=[[Túrin]], [[Lalaith]] & [[Nienor]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=Blond/Grey
| eyes=Blue<ref name="UT">{{UT|Narn}}</ref><ref name="Death">{{CH|18}}</ref>
| clothing=
| weapons=Sword and axe
| steed=
}}

'''Húrin Thalion''' ("the Steadfast"), was the eldest son of [[Galdor (Lord of Dor-lómin)|Galdor]] and [[Hareth]], older brother of [[Huor]], father of [[Túrin|Túrin Turambar]] and [[Nienor]], and [[Lord of Dor-lómin]]. Húrin was captured by [[Morgoth]] at the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]] and he and his kin were cursed by the Dark Lord. The curse led to some of the greatest successes and tragedies of the First Age. He was the greatest warrior of Men in the First Age.

==History==
=== Early Years ===
The grandson of [[Hador|Hador Lórindol]], founder of the [[House of Hador]], was raised with his younger brother Huor in the forest of Brethil. In {{FA|458}}, the brothers joined a war party but were separated and trapped in the Vale of Sirion. The Vala [[Ulmo]] caused a mist to rise and the two escaped into [[Dimbar]]. From there, [[Eagles]] flew them to the gates of the hidden city [[Gondolin]]. King [[Turgon]] welcomed the brothers, remembering a prophecy that the children of Hador would aid Gondolin during its darkest hour. They remained with Turgon for a time and, after swearing an oath of secrecy, were returned to Dor-lómin sometime before {{FA|462|n}}.

=== Lord of Dor-lómin ===

In {{FA|462}} orcs invaded Hithlum and Galdor was slain defending the wells of [[Eithel Sirion]]. Húrin drove off the Orcs and returned to rule as the third Lord of Dor-lómin and the seventh Chieftain of the [[House of Hador]] ([[House of Marach]]). Two years later he married [[Morwen|Morwen Eledhwen]] of the [[House of Bëor]]. Their son Túrin was born shortly thereafter, followed by a daughter, Urwen. Urwen, better known as Lalaith ("Laughter"), died of the plague when she was three.
[[File:Steamey - Hurin.jpg|thumb|left|Steamey - ''Hurin'']]
In {{FA|472|n}}, the alliance known as [[Union of Maedhros]] led Elves, Dwarves, and Men to assault Morgoth in the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]] ("The Battle of Unnumbered Tears"). A debacle, High King Fingon and his host were separated from the other half of the army and Fingon himself was slain by a [[Balrogs|Balrog]]. With their liege lord slain and facing a rout, Húrin and Huor convinced King Turgon to withdraw and keep the secret of Gondolin. To defend his escape, the soldiers of Dor-lómin formed a line across the [[Fen of Serech]] and were slaughtered by the forces of Morgoth. Huor was slain by an arrow through the eye, but Húrin fought on until he was buried under the weight of bodies of orcs and trolls.

Captured, Húrin was brought before Morgoth and tortured for the secret of Gondolin's location. When he would not break, Morgoth cursed him and all his kin. The Dark Lord then chained Húrin to a chair high on the slopes of [[Thangorodrim]] where, through Morgoth's sorcery, he could watch the tragedies that would befall his family.

=== The Curse of Morgoth ===
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Morgoth Punishes Húrin.jpg|thumb|left|200px| [[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Morgoth Punishes Húrin'']]For 28 years, Húrin watched the curse destroy his children. His daughter, [[Nienor]], was born shortly after his capture and was trapped in the doom of Túrin. Their actions also led to the destruction of [[Nargothrond]], one of the last kingdoms of the Noldor. Now only Gondolin remained.

In 499, after the death of his children, Morgoth freed Húrin. The broken man first returned to Dor-lómin, which was now ruled by Easterlings loyal to Morgoth. Finding none of his kin, he traveled with outlaws to the mountains of [[Echoriath]], searching for the entrance to Gondolin. At first Turgon refused him, but later recanted and sent Eagles to bring him to Gondolin. Húrin had already left for the Forest of Brethil, but Morgoth's curse had already ensnared Gondolin, for the Dark Lord's spies now knew the location of the [[Gondolin|Hidden Kingdom]].

In the Forest of Brethil he found the graves of his children. His wife, Morwen, was there and she died shortly after. After burying his wife, Húrin went to the settlement of [[Ephel Brandir]], the home of the [[People of Haleth]], with whom Túrin lived the last years of his life. Angry and grieving, he turned the People of Haleth against one another and ruined Ephel Brandir.

Húrin continued on to the ruins of Nargothrond, where he found the [[Petty-dwarves|Petty-dwarf]] [[Mîm]]. The petty-dwarf had betrayed Túrin years ago and in revenge Húrin slaughtered him. Mîm had claimed the treasure of Nargothrond, but Húrin recovered the Nauglamir and took it to [[Doriath]], the last great elvish kingdom.

Húrin was allowed to enter [[Menegroth]], the capital of Doriath, where in anger he threw the [[Nauglamir|Nauglamír]] before King [[Thingol]] and 'thanked' him for aiding his son. Thingol's wife, [[Melian]], finally pierced through Húrin's madness and grief, and shamed by his actions, he picked up the Nauglamír to give to the king as a gift and memorial, then he left Menegroth a broken man. Since Húrin left the Nauglamír, the curse of Morgoth, the Oath of Fëanor, and the Doom of Mandos would later contribute to the destruction of Doriath as well.

[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Húrin Finds Morwen.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Húrin Finds Morwen'']]

=== Death and Legacy ===

Around {{FA|500}}, Húrin reached the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]] and in despair drowned himself. His life, and the lives of his children would become the ''[[Narn i Chîn Húrin (tale)|Narn i Chîn Húrin]]''

==Etymology==
{{Pronounce|Hurin Thalion.mp3|Ardamir}}
Húrin is [[Sindarin]] for "The Steadfast".

In the [[Elder Days]], the original form of the name was ''Chúrind'' (hard initial '''ch''' and audible '''d''' on the end) and presumably Húrin Thalion was called like that during his lifetime.

''Húrin'' is the later form as it evolved until the [[Third Age]] when it was adopted by [[Húrin (disambiguation)|other individuals]] who took it as a name; and that is how this ancient name was referred in the [[Quenta Silmarillion]].

[[Thalion]] means "Hardened".

==Other versions of the legendarium==
''[[The Silmarillion]]'' states that Húrin died at the age of 65. In [[The Grey Annals]] this was amended to 66 - in accordance with the genealogies in ''[[The War of the Jewels|War of the Jewels]]'' - but [[Christopher Tolkien]] did not adopt the change into the published text.

== Genealogy ==

 
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | BRE | | | | HAL | | HAD | BRE=[[Bregolas]]|HAL=[[Halmir]]|HAD=[[Hador|Hador Lórindol]]}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | |!|}}
{{familytree | BEL | | BAR | | HAR |y| GAL | BEL=[[Belegund]]|BAR=[[Baragund]]|GAL=[[Galdor (Lord of Dor-lómin)|Galdor of Dor-lómin]]|HAR=[[Hareth]]}}
{{familytree | | | | | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.|}}
{{familytree | | | | | MOR |y| HUR | | HUO | | |MOR=[[Morwen|Morwen Eledhwen]]|HUR='''HÚRIN THALION'''|HUO=[[Huor]]}}
{{familytree | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | TUR | | LAL | | NIE | | | | TUR=[[Túrin|Túrin Turambar]]|LAL=[[Lalaith]]|NIE=[[Nienor]]}}
{{familytree | | | |L|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|J| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree/end}}
 

== See also ==
* [[:Category:Images of Húrin|Images of Húrin]]
* [[The Children of Húrin]]

{{references}}
* ''[[The Children of Húrin]]'', passim
* ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Of Túrin Turambar]]
* ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Of the Coming of Men into the West]]
* ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', [[Narn i Hîn Húrin]]
* ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part Two]]'', [[Turambar and the Foalókë]]
* ''[[The War of the Jewels]]'', [[The Wanderings of Húrin]]

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
|race=edain
|house=[[House of Hador]]
|born={{FA|441}}
|died={{FA|502}}
}}
{{seq
|pvac=
|prev=[[Galdor (Lord of Dor-lómin)|Galdor]]
|nvac=None
|next=[[Dor-lómin]] overrun
|list=[[Lord of Dor-lómin]]
|dates={{FA|462}} – {{FA|472|n}}
}}
{{seq-end}}

[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Children of Húrin]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:House of Hador]]
[[Category:House of Haleth]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hurin}}
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]

[[de:Húrin Thalion]]
[[fi:Húrin]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/1a/peuple_de_hador/hurin]]

Battles of Beleriand

2017-06-25T02:02:49Z

Skmo: I added a comment about the First Battle of Beleriand not being about the Silmarilli since although it didn't end until Fëanor's arrival, it was begun and fought by Morgoth to gain control of all Beleriand.

