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Baruk Khazâd! Khazâd ai-mênu!

2023-05-12T23:57:13Z

Tuorist: /* Appearances in adaptations */

__NOTOC__
[[File:Donato Giancola - Gimli at Helm's Deep.jpg|thumb|''Gimli at Helm's Deep'' by [[Donato Giancola]]]]
'''Baruk Khazâd! Khazâd ai-mênu!''' was a [[Khuzdul]] battlecry.

==History==
Though the battle-cry was much older, the first recorded use was in the [[Battle of the Hornburg]]:

{{blockquote|''But a [[Gimli|small dark figure]] that none had observed sprang out of the shadows and gave a hoarse shout: ''Baruk Khazâd! Khazâd ai-mênu!'' An axe swung and swept back. Two Orcs fell headless. The rest fled.''<ref>{{TT|III7}}, p. 534</ref>}}

Later, Gimli gave some variations on the battle-cry: ''Khazâd! Khazâd!'' and ''Khazâd ai-mênu!''.

==Etymology==
The cry is translated "Axes of the Dwarves! The Dwarves are upon you!".<ref>{{App|F1iv}}, ''Dwarves'', p. 1132</ref>

'''''See also:'''''
* [[Baruk]]
* [[Khazâd]]
* [[Aimênu|ai-mênu]]

==Appearances in adaptations==
[[Image:The Hobbit (2003) Balfor Baruk-Khazâd.JPG|thumb|250px||Balfor in the video game ''[[The Hobbit (2003 video game)|The Hobbit]]'']]
'''1968: [[The Hobbit (1968 radio series)|''The Hobbit'' (1968 radio series)]]:'''
:[[Thorin]] shouts ''Baruk Khazâd! Khazâd ai-mênu!'' at the [[Battle of Five Armies]].<ref>[[The Hobbit (1968 radio series)|''The Hobbit'' (1968 radio series)]], "The Cloud Bursts"</ref>

'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''
:[[Gimli]] simply yells ''Khazâd! Khazâd!'' at the battle of the Hornburg.<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]], "The King of the Golden Hall"</ref>

'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''
:''Baruk Khazâd! To Battle!'' is a war-cry used by Gimli prior to the [[Breaking of the Fellowship|skirmish at Amon Hen]].<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]], "Amon Hen"</ref>

'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''
:Despite the movie's use of [[Khuzdul]] lines,<ref>[[Ryszard Derdziński]], "[http://www.elvish.org/gwaith/movie_fotr.htm#gimli Movie Dialogs]" at ''[http://elvish.org/gwaith/movie.htm Gwaith i-Phethdain]''.</ref> no Dwarvish battle-cry is heard at the [[Battle of the Hornburg]], or anywhere else.

'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers'' (video game)]]:'''
:During the "Hornburg Courtyard" stage, Gimli shouts ''Khazâd! Khazâd ai-mênu!'' while fighting off an oncoming force of Uruk-hai.

'''2003: [[The Hobbit (2003 video game)|''The Hobbit'' (2003 video game)]]:'''
:The Dwarf [[Balfor]] shouts ''Baruk-Khazâd'' upon his release from goblin captivity.<ref>[[The Hobbit (2003 video game)|''The Hobbit'' (2003 video game)]], "Riddles in the Dark"</ref>

'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''
:Dwarven soldiers will yell, among other phrases, "Baruk Khazâd" and "Khazâd ai-mênu", when ordered to fight.

'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Players that play with a Dwarf will shout ''Baruk Khazâd!'' when doing certain skills, while Stout-axe characters shout both ''Baruk Khazad!'' and ''Khazad ai-menu!''.

'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''
:Farin shouts ''Baruk khazâd'' and ''khazâd ai-mênu'' during combat. Other dwarves from Nordinbad also use the war cry.

'''2015: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies (extended edition)]]'':'''
:Dáin uses both parts of the phrase during the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. He yells "Baruk Khazâd" as he orders the ballistae to shoot, and later uses the long version as he fights Orcs.

{{references}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Baruk Khazad Khazad ai-menu}}
[[Category:Battle cries]]
[[Category:Khuzdul]]

Scary

2023-04-18T02:09:54Z

Tuorist: Fatty's resistance

{{location infobox
| name=Scary
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=[[Eastfarthing]], [[The Shire]]
| type=Settlement
| description=
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Hobbits]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Scary''' was a small settlement that lay in the hilly region of caves and rock holes that formed the northern parts of the [[Eastfarthing]], which also gave its name to the surrounding [[Hills of Scary|stony hills]].<ref>{{FR|Part}}</ref>

From among the rocky lands around Scary much of [[the Shire]]'s stone was quarried.

During the [[War of the Ring]], the Scary quarries were used by [[Ruffians|Sharkey's Men]] to store their loot, and after Sharkey was defeated, much of this was recovered by the [[Shire-hobbits]]. It was arond these hills that [[Fredegar Bolger]] organized his band of rebels against the Ruffians, until they were caught.<ref>{{RK|VI9}}</ref>

==Etymology==
[[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] notes that the name was meaningless in [[Hobbitish]] of the [[War of the Ring]]. However he notes that since it was in a rocky region and of a stone-quarry, it may be supposed to contain English dialectal ''scar'', "rocky cliff".<ref>{{HM|N}}, p. 775</ref>

Based on the above, [[David Salo]] has suggested that Scary represents a speculative [[Old English]] *''Skerig'' "precipitous (place)". Salo also noted that the form of this dialectal word, specifically the existence of sk-, reveals a [[Norse]] origin.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[David Salo]]|articleurl=https://tolkienlistsearch.herokuapp.com/message/5e9c35b63ee6a6c41e9862d6|articlename=Hobbitish Place-names|dated=23 November 1998|website=[[Elfling]]|accessed=9 March 2013}}</ref>

[[Tom Shippey]] suggests an etymology from Old English ''scearu'' "a boundary", marking the Shire's northern boundary; the retaining (or reversal) of /sk/ might reflect the peculiarity of [[Wikipedia:Northern English|Northern English]] (in such names as [[Wikipedia:Skipton|Skipton]], [[Wikipedia:Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]]).<ref>[[Jason Fisher]], ed., ''[[Tolkien and the Study of His Sources]]'', p. 11</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Hills]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages of the Shire]]

[[de:Schären]]
[[fi:Kivikko]]

Orodreth

2023-04-12T13:25:46Z

Tuorist:

{{disambig-two|the Elf of Nargothrond|the Steward of Gondor|[[Orodreth (Steward of Gondor)]]}}
{{noldor infobox
| name=Orodreth
| image=[[File:Marya Filatova - Artaresto.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Artaresto" by [[Marya Filatova]]
| pronun=[[Sindarin|S]], {{IPA|[oˈrodreθ]}}
| othernames=''Artaresto'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]])
| titles=[[King of Nargothrond]] [[Lord of Narog]]<ref>{{CH|8}} = {{UT|Narn}}.</ref>
| position=Warden of [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] ({{FA|60}} - {{FA|457|n}})
| location=[[Tirion]], [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]], [[Nargothrond]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]
| birth=between {{YT|1300}} and {{YT|1495|n}}
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]
| rule={{FA|465}} - {{FA|495|n}}
| death={{FA|495}}<ref name="GAS275">{{GA|275}}</ref>
| deathlocation=[[Battle of Tumhalad]]
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]
| parentage=[[Angrod]] and [[Eldalótë]] or [[Finarfin]]
| siblings=None or [[Finrod]], [[Galadriel]], [[Angrod]], and [[Aegnor]]
| spouse=Unnamed [[Sindar|Sindarin]] lady<ref>{{PM|XI5}}</ref>
| children=[[Finduilas]] and maybe [[Gil-galad]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}

'''Orodreth''' was a lord of the [[Noldor]] and a member of the [[House of Finarfin]]. He served as the warden of [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] under his uncle [[Finrod]] until the fortress was overrun by [[Sauron]].

After Finrod’s death, Orodreth was proclaimed [[King of Nargothrond]] but was killed during the [[Fall of Nargothrond|fall of the city]]. He was the son of the Noldorin lord [[Angrod]] and the father of [[Finduilas]] and [[Gil-galad]].<ref name=Gil-galad>{{PM|Gil-galad}}, p. 350</ref>

==History==
===Early History===
He was born in [[Valinor]] sometime during the [[Years of the Trees]]. His name in [[Quenya]] was '''''Artaresto'''''.<ref name=Gil-galad/>

During the [[Flight of the Noldor]], Orodreth spoke softly and sought to calm the Noldor to reflect before taking the decision to leave [[Aman]].<ref name=Flight>{{S|Flight}}</ref> After the return of the Noldor to [[Middle-earth]] and the completion of [[Nargothrond]], Orodreth's uncle [[Finrod]] gave the fortress of [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] to Orodreth's keeping.<ref name=Beleriand>{{S|Beleriand}}</ref>

Orodreth held the fortress of Minas Tirith in the vale of [[Sirion]] until shortly after the [[Dagor Bragollach]] [[Sauron]], lieutenant of [[Morgoth]], overran the isle, took Minas Tirith by storm and turned it into [[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]], the Isle of Werewolves, in {{FA|457}}. Orodreth had to flee from Minas Tirith south to [[Nargothrond]].<ref name=Fingolfin>{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref>

===Arrival of Beren===
When [[Beren]], son of [[Barahir]] came to Nargothrond in {{FA|465}}, Finrod, the [[King of Nargothrond]], decided to accompany him on his [[Quest for the Silmaril|quest for the Silmaril]], fulfilling his oath. However, [[Celegorm]] and [[Curufin]], the [[sons of Fëanor|Sons of Fëanor]], were also at Nargothrond at the time, and persuaded almost all the people of Nargothrond to refuse to accompany Finrod on the quest for the Silmaril so that only [[Edrahil]] and ten companions agreed to go with Finrod and Beren. Finrod gave his crown to Orodreth to rule Nargothrond as a regent in his absence. When news came that Finrod had been killed and that Tol-in-Gaurhoth had been destroyed, the sons of Fëanor were shamed and fell from power, as the people cried out that the maiden [[Lúthien]] had done what the sons of Fëanor dared not. Orodreth returned to power and expelled Celegorm and Curufin from Nargothrond.<ref name=Beren>{{S|Beren}}</ref>

===Arrival of Túrin===
In {{FA|490}}<ref>{{GA|267}}</ref>, [[Gwindor]], a prince of Nargothrond and an escaped thrall of Morgoth returning from his captivity in [[Angband]], led [[Túrin]] son of [[Húrin]], a [[Man]] of the [[House of Hador]] to Nargothrond. In Nargothrond, Túrin hid his name, calling himself ''[[Agarwaen]]'', son of ''[[Úmarth]]'' ("Bloodstained, son of Ill-fate"). [[Finduilas]], daughter of Orodreth, fell in love with him, but he avoided her because she had previously been the beloved of his friend Gwindor. Túrin declined to tell her his name, so that she called him ''Thurin'' ("The Secret"). He was also called ''Adanedhel'' ("Man-Elf") because he was so alike to an Elf, though he was a Man.<ref name=Turin>{{S|Turin}}</ref><ref name=Narn>{{UT|Narn}}</ref><ref name=CH10>{{CH|10}}</ref>

His identity did not remain hidden for long. Gwindor revealed to Finduilas that 'Agarwaen' was in fact Túrin, and 'Úmarth' his famous father Húrin. When the news of this reached Finduilas' father, Orodreth, King of Nargothrond, Túrin was given great honor and standing, but the revelation of Túrin's identity would also bring Morgoth's curse with him.<ref name=Turin/><ref name=Narn/><ref name=CH10/>

Túrin became a chief counselor of Orodreth, and was extremely influential in Nargothrond. He encouraged the people of Nargothrond to abandon their practice of secrecy, and they built a great bridge before the gates. Because of his prowess with [[Gurthang]], his black sword, he himself became known as ''Mormegil'' ("Black Sword").<ref name=Turin/><ref name=Narn/><ref name=CH10/>

However, sometime after, two messengers, named [[Gelmir (messenger of Círdan)|Gelmir]] and [[Arminas]], sent there by [[Círdan]], arrived to Nargothrond, delivering the message from [[Ulmo]], Lord of Waters himself, to the King Orodreth, advising him to shut the doors of Nargothrond and destroy the bridge before its gates. At this time Orodreth relied upon the counsel of Túrin, who scorned the words of the messengers, for it was upon his advice that the bridge had been built and it was his policy for the King's forces to go forth openly to war, and sent them away.<ref name=Turin/><ref name=Narn/><ref name=Fall>{{CH|11}}</ref>

This would prove to be a fatal mistake, since in {{FA|495}}<ref>{{GA|275}}</ref>, Morgoth unleashed his forces at Nargothrond. Led by [[Glaurung]] the dragon, they devastated the army of Orodreth at the [[Battle of Tumhalad]]. In that battle Orodreth was slain, and after that the [[Fall of Nargothrond]] was inevitable, due to the bridge that allowed Glaurung and Morgoth's host to ravage the city, and most of its people were either enslaved or killed (including Orodreth's daughter Finduilas).<ref name=Turin/><ref name=Narn/><ref name=Fall/>

==Etymology==
''Orodreth'' is a [[Sindarin]]<ref name=Gil-galad/> name, which means "mountaineer".<ref>{{PE|Eldarin}}, root '''RETE''', p. 182</ref> Paul Strack suggests that it is a combination of ''[[ered|orod]]'' ("mountain") and ''reth'' ("climber").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-2927154629.html|articlename=S. ''Orodreth'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=19 October 2022}}</ref>