{{war
| previous=[[War for Sake of the Elves]]
| next=[[War of Wrath]]
| image=
| name=Wars of Beleriand
| place=East and West Beleriand
| result=Decisive victory for the [[Valar]], Expulsion of [[Morgoth]] from Arda
| battles=[[First Battle of Beleriand]], [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]], [[Battle of the Lammoth]], [[Dagor Aglareb]], [[Dagor Bragollach]], [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]], [[Fall of the Falas]], [[War of Wrath]]
| begin= {{FA|1}}
| end= {{FA|587}}
| side1=Noldor, Sindar, Dwarves, Valar, Maiar, Edain
| side2=Morgoth's forces of Angband
| commanders1=[[File:Ted Nasmith - The First Dawn of the Sun (cropped).jpg|35px]] [[Oromë]]
* [[Tulkas]]
{{Maedhros blazon}} [[Fëanor]]†
{{Maedhros blazon|died}} 
{{Fingolfin blazon|died}} 
{{Fingon blazon|died}} 
* [[Turgon]]†
* [[Círdan]]
* [[Huan]]†
{{Finrod blazon|died}} 
{{Eärendil blazon}} 
{{Finarfin blazon}}
| commanders2={{Morgoth blazon}}
* [[Sauron]]
* [[Ancalagon]]†
* [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]]†
* [[Glaurung]]†
* [[Thuringwethil]]†
* [[Draugluin]]†
* [[Carcharoth]]†
* [[Ulfang]]†
}}

There were many battles between the [[Elves]] of [[Beleriand]] and the forces of [[Morgoth]] in the centuries making up the [[First Age]].

These battles are often referred to as the '''Wars of Beleriand''' or '''Battles of Beleriand''', but also as the '''War of the Jewels''' as the [[Silmarilli]] were behind them all but the [[First Battle of Beleriand]].

== Significant Battles ==

The following are the major battles in this long, extended conflict. Morgoth ever used Angband as a mighty fortress, and the base from which to launch his devastating attacks. While the Ñoldor had their victories, the [[Doom of Mandos]] always hung over their efforts. Many Men fell in these battles on both sides, and for a long time after the Elves had scorn for the Houses who supported Morgoth.

#The [[First Battle of Beleriand]] was fought before the [[Noldor|Ñoldor]] arrived, and was fought by the [[Sindar]] and [[Laiquendi]].
#The Second Battle was the [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]], or ''Battle-under-Stars'', fought by the Ñoldor following [[Fëanor]] and his [[Sons of Fëanor|Seven Sons]].
#*During this battle the [[Battle of the Lammoth]] was fought by the host of [[Fingolfin]].
#The Third Battle was the [[Dagor Aglareb]], or ''Glorious Battle'', which led to the [[Siege of Angband]].
#*Various minor battles were fought during the Siege which are not counted among the majors.
#The Fourth Battle was the disastrous [[Dagor Bragollach]], or ''Battle of Sudden Flame'', in which [[Ard-galen]] burned and many Ñoldor, including [[Fingolfin]], were slain.
#The Fifth Battle was the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]] or ''Battle of Unnumbered Tears'', in which the [[Union of Maedhros]] was utterly broken by Morgoth.
#*The [[Fall of the Falas]], in which the havens of [[Brithombar]] and [[Eglarest]] were sacked and fell, took place after the Nírnaeth.
#*The [[Sack of Nargothrond]], where the city was destroyed by [[Glaurung]] and his [[Orcs]].
#*The [[Fall of Gondolin]], in which Morgoth's hosts besieged and destroyed the Ñoldor and their citadel of [[Gondolin]], killing King [[Turgon]].
#The Sixth and Last Battle of Beleriand was the [[War of Wrath]], which defeated Morgoth, ended the [[First Age]] of [[Arda]] and destroyed Beleriand.

[[Category:Conflicts of the First Age]]
[[Category:Wars]]
[[fi:Beleriandin Taistelut]]

Tuor

2017-06-24T23:44:32Z

Skmo: /* Genealogy */ I added a link to the House of the Wing.

{{Edain infobox
| name=Tuor
| image=[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Tuor at Vinyamar.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Tuor at Vinyamar" by [[Ted Nasmith]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Tuor [[Eladar]] Tuor [[Ulmondil]] Tuor the Blessed
| titles=Lord of the [[House of the Wing]]
| position=
| location=[[Dor-lómin]]; [[Gondolin]]; [[Mouths of Sirion]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Sindarin]]
| birth={{FA|472}}
| birthlocation=[[Dor-lómin]]
| rule=
| sailedwest={{FA|525}}
| sailedfrom=[[Mouths of Sirion]]
| age=53
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Hador]]
| parentage=[[Huor]] & [[Rían]]
| siblings=
| spouse=[[Idril|Idril Celebrindal]]
| children=[[Eärendil]]
| gender=Male
| height=Tallest of all the [[Edain]]<ref>{{UT|Narn}}</ref>
| hair=Golden
| eyes=
| clothing=Elven armour, including shield
| weapons=[[Dramborleg]]
| steed=[[Eärrámë]]
}}
{{quote|I am Tuor son of Huor of the House of Hador and the kindred of Húrin, and these names, I am told, are not unknown in the Hidden Kingdom.|Tuor to [[Elemmakil]], captain of the Outer Guard of [[Gondolin]].<ref name="UT1">{{UT|1}}.</ref>}}
'''Tuor Eladar''' (born {{FA|472}}) was a hero of the [[Edain]] in the last years of the [[First Age]], and the father of [[Eärendil]]. In spite of being a Man, he was chosen by the Vala Ulmo to be the last hope of the Noldor in the face of annihilation by the forces of Morgoth.

Born in the winter of the 'Year of Lamentation', Tuor's life coincided with the final defeat of the Edain and the [[Noldor|Noldor-in-Exile]] by the forces of [[Morgoth]]. He was of the [[House of Hador]],<ref name="UT1" /><ref name="Shibboleth">{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref> but after the deaths of his parents [[Huor]] and [[Rían]] in the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]] was fostered by the surviving [[Elves of Mithrim]]. He passed his youth a refugee and an outlaw, before being guided by the [[Valar|Vala]] [[Ulmo]] to the hidden city of [[Gondolin]]. There he rose high in the favour of the [[High King of the Noldor|High King]] [[Turgon]] and wedded the elf-maiden [[Idril]], the King's daughter. Escaping the [[Fall of Gondolin|fall of Gondolin]], he and his family came to the [[Mouths of Sirion]]. After abiding there long enough to see Eärendil to manhood Tuor finally succumbed to his [[sea-longing]] and, with Idril, departed Middle-earth for the West. The tradition of the Noldor was that he became the only Man to be accepted as one of the [[Elves|elder kindred]] and will share with them an immortal life in [[Valinor]] as long as [[Arda]] will endure.<ref name="S23">{{S|23}}</ref><ref name="Letter153">{{L|153}}</ref>

==Family and heritage==
His father Huor and his elder brother [[Húrin Thalion]], were fostered with their kin in [[Brethil]]. They were of the [[House of Hador]], but also descended from the [[House of Haleth]] through their mother [[Hareth]]. During a battle following the [[Dagor Bragollach]], the brothers escaped the hordes of [[Morgoth]] with the aid of [[Ulmo]], and [[Thorondor]] brought them to [[Gondolin]]. Ulmo counselled [[Turgon]] the [[Hidden King]] to treat them as guests, as help would come to him from their House. After they learnt much from the Gondolindrim, Turgon reluctantly waived his law and let them leave on a condition of silence.<ref name="RuinOfBeleriand">{{S|18}}</ref>

On his return, Huor married [[Rían]], of the [[House of Bëor]]. Thus Tuor was a descendant of all the [[Three Houses]] of the [[Edain]]. When Tuor was conceived, Huor gave him his name before he was born. Months later Huor fell in the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]] defending the retreat of Turgon, speaking his last words to the Elven King: "...out of your house shall come the hope of Elves and Men... from you and from me a new star shall arise".<ref>{{CH|2}}, p. 58</ref>

==History==
After hearing news of the battle Rían became distraught and left [[Dor-lómin]] to wander alone in the wild. She was rescued by the [[Sindar]] of [[Mithrim]] who took her to their dwelling in the [[Mountains of Mithrim|mountains]]. Before the end of the year Tuor was born and was given to the [[Elves of Mithrim]] to be fostered. Rían, having heard from [[Annael]] the leader of the Elves the news of Huor's death, made her way to the [[Haudh-en-Ndengin]], where she laid down in grief and died.<ref name="TurinTurambar">{{S|21}}.</ref>

Soon after [[Hithlum]] was occupied by the [[Swarthy Men]] who had joined Morgoth in the Nírnaeth. Annael and his people therefore took refuge in the caves of [[Androth]], where Tuor spent his youth. At the age of sixteen Tuor wished to make war upon the Orcs and the [[Incomers]] who oppressed the land of his fathers, but was forbidden by Annael. Rather in {{FA|488}} the group resolved to flee Hithlum by the [[Annon-in-Gelydh]] and make their way to the [[Mouths of Sirion]]. Soon after setting out however they were assailed by Orcs and forced to scatter into the night. Tuor, however, refused to flee, and stood his ground, slaying many enemies before being captured.

===Journeys in the Wild===

Tuor was thrall in the House of [[Lorgan]], chief of the Easterlings of Dor-lómin, for three years. He was treated harshly because Lorgan knew of his lineage, but nevertheless endured the torment until he found his opportunity to escape. Upon being sent into the woods on an errand he slew his guards and, escaping pursuit, returned to the caves of Androth. For the next four years he dwelt alone there as an outlaw, slaying many Easterlings and accumulating a large price on his head. He was seeking the Annon-in-Gelydh – the 'Gate of the Noldor' through the [[Ered Lómin]], by which Annael had intended to escape Hithlum unnoticed. After years of searching, the [[Valar|Vala]] [[Ulmo]], who had long ago chosen Tuor as his instrument, sent him a sign that finally led to the Gate of the Noldor. Upon reaching its entrance Tuor met [[Gelmir (messenger of Círdan)|Gelmir]] and [[Arminas]], messengers of [[Círdan]] who were seeking a way to [[Gondolin]], and they showed him the path through the mountains to [[Nevrast]].
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Ulmo Appears before Tuor.jpg|thumb|160px|right|[[Ted Nasmith]] - '' Ulmo Appears before Tuor'']]
In {{FA|495}} Tuor passed through Nevrast and became the first Man to reach the shores of [[Belegaer]], the Great Sea, and felt for the first time the [[sea-longing]] that would stay with him the rest of his life. He lingered by Belegaer until the autumn, and then after receiving another sign from Ulmo followed seven [[swans]] southward. These led him to the abandoned city of [[Vinyamar]] where long ago Turgon had dwelt and, at the behest of Ulmo, left a sword, armour and a shield bearing the device of a white swan on a blue field. Tuor took these arms and made his way to the shore. Then during a great storm the Lord of Waters finally appeared to Tuor directly, ordering him to seek the city of Gondolin, and giving him a cloak that had a power to hide him from foes. The next morning he met [[Voronwë]] – an elf of Gondolin who had been shipwrecked off the coast of Beleriand and rescued and brought to Vinyamar by Ulmo. After hearing Tuor speak the words of Ulmo Voronwë agreed to guide him to the hidden gate of Gondolin.

===Life in Gondolin===
[[File:Šárka Škorpíková - Man in Black.jpg|thumb|left|Šárka Škorpíková - ''Man in Black'']]
Voronwë led Tuor through [[Núath]], a land desolated by the recent passing of [[Glaurung]] the Dragon to [[Nargothrond]]. At the [[Pools of Ivrin]] Tuor caught a brief glimpse of his ill-fated cousin [[Túrin]], son of Hurin, as he cried for [[Finduilas]] – the only time their two paths ever crossed. Then after enduring a [[Fell Winter (First Age)|bitter winter]] Tuor and Voronwë finally reached the gate of Gondolin. They were taken as prisoners by [[Elemmakil]] and brought before [[Ecthelion|Ecthelion of the Fountain]] who, recognising from his arms that Tuor had been sent by Ulmo, welcomed into the city with honour. Tuor then came before the [[High King of the Noldor|High King]] Turgon and delivered the message of Ulmo: the [[Doom of Mandos]] was nearing its fulfilment and Turgon should abandon his city and retreat to the Havens of Sirion.
[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Tuor Reaches the Hidden City of Gondolin.jpg|thumb|220px|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Tuor Reaches the Hidden City of Gondolin'']]
Turgon however chose not to heed Ulmo's warning, though it did prompt him to block up the hidden door and make Gondolin's isolation complete. Therefore Tuor remained in Gondolin and like his father before him he learned much from the Elves. He fell in love with [[Idril|Idril Celebrindal]], the daughter of the King, and she with him, and in {{FA|502}} they were married.<ref>{{WJ|P3}}, note 18.</ref> This union, as well as the favour of the King and the memory of his father, endeared Tuor to the people of Gondolin and he was made the leader of the [[House of the Wing]]. Only [[Maeglin]] and his followers harboured a secret hatred and jealousy of him.

===The Fall of Gondolin===
[[Image:John Howe - The Fall of Gondolin.jpg|thumb|[[John Howe]] - ''The Fall of Gondolin'']]
Soon after their union a [[Half-elven]] was born to Tuor and Idril, who was named [[Eärendil]] or 'Sea-friend', reflecting the 'sea-longing' Tuor passed to his son<ref name="Letter297">{{L|297}}</ref>. But in {{FA|510}} Gondolin's secrecy finally failed. First Húrin, Tuor's uncle, released from Morgoth's long torment and attempting to enter the city, revealed its location in the [[Encircling Mountains]]. Still Morgoth would not have found an entrance to the city were it not for the treachery of Maeglin, who having defied the King's order and ventured outside the encircling mountains was captured by Orcs and brought to Angband – there he betrayed Turgon in return for the promise of the lordship of Gondolin and the possession of Idril.

During the subsequent [[Fall of Gondolin|siege]] Tuor fought valiantly. He rescued Idril from Maeglin, throwing the Dark Elf from the walls of the city to his death. But in the end Gondolin fell and Turgon was killed. Tuor and Idril led the survivors of the sack in a desperate escape through the [[Idril's secret way|secret way]] Idril had prepared and over the mountains. Protected by Ulmo they journeyed down the vale of [[Sirion]] to the Havens at its mouth – the last refuge of the Elves of Beleriand. On the way the remnant of Gondolin stopped in [[Nan-tathren]] to make a feast in memory of the fallen, and here Tuor composed ''[[The Horns of Ylmir]]'' for his son Eärendil.

===Fate===
Tuor and Idril dwelt for a while at the Mouths of Sirion. But eventually the sea-longing that had been instilled in him when he first came to the shores of Belegaer grew too strong. In {{FA|525}} he built a ship, [[Eärrámë]] ([[Quenya|Q]]: 'Sea-wing'), and sailed to the [[Aman|West]] with Idril, and possibly Voronwë also.<ref name="WJ-TYears">{{WJ|Years}}</ref> It was a tradition under the [[Eldar]] and [[Edain]] that they arrived in [[Valinor]], and that Tuor alone of Men was counted among the Eldar, immortal as other Elves.<ref group="note">Apparently by the special will of [[Ilúvatar]] himself; see [[Letter 153]].</ref>

However Huor's prophecy on the field of Nírnaeth Arnoediad proved true. In the same year that Tuor and Idril departed Eärendil married [[Elwing]] in the [[Unions of Elves and Men|third union of Elves and Men]]. At first seeking after his father, he sailed to Valinor and roused the Valar to the [[War of Wrath]], and so became the prophesied saviour of the Elves and Men of Middle-earth. Through Eärendil Tuor was an ancestor of the [[Half-elven]] and the [[Kings of Númenor]].

==Character and traits==
Tuor was "fair of face" and inherited the golden hair of the [[House of Hador]]. As a man he was "strong and tall and valiant" and skilled at arms. But being raised by [[Elves]] he also had great lore and skill.<ref name="UT1p23-24">{{UT|1}}, pp. 23-24</ref>
==Genealogy==
His paternal grandfather [[Galdor (Lord of Dor-lómin)|Galdor]] was the [[Lord of Dor-lómin]],<ref name="SComingOfMen">{{S|17}}.</ref> so Tuor technically inherited that title after the death of his cousin [[Túrin|Túrin Turambar]] in {{FA|499}}, though by that time Dor-lómin had long since ceased to exist as a realm of the Edain. In [[Gondolin]] he was made the Lord of the [[House of the Wing]].

{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | MAR | | HAL | | BEO | | | | | | |MAR=[[Marach]] ''[[House of Hador]]''|HAL=[[Haldad]] ''[[House of Haleth]]''|BEO=[[Bëor]] ''[[House of Bëor]]''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | |:| | | |:| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | |:| | | |:| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | GAL |y| HAR | | |:| TUR |y| ELE |GAL=[[Galdor (Lord of Dor-lómin)|Galdor]] ''{{FA|417}} - [[First Age 462|462]]''|HAR=[[Hareth]] ''born {{FA|417}}''|TUR=[[Turgon]] ''born during {{YT}}''|ELE=[[Elenwë]] ''born during {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |:| | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | MOR |y| HUR | | HUO |y| RIA | | |!| | | |MOR=[[Morwen]] ''{{FA|443}} - c. [[First Age 500|500]]''|HUR=[[Húrin]] ''{{FA|441}} - c. [[First Age 500|500]]''|HUO=[[Huor]] ''{{FA|444}} - [[First Age 472|472]]''|RIA=[[Rían]] ''{{FA|450}} - [[First Age 472|472]]''}}
{{familytree | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | TUR | | LAL | | NIE | | TUO |~|y|~| IDR | | |TUR=[[Túrin]] ''{{FA|463}} - [[First Age 499|499]]''|LAL=[[Lalaith]] ''{{FA|466}} - [[First Age 469|469]]''|NIE=[[Nienor]] ''{{FA|473}} - [[First Age 499|499]]''|TUO='''TUOR''' ''born {{FA|472}}''|IDR=[[Idril|Idril Celebrindal]] ''born during {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | ELW |y| EAR | | | | | |ELW=[[Elwing]] ''born {{FA|503}}''|EAR=[[Eärendil]] ''born {{FA|503}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | ROS | | RON | | | | | |ROS=[[Elros]] ''{{FA|532}} - {{SA|442}}''|RON=[[Elrond]] ''born {{FA|532}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Etymology==