==Genealogy==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]]''d. {{YT|1170}}''|FIN=[[Finwë]]''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]]''b. {{YT}}''|OLW=[[Olwë]]''b. {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FDS=[[Findis]]''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRM=[[Írimë]]''b. {{YT}}''|FRF=[[Finarfin]]''b. {{YT|1230}}''|EAW=[[Eärwen]]''b. {{YT}}''|SON=''unknown sons''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL | |FRD=[[Finrod]]''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''|ANG=[[Angrod]]''d. {{FA|455}}''|AEG=[[Aegnor]]''d. {{FA|455}}''|GAL=[[Galadriel]]''b. {{YT|1362}}''|ELD=[[Eldalótë]]''b. {{YT}}''|CEL=[[Celeborn]]''b. {{FA}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | | |ORO='''ORODRETH'''''d. {{FA|495}}''|CLB=[[Celebrían]]''b. {{SA}}''|ELR=[[Elrond]]''b. {{FA|532}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GIL | | FIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW | |GIL=[[Gil-galad]]''d. {{SA|3441}}''|FIL=[[Finduilas]]''d. {{FA|495}}''|ELL=[[Elladan]]''b. {{TA|130}}''|ELO=[[Elrohir]]''b. {{TA|130}}''|ARW=[[Arwen]]''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In earlier versions of the [[legendarium]], Orodreth was a more important character, and the original king of Nargothrond. However, his importance diminished over time. In these early versions, he had two sons whose names were translated as [[Ordhelm]] and [[Ordláf]] in [[Old English]] by [[Ælfwine]], though the original [[Elvish]] names were lost to time.<ref name=Ord>{{SM|QA1}}, p. 213</ref>

In the published version of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' and in the published ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'' Orodreth is a son of Finarfin<ref>{{S|Princes}}</ref><ref name=Flight/><ref>{{UT|2o}}, much fuller account of the coming of the Elves Gelmir and Arminas to Nargothrond</ref> and the brother of Finrod<ref name=Beleriand/><ref name=Beren/> and [[Fingon]] is the father of Gil-galad.<ref name=Fingolfin/><ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref><ref>{{S|Gondolin}}</ref><ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref><ref>{{UT|Wife}}</ref>

In later writings by J.R.R. Tolkien, [[Gil-galad]], later [[High King of the Noldor]], was Orodreth's son. Since this later revision was not integrated in any of his father's narratives, [[Christopher Tolkien]] did not include it in the published text. In the opinion of Christopher Tolkien, his father's last word on the subject of the parentage of Orodreth was that Orodreth was the son of Angrod. J.R.R. Tolkien did not include this radical change of the parentage of Orodreth in his narratives before this death. It is not known if J.R.R. Tolkien would have changed the narrative or abandoned this change if he had lived longer. Christopher Tolkien believed that it was obviously impossible to include in ''The Silmarillion'' that Orodreth was the son of Angrod. In the opinion of Christopher Tolkien it would have been much better if he had left the parentage of Gil-galad obscure in the published version of ''The Silmarillion''. Christopher Tolkien did not make a statement that it would also have been better to leave the parentage of Orodreth obscure in the published version of ''The Silmarillion''.<ref>{{PM|Gil-galad}}, p. 351</ref>

In his last writings, Tolkien changed Orodreth's name to '''''Artaher''''' ([[Quenya]]) / '''''Arothir''''' ([[Sindarin]]), both meaning "Noble Lord". However, it was never introduced in any narratives, so Christopher Tolkien left the name Orodreth unchanged.<ref>{{PM|XI4}}, p. 346</ref>

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
|race=noldor
|house=[[House of Finarfin]] Cadet branch of [[House of Finwë]]
|born=After {{YT|1300}}
|died={{FA|495}}
}}
{{seq
|prev=[[Finrod]]
|nvac=None
|next=Kingdom destroyed
|list=2nd [[King of Nargothrond]]
|dates={{FA|465}} – {{FA|495|n}}
}}
{{seq-end}}

[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Children of Húrin]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Gnomish names]]
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[Category:Noldorin names]]
[[Category:Rulers in Beleriand]]
[[Category:Rulers in the Great Lands]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Orodreth (Elb)]]
[[fi:Orodreth]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/orodreth]]

Orodreth

2023-04-12T00:19:56Z

Tuorist: family relations described in more neutral manner, in line with TG rules about not promoting specific version in cases of debatable canonicity

{{disambig-two|the Elf of Nargothrond|the Steward of Gondor|[[Orodreth (Steward of Gondor)]]}}
{{noldor infobox
| name=Orodreth
| image=[[File:Marya Filatova - Artaresto.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Artaresto" by [[Marya Filatova]]
| pronun=[[Sindarin|S]], {{IPA|[oˈrodreθ]}}
| othernames=''Artaresto'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]])
| titles=[[King of Nargothrond]] [[Lord of Narog]]<ref>{{CH|8}} = {{UT|Narn}}.</ref>
| position=Warden of [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] ({{FA|60}} - {{FA|457|n}})
| location=[[Tirion]]; [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]]; [[Nargothrond]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]
| birth=between {{YT|1300}} and {{YT|1495|n}}
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]
| rule={{FA|465}} - {{FA|495|n}}
| death={{FA|495}}<ref name="GAS275">{{GA|275}}</ref>
| deathlocation=[[Battle of Tumhalad]]
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]
| parentage=[[Angrod]] & [[Eldalótë]] or [[Finarfin]] (in published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'')
| siblings= none or [[Finrod]], [[Galadriel]], [[Angrod]] and [[Aegnor]] (in published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'')
| spouse=Unnamed [[Sindar|Sindarin]] lady<ref>{{PM|XI5}}</ref>
| children=[[Gil-galad]] & [[Finduilas]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
[[Orodreth]] was a lord of the [[Noldor]] and a member of the [[House of Finarfin]]. He served as the warden of [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] under his uncle [[Finrod]] until the fortress was overrun by [[Sauron]].

After Finrod’s death, Orodreth was proclaimed [[King of Nargothrond]] but was killed during the [[Fall of Nargothrond|fall of the city]]. He was the son of the Noldorin lord [[Angrod]] and the father of [[Finduilas]] and [[Gil-galad]].<ref name=Gil-galad>{{PM|Gil-galad}}, p. 350</ref>

==History==
===Early History===
He was born in [[Valinor]] sometime during the [[Years of the Trees]]. His name in [[Quenya]] was '''''Artaresto'''''.<ref name=Gil-galad/>

During the [[Flight of the Noldor]], Orodreth spoke softly and sought to calm the Noldor to reflect before taking the decision to leave [[Aman]].<ref name=Flight>{{S|Flight}}</ref> After the return of the Noldor to [[Middle-earth]] and the completion of [[Nargothrond]], Orodreth's uncle [[Finrod]] gave the fortress of [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] to Orodreth's keeping.<ref name=Beleriand>{{S|Beleriand}}</ref>

Orodreth held the fortress of Minas Tirith in the vale of [[Sirion]] until shortly after the [[Dagor Bragollach]] [[Sauron]], lieutenant of [[Morgoth]], overran the isle, took Minas Tirith by storm and turned it into [[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]], the Isle of Werewolves, in {{FA|457}}. Orodreth had to flee from Minas Tirith south to [[Nargothrond]].<ref name=Fingolfin>{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref>

===Arrival of Beren===
When [[Beren]], son of [[Barahir]] came to Nargothrond in {{FA|465}}, Finrod, the [[King of Nargothrond]], decided to accompany him on his [[Quest for the Silmaril|quest for the Silmaril]], fulfilling his oath. However, [[Celegorm]] and [[Curufin]], the [[sons of Fëanor|Sons of Fëanor]], were also at Nargothrond at the time, and persuaded almost all the people of Nargothrond to refuse to accompany Finrod on the quest for the Silmaril so that only [[Edrahil]] and ten companions agreed to go with Finrod and Beren. Finrod gave his crown to Orodreth to rule Nargothrond as a regent in his absence. When news came that Finrod had been killed and that Tol-in-Gaurhoth had been destroyed, the sons of Fëanor were shamed and fell from power, as the people cried out that the maiden [[Lúthien]] had done what the sons of Fëanor dared not. Orodreth returned to power and expelled Celegorm and Curufin from Nargothrond.<ref name=Beren>{{S|Beren}}</ref>

===Arrival of Túrin===
In {{FA|490}}<ref>{{GA|267}}</ref>, [[Gwindor]], a prince of Nargothrond and an escaped thrall of Morgoth returning from his captivity in [[Angband]], led [[Túrin]] son of [[Húrin]], a [[Man]] of the [[House of Hador]] to Nargothrond. In Nargothrond, Túrin hid his name, calling himself ''[[Agarwaen]]'', son of ''[[Úmarth]]'' ("Bloodstained, son of Ill-fate"). [[Finduilas]], daughter of Orodreth, fell in love with him, but he avoided her because she had previously been the beloved of his friend Gwindor. Túrin declined to tell her his name, so that she called him ''Thurin'' ("The Secret"). He was also called ''Adanedhel'' ("Man-Elf") because he was so alike to an Elf, though he was a Man.<ref name=Turin>{{S|Turin}}</ref><ref name=Narn>{{UT|Narn}}</ref><ref name=CH10>{{CH|10}}</ref>

His identity did not remain hidden for long. Gwindor revealed to Finduilas that 'Agarwaen' was in fact Túrin, and 'Úmarth' his famous father Húrin. When the news of this reached Finduilas' father, Orodreth, King of Nargothrond, Túrin was given great honor and standing, but the revelation of Túrin's identity would also bring Morgoth's curse with him.<ref name=Turin/><ref name=Narn/><ref name=CH10/>

Túrin became a chief counselor of Orodreth, and was extremely influential in Nargothrond. He encouraged the people of Nargothrond to abandon their practice of secrecy, and they built a great bridge before the gates. Because of his prowess with [[Gurthang]], his black sword, he himself became known as ''Mormegil'' ("Black Sword").<ref name=Turin/><ref name=Narn/><ref name=CH10/>

However, sometime after, two messengers, named [[Gelmir (messenger of Círdan)|Gelmir]] and [[Arminas]], sent there by [[Círdan]], arrived to Nargothrond, delivering the message from [[Ulmo]], Lord of Waters himself, to the King Orodreth, advising him to shut the doors of Nargothrond and destroy the bridge before its gates. At this time Orodreth relied upon the counsel of Túrin, who scorned the words of the messengers, for it was upon his advice that the bridge had been built and it was his policy for the King's forces to go forth openly to war, and sent them away.<ref name=Turin/><ref name=Narn/><ref name=Fall>{{CH|11}}</ref>

This would prove to be a fatal mistake, since in {{FA|495}}<ref>{{GA|275}}</ref>, Morgoth unleashed his forces at Nargothrond. Led by [[Glaurung]] the dragon, they devastated the army of Orodreth at the [[Battle of Tumhalad]]. In that battle Orodreth was slain, and after that the [[Fall of Nargothrond]] was inevitable, due to the bridge that allowed Glaurung and Morgoth's host to ravage the city, and most of its people were either enslaved or killed (including Orodreth's daughter Finduilas).<ref name=Turin/><ref name=Narn/><ref name=Fall/>

==Etymology==
''Orodreth'' is a [[Sindarin]]<ref name=Gil-galad/> name, which means "mountaineer".<ref>{{PE|Eldarin}}, root '''RETE''', p. 182</ref> Paul Strack suggests that it is a combination of ''[[ered|orod]]'' ("mountain") and ''reth'' ("climber").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-2927154629.html|articlename=S. ''Orodreth'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=19 October 2022}}</ref>

==Genealogy==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]]''d. {{YT|1170}}''|FIN=[[Finwë]]''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]]''b. {{YT}}''|OLW=[[Olwë]]''b. {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FDS=[[Findis]]''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRM=[[Írimë]]''b. {{YT}}''|FRF=[[Finarfin]]''b. {{YT|1230}}''|EAW=[[Eärwen]]''b. {{YT}}''|SON=''unknown sons''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL | |FRD=[[Finrod]]''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''|ANG=[[Angrod]]''d. {{FA|455}}''|AEG=[[Aegnor]]''d. {{FA|455}}''|GAL=[[Galadriel]]''b. {{YT|1362}}''|ELD=[[Eldalótë]]''b. {{YT}}''|CEL=[[Celeborn]]''b. {{FA}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | | |ORO='''ORODRETH'''''d. {{FA|495}}''|CLB=[[Celebrían]]''b. {{SA}}''|ELR=[[Elrond]]''b. {{FA|532}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GIL | | FIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW | |GIL=[[Gil-galad]]''d. {{SA|3441}}''|FIL=[[Finduilas]]''d. {{FA|495}}''|ELL=[[Elladan]]''b. {{TA|130}}''|ELO=[[Elrohir]]''b. {{TA|130}}''|ARW=[[Arwen]]''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In earlier versions of the [[legendarium]], Orodreth was a more important character, and the original king of Nargothrond. However, his importance diminished over time. In these early versions, he had two sons whose names were translated as [[Ordhelm]] and [[Ordláf]] in [[Old English]] by [[Ælfwine]], though the original [[Elvish]] names were lost to time.<ref name=Ord>{{SM|QA1}}, p. 213</ref>

In the published version of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' and in the published ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'' Orodreth is a son of Finarfin<ref>{{S|Princes}}</ref><ref name=Flight/><ref>{{UT|2o}}, much fuller account of the coming of the Elves Gelmir and Arminas to Nargothrond</ref> and the brother of Finrod<ref name=Beleriand/><ref name=Beren/> and [[Fingon]] is the father of Gil-galad.<ref name=Fingolfin/><ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref><ref>{{S|Gondolin}}</ref><ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref><ref>{{UT|Wife}}</ref>

In later writings by J.R.R. Tolkien, [[Gil-galad]], later [[High King of the Noldor]], was Orodreth's son. Since this later revision was not integrated in any of his father's narratives, [[Christopher Tolkien]] did not include it in the published text. In the opinion of Christopher Tolkien, his father's last word on the subject of the parentage of Orodreth was that Orodreth was the son of Angrod. J.R.R. Tolkien did not include this radical change of the parentage of Orodreth in his narratives before this death. It is not known if J.R.R. Tolkien would have changed the narrative or abandoned this change if he had lived longer. Christopher Tolkien believed that it was obviously impossible to include in ''The Silmarillion'' that Orodreth was the son of Angrod. In the opinion of Christopher Tolkien it would have been much better if he had left the parentage of Gil-galad obscure in the published version of ''The Silmarillion''. Christopher Tolkien did not make a statement that it would also have been better to leave the parentage of Orodreth obscure in the published version of ''The Silmarillion''.<ref>{{PM|Gil-galad}}, p. 351</ref>