The name ''Tuor'' was adapted to [[Sindarin]] from the language of the [[Edain]].<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, pp. 348, 364 (note 49)</ref><ref group=note>In a draft for a letter, Tolkien used the form ''Túor'' (cf. {{L|153}}).</ref>

In the [[The Etymologies|''Etymologies'']], [[Noldorin]] ''Tuor'' ("strength-vigour") derives from [[Common Eldarin]] ''tūghor, tū-gor'' ([[Sundocarme|root]] TUG-).<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 394</ref> In the context of this etymology, ''Tuor'' can likely be analyzed as ''[[tû]]'' ("strength") + a derivative of root GOR ("violence, impetus, haste").<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, pp. 359 (entry GOR-), 394 (entry TUG-)</ref>

Tuor bore the epithets '''''[[Eladar]]''''' ([[Quenya|Q.]] 'Starfather'), '''''[[Ulmondil]]''''' ([[Quenya|Q.]] 'Friend of Ulmo')<ref name="EladarUlmondil">{{WJ|West}}</ref> and '''[[the Blessed]]'''.<ref name="TheBlessed">{{GA|144}}</ref>

==Other Versions of the Legendarium==
Tuor is intimately connected with the tale of 'The Fall of Gondolin', one of the core legends of the [[Elder Days]] and the earliest narratives of the [[legendarium]] to be composed by Tolkien.<ref name="UTIntro">{{UT|Introduction}}.</ref> A compressed version of the story written between 1926 and 1930 was edited by [[Christopher Tolkien]] and included in the published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'' as ''[[Of Tuor and the Fall of Gondolin]]''. There also exists a more substantial but unfinished narrative, started by Tolkien in 1951, which was published in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'' under the title ''[[Of Tuor and his Coming to Gondolin]]''.

===''The Fall of Gondolin''===
The only 'complete' source on Tuor therefore remains the very early ''[[The Fall of Gondolin]]'', written while Tolkien was on sick-leave from the army in [[1917]] and later incorporated into ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]''. In this version nothing is said about Tuor's early life and lineage, though later he introduces himself to the [[Gondolindrim|Gondothlim]] as "Tuor son of [[Peleg]] son of [[Indor]] of the [[house of the Swan]] of the sons of the Men of the North". He is described as a hermit ("Tuor of the lonely heart") living in the woods of Mithrim who simply happened upon the Gate of the Noldor and so came to live in a cave by the sea. Ulmo—employing swans, which Tuor as in later versions took as his emblem—then guided Tuor from the shores of the sea to a group of Noldor, who took him through the fenland region of [[Arlisgion]] and hence to the [[Nan-tathren|Land of Willows]]. Here Tuor would have stayed, but Ulmo appeared to him directly and ordered him to seek Gondolin. In this version he did not receive his arms from Turgon until he reached Gondolin.

[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Flight of the Doomed.jpg|thumb|280px|right|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Flight of the Doomed'']]

Conversely Tuor's years in Gondolin are described more fully in the ''Lost Tale'' than in any subsequent text. He bore an axe called [[Dramborleg]] and is said to lived in a house on the southern wall of the city. He is also named as the leader of one of twelve Houses of Gondolin, the [[House of the Wing]], whose emblem was the wing of a swan or gull. Tuor's deeds in the [[Fall of Gondolin|battle for the city]] are also given. After rescuing Idril and [[Eärendil|Eärendel]] from the treacherous [[Maeglin|Meglin]], and leaving Voronwë to guard them, he and his company made their way to the battle at the gate. Here they fought alongside [[Ecthelion|Ecthelion of the Fountain]] as [[dragons]] pulled down the walls of the city and enemies poured in. Tuor is said to have slain three [[orcs|orc-lords]]: [[Othrod]], [[Balcmeg]] and [[Lug]]; as well as five [[balrogs]]. Eventually however he was forced to retreat bearing the injured Ecthelion. After being rescued by [[Galdor of the Tree|Galdor]] in the [[Square of the Folkwell]], he rallied what remained of the defenders of the city and made for the [[Square of the Palace of Turgon|King's Square]]. During its defence Tuor was set upon by [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog, lord of Balrogs]] and would have perished, but Ecthelion came to his aid and slew the Balrog, going to his own death in the attempt. At this point Turgon conceded the city was lost, as [[Doom of Mandos|Mandos had foretold]], and though he himself resolved to stay in the city ordered Tuor to lead the survivors through Idril's secret way. When they emerged onto the plain of [[Tumladen|Tumladin]] a [[Ulmo|miraculous]] mist, and Tuor rescued Eärendel, who had fled the city earlier with a servant called [[Hendor]], from a pack of wolf-riders. Tuor and the refugees were then attacked once more as they fled over the encircling mountains, by a balrog, but [[Thorondor]] and his [[eagles]] came to their aid. [[Glorfindel]] slew the balrog but was himself killed when its body fell on him.

The ''Fall of Gondolin'' ends with Tuor, Idril and Eärendel living at the Mouths of Sirion, however in Tolkien's notes for what was to be the next chapter of ''The Book of Lost Tales'' he mentions that Tuor disappeared while at sea.<ref name="LT2Earendel">{{HM|LT2}}, "[[The Tale of Eärendel]]".</ref>

In the different manuscripts of ''The Fall of Gondolin'' Tolkien alternated between Tuor and '''Tûr''', but eventually settled on Tuor in the 1930s ''Silmarillion''.

== See Also ==
* [[:Category:Images of Tuor|Images of Tuor]]

{{references|note}}
* {{S|23}}
* {{UT|1}}
* {{HM|WJ}}, "[[The Grey Annals]]". (Dates).
* {{HM|WJ}}, "[[The Tale of Years (War of the Jewels)|The Tale of Years]]". (Dates).
* {{HM|LT2}}, "[[The Fall of Gondolin]]". (Non-canon).

[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Gondolindrim]]
[[Category:Edain]]
[[Category:House of Hador]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]

[[de:Tuor]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/1a/peuple_de_hador/tuor]]
[[fi:Tuor]]

The Nauglafring

2017-06-24T23:11:47Z

Skmo: I added a link to Nauglamír.

{{stub}}
{{HoME2chapters}}
'''The Nauglafring''' is the fourth chapter of ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part Two]]''.

It narrates an early version of the [[Silmarillion]] chapter ''[[Of the Ruin of Doriath]]''. [[Nauglafring]] is an early name ([[Gnomish]]) of the item later known as [[Nauglamír]].

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nauglafring}}

Ancalagon

2017-06-24T21:49:18Z

Skmo: /* History */ I added a link from the word 'van' to the Wikipedia Vanguard page.

{{Dragon infobox
| image=[[Image:Daniel Govar - Ancalagon the Black.jpg|250px]]
| name=Ancalagon
| othernames=
| titles=''The Black''
| realm=
| affiliation=[[Morgoth]]
| hoard=
| birth=c. {{FA|545}}
| birthlocation=[[The War Of Wrath]]
| death=c. {{FA|587}}
| deathlocation=[[Thangorodrim]]
| slayer=[[Eärendil]]
| type=''[[Urulókë]]''
| legs=Yes
| wings=Yes
| colour=Black
}}{{Pronounce|Ancalagon.mp3|Ardamir}}
'''Ancalagon the Black''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[aŋˈkalaɡon]}}) was the greatest of the winged [[Dragons|Dragons]] of [[Morgoth]].