In his last writings, Tolkien changed Orodreth's name to '''''Artaher''''' ([[Quenya]]) / '''''Arothir''''' ([[Sindarin]]), both meaning "Noble Lord". However, it was never introduced in any narratives, so Christopher Tolkien left the name Orodreth unchanged.<ref>{{PM|XI4}}, p. 346</ref>

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
|race=noldor
|house=[[House of Finarfin]] Cadet branch of [[House of Finwë]]
|born=After {{YT|1300}}
|died={{FA|495}}
}}
{{seq
|prev=[[Finrod]]
|nvac=None
|next=Kingdom destroyed
|list=2nd [[King of Nargothrond]]
|dates={{FA|465}} – {{FA|495|n}}
}}
{{seq-end}}

[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Children of Húrin]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Gnomish names]]
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[Category:Noldorin names]]
[[Category:Rulers in Beleriand]]
[[Category:Rulers in the Great Lands]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Orodreth (Elb)]]
[[fi:Orodreth]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/orodreth]]

Fingon

2023-04-12T00:12:14Z

Tuorist: more neutral language in line with TG guidelines in terms of debatable canonicity of conflicting versions

{{noldor infobox
| name=Fingon
| image=[[File:Anna Lee - Fingon.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Fingon" by [[:Category:Images by Anna Lee|Anna Lee]]
| pronun=[[Sindarin|S]], {{IPA|[ˈfiŋɡon]}}
| othernames=''Findecáno'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]])
| titles=[[High King of the Noldor]]
| position=
| location=[[Tirion]]; [[Dor-lómin]]
| affiliation=[[Union of Maedhros]]
| language=[[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]
| birth={{YT|1260}}
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]
| rule={{FA|456}} - {{FA|472|n}}
| death={{FA|472}}
| deathlocation=[[Anfauglith]] in [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]]
| age=c. 2771<ref group="note">Years of the Sun. Each Year of the Tree is equal to 9.582 Years of the Sun, and the Years of the Trees ended in the year 1500.</ref>
| notablefor=Rescuing [[Maedhros]] Battling [[Glaurung]] Battling [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]]
| house=[[House of Fingolfin]]
| parentage=[[Fingolfin]] and [[Anairë]]
| siblings=[[Turgon]], [[Aredhel]] and [[Argon]]<ref group=note>[[Argon]] only appears in very late writings by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] as published in ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', and is left out of the published ''[[The Silmarillion]]''.</ref>
| spouse=
| children=None or [[Gil-galad]] (in published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'')
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=Dark
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=Bow and sword
| steed=
}}
{{quote|Of all the children of Finwë he is justly most renowned: for his valour was as a fire and yet as steadfast as the hills of stone; wise he was and skilled in voice and hand; truth and justice he loved and bore good will to all, both Elves and Men, hating Morgoth only; he sought not his own, neither power nor glory, and death was his reward.|''[[The Lost Road and Other Writings]]'', "[[Quenta Silmarillion (Lost Road)|Quenta Silmarillion]]", §94}}

'''Fingon''' was a [[Noldor]]in prince, and later [[High King of the Noldor]], noted for his skill in battle and was thus named "the Valiant" by his cousin [[Maedhros]].

Fingon was the eldest son of [[Fingolfin]] and [[Anairë]], and he was the older brother of [[Turgon]], [[Aredhel]], and [[Argon]]. Fingon led the largest host in the [[Flight of the Noldor]] from [[Aman]] to [[Middle-earth]] where he then ruled over [[Dor-lómin]] and [[Hithlum]]. He ruled the Noldor as High King from {{FA|456}}, following the death of his father in single combat with [[Morgoth]]. However, Fingon is mostly remembered for his friendship with Maedhros, who he rescued from the peaks of [[Thangorodrim]], and for the manner of his death in battle with the [[Balrog]] [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]] during the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]]. He was succeeded as High King by his brother [[Turgon]], who ruled the Noldor from [[Gondolin]].

==History==
===In Aman===
Fingon was born in the [[Year of the Trees 1260]],<ref>{{NM|P1xxii}}</ref> being the eldest son of [[Anairë]]<ref name=Finwe></ref> and [[Fingolfin]], son of [[King of the Noldor]] [[Finwë]]. Whilst in Aman lived in [[Tirion]], home of the [[Noldor]] in [[Valinor]].<ref name="Eldamar">{{S|Eldamar}}</ref>

In {{YT|1495}}, [[Morgoth]], with the help of [[Ungoliant]], destroyed the [[Two Trees]], stole the [[Silmarils]] from the fortress of [[Formenos]] and killed Finwë.<ref name="AA">{{AA|107-128}}</ref> In anger, Fingon's uncle [[Fëanor]] made a speech in Tirion and, with [[Sons of Fëanor|his sons]], made [[Oath of Fëanor|an oath]] to recover the Silmarils and lead the Noldor in to Beleriand. Fingon did not support Feanor, however he was moved by Feanor's words, and he desired to see wide unguarded lands and to rule there a realm at his own will.

During the [[Flight of the Noldor]], Fingon led the largest host and his people supported Fëanor in the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë|First Kinslaying]] at [[Alqualondë]]. Once the host reached [[Araman]] in {{YT|1496}} there was great debate about how to reach [[Middle-earth]]. Fëanor's people secretly took all the [[Swan-ships]] and passed over the sea to land at [[Drengist]]; [[Maedhros]] - who was friendly with Fingon - wanted to send the ships back first to retrieve "Fingon the valiant" but Fëanor burnt the ships at [[Losgar]].<ref name="Flight" /> Fingon, with the rest of the Noldor of Fingolfin and his cousin [[Finrod]], had to cross the dangerous grinding ice of [[Helcaraxë]] with much loss of life. They arrived in Middle-earth in {{YT|1500}}, after Fëanor had been killed in the second [[Battles of Beleriand|battle]] of [[Beleriand]], [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]].<ref>{{GA|52}}</ref><ref name="Return">{{S|Return}}</ref>
[[File:Jenny Dolfen - Speed now this feathered shaft.jpg|thumb|left|''Speed now this feathered shaft'' by [[Jenny Dolfen]]]]

===Rescue of Maedhros===
In {{FA|1}}, soon after their arrival in Middle-earth following the rising of the [[Sun]] and [[Moon]], the host of [[Fingolfin]] were attacked in the [[Battle of the Lammoth]]. Although victorious in battle against the [[Orcs]], Fingon's brother Argon was surrounded and killed.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 362</ref>

There was no great love between the Houses of Fingolfin and Fëanor following the latter's burning of the ships, causing the former to cross the Helcaraxë. Fingon resolved to rebuild the relationship between these two great houses of the Noldor, so in {{FA|5}} went on a noble quest to Thangorodrim to rescue his cousin and friend Maedhros who had previously been captured by [[Morgoth]]. Travelling alone, and unseen in the darkness, Fingon climbed across the cracks and crevices of Thangorodrim but could not find Maedhros. Then, in both despair and defiance, he took out his harp and sang a fair song of Valinor. Suddenly, above him,his song was taken up, and Maedhros sang among his torment. However, Fingon could not climb up to him and so Maedhros begged Fingon to shoot him with his bow. But, as Fingon cried to [[Manwë]] to "speed now this feathered shaft", the great [[Eagles|eagle]] [[Thorondor]] swooped down and lifted Fingon up. Fingon could not break Maedhros's chains - being of evil design by Morgoth - and although Maedhros begged Fingon to kill him, Fingon cut Maedhros's hand off at the wrist to free him. Borne back to [[Hithlum]] by Thorondor, Fingon's deed was praised as one of the most mighty amongst the Noldor. The hurt between the two houses was healed, and Maedhros waived the [[High King of the Noldor|High Kingship of the Noldor]] which then passed to Fingolfin.<ref name="Realms" />

[[Fingolfin]]'s people made their home in [[Hithlum]], mostly around [[Lake Mithrim]], and built the fortress of [[Barad Eithel]] to keep watch; in {{FA|7}}, at Maedhros's suggestion, Fëanor's sons moved to [[East Beleriand]].<ref>{{GA|65-71}}</ref> The region of [[Nevrast]] was taken by Fingon's brother [[Turgon]] (until he moved to [[Gondolin]]), whilst the south-western region of Hithlum, [[Dor-lómin]], was given to Fingon to rule over.<ref name="Realms">{{S|Beleriand}}</ref>

===In Hithlum===
[[File:Victoria Clare - Fingon and Glaurung.jpg|thumb|''Fingon and Glaurung'' by [[:Category:Images by Victoria Clare|Victoria Clare]]]]
Following the great victory of the [[Noldor]] in the [[Dagor Aglareb]], the Glorious Battle, Fingon lived in a watchful peace known as the [[Siege of Angband]].<ref name="Return"/> In {{FA|155}}, [[Morgoth]] sent a force of along the coast to [[Drengist]] to attack [[Hithlum]] from the west. Having been seen by the [[Noldor]], Fingon heavily defeated the Orcs, causing Morgoth to realize that orcs alone were no match for the Elves.<ref>{{GA|155}}</ref> Over a hundred years later in {{FA|260}}, the great [[Dragons|dragon]] [[Glaurung]] came forth from [[Angband]] to attack the Elves;<ref name="GA260">{{GA|260}}</ref> although a new breed of [[fire-drakes|fire-drake]], Glaurung was still relatively young and only half-grown. The Elves fled to [[Ered Wethrin]] and [[Dorthonion]] as Glaurung defiled the [[Ard-galen]], but Fingon led a troop of archers on horseback to attack Glaurung. He could not withstand their arrows and fled, and for the next 200 years the peoples of [[Beleriand]] enjoyed the [[Long Peace]] and grew prosperous.<ref name="Return" /> In {{FA|416}}, [[Fingolfin]] granted [[Dor-lómin]] to the [[House of Hador]], the third house of the [[Edain]], and Fingon presented [[Hador]] with a [[Dragon-helm of Dor-lómin|Dragon-helm]] which eventually passed to [[Túrin]].<ref>{{WJ|14}}, p. 228</ref><ref name="Narn">{{UT|Narn}}</ref>

In winter {{FA|455}}, rivers of fire suddenly sprang forth from [[Angband]], turning the Ard-galen into the [[Anfauglith]]. This began the [[Dagor Bragollach]], the Battle of Sudden Flame.<ref name="Ruin">{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref> The dragon Glaurung, now fully grown, led armies of [[Balrogs]] and [[Orcs]] in battle that resulted in the deaths of many Elves and Men. The remaining forces of the Noldor were scattered following this heavy defeat. Perceiving the ruin of the Noldor, Fingon's father Fingolfin challenged Morgoth to single combat. Fingolfin fought valiantly, and although he died in the battle, Morgoth himself was wounded and never again fought in single combat. Fingon then became [[High King of the Noldor]].<ref name="Ruin" /><ref name="Realms" />

Seven years later, in {{FA|462}}, Morgoth sent a force of Orcs to attack Fingon's people in Hithlum. Galdor, son of Hador, died defending [[Eithel Sirion]] and his son [[Húrin]] took up the [[Lords of Dor-lómin|lordship of Dor-lómin]] and served Fingon thereafter. To the west, battle took place in Hithlum, and Fingon would have succumbed had it not been for a force of [[Falathrim]] elves under the command of [[Círdan]] who sailed up the Firth of [[Drengist]] and helped defeat the Orcs.<ref name="Ruin" />

===Nirnaeth Arnoediad===
[[File:Steamey - Fingon in a battle with the Balrogs.jpg|thumb|right|''Fingon in a battle with the Balrogs'' by Steamey]]
Following the success of [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]] in the [[Quest for the Silmaril]], [[Maedhros]] saw that Morgoth was not unassailable and was emboldened to form the [[Union of Maedhros]] of Elves, Men and [[Dwarves]]. Maedhros would attack from the east and Fingon from the west. They planned to trap Morgoth between the two armies.<ref name="Fifth">{{S|Fifth}}</ref> Unlooked for, Fingon's brother [[Turgon]] unleashed a force of ten thousand Elves from [[Gondolin]]. On seeing this, Fingon cried:

{{blockquote|'[[Utúlie'n aurë!]] Aiya Eldalië ar Atanatári, utúlie'n aurë! The day has come! Behold, people of the Eldar and Fathers of Men, the day has come!' And all those who heard his great voice echo in the hills answered crying: 'Auta i lómë! The night is passing!'|''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Fifth Battle]]"}}

However, Maedhros' army had been delayed following the betrayal of [[Uldor]]. [[Morgoth]] therefore sent his Orcs swiftly over the Anfauglith to taunt Fingon and draw out his forces. They held firm until the Orcs brought forth [[Gelmir (son of Guilin)|Gelmir]] and cut off his legs, arms and head before them. [[Gwindor]], Gelmir's brother, was enraged by this; and he, with Fingon, led the charge. Gwindor and the elves of [[Nargothrond]] reached the doors of Angband but they were all slain save Gwindor, who was taken captive, for Fingon could not come to his aid in time. <ref name="Fifth" />

On the fourth day, Fingon retreated and met his brother Turgon on the plains of Anfauglith. Some hours later, the banners of [[Maedhros]] appeared on the battlefield and the Elves were heartened, believing victory was in their grasp. However, Morgoth then unleashed [[wolves]], dragons and Balrogs led by [[Glaurung]], who separated the hosts of Fingon and Turgon from Maedhros. This battle, the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]], the Battle of Unnumbered Tears, was the most grievous for the Elves. Fingon, with a host of Men from [[Dor-lómin]] led by [[Húrin]], was surrounded. Eventually, being pushed back, Fingon fought [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]], lord of [[Balrogs]] in battle, but was killed by Gothmog's black axe after another Balrog bound him with a whip. They beat him into the dust with their maces, and his banner, they trod into the mire of his blood. This brought an end to Fingon's realm in [[Hithlum]], and his brother Turgon became High King of the Noldor,<ref name="Fifth" /> whilst Húrin was captured and tortured personally by Morgoth.<ref name="Narn" />

== Etymology ==
{{Pronounce|Fingon.mp3|Ardamir}}
''Fingon'' is the [[Sindarized]] version of version of his [[Quenya]] [[father-name]], '''''Findecáno''''' ("Hair-shout"), from ''[[findë]]'' ("hair") + ''[[káno]]'' ("commander"). It is said it was given by his father as an echo of ''Finwë'' and because it fitted him due his long dark hair, combed in great plaits braided with gold.<ref name=Finwe>{{PM|Finwe}}, p. 345</ref>

Read as proper [[Sindarin]], ''Fingon'' is composed of ''[[fin]]'' ("hair") + ''-gon'' ("lord, prince").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=http://eldamo.org/content/words/word-3451802205.html|articlename=S. ''Fingon'' n.|website=Eldamo|accessed=21 March 2021}}</ref>

At some point, [[Tolkien]] considered and rejected the name as ''Fingorn'', from ''fin(wë)'' + ''[[gorn]]'' ("revered").<ref>{{PE|Eldarin}}, pp. 112-113</ref>

In the [[Noldorin]] phase of the [[Elvish]] languages, the name contains the elements ''find-'' ("skill") + ''-gon'' ("valour").<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, entries "[[KAN]]", "PHIN-"</ref>

== Genealogy ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| MIR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |FIN=[[Finwë]]''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]]''b. {{YT}}''|MIR=[[Míriel]]''d. {{YT|1170}}''}}
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG |y| ANA | | IRM | | FIR | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FDS=[[Findis]]''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|ANA=[[Anairë]]''b. {{YT}}''|IRM=[[Írimë]]''b. {{YT}}''|FIR=[[Finarfin]]''b. {{YT|1230}}''}}
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree| | | MAE | | FIN | | TUR |y| ELE | | ARE |y| EOL | | ARG |MAE=[[Maedhros]] ''d. {{FA|587}}''|FIN='''FINGON'''''{{YT|1260}} - {{FA|472}}''|ARE=[[Aredhel]]''{{YT|1362}} - {{FA|400}}''|TUR=[[Turgon]]''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|510}}''|ELE=[[Elenwë]]''d. {{YT|1500}}''|EOL=[[Eöl]]''d. {{FA|400}}''|ARG=[[Argon]]''d. {{FA|1}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | TUO |y| IDR | | | | | | MAE | | | | | | ||MAE=[[Maeglin]]''{{FA|320}} - {{FA|510|n}}''|IDR=[[Idril]]''b. {{YT}}''|TUO=[[Tuor]]''b. {{FA|472}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | EAR | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |EAR=[[Eärendil]]''b. {{FA|503}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

== Other versions of the legendarium ==
===Earliest versions===
[[Christopher Tolkien]] observed that in the very earliest versions of the legendarium, there is no mention of Fingon (or Fingolfin, Finarfin or [[Finrod]])<ref>{{LT1|VIIn}}, p. 173</ref><ref>{{LT1|Xn}}, p. 243</ref> However, when he first appears in "[[The Lay of the Children of Húrin]]" in the 1920s he is named '''''Finweg'''''<ref>{{LB|1}}, p. 5</ref> (and on one occasion ''Fingweg''),<ref>{{LB|1e}}, 102</ref> a name he retains in the "[[The Quenta]]" of the early 1930s even though his story closely matches that of the published ''Silmarillion''. A more significant difference is that originally Fingon spoke against [[Fëanor]] at [[Tirion]],<ref>{{MR|Annals}}, pp. 121, 125</ref> whilst in the later 1951 version of ''Quenta Silmarllion'', Fingon and [[Turgon]] did not take part in the Kinslaying at [[Alqualondë]].<ref>{{MR|P3I7}}, p. 196</ref>

Fingon is renamed from ''Finweg'' the 1930s around the time of the ''[[Annals of Beleriand]]'',<ref>{{SM|7Ic}}, p. 316</ref> and was firmly ''Fingon'' by the time [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] reworked the ''[[Quenta Silmarillion (Lost Road)|Quenta Silmarillion]]'' in 1937-8.<ref>{{LR|Quenta}}, passim</ref> In an [[Old English]] version of the ''[[Quenta Noldorinwa]]'', Fingon's name is given as '''''Finbrand'''''.<ref>{{SM|QA1}}, p. 213</ref>

===Later versions===
In the published ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', Fingon was the father of [[Gil-galad]], which was a brief idea that Tolkien had, but this inclusion was an editorial decision by Christopher Tolkien who admitted it would have been better had his parentage remained obscure and that Gil-galad being the son of [[Orodreth]] was Tolkien's "last word on the subject".<ref>{{WJ|Ruin}}, pp. 242-3</ref><ref>{{PM|Gil-galad}}, passim</ref>

{{references|note}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
|race=noldor
|house=[[House of Fingolfin]] Cadet branch of [[House of Finwë]]
|born={{YT|1260}}
|died={{FA|472}}
}}
{{seq
|pvac=
|prev=[[Fingolfin]]
|list=2nd [[High King of the Noldor]]
|dates={{FA|456}} – {{FA|472|n}}
|next=[[Turgon]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:House of Fingolfin]]
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[Category:Noldorin names]]
[[Category:Rulers in Beleriand]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Fingon]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/fingon]]
[[fi:Fingon]]

Gil-galad

2023-04-12T00:10:10Z

Tuorist: parantage described in more neutral manner, in line with TG rules about not promoting specific version in cases of debatable canonicity

{{noldor infobox
| name=Gil-galad
| image=[[File:Kimberly - Gil-galad.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Gil-galad" by [[:Category:Images by Kimberly|Kimberly]]
| pronun=[[Sindarin|S]], {{IPA|[eˈreɪnjon ˈɡilɡalad]}}
| othernames=''Artanáro''/''Rodnor'' ([[Quenya|Q]]/[[Sindarin|S]], [[Father-name|fn]]), ''Ereinion, Finellach'' ([[Sindarin|S]], [[Epessë|an]])
| titles=[[High King of the Noldor]]
| position=
| location=[[Havens of Sirion]] [[Lindon]]
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]
| language=[[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]
| birth=Between {{YT|1450}} and {{FA|455}}
| birthlocation=Unknown
| rule={{FA|510}} - {{SA|3441}}
| death={{SA|3441}}
| deathlocation=[[Siege of Barad-dûr]]
| age=c. 3576
| notablefor=Defeating Sauron at the [[Siege of Barad-dûr]] along with Elendil
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]
| parentage=sired by [[Fingon]] or [[Orodreth]] ''(See [[#Parentage]])''
| siblings=possibly [[Finduilas]] ''(See [[#Parentage]])''
| spouse=Never married
| children=None
| gender=Male
| height=Tall
| hair=Silver<ref>{{NM|P2iv}}, p. 186</ref>
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=[[Aeglos (spear)|Aeglos]]
| steed=
}}

<center>{{quote|Gil-galad was an Elven-king Of him the harpers sadly sing The last whose realm was fair and free Between the Mountains and the Sea.|From ''[[The Fall of Gil-galad]]'', as translated by [[Bilbo Baggins]]}}</center>
'''Ereinion Gil-galad''' was the fourth and last [[High King of the Noldor]] in [[Middle-earth]].

==History==
===First Age===
There are muptiple accounts about Gil-galad's parantage[[#Parentage|NB]] and the place and year of his birth remain murky (see [[#Other versions of the legendarium|below]]). In one version he is the son of [[Fingon]], in another the son of [[Orodreth]] and grandson of [[Angrod]] and [[Eldalótë]].<ref name=Parentage>{{PM|XI5}}, pp. 349-351</ref>

He was still an [[Elven life cycle|elven-child]] at the time of the [[Dagor Bragollach]] when [[Morgoth]] broke the [[Siege of Angband]]. As a result, shortly before the fall of [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] by the forces of [[Sauron]], his father sent his wife and son to [[Círdan]] at the [[Havens of the Falas]] for safekeeping.<ref name=Fingon>{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref> After the loss of Minas Tirith, the [[Pass of Sirion]] was open to Morgoth's hosts, although they were still kept at bay by the still mighty realm of [[Hithlum]] and also the power of [[Nargothrond]]. Hithlum was destroyed after the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]] and thus there was no power left that could withstand the enemies, and the ports at the Falas were besieged and captured by the [[Orcs]]. Yet Círdan, Gil-galad, and many other Elves could flee from death on ship and established a refuge upon the [[Isle of Balar]] and a small haven at the [[Mouths of Sirion]].<ref name=Fifth>{{S|Fifth}}</ref>

In the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]], [[Fingon]], High King of the Noldor, was slain, and the crown passed to his brother [[Turgon]] in [[Gondolin]]. When Gondolin [[Fall of Gondolin|was lost]], Gil-galad received the [[High King of the Noldor|Kingship of the Noldor]].<ref name=Gondolin>{{S|Gondolin}}</ref> He and Círdan maintained the refuge upon Balar and the small port at the [[Sirion]] estuary until the [[War of Wrath]] and the end of the [[First Age]].

===Second Age===
[[File:Jenny Dolfen - Gil-galad was an Elvenking.jpg|thumb|left|''Gil-galad was an Elvenking'' by [[Jenny Dolfen]]]]
After the destruction of [[Beleriand]] during the [[War of Wrath]], Gil-galad founded a kingdom in [[Lindon]] in the far north-west of Middle-earth, roughly between the [[Blue Mountains]] and the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]] around the [[Gulf of Lhûn]] and the havens of [[Forlond]], [[Harlond (Lindon)|Harlond]], and [[Mithlond]] were founded.<ref name="Rings">{{S|Rings}}</ref> Gil-galad was the last heir of the kings of the Noldor in exile, and acknowledged as High King of the Elves of the West.<ref name=sa>{{App|SA}}</ref> Many Elves, both the [[Sindar]] and the [[Noldor]], joined him. But soon, there was again unrest among the Noldor, and many of them left Lindon. Led by [[Celebrimbor]], grandson of [[Fëanor]], they founded the realm of [[Eregion]], probably also stirred up by the finding of ''[[mithril]]'' in [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]]. Also, some of the Sindar and many of the [[Nandor]] did not wish to live with the Noldor, who had done them a [[Second Kinslaying|great evil]], and migrated eastwards to [[Lothlórien]] or [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]].

When Prince [[Aldarion]] of [[Númenor]] came to [[Middle-earth]], they established friendship with the [[Elves]]. In {{SA|882}} Gil-galad gave him [[Gil-galad's letter|a letter for his father]], the [[King of Númenor]], [[Tar-Meneldur]]. He warned him that a new shadow had arisen in the [[East]] and besought him for aid.<ref>{{UT|Aldarion}}</ref>

[[File:Irsanna - Gil-galad.jpg|thumb|''Gil-galad'' by [[:Category:Images by Irsanna|Irsanna]]]]
Around the year 1000 of the [[Second Age]], [[Sauron]] tried to make contact with the Elves under the name of [[Annatar]], the "Lord of Gifts", but Gil-galad and Círdan did not trust him and rejected his proposals. However, Sauron was welcomed in Eregion and the [[Rings of Power]] were forged.<ref name="Rings"/> Around {{SA|1600}}, Sauron forged [[the One Ring]] in secret, and when the Elves of Eregion found out that they were betrayed, Sauron demanded the Rings, and when they refused, in {{SA|1693}} the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]] began.<ref name="PM">{{PM|Second}}</ref><ref name=sa/> Celebrimbor had rescued the [[Three Rings]] of the Elves in time, sending [[Vilya]] and [[Narya]] to Gil-galad and [[Círdan]] in Lindon, respectively, while the third ring [[Nenya]] was given to [[Galadriel]].<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>

As Sauron invaded [[Eriador]], Gil-galad sent [[Elrond]] to aid Eregion and also called on Númenor for aid.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref><ref name=sa/> Elrond was unable to avert Sauron, and with some survivors, they retreated to [[Imladris]].<ref name="Galadriel"/>

Eriador was being overrun until a great fleet of the [[Númenóreans]] sent by [[Tar-Minastir]] arrived at Lindon. With united forces, Sauron's army was driven back and defeated.<ref name=sa/><ref name="Galadriel"/> After this war, the Elves were not further troubled by Sauron for a long time, and Gil-galad appointed Elrond as his vice-regent, passing the ring Vilya to him.<ref name="Galadriel"/>.

[[File:Abe Papakhian - Last Alliance.jpg|thumb|left|''Last Alliance'' by [[:Category:Images by Abe Papakhian|Abe Papakhian]]]]
When [[Tar-Calion]] captured Sauron and took him to [[Númenor]], the Westlands found peace, and Gil-galad was free to extend his power to the north, south, and east beyond the [[Anduin]].<ref name="Rings"/>

After the [[Downfall of Númenor]], [[Elendil]] and his sons came to Middle-earth and founded the realms of [[Gondor]] in the south and [[Arnor]] in the north. To honour Elendil, Gil-galad built the [[White Towers]], which housed [[Elostirion-stone|one of]] the [[Palantiri]].<ref name="Rings"/>

[[File:Michael Kaluta - Elrond Recalls the Host of Gilgalad.jpg|thumb|''Elrond Recalls the Host of Gilgalad'' by Michael Kaluta]]
But Sauron also escaped, and Gondor was soon attacked; Elendil's son [[Isildur]] had to flee, and sailed north to his father. Elendil and Gil-galad then formed the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]] against Sauron in {{SA|3431}}.<ref name=sa/> It is said that the hosts of Gil-galad joined Elendil at [[Weathertop|Amon Sûl]]<Ref name=Knife>{{FR|Knife}}</ref>

In the following years, the Allies marched to [[Imladris]] where they camped for three years. Then they crossed the [[Misty Mountains]], and marched south, where they [[Battle of Dagorlad|defeated]] a great army outside [[Mordor]]. They broke through [[Cirith Gorgor]] and besieged [[Sauron]]'s [[Barad-dûr|Dark Tower]].<ref name=sa/> Gil-galad fought with his long sword and his spear [[Aeglos (spear)|Aeglos]] that was much feared by the enemy.<ref>{{FR|Council}}</ref><ref name=Knife>{{FR|Knife}}</ref>

When the siege had lasted for seven years, it became so pressing that Sauron himself sallied forth. By his power, the siege was broken, and his army advanced to the slopes of [[Orodruin]]. There he was engaged by Elendil and Gil-galad in a single combat. In the end of the [[Siege of Barad-dûr]], Sauron was defeated but both Gil-galad and Elendil were killed in the act.<ref name=sa/> In the [[Scroll of Isildur|Scroll]] he wrote in [[Minas Tirith]] before riding north, Isildur wrote that Gil-galad was killed by the heat of Sauron's hand.<ref>{{FR|Council}}</ref>

Thus died the last High King of Noldor, and this title was never claimed by any other Noldo of Middle-earth.