==History==
During the [[War of Wrath]], the [[Valar]] waged their final war on [[Morgoth]]. Their victory was at hand, with most of the Dark Lord's [[Balrogs]] and other troops destroyed. But then, Morgoth unleashed the winged dragons, with Ancalagon at their [[Wikipedia:Vanguard|van]]. Ancalagon drove back the forces of the Valar, but was stopped by [[Eärendil]]. Ancalagon was no match for the mariner, who sailed through the skies in the ship [[Vingilot]], with the [[Silmaril]] upon his brow. Ancalagon was cast down and fell atop [[Thangorodrim]], breaking its mighty towers. With him fell most other dragons.<ref name="Voyage">{{HM|S}}, "[[Of the Voyage of Eärendil and the War of Wrath]]"</ref> Even by the late [[Third Age]] Ancalagon was considered the mightiest winged dragon, though Gandalf noted that that dragon could not melt [[the One Ring]].<ref>{{HM|FR}}, "[[The Shadow of the Past]]"</ref>

==Etymology==
''Ancalagon'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, from ''[[anc]]''<ref name="EtymAnc">{{LR|Etymologies}},[[Sundocarmë|Root]] [[ÁNAK]] and NAK</ref> and ''[[alag]]''<ref name="EtymAlag">{{LR|Etymologies}}, [[Sundocarmë|Root]] A[[LAK]]</ref> plus the name ending ''[[-on]]''. Its meaning is "Rushing Jaws" or "Biting-storm".<ref>{{S|Appendix}}</ref><ref name="EtymAnc"/>

In [[Eriol]]'s [[Old English]] translations, Ancalagon is referred as ''Anddraca'' "Enemy-dragon".<ref>{{SM|QA1}}</ref>

==In popular culture==
Two animals are named after Ancalagon: ''Ancalagon'', a [[wikipedia:Cambrian|Cambrian]] [[wikipedia:Priapulida|priapulid]] by [[wikipedia:Simon Conway Morris|Simon Conway Morris]] in [[1977]], and ''Ankalagon'' by [[wikipedia:Leigh Van Valen|Leigh Van Valen]] in [[1980]], a [[wikipedia:Paleocene|Paleocene]] [[wikipedia:Mesonychid|mesonychid]] mammal.<ref>Chris Isaak, "[http://www.curioustaxonomy.net/etym/fiction.html Names from Fictional Characters]", ''[http://www.curioustaxonomy.net/index.html Curiosities of Biological Nomenclature]''</ref>
==See Also==
* [[:Category:Images of Ancalagon|Images of Ancalagon]]

{{references}}
{{dragons}}

[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:Dragons]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]
[[de:Ancalagon]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:animaux:dragons:ancalagon]]
[[fi:Ancalagon]]

Battle of the Morannon

2017-06-24T21:40:45Z

Skmo: /* The Battle */ I added a link to Pippin in the second paragraph.

{{battle
| image=[[File:The Lord of the Rings - The Return of the King - Battle of the Morannon.jpg|300px]]
| name=Battle of the Morannon
| conflict=[[Battle of the Morannon]]
| date=[[25 March]] {{TA|3019}}
| place=[[Dagorlad]]
| result=Decisive victory for Gondor and Rohan Final defeat of Sauron
| side1=[[Gondor]], [[Rohan]]
| side2=[[Mordor]], [[Rhûn]], [[Khand]]
| commanders1=*[[Aragorn]]
*[[Gandalf]]
*[[Imrahil]]
*[[Éomer]]
| commanders2=*The [[Mouth of Sauron]]
| forces1=*"Less than six thousand" soldiers of Gondor and Rohan
*[[Eagles]]
| forces2=*Soldiers of Mordor and the Easterlings "ten times" the number of the Western host
*Ringwraiths and Fell Beasts
| casual1=Unknown, presumably heavy
| casual2=Unknown, presumably heavy
*All Nazgûl
*Some Easterlings captured or pardoned
}}
{{wotr}}

The '''Battle of the Morannon''', also known as the '''Battle of the Black Gate''', was the last major battle against [[Sauron]] in the [[War of the Ring]], fought at the Black Gate of [[Mordor]] on [[25 March]] {{TA|3019}}.<ref name=Great>{{App|Great}}</ref> The army of the West, 6,000 strong by now, led by [[Aragorn]] marched on the gate as a diversionary feint to distract [[Sauron]]'s attention from [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] and [[Samwise Gamgee|Sam]], who were carrying [[the One Ring]] through Mordor. It was hoped that Sauron would think Aragorn had the Ring and was now trying to use it to overthrow Mordor.<ref>{{RK|V9}}</ref>

==History==
=== Prelude ===
{{seealso|Last Debate}}
Initially, the Army of the West had been composed of 7,000 men, but many were stationed at various places along the way. A strong guard of archers were stationed at the [[Cross-roads]], in case enemy troops came from the [[Cirith Ungol|Morgul Pass]] or from the South. In addition, Aragorn dismissed the faint of heart, who would not go to the [[Dagorlad]], ordering them to liberate [[Cair Andros]] on the river Anduin. This resulted in the departure of 1,000 men, leaving 6,000 to continue on towards the [[Black Gate]]. Upon arrival, Aragorn defensively arrayed his forces upon two [[Slag-hills]] with a mire of mud and stinking pools between his army and the Gate.

Before the battle began, Sauron sent one of his servants, the [[Black Númenóreans|Black Númenórean]] called the [[Mouth of Sauron]], to speak with the Captains of the West. He tried to trick [[Gandalf]] into believing Sauron held Frodo captive, displaying as evidence items that had belonged to Frodo and Sam (Sam's sword, an [[Elven cloaks|Elven cloak]], and Frodo's [[Mithril#The Mithril Coat|''mithril'' coat]]) The Mouth threatened that Frodo would be tortured if the West did not agree to Sauron's terms of surrender. The terms included: the disbanding of the armies of the West, an oath to never take up arms, the rebuilding of Isengard, and the turning over of all lands West to Sauron. (It is clear that while Sauron knew there was a Hobbit in Mordor, he did not know why. He also probably did not know there were two.)

Gandalf, however, refused to be swayed, took the items from the Mouth of Sauron, and sent him away. Amazed and angered, the Mouth of Sauron rode back to the Black Gate, let it be opened, and the forces of Sauron marched out. At the same time, more of Sauron's forces that had been hidden in the hills around the Black Gate came forth, thus surrounding and outnumbering the Men of the West by at least ten to one. Less than six thousand Men of the West were fielded.

=== The Battle ===
Against Aragorn's army was arrayed Sauron's hordes of [[Orcs]], [[Trolls]], and barbarian [[Men|Mannish]] allies such as the [[Easterlings]] and [[Haradrim]]. An exact count is not given of the number of Sauron's forces, and though they numbered in the tens of thousands at least, the battle is said to not have been quite as large as the preceding [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]]. Sauron "had taken the proffered bait in jaws of steel", and the dismayed soldiers of the West were trapped. Aragorn arranged his men in a circular formation around two hills in front of the Morannon, with the best soldiers of the West arranged in the front where the assault would be at its most bitter.

The slag pools near the hills proved a hindrance for many of Sauron's forces, but trolls easily passed through the pools and crashed into the hosts of the West, bashing through them as smiths hewing hot iron. Many of the Orcs and Men were unable to climb up to face the Western host, and instead shot arrows and projectiles at them. During the fighting, [[Beregond]] was wounded by a Troll-chief, and as it reached its claws out for him [[Peregrin Took|Pippin]] drove the blade of [[Westernesse]] through the creature before it could slay his comrade.

During the course of the battle, the eight remaining [[Nazgûl]] attacked the army of the West. The [[Eagles]] of the [[Misty Mountains]], led by [[Gwaihir]] the Windlord, arrived and attacked the Ringwraiths. The main host of Mordor managed to reach that of the West's, and despair was set among them. The Orcs laughed cruelly as they smashed against the Western forces, which began to dwindle, and the Ringwraiths overhead filled them with terror.<ref name=Battle>{{RK|V10}}</ref> At that moment, when all hope seemed lost, Frodo put on the One Ring and Sauron realized that Frodo was inside [[Mount Doom]]. The Nazgûl immediately left the battle to intercept Frodo. The hosts of Mordor were suddenly without direction; the Orc laughter ceased, the Evil Men hesitated, and many knights of the West began to repel the attackers in a charge. Gandalf ordered them to halt, for the hour of doom was about to come. Indeed, [[Gollum]] bit the Ring off Frodo's finger and then accidentally fell into the [[Cracks of Doom|Crack of Doom]], and Sauron's power was overthrown.<ref>{{RK|VI3}}</ref>

The Nazgûl had been flying over Mount Doom just as it underwent a gigantic volcanic eruption, and they were all destroyed in the firestorm. [[Barad-dûr]], the Black Gate, and the [[Towers of the Teeth]] collapsed to ruin. The Orcs and other creatures of Sauron were completely directionless with the Dark Lord's demise and fled mindlessly; some falling into pits, others outright killing themselves, and many fleeing. Many Easterlings fled as well or surrendered, though others banded together in their hatred and fought on stalwartly.<ref>{{RK|VI4}}</ref>

=== Aftermath ===
The desperate gambit of the West had succeeded, even as Frodo ultimately succumbed to the Ring. It was destroyed forever, and Sauron was disembodied permanently, his shadow fading away from Barad-dûr. Many surviving Orcs and Men retreated to the mountains or northward, where fighting against Sauron's remaining forces would continue for several weeks, notably at [[Dol Guldur]] in [[Mirkwood]] and at [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], but the power of the Dark Lord of Mordor was no more. The Western soldiers, weary and many injured, rested and healed before the host marched back to [[Minas Tirith]].<ref name=Great/>

Months later, the [[Battle of Bywater]] in [[the Shire]] against ruffians led by [[Saruman]], and the subsequent killing of Saruman and [[Gríma|Wormtongue]] on the very doorstep of [[Bag End]], ended the [[War of the Ring]].<ref>{{RK|VI8}}</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Conflicts of the War of the Ring]]
[[de:Schlacht am Morannon]]
[[fr:encyclo:evenements:3a:guerres:bataille_de_la_morannon]]

Scroll of Isildur

2017-04-23T00:33:42Z

Skmo: /* Portrayal in adaptations */ Added a note that the film version gave an incorrect date.

{{objects
| image=[[File:Audrey Corman - Scroll of Isildur.jpg|250px]]
| name=Scroll of Isildur
| othernames=
| derivation=[[Isildur]]
| location=Vaults of [[Minas Tirith]]
| ownedby=[[House of Isildur]]
| maker=[[Isildur]]
| appearance=
| description=
}}
The '''Scroll of Isildur''' was a scroll made by [[Isildur]] himself during his short time in [[Minas Tirith]] after the [[War of the Last Alliance]] between {{SA|3441}} and {{TA|2}}. The scroll held Isildur's account of the gaining of the [[The One Ring|Ring]] from [[Sauron]] and described the appearance of [[Ring Verse|an inscription]] around the Ring while it was still hot. The Scroll was stored for millennia in the vaults of that city and according to Gandalf it was probably forgotten after the time of the [[Kings of Gondor]] and nobody, except him and perhaps [[Saruman]], had seen it.

[[Gandalf]] started to believe that [[Bilbo Baggins]]' Magic Ring was the One. In {{TA|3017}} he visited Minas Tirith and studied the scroll. Isildur's description was vital in helping [[Gandalf]] identify the Ring. He visited [[Frodo Baggins]] in [[Bag End]] and testing his ring in the fireplace, confirmed it as the One Ring of Sauron.<ref>{{FR|II2}}</ref><ref>{{FR|I2}}</ref>
==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''
:Gandalf visits Minas Tirith to discern the identity of Bilbo's Ring. A brief scene shows him guided to the vaults by a [[Gondorians|Gondorian]] keeper and reading the scroll, which is an elaborate prop in [[Tengwar]] calligraphy. In the film, Gandalf incorrectly gives the year as S.A. 3434.

{{references}}

[[Category:Books and documents within the legendarium]]
[[fi:Isildurin käsikirjoitus]]

Dior

2017-01-16T20:52:42Z

Skmo: /* History */ Comment of Dior being the fairest of three races, and grammatical correction of "these" to "this"

{{disambig-two|the son of [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]]|the [[Stewards of Gondor|Steward of Gondor]]|[[Dior (Steward of Gondor)]]}}
{{half-elf infobox
| name=Dior
| image=[[File:Edward Johnson - Dior Eluchíl.png|250px]]
| caption="Dior Eluchíl" by [[:Category:Images by Edward Johnson|Edward Johnson]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Eluchíl, Aranel, Dior the Fair
| titles=[[King of Doriath]]
| position=
| location=[[Ossiriand]], [[Doriath]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Sindarin]] ([[Doriathrin]])
| birth={{FA|470}}
| birthlocation=[[Tol Galen]]
| rule={{FA|502}} - {{FA|506|n}}
| death={{FA|506}}
| deathlocation=[[Menegroth]], during [[Second Kinslaying]]
| age=36
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Bëor]], House of Thingol
| heritage=[[Men|Man]] father, half-[[Elves|Elf]]/half-[[Maia]] mother
| parentage=[[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]]
| siblings=
| spouse=[[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth]]
| children=[[Elwing]], [[Eluréd]], [[Elurín]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=Presumably [[Aranrúth]]<ref name="NumenorUT">{{UT|3}}, note 2</ref>
| steed=
}}'''Dior''' was the son of [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]], and the heir to the throne of [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]], [[King of Doriath]]. Dior was one of the [[Half-elven]].

==History==
Dior was born on the island of [[Tol Galen]] in [[East Beleriand]].<ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref> When he was 27 he married [[Nimloth of Doriath]],<ref group=note>[[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth's]] parentage is uncertain. She may have been the daughter of [[Galathil]] and a descendant of [[Elmo]], the younger brother of [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]].</ref> and took her back to live by the [[Lanthir Lamath]] waterfall at the base of the [[Blue Mountains]]. There they had three children: [[Elwing]], [[Eluréd]], and [[Elurín]]. After Thingol was slain by the [[Dwarves]] who coveted the [[Nauglamír]], Dior went to [[Menegroth]] and became King of Doriath.

After the death of his parents, a Lord of the [[Laiquendi]] came to Doriath bringing the Nauglamir, which was worn by his mother. After mourning, he decided to wear it himself. When he placed the Nauglamir on himself, it sat lightly and he appeared as the fairest of three living races: Maiar, Elven, and Human. This news came to the [[Sons of Feanor]], who, stirred by their Oath, came to Doriath with their servants, consumed by the [[Oath of Feanor]].

Dior managed to kill [[Celegorm]] (who, ironically, was also called ''the Fair''), and [[Caranthir]] and [[Curufin]] were also slain, but the Kingdom of Doriath was destroyed. So Dior and Nimloth were slain, during the [[Second Kinslaying]], along with anyone preventing the Feanorians from gaining the [[Silmaril]].

After the attack, the servants of Celegorm left Eluréd and Elurín in the forest to die. Elwing, however, carrying the Nauglamir, escaped with the remnant of the Elves of Doriath to the [[Havens of Sirion]].<ref>{{S|Doriath}}</ref> Years later she would wed [[Eärendil]] and together they would seek aid from [[Valinor]].<ref>{{S|Earendil}}</ref>

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | THI |y| MEL | | HOB | | | |THI=[[Thingol|Elu Thingol]]|MEL=[[Melian]]|HOB=[[House of Bëor]]}}
{{familytree | | | | |!| | | | | |:| | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | LUT |~|y|~| BER | | | |LUT=[[Lúthien]]|BER=[[Beren]]}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | DIO |y| NIM | | |DIO='''DIOR'''|NIM=[[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth]]1}}
{{familytree | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | EAR |y| ELW | | ELD | | ELN |EAR=[[Eärendil]]|ELW=[[Elwing]]|ELD=[[Eluréd]]|ELN=[[Elurín]]}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | ELD | | ELS | | | | | | | | |ELD=[[Elrond]]|ELS=[[Elros]]}}
{{familytree/end}}
==Etymology==
In the [[The Etymologies|''Etymologies'']], the name ''Dior'' is said to mean "successor" in [[Doriathrin]]. The name derives from [[Primitive Quendian]] ''ndeuro'' ("follower, successor"), from [[Sundocarme|root]] [[NDEW]].<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 375</ref>

==Other names and titles==

Dior was also called '''''Eluchíl''''', ("Heir of Elu"),<ref name="Index">{{S|Index}}</ref> '''''Aranel''''' ("Noble Elf" or "King of Elves"),<ref name="Index"/><ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref> and '''the Fair'''.

==Other versions of the Legendarium==

In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales (disambiguation)|The Book of Lost Tales]]'', a name of Dior was '''''[[Ausir (disambiguation)|Ausir]]''''' ([[Gnomish|Gn.]] "The Wealthy").<ref>{{HM|LT2}}, p. 240, 244, 251</ref><ref>{{PE|11}}, p. 20</ref>

{{references|note}}

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=halfelf
| house=House of Thingol
| born={{FA|470}}
| died={{FA|506}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=[[Thingol]]
| pvac=
| list=2nd [[King of Doriath]]
| dates={{FA|502}} – {{FA|506|n}}
| next=[[Doriath]] destroyed
| nvac=None
}}
{{seq-end}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:Half-elven]]
[[Category:House of Thingol]]
[[Category:Sindar]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]

[[de:Dior Aranel]]
[[fi:Dior Eluchíl]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:semi-elfes:dior]]

Gimli

2017-01-16T20:47:09Z

Skmo: /* War of the Ring */ Added a comment showing Gimli was unmoved by the magic in Saruman's voice showing the hard nature of dwarves.

{{Sources}}
{{disambig-two|the dwarf in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''|elf in [[The Tale of Tinúviel]]|[[Gimli (Noldo)]]}}
{{dwarves infobox
| name=Gimli
| image=[[File:Matt Stewart - Forty-Two.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Forty-Two" by [[:Category:Images by Matt Stewart|Matt Stewart]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Elf-friend, Lockbearer
| titles=[[Lord of the Glittering Caves]]
| position=
| location=[[Thorin's Halls]] [[Lonely Mountain]] [[Glittering Caves]]
| affiliation=[[Fellowship of the Ring]]
| language=[[Khuzdul]] and [[Westron]]
| birth={{TA|2879}}
| birthlocation=[[Thorin's Halls]]
| rule=
| sailedwest={{FoA|120}}
| sailedfrom=[[Ithilien]]
| age=262
| notablefor=
| house=[[Durin's line]]
| parentage=[[Glóin]]
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=Dark<ref name="Riders">{{TT|Riders}}</ref>
| clothing=Short shirt of steel rings<ref name="South"/> cap of iron and leather<ref name="King">{{TT|King}}</ref> belt,<ref name="South">{{FR|South}}</ref> hood, boots,<ref name="Journey">{{FR|Journey}}</ref> shield<ref name="King"/>
| weapons=Broad-bladed axe<ref name="South"/>
| steed=
}}
{{Pronounce|Gimli.mp3|Ardamir}}{{quote|Only Gimli lifted up his head; a smouldering fire was in his eyes. . .|''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', [[A Journey in the Dark]]}}
'''Gimli''' was a [[Dwarves|dwarf]] of [[Durin's Folk]], a direct descendant of [[Durin|Durin the Deathless]] through [[Náin II]]'s younger son [[Borin]], and in turn [[Farin]]'s younger son [[Gróin]], and his younger son [[Glóin]]. Despite being too young at the time of the [[Quest of Erebor]] (only 62), he became famous as the only Dwarven member of the [[Fellowship of the Ring]].