== Etymology ==
{{Pronounce|Ereinion Gil-galad.mp3|Ardamir}}
''Gil-galad'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, meaning "Star of bright light",<ref name=RGEO>{{RGEO|Notes}}, p. 73</ref> "Starlight"<ref name=Knife/> or "Star of Radiance".<ref name=Finwe>{{PM|XI4}}, pp. 347-348</ref> The name consists of the elements ''[[gil]]'' ("star") + ''[[galad]]'' ("radiance").<ref name=RGEO></ref>

According to one version, this name was an [[epessë]] given to him because his armour and shield were overlaid with silver and included a device of white stars, so they shone in the distance like a star.<ref name=Finwe></ref> A later version explains it was his [[mother-name]].<ref name=Parentage/>

''Gil-galad'' already appears in ''[[The Etymologies]]'' as [[Noldorin]] for "Starlight".<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, entry "GIL"</ref>

==Other names==
As a descendant of kings, the [[Sindarin]] birth name of Gil-galad was '''''Ereinion''''' ("Scion of Kings"), from plural ''[[aran]]'' ("king") + ''[[-ion]]'' (patronymic suffix).<ref name=Finwe>{{PM|XI4}}, pp. 347-348</ref><ref>{{S|Appendix}}, entry ''ar(a)''</ref>

Gil-galad's [[Quenya]] name was '''''Artanáro''''', or in Sindarin '''''Rodnor'''''.<ref name=Parentage/> Paul Strack explains it can be translated as "Noble Fire".<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=http://eldamo.org/content/words/word-1045550461.html|articlename=Q. ''Artanáro'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=5 November 2020}}</ref>

An unclear name is '''''Finellach''''', included in [[Gil-galad's letter]] to [[Tar-Meneldur]] (but omitted by [[Christopher Tolkien]]).<ref name=Parentage/> [[David Salo]] explains it can mean "Flame of Hair and Eye".<ref>{{HM|GS}}, p. 349</ref>

Another isolated name was '''''Finwain''''',<ref>{{NM|P2iv}}, p. 186</ref> clearly [[Sindarin]], a combination of ''fin'' (Sindarin for ''[[Finwë]]'') + ''[[gwain]]'' ("young").

== Revised genealogy ==
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Gil-galad Heraldic Device.jpg|100px|thumb|right|Gil-galad's heraldic device, by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]]]
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| | | | | FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]]''d. {{YT|1170}}''|FIN=[[Finwë]]''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]]''b. {{YT}}''|OLW=[[Olwë]]''b. {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree| |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FDS=[[Findis]]''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRM=[[Írimë]]''b. {{YT}}''|FRF=[[Finarfin]]''b. {{YT|1230}}''|EAW=[[Eärwen]]''b. {{YT}}''|SON=''unknown sons''}}
{{familytree| |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL | |FRD=[[Finrod]]''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''|ANG=[[Angrod]]''d. {{FA|455}}''|AEG=[[Aegnor]]''d. {{FA|455}}''|GAL=[[Galadriel]]''b. {{YT|1362}}''|ELD=[[Eldalótë]]''b. {{YT}}''|CEL=[[Celeborn]]''b. {{FA}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |~| CLB | | | |ORO=[[Orodreth]][[#Parentage|NB]]''d. {{FA|495}}''|CLB=[[Celebrían]]''b. {{SA|300}}''|ELR=[[Elrond]]''b. {{FA|532}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | GIL | | FIL | | | | | | |GIL='''GIL-GALAD'''''d. {{SA|3441}}''|FIL=[[Finduilas]]''d. {{FA|495}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

== Other versions of the legendarium ==
===Earlier versions===
Gil-galad appears for the first time in the second version of ''[[The Fall of Númenor (chapter)]]'' (written c. [[1937]]), along with [[Elendil]] (in the previous conception, Elrond is the leader of the Elves who remained behind). Both create a great league of Elves and Men and fight [[Thû]] in [[Mordor]], but both are slain by him. In that text he is mentioned as a descendant of [[Fëanor]] and an Elven king of Beleriand.<ref>{{LR|P1II3}}, p. 29. Cf. Commentary on §14</ref>

In a marginal note of §28 of the conclusion of ''[[Quenta Silmarillion (Lost Road)|Quenta Silmarillion]]'', Tolkien pencilled the names ''Gilgalad'' and ''Lindon''.<ref>{{LR|P2VI}}, ''Commentary on the conclusion of the Quenta Silmarillion'', p. 337</ref> This note was probably used by Christopher Tolkien to introduce Gil-Galad at the end of [[Of the Voyage of Eärendil and the War of Wrath|chapter 24]] of the published version of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', beside Círdan, Celeborn, and Galadriel.<ref>See [[Douglas C. Kane]], ''[[Arda Reconstructed: The Creation of the Published Silmarillion]]'', p. 235.</ref>

===Parentage===
[[File:Karolina Węgrzyn - Scion of Kings son of Orodreth (colored).jpg|thumb|left|''Scion of Kings son of Orodreth'' by [[Karolina Węgrzyn]]]]
Later, and through the writing of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', Tolkien considered Gil-galad to be a son of [[Finrod Felagund]]. In the late 1950s, he decided that Felagund was unmarried and childless, and suggested in a marginal note that Gil-galad might be the son of [[Fingon]].<ref name="Ruin">{{WJ|Ruin}}, pp. 242-243</ref>

However, Gil-galad being the son of Fingon created a difficulty with Turgon's reign as High King of the Noldor. The Kingship was expected to pass to the eldest son of the previous King, as shown when Maedhros [[High King of the Noldor#Earlier Kings|surrendered]] it to Fingolfin.<ref>{{S|Return}}</ref> As such, Fingon's son Gil-galad would be expected to inherit it in favor of Fingon's brother Turgon.

Tolkien's final decision for Gil-galad's parentage appears to have been that he was a son of [[Orodreth]], who was at the same time changed from being a son of [[Finarfin]] to a son of [[Angrod]].<ref name=Parentage></ref> By moving Gil-galad to the House of Finarfin, Tolkien made Fingon childless and Turgon his heir, resolving the difficulty with Turgon's Kingship.

Tolkien's son and literary executor [[Christopher Tolkien]] made the editorial decision not to incorporate this revision into ''The Silmarillion'' and chose to present Gil-galad as a son of Fingon. He did this because at the time he believed that aspects of the move — notably the downgrading of Orodreth into a son of Angrod — would have required considerable reworking of the existing text. For consistency with the published version of ''The Silmarillion'', he also edited a line in ''[[Aldarion and Erendis: The Mariner's Wife]]'' that referred to Gil-galad as a member of the House of Finarfin. Many years later in ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]'', he stated that this decision was a mistake on his part and did not represent his father's conception of the character. He suggested that it would have been better to have left Gil-galad's parentage obscure.<ref name=Parentage/>

===Later versions===
In a 1959 manuscript on chronology published in ''[[The Nature of Middle-earth]]'', Tolkien contemplated various revisions to the years of birth of various characters in the legendarium in accord with a new conception of how Elves aged over time. In a rough note appended to this manuscript, he suggested that "Gilgalad" became King in Lindon "under" Galadriel c. SA 10-20, and that in order to be of suitable age to rule he must have been born in {{YT|1481}}/{{VY|4981}} in [[Aman]].<ref name=Birth>{{NM|P1xi}}, p. 82</ref>

==Portrayals in adaptations==
{{Gallery
|title=Gil-galad in adaptations
|height=150
|width=250
|lines=2
|File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Gil-galad.jpg|Gil-galad in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]''
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Gil-galad.jpg|Gil-galad in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''
|File:The Rings of Power (TV series) - High King Gil-galad.jpg|High King Gil-galad in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power]]''
}}

===Films===
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''
:In the prologue, Gil-galad is shown as one of the bearers of the [[Three Rings|three Elven rings]]. Later, he is present at the [[Siege of Barad-dûr|Battle]] of the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]] wielding his spear [[Aeglos (spear)|Aeglos]]. His death is not shown, and he does not take down [[Sauron]]. He is played by [[Mark Ferguson]].
:The bodies of Gil-galad and Elendil can be seen on [[:File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Isildur mural.jpg|the mural depicting the Siege]] in the [[House of Elrond]].

===Television===
'''2022: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power]]'':'''
:'''September 1: ''[[A Shadow of the Past]]'':'''
::High King Gil-galad (Portrayed by [[Benjamin Walker]])<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Amy Ratcliffe]]|articleurl=https://nerdist.com/article/lord-of-the-rings-the-rings-of-power-who-is-gil-galad-benjamin-walker-interview-exclusive-images/|articlename=Meet High King Gil-galad From THE LORD OF THE RINGS: THE RINGS OF POWER|dated=30-June-2022|website=[https://www.nerdist.com Nerdist]|accessed=09-July-2022}}</ref> first appears during a ceremony in [[Lindon]], giving a speech to honor the survivors of [[Galadriel|Galadriel's]] company of [[Elves]] who were attacked by a [[Snow-trolls|Snow-troll]] in [[Dúrnost]]. He announces that they are going to go home to the [[Aman|Undying Lands]] for them to dwell for all eternity. However, later on, he revealed to [[Elrond]] that his true purpose in doing this was so that Galadriel did not become the very evil that she sought to destroy.

===Games===
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (video game)]]'':'''
:Gil-galad appears briefly in the game's first level as a non-playable character, where he has the likeness of [[Peter Jackson]]'s [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|movie counterpart]].

'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Gil-galad appears in several flashbacks depicting the the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. His ultimate fate is more accurate to the books than the film version, showing [[Elendil]] and Gil-galad both battling and defeating [[Sauron]] at the cost of their lives.

'''2010: ''[[Lego The Lord of the Rings]]'':'''
:Gil-galad appears in the prologue holding one of the Elf-rings. He is also an unlockable character, despite never playing into the storyline. He can be found in a cave in south-west [[Gorgoroth]]. His gear is not accurate, however; he wields an Elven sword (instead of Aeglos) and golden shield in the game, though ''The Fall of Gil-Galad'' describes a silver shield.

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=noldor
| house=[[House of Finarfin]] Cadet branch of [[House of Finwë]]
| born=Before {{FA|455}}
| died={{SA|3441}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=[[Turgon]]
| list=4th [[High King of the Noldor]]
| nvac=None
| next=Title abandoned
| dates={{FA|510}} - {{SA|3441}}
}}
{{seq-end}}
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]
[[Category:House of Fingolfin]]
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[Category:Noldorin names]]
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Gil-galad]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:noldor:gil-galad]]
[[fi:Gil-galad]]

The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring

2023-04-11T14:33:18Z

Tuorist: trailer link corrected

{{disambig-more|The Lord of the Rings|[[The Lord of the Rings (disambiguation)]]}}{{disambig-more|War of the Ring|[[War of the Ring (disambiguation)]]}}
{{video game infobox
| image=[[Image:War of the Ring.PNG|250px]]
| name=The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring
| developer=Liquid Entertainment
| publisher=[[Sierra Entertainment]]
| platform=[[wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Microsoft Windows]]
| releasedate=[[8 November|November 8]], [[2003]]
| genre=Real-time strategy
|}}'''The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring''' is a 2003 real-time strategy game developed by Liquid Entertainment and published by [[Sierra Entertainment]]. It expands upon the events of the [[War of the Ring]].

==Synopsis==
''War of the Ring'' is based solely on the books, not the [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|films]] by [[Peter Jackson]]. Thus, characters like [[Legolas]] and [[Aragorn]] look and sound different from their counterparts as depicted in the films and the game. The game is officially licensed by [[Middle-earth Enterprises|Tolkien Enterprises]].

==Cast==
Actors are not credited by role.
{| class="wikitable"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Actor !! Role
|-
|[[Dominic Armato]] ||
|-
| [[Steven Jay Blum]] || [[Varin]], Dwarf Shieldbreaker
|-
|[[Crispin Freeman]] || [[Faramir]],<ref>http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interview/2005-11-06/interview-crispin-freeman</ref> Orc Slasher
|-
|[[Grant George]] || [[Legolas|Legolas Greenleaf]], Troll Stonehurler<ref>http://www.dynamicduovo.com/aboutgrant.html</ref>
|-
| Jefferson Hobbs ||
|-
|[[Steven M. Kramer]] || [[Gandalf]]
|-
| Lex Lang ||
|-
|[[Dave Lodge]] || Lead Goblin, Rohan Captain, Monster Warrior<ref>http://www.davidlodge.com/pastcredits.htm</ref>
|-
|[[Mary Elizabeth McGlynn]] || Saleme, Good Narrator
|-
|[[Paul Mercier]] ||
|-
|[[Tony Oliver]] || [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]]
|-
|[[Bob Papenbrook]] || [[Gimli]]
|-
|[[Jamieson Price]] || [[Aragorn]], Goblin Slavemaster<ref>http://jamiesonkprice.com</ref>
|-
| Robbie Rist ||
|-
| Douglas Rye ||
|-
|[[Alan Shearman]] ||
|-
|[[Kai Vilhelmsen]] ||
|-
|[[Victor Raider-Wexler]] ||
|-
|[[Dave Wittenberg]] || [[Gollum]]<ref>http://www.davewittenberg.com/resume.html</ref>
|-
|[[Perry Zombolas]] ||
|-
|[[Robin Atkin Downes]] ||
|-
|Michael Sorich ||
|-
|}

==Trailer==
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrW0CqFQ1JQ LOTR - War Of The Ring - Trailer]

{{references}}
{{Videogames}}
{{title|italics}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lord of the Rings War of the Ring}}
[[Category:Microsoft Windows games]]
[[Category:Vivendi games]]
[[Category:Real-time strategy games]]
[[Category:The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]

Mathoms

2023-04-08T21:35:43Z

Tuorist: gr.