==History==
Gimli was born in the [[Blue Mountains]] 109 years after the tragic destruction of [[Dale]] and the [[Sack of Erebor|Sacking]] of [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]] by [[Smaug]] the Golden. He was forbidden to join [[Thorin and Company]] because of his age: only 62 at the time<ref>{{UT|Erebor}}</ref>.

Years later, in {{TA|3017}}, Gimli witnessed the tempting offers of the messenger of [[Sauron]] (presumed to be a [[Nazgûl]]) concerning the [[The One Ring|Ring of Power]], and accompanied his troubled father to [[Rivendell]] for the dual purpose of warning old acquaintance [[Bilbo Baggins]] and seeking the counsel of [[Elrond]] on such weighty matters. He attended the [[Council of Elrond]] as a representative of the [[Dwarves of Erebor]].

===The Fellowship of the Ring===

Gimli, as the only young dwarf seen at the council of Elrond, was appointed as a member of the [[Fellowship of the Ring]]. He alone of the company wore a mail-shirt, and carried a broad-bladed axe. He quickly distinguished himself in the company by declaring that he "needed no map" and naming the [[Misty Mountains]] individually by their [[Khuzdul]] names, inspiring the comment from [[Samwise Gamgee|Sam]]: "A fair jaw-cracker dwarf-language must be!"

Gimli stood more than all the others with [[Gandalf]] on the matter of passing through [[Moria]]. This may be influenced by his curiosity about the fate of his cousin [[Balin]], who went thither to refound the ancient kingdom of the [[Durin's Folk|Longbeards]], and also his vengeful nature. His first clash with [[Legolas]] occurred before the [[Doors of Durin]], in a brief dispute over whose fault it was (the Elves’ or the Dwarves’) that the friendship between the two races waned. Gandalf quickly intervened, though it was not until [[Lothlórien]] that they would truly become friends.

He was quite helpful to Gandalf in explaining the Doors to the other curious members of the fellowship. Gandalf showed his appreciation of Gimli’s skills by letting him walk up front through the dark tunnels beside himself, and taking brief counsels with him when the way is unsure. It is probable that here Gandalf is tapping into Dwarven inborn or developed skills rather than actual knowledge of Moria itself, as Gimli had never personally been there.

Gimli reacted most indignantly to Sam’s suggestion that Moria was but “holes”, going so far as to chant for him the ancient ''[[Song of Durin]]''. Gimli continued to be helpful to Gandalf on the rest of the dark passage, and boldly aided in the [[Battle of the Chamber of Mazarbul]], protecting Balin’s tomb. After Gandalf remained behind to halt the Balrog, Gimli led the others across the [[Bridge of Khazad-dûm]].

He again shows great emotion when they near [[Kheled-zâram]], taking [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] alone out of all the company with him to see it (though Sam follows as well). This hints at a degree of affection for Frodo, though it may merely be because he was the most important of the company. Despite his helpfulness, at [[Lothlórien]] he became the greatest hindrance to the Company, when he alone was required to be blindfolded and of all of them liked the idea the least (save for perhaps Legolas). The compromise was made that the entire company would go through the Golden Wood in this manner, that Gimli would not suffer alone.

Despite this early struggle, it is Gimli of all the company that is most remembered for his deeds in Lothlórien. For his heart softened towards [[Galadriel]] and as a result toward Elves in general when that great lady sympathized with his sorrows, using the traditional Khuzdul names. In return he attempted to compliment her, as he saw her love and understanding. Though slightly clumsy in his first attempt, he distinguished himself when, as Galadriel gave the Company [[Gifts of Galadriel|gifts]], he asked only for a single strand of her hair. Galadriel gave him three hairs with a blessing, probably remembering when [[Fëanor]] had requested a similar gift several millennia ago. Henceforth Gimli was known as "[[Lockbearer]]". He wept openly at the departure from Lothlórien, calling the light more dangerous than the darkness he had feared.

By the time the Fellowship departed from Lothlórien, Gimli had become fast friends with Legolas the Elf, a result of Galadriel’s kindness. This, too, made him famous among all the Dwarves of the [[Third Age]].

===The Three Hunters===

[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Pursuit in Rohan.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Pursuit in Rohan'']] After the [[Breaking of the Fellowship]], during which he and Legolas slew many [[orcs]], Gimli listened in silence as his only remaining comrades, [[Aragorn]] and Legolas, sang a lament for Boromir in the character of three of the Winds. Only the East Wind was left, and Gimli would not sing it, which Aragorn declared to be appropriate.

For most of the chase he served as a commentator, usually leaving the decisions to Aragorn. His reaction was quite hostile to the suspicious [[Rohirrim]], especially after [[Éomer]]’s rash comments about Galadriel. Little did either know that they would become close friends in the times to come as fiery words passed between them. After the [[Three Hunters]] were lent horses, Gimli and Éomer parted in peace, with promises to one another of reconciliation.

Of the Three Hunters, Gimli seemed the most shaken by [[Fangorn Forest]] while they searched for traces of [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]] and [[Peregrin Took|Pippin]]. Gimli felt no reluctance to shoot the “unarmed” old man whom they thought was [[Saruman]], unlike Aragorn and Legolas. After Gandalf was revealed to them, Gimli fell to his knees. Gandalf put his hand on Gimli’s head, and the dwarf laughed for the first time recorded during the [[Quest of the Ring]].

Gimli’s ire was raised again in King [[Théoden]]’s courts against [[Gríma|Wormtongue]], who spoke slanderously of the Lady of the Golden Wood. Gandalf quickly calmed him. Gimli was delighted by the [[White Mountains]] and [[Helm's Deep]], declaring "This country has tough bones". He declared that if he had a hundred of his kin he could make the fortress invincible.

===War of the Ring===

[[Image:Ted Nasmith - The Glittering Caves of Aglarond.jpg|thumb|left|220px|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''The Glittering Caves of Aglarond'']]During the [[Battle of the Hornburg]], Gimli saved Éomer’s life outside the gates. He came in, boasting of his first two orc-kills to his friend Legolas. Legolas estimated his slaughter to amount to twenty, starting the good-hearted orc-killing game that continued through the rest of the battle. Gimli was the first to the culvert when the orcs crept through, leaping heroically into their midst from the walls. He then proceeded to lead the blocking up of the culvert. During the course of the battle Gimli was one of those forced into the [[Glittering Caves]]. He was astonished to see the magnificence of these caverns, moving even Legolas with his glowing description of them. This one sight would change his life.

His final kill score number was forty-two in that battle, surpassing his friend the elf by one. Gimli shows a hint of humor and affection when he greets the two [[Hobbits]] Merry and Pippin comfortably situated among [[wikipedia:flotsam|flotsam]] and [[wikipedia:jetsam|jetsam]] in the ruin of [[Isengard]]. He declared himself deep in Pippin’s debt when the hobbit lent him his spare pipe.

Gimli shows some of the stone hardness of Dwarves when they meet [[Saruman]] at [[Orthanc]]. Saruman uses the power in his voice to sway [[Théoden]] to forgive him and make peace, and many of the [[Rohirrim]] are moved by his magic and are spell-bound. Unmoved, Gimli comments that Saruman's words cannot be trusted and that from Orthanc, help would mean ruin. Saruman is angered enough by Gimli that for a moment he loses his charm.

As the fellowship of friends again began to break up – Gandalf and Pippin heading for [[Minas Tirith]], [[Théoden]] and his riders for [[Dunharrow]] – Gimli out of love and respect for Aragorn went with him, Legolas, the sons of Elrond, and the [[Dúnedain]] [[Rangers of the North|Rangers]] on the [[Paths of the Dead]]. He showed great reluctance before the [[Dark Door]], the final thought that drove him downward was the thought of being bested by an Elf underground.

He participated in the epic [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields|Battle of Pelennor Fields]], returning with Aragorn and his other companions on the [[Black Ships]], and later recounted their journey to the fascinated Hobbits. He began to fear for Legolas, who seemed entranced by the Sea. His position on Elves completely changed, he remarked "If all the fair folk take to the Havens, it will be a duller world for those who are doomed to stay". He was much more sceptical as to the overall end of [[Men]] than his comrade.

Gimli fought in the [[Battle of the Morannon]], passing through unscathed, and finding the alive but bruised Pippin among the dead lying on the hill. He returned to the [[Field of Cormallen]] to be reunited to his friends, and there displayed open affection for all of them, even his frequent rival Pippin ("If only because of the pains you have cost me, which I shall never forget").

===After the War of the Ring===
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Legolas and Gimli Reach the Shores of Valinor.jpg|thumb|right|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Gimli and Legolas reach the shores of Valinor'']]
After the coronation of Aragorn, Gimli said farewell to his old friend Éomer, who begged for pardon as to his words on Galadriel, though he added that he still didn’t think she was the fairest in the world. When he added that he considered [[Arwen]] the fairest instead, Gimli was content with this.

During the return journey he visited many places with Legolas, including Fangorn Forest and [[Glittering Caves|Aglarond]]. Eventually he returned to Erebor, to find it nearly devastated by war. [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] had died, and [[Thorin Stonehelm|Thorin III Stonehelm]] was now King. Eventually, though, he returned to the Glittering Caves with a contingent of dwarves, becoming the "[[Lord of the Glittering Caves]]". He rebuilt the gates of Minas Tirith with ''[[mithril]]'' and steel, and in both [[Gondor]] and [[Rohan]] accomplished great works. In Aglarond, it is assumed, he lived on until he was old, and in {{FoA|120}} he sailed with Legolas his friend across [[Belegaer]] to [[Valinor]], becoming the first and only Dwarf to do so.

==Character==

Gimli throughout the War showed perhaps the greatest open contempt for Sauron and his minions, save possibly [[Boromir]]. He was a grim character, for the most part, laughing only occasionally and, though in a few rare situations inspiring amusement, never joking. Due to his comments especially during the initial stage of the journey, he may be called more superstitious than the others, acting very much as if Caradhras was an actual living being.

Gimli also carries the characteristic of smouldering vengeance against enemies found in many dwarves, such as when speaking of Moria. It may be that Gimli’s strongest show of sentiment was when speaking of Balin and Moria. He also is shown to have a steadfast nature to match, noticeable, for instance, when he plunges heedlessly across a stagnant creek in his eagerness to get to Moria. He also seems to have a love (or an interest, at least) in food, complementing the [[lembas]] of the Elves most highly.
== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| | | | | | NAI | | | | | | | | | | | |NAI=[[Náin II]] ''{{TA|2338|n}} - {{TA|2585|n}}''}}
{{familytree| |,|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| DAI | | | | | | | | BOR | | | | | | |DAI=[[Dáin I]] ''{{TA|2440|n}} - {{TA|2589|n}}''†| BOR=[[Borin]] ''{{TA|2450|n}} - {{TA|2711|n}}''}}
{{familytree| |!| | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| THR | | | | | | | | FAR | | | | | | |THR=[[Thrór]] ''{{TA|2542|n}} - {{TA|2790|n}}''†''|FAR=[[Farin]] ''{{TA|2560|n}} - {{TA|2803|n}}''}}
{{familytree| |!| | | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|.| | | |}}
{{familytree| THR | | | | FUN | | | | | | GRO | | |THR=[[Thráin|Thráin II]] ''{{TA|2644|n}} - {{TA|2850|n}}''†|FUN=[[Fundin]] ''{{TA|2662|n}} - {{TA|2799|n}}''†|GRO=[[Gróin]] ''{{TA|2671|n}} - {{TA|2923|n}}''}}
{{familytree| |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| |}}
{{familytree| THO | | BAL | | DWA | | OIN | | GLO |THO=[[Thorin]] ''{{TA|2746|n}} - {{TA|2941|n}}''†|BAL=[[Balin]] ''{{TA|2763|n}} - {{TA|2994|n}}''†|DWA=[[Dwalin]] ''{{TA|2772|n}} - {{FoA|91}}''|OIN=[[Óin]] ''{{TA|2774|n}} - {{TA|2994|n}}''†|GLO=[[Glóin]] ''{{TA|2783|n}} - {{FoA|15}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GIM |GIM='''GIMLI''' ''{{TA|2879|n}} - {{FoA|120}}+''}}
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==Etymology==

In [[1978]], [[Jim Allan]] noted that the name ''Gimli'' appears once in the ''[[Völuspá]]'' and three times in the ''Prose Edda''. Allan suggested that ''Gimli'' means "One-of-Gimlé/Gimill", where [[Wikipedia:Gimlé|''Gimlé''/''Gimill'']] in the ''Eddas'' is a hall of the after-life "''inhabited solely by [[Calaquendi#Inspiration|Light-elves]]''" (evoking Gimli's leaving for [[Aman]]).<ref>[[Jim Allan]], "Giving of Names", in ''[[An Introduction to Elvish]]'', p. 225</ref>

However, with the publication of ''[[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]]'' in [[1981]], Tolkien wrote in a draft letter that Gimli's name comes from a poetic [[Old Norse]] word, ''gimm'', presumably meaning "fire".<ref>{{L|297}}, p. 382</ref>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
The name "[[Gimli (Noldo)|Gimli]]" was first used by Tolkien for the name of a [[Gnome]] in the ''[[Tale of Tinúviel]]'', written in mid-1910s.

In the [[Adûnaic]] language described in ''[[The Notion Club Papers]]'' ([[1945]]), ''gimli'' (pl. ''gimil'') is the word for "[[stars|star]]", derived from a [[root]] G-M-L and having the Characteristic Vowel I. From these derive others words such as ''igmil'' "a star-shaped formation"; and ''Gimilnitîr'' "Star-kindler" ([[Gilthoniel]]), a name for [[Varda]].<ref>{{SD|NC}}, p. 427-428</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
{{Gallery
|title=Pictures of adaptations of Gimli
|height=150
|width=200
|lines=3
|File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Gimli.jpg|[[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]
|File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Gimli.jpg|[[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]
|File:Gimli viv lotr.JPG|[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]
|File:SBG - Gimli.gif|''[[The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game]]''
|File:Aragorn's Quest - Gimli.jpg|''[[The Lord of the Rings: Aragorn's Quest]]''
|File:Gimli.jpg|''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''
|File:Lego - Gimli mini figure.png|''[[Lego]] mini figure''
}}

'''1955: [[The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1955 radio series)]]:'''
:The part of Gimli was read by [[Eric Lugg]].

'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''
:Gimli is portrayed as almost as tall as [[Aragorn]] and [[Legolas]]. He has a brown beard and wears a hood. [[David Buck]] provided Gimli's voice.

'''1979: [[The Lord of the Rings (1979 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1979 radio series)]]:'''
:The voice of Gimli is provided by [[Gail Chugg]].

'''1980: [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]:'''
:Both Gimli and Legolas are omitted from this adaptation, as it centers on Aragorn.

'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''
:Gimli is played by [[Douglas Livingstone]], who uses a heavily articulated accent.

'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''
:[[John Rhys-Davies]] portrayed Gimli in voice and close-ups; Brett Beattie was his size-double. Jackson used the antagonism between Legolas and Gimli, although he placed most of it on Gimli's plate.

'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''
:Gimli is portrayed as a burly lumberjack, slightly smaller than Legolas, but the same size as Boromir. His moment of glory is in [[Moria]], where he aids the player (at this point, Frodo) with trying to find the Bridge. He is voiced by [[James Horan]].

'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''
:Now that [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]] and [[Peregrin Took|Pippin]] were no longer around to provide comic relief, Gimli was chosen to fill the spot. This has led to much criticism.

'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers'' (video game)]]:'''
:Gimli is one of the three playable characters.

'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''
:As in the second film Gimli's character was somewhat controversially used to insert comic relief into the scenes he appeared in.

'''2003: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]:'''
:Gimli is a playable character, with an aggressive fighting style. He and Legolas accompany Aragorn through Paths of the Dead, later he fights on Pelennor fields and at the Black Gate.

'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring|Sierra's War of the Ring]]'':'''
:[[Bob Papenbrook]] provided the voice of Gimli, who is a Hero Unit for the Free People side. His first appearance is near the Lonely Mountain, where he and other dwarves fight orcs and later activate a giant catapult.

'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''
:Gimil is a Hero Unit for the Rohan faction in skirmishes, though he accompanies the Fellowship in the storyline mode.

'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''
:Gimli is now the Hero for the Dwarven faction.

'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Gimli is first met by Dwarven character in the intro taking place in {{TA|2941}}, shortly before the Quest for Erebor. Later, all characters meet him in Rivendell and he also accompanies them on a mission to the [[Misty Mountains]]. Later, he can be found in Lothlorien, where he is present on Cerim Amroth along with Legolas.

'''2009: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Conquest]]'':'''
:Gimli is a playable hero available in several missions.

'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''
:Gimli can be found and talked to in Rivendell, he retains the appearance from the movies. While he provides insight into many events, interactions with him do not affect the main plot.

==See Also==
* [[:Category:Images of Gimli|Images of Gimli]]

{{References}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=dwarf
| house=[[House of Durin]]
| born={{TA|2879}}
| died=after {{FoA|120}}
}}
{{seq
| pvac=None
| prev=Position created
| list=[[Lord of the Glittering Caves]]
| dates=unknown – {{FoA|120}}
| nvac=Unknown
}}
{{seq-end}}{{councilofelrond}}{{fellowship}}{{FellowshipRoute}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Dwarves]]
[[Category:Fourth Age characters]]
[[Category:Longbeards]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

[[de:Gimli]]
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