[[File:Robin Wood - Mathom lore.jpg|thumb|''Mathom Lore'' by Robin Wood]]
'''Mathoms''' was an old word of the [[Hobbitish|hobbit-dialect]], not recorded as being in use outside [[the Shire]]. It was used to refer to "trinkets" or any item that Hobbits had no particular immediate use for, but were unwilling to throw away.

Mathoms were many of the presents that passed from hand to hand by the [[Shire-hobbits]] - an important part of their culture - and whose owners did not wish to throw them away. Hobbit houses tended to be crowded with mathoms.

Many mathoms were weapons, useless as there hadn't been any conflict since the [[Battle of Greenfields]] ({{SR|1147}}); weapons were seen mostly as trophies, ornamenting walls or hearths, or stored in the [[Mathom-house]], a "museum" in [[Michel Delving]].<ref>{{FR|Hobbits}}</ref>
==Etymology==
''Mathom'' is a word invented by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]], constructed from an obsolete [[Old English]] word ''máðm'' "treasure, precious thing".<ref>{{HM|N}}, p. 782</ref>

It is used as a rendering of the original [[Hobbitish]] word ''[[kast]]''.<ref name="AppF">{{App|F2}}</ref>
{{references}}
[[Category:Objects]]

Mathoms

2023-04-08T21:30:39Z

Tuorist: more accurate description

[[File:Robin Wood - Mathom lore.jpg|thumb|''Mathom Lore'' by Robin Wood]]
'''Mathoms''' was an old word of the [[Hobbitish|hobbit-dialect]], not recorded as being in use outside [[the Shire]]. It was used to refer to "trinkets" or any item that hobbits had no particular immediate use for, but were unwilling to throw away.

Mathoms were many of the presents that passed from hand to hand by the [[Shire-hobbits]] - an important part of their culture - and whose owners did not wish to throw them away. Hobbit houses tended to be crowded with mathoms.

Many mathoms were weapons, useless as there hadn't been any conflict since the [[Battle of Greenfields]] ({{SR|1147}}); weapons were seen mostly as trophies, ornamenting walls or hearths, or stored in the [[Mathom-house]], a "museum" in [[Michel Delving]].<ref>{{FR|Hobbits}}</ref>
==Etymology==
''Mathom'' is a word invented by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]], constructed from an obsolete [[Old English]] word ''máðm'' "treasure, precious thing".<ref>{{HM|N}}, p. 782</ref>

It is used as a rendering of the original [[Hobbitish]] word ''[[kast]]''.<ref name="AppF">{{App|F2}}</ref>
{{references}}
[[Category:Objects]]

Charles Dixon

2022-09-22T19:19:03Z

Tuorist:

'''Charles "Chuck" Dixon''' ([[14 April|April 14]], [[1954]]) is an American comics writer. Though he worked for both [[wikipedia:Marvel Comics|Marvel]] and [[wikipedia:DC Comics|DC]], he is best known for his work on the latter, especially on several ''Batman''-related titles, as well as on Conan stories.

==Selected Bibliography==
* [[1989]]-[[1990|90]]: ''[[The Hobbit (comic book)]]'' (adaptation of [[The Hobbit|the original]])

==External links==
* {{WP|Chuck Dixon}}
* [http://dc.wikia.com/wiki/Chuck_Dixon Chuck Dixon] at the DC Database Project
* [http://marvel.wikia.com/Chuck_Dixon Chuck Dixon] at the Marvel Database Project

[[Category:Authors|Dixon, Charles]]
[[Category:American people|Dixon, Charles]]
[[Category:People by name|Dixon, Charles]]

The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power

2022-09-18T16:34:07Z

Tuorist: gr.

{{currentevent}}
{{disambig-more|Rings of Power|[[Rings of Power (disambiguation)]]}}
{{film infobox
| image=[[File:Amazon - The Lord of the Rings - The Rings of Power.png|250px]]
| name=The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power
| director=
| producer=[[J.D. Payne]] and [[Patrick McKay]] (showrunners)
| writer='''Novel:''' [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] '''Screenplay:''' John D. Payne and Patrick McKay
| narrator=
| starring=''[[#Cast and characters|see below]]''
| music=
| cinematography=
| editing=
| distributor=Amazon Prime Video
| released=[[2 September]] [[2022]] (first episode's schedule)
| runtime=
| country=United States, United Kingdom, New Zealand
| language=English
| budget=
| website=[http://www.amazon.com/adlp/lotronprime Official website]
| imdb_id=7631058
}}

'''''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power''''', otherwise known as '''The Lord of the Rings on Prime''', is a television series and an adaptation of the writings of [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]. It is created and produced by [[Amazon Studios]] working alongside the [[Tolkien Estate]], [[The Tolkien Trust]], [[HarperCollins]] and [[New Line Cinema]]. Set in the [[Second Age]] of [[Middle-earth]],<ref name="AMSA">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1103656946509344768|articlename=Welcome to the Second Age:|dated=7 March 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> it explores new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien's ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]].''<ref name="AMNZ">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://press.aboutamazon.com/news-releases/news-release-details/amazon-studios-announces-new-zealand-location-its-upcoming|articlename=Amazon Studios Announces New Zealand as Location for Its Upcoming Series Based on The Lord of the Rings|dated=17 September 2019|website=Amazon|accessed=18 September 2019}}</ref> The story spaning across thousands of years is condensed into a single point in time to avoid time jumps.<ref name="VanityFair"></ref> The first two episodes were released on [[2 September]] [[2022]].<ref> This also is the day of death of Professor J.R.R. Tolkien.{{webcite|author=@LOTRonPrime|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1422255647106617359|articlename=A new journey beings|dated=2 August 2021|website=Twitter|accessed=2 August 2021}}</ref>

== Premise ==
{{blockquote|Amazon Studios' forthcoming series brings to screens for the very first time the heroic legends of the fabled Second Age of Middle-earth's history. This epic drama is set thousands of years before the events of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, and will take viewers back to an era in which great powers were forged, kingdoms rose to glory and fell to ruin, unlikely heroes were tested, hope hung by the finest of threads, and the greatest villain that ever flowed from Tolkien's pen threatened to cover all the world in darkness. Beginning in a time of relative peace, the series follows an ensemble cast of characters, both familiar and new, as they confront the long-feared re-emergence of evil to Middle-earth. From the darkest depths of the Misty Mountains, to the majestic forests of the elf-capital of Lindon, to the breathtaking island kingdom of Númenor, to the furthest reaches of the map, these kingdoms and characters will carve out legacies that live on long after they are gone.|Official synopsis<ref>{{webcite|author=Justin Sewell|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2021/01/12/110065-exclusive-official-show-synopsis-for-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-series/|articlename=EXCLUSIVE: Official Show Synopsis for Amazon’s LORD OF THE RINGS Series|dated=12 January 2021|website=[http://www.theonering.net TheOneRing]|accessed=13 January 2021}}</ref>}}

== Source material and copyrights ==
The showrunners said that they wish to "come up with the novel Tolkien never wrote and do it as the mega-event series".<ref name="VanityFair"></ref> They explained that they only have the copyrights to adapt ''[[The Hobbit]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' along with it's [[Appendices]], without the rights to ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'' or other books that contain vast majority of Tolkien's writings on the [[Second Age]].<ref name="VFQuestions"/>

== Episodes ==
=== Season one ===
# [[A Shadow of the Past]]
# [[Adrift]]
# [[Adar (episode)|Adar]]
# [[The Great Wave]]

== Cast and characters ==
''In alphabetical order''
=== Season one ===
{| class="wikitable"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Actor !! Role
|-
| [[Cynthia Addai-Robinson]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Tar-Míriel|Queen Regent Míriel]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418520400658432|articlename=Cynthia Addai-Robinson is Queen Regent Míriel|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Robert Aramayo]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Elrond]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492167519439925260|articlename=Robert Aramayo is Elrond. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Owain Arthur]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Durin IV|Prince Durin IV]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168323051802626|articlename=Owain Arthur is Prince Durin IV. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Maxim Baldry]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Isildur]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417633603059712|articlename=Maxim Baldry is Isildur|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Ian Blackburn]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Rowan (The Rings of Power)|Rowan]]
|-
| [[Nazanin Boniadi]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Bronwyn]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168861403299841|articlename=Nazanin Boniadi is Bronwyn. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Kip Chapman]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Rían (The Rings of Power)|Rían]]
|-
| [[Morfydd Clark]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Galadriel]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492167351902609413|articlename=Morfydd Clark is Galadriel. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Ismael Cruz Córdova]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Arondir]] <ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168672051445771|articlename=Ismael Cruz Cordova is Arondir. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Anthony Crum]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Ontamo]]
|-
| [[Maxine Cunliffe]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Vilma]]
|-
| [[Charles Edwards]]<ref name="VFInside">{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/amazon-the-rings-of-power-series-first-look|articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series Rises: Inside The Rings of Power|dated=10 February 2022|website=[https://www.vanityfair.com/ Vanity Fair]|accessed=11 February 2022}}</ref> || [[Celebrimbor]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534220750311174144|articlename=Charles Edwards is Celebrimbor|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Trystan Gravelle]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Pharazôn]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418058515521537|articlename=Trystan Gravelle is Pharazôn|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Lenny Henry|Sir Lenny Henry]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Sadoc Burrows]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1533945721929420800#m|articlename=Sir Lenny Henry is Sadoc Burrows. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Ema Horvath]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Eärien]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417835961552896|articlename=Ema Horvath is Eärien|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Thusitha Jayasundera]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Malva]]
|-
| [[Markella Kavenagh]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Elanor Brandyfoot|Elanor "Nori" Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253881651937283|articlename=Markella Kavenagh is Elanor ‘Nori’ Brandyfoot|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Joseph Mawle]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Adar (The Rings of Power)|Adar]]
|-
| [[Fabian McCallum]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Thondir]]
|-
| [[Simon Merrells]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Revion]]
|-
| [[Geoff Morrell]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Waldreg]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/PrimeVideo/status/1559940412114083841|articlename=Get to know the Southlanders in #TheRingsOfPower
|dated=17 August 2022|website=[https://twitter.com/ Twitter]|accessed=17 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Tyroe Muhafidin]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Theo]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://mobile.twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1516457306497581056|articlename=Tyroe Muhafidin is Theo. #LOTRROP #RingsofPower|dated=19 April 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=19 April 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Peter Mullan]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Durin III|King Durin III]]<ref name="VFQuestions">{{webcite|author=burning questions about amazons the rings of power|articleurl= https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/10-burning-questions-about-amazons-the-rings-of-power |articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series: FAQ|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://www.vanityfair.com/ Vanity Fair]|accessed=16 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Sophia Nomvete]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Disa|Princess Disa]] <ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168418358874123|articlename=Sophia Nomvete is Princess Disa. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Lloyd Owen]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Elendil]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417424361885696|articlename=Lloyd Owen is Elendil|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Augustus Prew]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Médhor]]
|-
| [[Megan Richards]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Poppy Proudfellow]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982703908433920#m|articlename=Megan Richards is Poppy Proudfellow. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Dylan Smith]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Largo Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982400869945344#m|articlename=Dylan Smith is Largo Brandyfoot. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Peter Tait]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Tredwill]]
|-
| [[Alex Tarrant]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Valandil (The Rings of Power)|Valandil]]
|-
| [[Charlie Vickers]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Halbrand]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492169017741778944|articlename=Charlie Vickers is Halbrand. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Leon Wadham]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Kemen (The Rings of Power)|Kemen]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418271141560321|articlename=Leon Wadham is Kemen|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Benjamin Walker]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Gil-galad|High-King Gil-galad]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253777415098372|articlename=Benjamin Walker is High King Gil-galad|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Daniel Weyman]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[The Stranger]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253972639076352|articlename=Daniel Weyman is The Stranger|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Sara Zwangobani]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Marigold Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982566448533504#m|articlename=Sara Zwangobani is Marigold Brandyfoot. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|}

== Production ==
[[File:Amazon - Middle-earth map.jpg|thumb|250px|Fourth map of Middle-earth, released by Amazon on 6 March 2019]]
In November [[2017]], it was reported that Amazon Studios were in discussion with Warner Bros. Television and the [[Tolkien Estate]] about developing a series based on ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<ref>{{webcite|author=Daniel Holloway|articleurl=http://variety.com/2017/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-1202606519/|articlename='Lord of the Rings': Amazon, Warner Bros. in Talks for Series Adaptation (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=3 November 2017|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> Later, in November, Amazon Studios announced they have secured the rights to develop a multi-season television series set in Middle-earth with the potential for spin-offs.<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2017/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-amazon-1202613609/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series Moving Forward at Amazon With Multi-Season Production Commitment|dated=13 November 2017|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=31 July 2019}}</ref> The rights have been said to have cost close to $250 million.<ref name="DLAZ">{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2017/11/amazon-the-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-multi-season-commitment-1202207065/|articlename=Amazon Sets ‘The Lord of the Rings’ TV Series In Mega Deal With Multi-Season Commitment|dated=13 November 2017|website=Deadline|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> Amazon Studios will cooperate with the Tolkien Estate, [[The Tolkien Trust]], [[HarperCollins]] and [[New Line Cinema]].<ref name="DLAZ"/>

On [[13 February]] [[2019]], Amazon's newly created [http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime Twitter account] associated with the show posted the quote "I wisely started with a map.", taken from Tolkien's [[Letter 144]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1095797330127646721|articlename=“I wisely started with a map” — J.R.R. Tolkien|dated=13 February 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> On [[15 February]] the Twitter account released a map of Middle-earth along with a line of the [[Ring Verse]], over the next few weeks different versions of the map were released with each successive one including more labels than the previous as well as more lines from the verse. On [[7 March]] the final map was released which showed a wider view of Middle-earth, including the island of [[Númenor]] and the final post "Welcome to the Second Age".<ref name="AMSA"/> [[Tom Shippey]] and artist [[John Howe]] had worked on the accuracy of the maps, however dedicated [[Tolkien fandom|fans]] had detected several mistakes and anachronisms.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://narniafans.com/2019/08/interview-with-narnia-conceptual-designer-john-howe/|articlename=Interview with John Howe|website=Narnia Fans|accessed=25 June 2020}}</ref>

The series being set in the [[Second Age]] was predicted by [[Tolkien Society]] Chair [[Shaun Gunner]] in February.<ref>{{webcite|website=Twitter|accessed=15 February 2020|dated=18 February 2019|articleurl=http://twitter.com/ShaunGunner/status/1097505289618841601|articlename=Shaun Gunner on Twitter}}</ref>

On [[27 July]] 2019 a video was published that introduced the creative team; [[J.D. Payne]] and [[Patrick McKay]] were announced as the showrunners, the writing team consisting of Gennifer Hutchison, Helen Shang, Jason Cahill, Glenise Mullins, Justin Dohle, Stephany Folsom and Bryan Cogman, Belén Atienza, Bruce Richmond, Gene Kelly and Lindsey Weber as executive producers, Ron Ames as co-producer, Kate Hawley as costume designer, Rick Heinrichs as production designer and Jason Smith as visual effects supervisor. The team will also include Tolkien scholar [[Tom Shippey]] and artist [[John Howe]]. [[J. A. Bayona|Bayona]] will direct the first two episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1155142047420080129|articlename=''Meet our Fellowship''|dated=27 July 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> In an interview with the German Tolkien Society, scholar [[Tom Shippey]] stated that events from the First and Third Ages are "off-limits".<ref>{{webcite|author=Tobias M. Eckrich |articleurl=http://www.tolkiengesellschaft.de/30918/exklusive-interview-with-tom-shippey-concerning-lotronprime/|articlename=Exclusive interview with Tom Shippey concerning LOTRonPrime|dated=29 July 2019|website=[http://www.tolkiengesellschaft.de Deutche Tolkien Gesellschaft]|accessed=6 August 2019}}</ref>

On [[17 September]] 2019, Amazon Studios announced that the series will be filmed in New Zealand.<ref name="AMNZ"/>

On [[18 November]] 2019, Amazon Studios Head Jennifer Salke announced a second season renewal for the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/11/the-lord-of-the-rings-series-renewed-season-2-amazon-early-renewal-season-1-hiatus-writers-room-reassembled-1202788730/|articlename=‘The Lord Of the Rings’ Series Gets Early Season 2 Renewal By Amazon, Sets Season 1 Hiatus|dated=18 November 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=17 March 2020}}</ref>

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic production of the series was suspended.<ref>{{webcite|author=Chris Keall|articleurl=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=12316871|articlename=Coronavirus: Amazon's Lord of the Rings production in West Auckland shut down|dated=15 March 2020|website=[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/ The New Zealand Herald]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref> On 9 May 2020 the New Zealand Film Commission has allowed the production of film and TV to continue in the country.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/news/article.cfm?c_id=1501119&objectid=12330716|articlename=Covid 19 coronavirus: Avatar, Lord Of The Rings filming resumes in NZ|dated=9 May 2020|website=[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/ The New Zealand Herald]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref>

In December 2020, [[Bryan Cogman]] left the series for Entertainment One, after completing work on the scripts for season one.<ref>{{webcite|author=Lesley Goldberg |articleurl=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/bryan-cogman-moves-overall-deal-to-eone-exclusive|articlename=Bryan Cogman Moves Overall Deal to eOne (Exclusive)|dated=7 December 2020|website=The Hollywood Reporter|accessed=15 December 2020}}</ref>

On [[24 March]] [[2021]], Amazon Studios announced that [[Wayne Yip|Wayne Che Yip]] has joined the creative team, as both a co-executive producer and director.<ref>{{webcite|author=Matt Grobar|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2021/03/wayne-che-yip-boards-lord-of-the-rings-series-director-co-ep-amazon-studios-1234720477/|articlename=Wayne Che Yip Boards ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series As Director & Co-EP, Will Helm Four Episodes Of Amazon Original|dated=24 March 2021|website=[http://deadline.com/ Deadline]|accessed=5 April 2021}}</ref>

On May 2021, it was announced that [[Charlotte Brändström]] will direct another two episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=Matt Grobar|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2021/05/the-witcher-charlotte-brandstrom-amazons-the-lord-of-the-rings-series-1234755360/|articlename=‘The Witcher’ Director Charlotte Brändström Joins Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series
|dated=13 May 2021|website=[http://deadline.com/ Deadline]|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref>

On September 2021, it was reported that [[Howard Shore]] and [[Bear McCreary]] are in talks to compose the soundtrack for the series.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=https://www.theonering.net/torwp/2021/09/19/111495-howard-shore-and-bear-mccreary-to-soundtrack-lotr-on-prime-series/|articlename=Howard Shore and Bear McCreary to soundtrack LOTR on Prime series|dated=September 19, 2021|website=TheOneRing.net|accessed=September 20, 2021}}</ref>

On 19 January [[2022]], a first teaser was released announcing the official title for the series: ''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power''.<ref>{{webcite|author=@LOTRonPrime|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1483816516327915522?cxt=HHwWhICq-dHQyZcpAAAA|articlename=Title Announcement|dated=19 January 2022|website=Twitter|accessed=19 January 2022}}</ref>

=== Casting ===
On 22 July 2019, it was reported that Amazon has made its first cast for the new series that Markella Kavenagh was in talks to play a character named "Tyra".<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-cast-markella-kavenagh-1203268175|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Taps First Cast Member (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=22 July 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref>

Will Poulter was cast for an unknown role in September 2019<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-will-poulter-cast-1203321951/|articlename=‘Lord of The Rings’ Series at Amazon Casts Will Poulter (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=4 September 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref> however in December it was reported that he left the series due to scheduling conflicts.<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-will-poulter-1203433273/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’: Will Poulter No Longer Attached to Amazon Series (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=12 December 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> This was later confirmed by Poulter in an interview.<ref>{{webcite|author=Will Richards|articleurl=http://www.nme.com/news/tv/will-poulter-explains-why-he-left-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-2706105|articlename=Will Poulter explains why he left Amazon's 'Lord Of The Rings' TV series|dated=12 July 2020|website=[http://www.nme.com/ NME]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref> He was replaced by Robert Aramayo who was reported to be playing a character named "Beldor".<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2020/01/robert-aramayo-cast-the-lord-of-the-rings-amazon-tv-series-game-of-thrones-alum-cast-1202823073/|articlename='The Lord Of the Rings': Robert Aramayo To Star In Amazon TV Series|dated=7 January 2020|website=Deadline|accessed=15 January 2020}}</ref>

In October 2019 it was reported that Maxim Baldry<ref>{{webcite|author=Jeff Sneider|articleurl=http://collider.com/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-cast-maxim-baldry/|articlename=Exclusive: ‘Lord of the Rings’ TV Series Adds ‘Years and Years’ Star Maxim Baldry|dated=15 October 2019|website=Collider|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> and Joseph Mawle has joined the cast, the latter playing "Oren", the lead villain of the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/10/the-lord-of-the-rings-joseph-mawle-cast-star-amazon-series-oren-game-of-thrones-alum-1202765493/|articlename='The Lord Of The Rings': Joseph Mawle To Star In Amazon Series|dated=21 October 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref>

In December 2019 there were reports of Ema Horvath<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/12/ema-horvath-cast-the-lord-of-the-rings-amazon-series-1202806025/|articlename=‘The Lord Of The Rings’: Ema Horvath Joins Cast Of Amazon Series|dated=10 December 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> and Morfydd Clark joinining the cast, it was said that Clark is to play a "young [[Galadriel]]".<ref>{{webcite|author=Justin Kroll|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-galadriel-morfydd-clark-1203446284/amp/|articlename='Lord of the Rings' Series Taps Morfydd Clark as Young Galadriel (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=17 December 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=4 January 2020}}</ref>

On 15 January 2020, the series' official social media confirmed the castings of Kavenagh, Aramayo, Mawle, Horvath and Clark as well as revealing new members of the cast; Owain Arthur, Nazanin Boniadi, Tom Budge, Ismael Cruz Cordova, Tyroe Muhafidin, Sophia Nomvete, Megan Richards, Dylan Smith, Charlie Vickers and Daniel Weyman.<ref name="Meet">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/LOTRonPrime/photos/?tab=album&album_id=2410457885934047|articlename=Meet the first members of our fellowship. #LOTRonPrime|dated=15 January 2020|website=Facebook|accessed=15 January 2020}}</ref>

In December 2020, it was announced that 20 actors have been added to the cast; Cynthia Addai-Robinson, Maxim Baldry (reported to have joined back in October 2019), Ian Blackburn, Kip Chapman, Anthony Crum, Maxine Cunliffe, Trystan Gravelle, Sir Lenny Henry, Thusitha Jayasundera, Fabian McCallum, Simon Merrells, Geoff Morrell, Peter Mullan, Lloyd Owen, Augustus Prew, Peter Tait, Alex Tarrant, Leon Wadham, Benjamin Walker and Sara Zwangobani.<ref name="VA20">{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2020/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-cast-1234845274/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Adds 20 Actors to Cast|dated=3 December 2020|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=3 December 2020}}</ref>

In March 2021, Tom Budge announced that he had departed the series after filming several episodes. He explained that Amazon had decided to go in a different direction with his character after reviewing the first episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.instagram.com/p/CMZnFx-HkAp/|articlename=Tom Budge on Instagram|dated=14 March 2021|website=[http://instagram.com/ Instagram]|accessed=5 April 2021}}</ref>

In July 2021 Charles Edwards, Will Fletcher, Amelie Child-Villiers, and Beau Cassidy were added to the first season's cast that July.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/amazon-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-cast-1234976309/|articlename=Amazon’s ‘Lord of the Rings’ Rounds Out Sprawling Cast (Exclusive)
|dated=1 July 2021|website=Hollywood Reporter|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref> A third of the first season's 124 speaking roles, including seven of the 32 major recurring roles, went to New Zealand actors.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.newsroom.co.nz/page//govt-hopes-amazon-will-come-back-to-film-more-seasons|articlename=Return of the Rings: Govt hopes Amazon will come back to film more seasons
|dated=5 August 2021|website=[https://www.newsroom.co.nz Newsroom|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref>

=== Filming ===
==== Season one ====
[[File:The Rings of Power (TV series) - Adar poster.jpg|thumb|One of the promotional posters released on February 2022]]
Although pre-production on the series reportedly began in June 2018 in [[Auckland]], filming began on [[14 March]] [[2020]]<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.gamespot.com//articles/lord-of-the-rings-tv-show-director-shares-a-behind/1100-6474422/|articlename=
Lord Of The Rings TV Show Director Shares A Behind-The-Scenes Photo
|dated=15 March 2020|website=[https://www.gamespot.com Gamespot]|accessed=25 August 2021}}</ref> in Auckland primarily at Kumeu Film Studios and Auckland Film Studios.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/entertainment/new-zealand-set-to-be-location-for-lord-of-the-rings-1-5-billion-tv-show/|articlename=New $1.5b LOTR TV series set to film in Auckland|dated=30 June 2019|website=[https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz Newstalk ZB]|accessed=25 August 2021}}</ref> Location filming took place around Auckland in February.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.theonering.net/torwp/2020/02/21/107557-exclusive-spy-report-from-the-set-of-amazons-lotr-with-photos/|articlename=EXCLUSIVE:Spy Report from the Set of Amazon's LOTR with photos |dated=21 February 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Filming for the first two episodes was expected to continue through May,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/homed/real-estate/118857705/lord-of-the-rings-tv-amazon-studios-puts-out-call-for-homes-for-cast-and-crew|articlename=Lord of the Rings TV: Amazon Studios puts out call for homes for cast and crew|dated=21 February 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> with a four or five-month production break then planned during which footage for the two episodes would be reviewed and writing on the second season would begin.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2019/11/the-lord-of-the-rings-series-renewed-season-2-amazon-early-renewal-season-1-hiatus-writers-room-reassembled-1202788730/|articlename=
‘The Lord Of the Rings’ Series Gets Early Season 2 Renewal By Amazon, Sets Season 1 Hiatus
|dated=19 January 2020|website=[https://deadline.com DEADLINE]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>Production was scheduled to resume in mid-October and continue until late June 2021.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/homed/real-estate/118857705/lord-of-the-rings-tv-amazon-studios-puts-out-call-for-homes-for-cast-and-crew|articlename= Lord of the Rings TV: Amazon Studios puts out call for homes for cast and crew|dated=19 January 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff.co]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> However, filming was placed on hold indefinitely in mid-March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with around 800 cast and crew members told to stay home.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/coronavirus-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-production-in-west-auckland-shut-down/JZE3ZEXWQQIQJXH4KYENFR3LRY/?c_id=3&objectid=12316871|articlename=
Coronavirus: Amazon's Lord of the Rings production in West Auckland shut down
|dated=15 March 2020|website=[https://www.nzherald.co.nz NZherald]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> In early May, the majority of filming for the first two episodes was confirmed to have been completed before the COVID-19 shutdown. Filming on the series was allowed to resume then under new safety guidelines from the New Zealand government, but, instead of completing filming for the first two episodes at that time, the filming shutdown segued into the intended production break, with filming for the first two episodes set to be completed once filming on further episodes was ready to begin.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2020/05/new-zealand-returns-to-production-paving-way-for-avatar-sequels-to-resume-live-action-filming-1202929138/|articlename=
New Zealand Returns To Production, Paving Way For ‘Avatar’ Sequels & ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series To Resume Filming |dated=7 May 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>

It was reported that the TV series was one of seven film and television productions that were granted exemptions to allow cast and crew members to enter New Zealand while its borders were closed to non-New Zealanders due to [[Wikipedia:COVID-19|COVID-19]]. The exemptions were granted before [[June 18]] by Economic Development Minister Phil Twyford, and applied to 93 members of the production as well as 20 family members. Around 10 percent of the series' crew were believed to be non-[[New Zealand|New Zealanders]], and many of them had remained in the country during its pandemic lockdown and did not require exemptions. Pre-production on further episodes began by July [[2020]],<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/122012197/revealed-the-six-productions-joining-avatar-in-getting-border-exemptions|articlename=
Revealed: The six productions joining Avatar in getting border exemptions
|dated=3 July 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff.co]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> and filming on the series resumed on [[September 28]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2020/09/the-lord-of-the-rings-resumes-production-amazon-new-zealand-cowboy-bebop-netflix-dtart-of-production-1234584918/|articlename=
Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Resumes Production In New Zealand, Netflix’s ‘Cowboy Bebop’ Next
|dated=28 September 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Bayona completed filming on his episodes by December 23,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://comicbook.com/tv-shows/news/amazons-lord-of-the-rings-pilot-wrapped-filming/|articlename= Amazon's Lord Of The Rings Pilot Has Wrapped Filming
|dated=25 December 2020|website=[https://comicbook.com ComicBook]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> with production on further episodes set to begin in January 2021 following a two week break for Christmas.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/spy-lunch-of-the-rings-the-lotr-star-spotted-on-waiheke/WFTPOF2VTQ272HKL6NT2QLHHQI/|articlename=
Spy: Lunch of the Rings? The LOTR star spotted on Waiheke
|dated=19 December 2020|website=[https://www.nzherald.co.nz NZherald]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Yip confirmed that he had begun filming his episodes by March,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-wayne-che-yip-1234936829/|articlename= ‘Lord of the Rings’ Series Adds Director Wayne Che Yip as Co-Executive Producer
|dated=24 March 2021|website=[https://variety.com Variety]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> and Brändström was in New Zealand for production on the series when she was announced as director in May.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2021/05/the-witcher-charlotte-brandstrom-amazons-the-lord-of-the-rings-series-1234755360/|articlename= ‘The Witcher’ Director Charlotte Brändström Joins Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series |dated=13 May 2021|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>

== Marketing ==
On [[19 January]] 2022, Amazon revealed of the series' full title. Instead of creating a title reveal with visual effects, the studio released an announcement video in which the letters of the title are physically cast from molten metal while an excerpt of the "[[Ring Verse]]" from ''The Lord of the Rings'' is read in voiceover. The video was directed by Klaus Obermeyer, who worked with special effects supervisor Lee Nelson under advisement by veteran special effects supervisor [[Douglas Trumbull]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2022/01/19/111840-prime-videos-the-lord-of-the-rings-title-reveal-exclusive-behind-the-scenes-images/|articlename=Prime Video's The Lord of the Rings TITLE REVEAL - EXCLUSIVE Behind the Scenes images|dated=3 February 2022|website=[https://www.polygon.com/ Polygon]|accessed=4 February 2022}}</ref>

On [[3 February]] 2022, Amazon Studios revealed a series of character posters for the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.polygon.com/22915948/lord-of-the-rings-of-power-characters-posters|articlename=Amazon’s first Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power character posters are a guessing game|dated=4 February 2022|website=[https://www.polygon.com/ Polygon]|accessed=4 February 2022}}</ref> On 10 February, a "first look" was revealed with photos of some of the characters,<ref name="VanityFair">{{webcite|author=Anthony Breznican & Joanna Robinson|articleurl=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/amazon-the-rings-of-power-series-first-look|articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series Rises: Inside The Rings of Power
|dated=10-Feb-2022|website=VanityFair|accessed=20-July-2022}}</ref> followed by the release of the teaser trailer on 13 February during Super Bowl LVI.<ref>{{webcite|author=Erin Carson and Jennifer Bisset|articleurl=https://www.cnet.com/culture/entertainment/amazon-introduces-lord-of-the-rings-the-rings-of-power-in-new-trailer/|articlename=Amazon Introduces 'Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power' in New Trailer|website=[http://www.cnet.com/ CNet]|accessed=9 April 2022}}</ref> The official watch party for the trailer was hosted on YouTube by [[TheOneRing.net]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2022/02/07/111973-official-lotr-trailer-watch-party-for-prime-videos-rings-of-power-to-be-hosted-by-torn/|articlename=Official LOTR Trailer Watch party for Prime Video’s Rings of Power to be hosted by TORn!|website=[https://www.theonering.net/ TheOneRing.net]|accessed=9 April 2022}}</ref>

On [[14 July]], Amazon released another trailer for the series online.<ref>{{webcite|author=William Goodman|articleurl=https://www.gq.com/story/lord-of-the-rings-rings-of-power-trailer|articlename=What the ‘Lord of the Rings: Rings of Power’ Trailer Reveals About the New Prequel Series
|dated=14 July 2022|website=[https://www.gq.com Get Go]|accessed=22 July 2022}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[:Category:Images from The Rings of Power (TV series)|Category:Images from ''The Rings of Power'' TV series]]
* [[The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power Season 1 Soundtrack|''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power'' Season 1 Soundtrack]]

== External links ==
* [http://www.amazon.com/adlp/lotronprime Official website]
* [http://www.facebook.com/LOTRonPrime/ Official Facebook page]
* [http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5gNthckomHt36m9-WH042Q/ Youtube channel]
* https://www.fandom.com/articles/lord-rings-power-hidden-character-details
* https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/entertainment/lord-of-the-rings-numenor-images
* https://www.looper.com/962547/robert-aramayo-sheds-light-on-a-younger-elrond-in-rings-of-power-exclusive-interview/?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter
* https://time.com/6205837/the-rings-of-power-amazon-most-expensive/

{{References}}

{{Title|Italics}}

[[Category:Television series]]

[[fr:divertissements/adaptations/series/lsda_amazon]]
[[fi:The Lord of the Rings (Amazon)]]

The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power

2022-09-18T16:32:10Z

Tuorist:

{{currentevent}}
{{disambig-more|Rings of Power|[[Rings of Power (disambiguation)]]}}
{{film infobox
| image=[[File:Amazon - The Lord of the Rings - The Rings of Power.png|250px]]
| name=The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power
| director=
| producer=[[J.D. Payne]] and [[Patrick McKay]] (showrunners)
| writer='''Novel:''' [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] '''Screenplay:''' John D. Payne and Patrick McKay
| narrator=
| starring=''[[#Cast and characters|see below]]''
| music=
| cinematography=
| editing=
| distributor=Amazon Prime Video
| released=[[2 September]] [[2022]] (first episode's schedule)
| runtime=
| country=United States, United Kingdom, New Zealand
| language=English
| budget=
| website=[http://www.amazon.com/adlp/lotronprime Official website]
| imdb_id=7631058
}}

'''''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power''''', otherwise known as '''The Lord of the Rings on Prime''', is a television series and an adaptation of the writings of [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]. It is created and produced by [[Amazon Studios]] working alongside the [[Tolkien Estate]], [[The Tolkien Trust]], [[HarperCollins]] and [[New Line Cinema]]. Set in the [[Second Age]] of [[Middle-earth]],<ref name="AMSA">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1103656946509344768|articlename=Welcome to the Second Age:|dated=7 March 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> it explores new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien's ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]].''<ref name="AMNZ">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://press.aboutamazon.com/news-releases/news-release-details/amazon-studios-announces-new-zealand-location-its-upcoming|articlename=Amazon Studios Announces New Zealand as Location for Its Upcoming Series Based on The Lord of the Rings|dated=17 September 2019|website=Amazon|accessed=18 September 2019}}</ref> The story spaning across thousands of years will be condensed into a single point in time to avoid time jumps.<ref name="VanityFair"></ref> The first two episodes were released on [[2 September]] [[2022]].<ref> This also is the day of death of Professor J.R.R. Tolkien.{{webcite|author=@LOTRonPrime|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1422255647106617359|articlename=A new journey beings|dated=2 August 2021|website=Twitter|accessed=2 August 2021}}</ref>

== Premise ==
{{blockquote|Amazon Studios' forthcoming series brings to screens for the very first time the heroic legends of the fabled Second Age of Middle-earth's history. This epic drama is set thousands of years before the events of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, and will take viewers back to an era in which great powers were forged, kingdoms rose to glory and fell to ruin, unlikely heroes were tested, hope hung by the finest of threads, and the greatest villain that ever flowed from Tolkien's pen threatened to cover all the world in darkness. Beginning in a time of relative peace, the series follows an ensemble cast of characters, both familiar and new, as they confront the long-feared re-emergence of evil to Middle-earth. From the darkest depths of the Misty Mountains, to the majestic forests of the elf-capital of Lindon, to the breathtaking island kingdom of Númenor, to the furthest reaches of the map, these kingdoms and characters will carve out legacies that live on long after they are gone.|Official synopsis<ref>{{webcite|author=Justin Sewell|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2021/01/12/110065-exclusive-official-show-synopsis-for-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-series/|articlename=EXCLUSIVE: Official Show Synopsis for Amazon’s LORD OF THE RINGS Series|dated=12 January 2021|website=[http://www.theonering.net TheOneRing]|accessed=13 January 2021}}</ref>}}

== Source material and copyrights ==
The showrunners said that they wish to "come up with the novel Tolkien never wrote and do it as the mega-event series".<ref name="VanityFair"></ref> They explained that they only have the copyrights to adapt ''[[The Hobbit]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' along with it's [[Appendices]], without the rights to ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'' or other books that contain vast majority of Tolkien's writings on the [[Second Age]].<ref name="VFQuestions"/>

== Episodes ==
=== Season one ===
# [[A Shadow of the Past]]
# [[Adrift]]
# [[Adar (episode)|Adar]]
# [[The Great Wave]]

== Cast and characters ==
''In alphabetical order''
=== Season one ===
{| class="wikitable"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Actor !! Role
|-
| [[Cynthia Addai-Robinson]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Tar-Míriel|Queen Regent Míriel]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418520400658432|articlename=Cynthia Addai-Robinson is Queen Regent Míriel|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Robert Aramayo]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Elrond]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492167519439925260|articlename=Robert Aramayo is Elrond. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Owain Arthur]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Durin IV|Prince Durin IV]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168323051802626|articlename=Owain Arthur is Prince Durin IV. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Maxim Baldry]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Isildur]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417633603059712|articlename=Maxim Baldry is Isildur|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Ian Blackburn]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Rowan (The Rings of Power)|Rowan]]
|-
| [[Nazanin Boniadi]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Bronwyn]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168861403299841|articlename=Nazanin Boniadi is Bronwyn. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Kip Chapman]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Rían (The Rings of Power)|Rían]]
|-
| [[Morfydd Clark]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Galadriel]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492167351902609413|articlename=Morfydd Clark is Galadriel. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Ismael Cruz Córdova]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Arondir]] <ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168672051445771|articlename=Ismael Cruz Cordova is Arondir. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Anthony Crum]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Ontamo]]
|-
| [[Maxine Cunliffe]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Vilma]]
|-
| [[Charles Edwards]]<ref name="VFInside">{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/amazon-the-rings-of-power-series-first-look|articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series Rises: Inside The Rings of Power|dated=10 February 2022|website=[https://www.vanityfair.com/ Vanity Fair]|accessed=11 February 2022}}</ref> || [[Celebrimbor]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534220750311174144|articlename=Charles Edwards is Celebrimbor|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Trystan Gravelle]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Pharazôn]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418058515521537|articlename=Trystan Gravelle is Pharazôn|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Lenny Henry|Sir Lenny Henry]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Sadoc Burrows]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1533945721929420800#m|articlename=Sir Lenny Henry is Sadoc Burrows. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Ema Horvath]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Eärien]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417835961552896|articlename=Ema Horvath is Eärien|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Thusitha Jayasundera]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Malva]]
|-
| [[Markella Kavenagh]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Elanor Brandyfoot|Elanor "Nori" Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253881651937283|articlename=Markella Kavenagh is Elanor ‘Nori’ Brandyfoot|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Joseph Mawle]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Adar (The Rings of Power)|Adar]]
|-
| [[Fabian McCallum]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Thondir]]
|-
| [[Simon Merrells]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Revion]]
|-
| [[Geoff Morrell]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Waldreg]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/PrimeVideo/status/1559940412114083841|articlename=Get to know the Southlanders in #TheRingsOfPower
|dated=17 August 2022|website=[https://twitter.com/ Twitter]|accessed=17 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Tyroe Muhafidin]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Theo]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://mobile.twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1516457306497581056|articlename=Tyroe Muhafidin is Theo. #LOTRROP #RingsofPower|dated=19 April 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=19 April 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Peter Mullan]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Durin III|King Durin III]]<ref name="VFQuestions">{{webcite|author=burning questions about amazons the rings of power|articleurl= https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/10-burning-questions-about-amazons-the-rings-of-power |articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series: FAQ|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://www.vanityfair.com/ Vanity Fair]|accessed=16 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Sophia Nomvete]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Disa|Princess Disa]] <ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168418358874123|articlename=Sophia Nomvete is Princess Disa. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Lloyd Owen]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Elendil]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417424361885696|articlename=Lloyd Owen is Elendil|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Augustus Prew]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Médhor]]
|-
| [[Megan Richards]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Poppy Proudfellow]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982703908433920#m|articlename=Megan Richards is Poppy Proudfellow. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Dylan Smith]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Largo Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982400869945344#m|articlename=Dylan Smith is Largo Brandyfoot. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Peter Tait]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Tredwill]]
|-
| [[Alex Tarrant]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Valandil (The Rings of Power)|Valandil]]
|-
| [[Charlie Vickers]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Halbrand]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492169017741778944|articlename=Charlie Vickers is Halbrand. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Leon Wadham]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Kemen (The Rings of Power)|Kemen]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418271141560321|articlename=Leon Wadham is Kemen|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Benjamin Walker]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Gil-galad|High-King Gil-galad]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253777415098372|articlename=Benjamin Walker is High King Gil-galad|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Daniel Weyman]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[The Stranger]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253972639076352|articlename=Daniel Weyman is The Stranger|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Sara Zwangobani]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Marigold Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982566448533504#m|articlename=Sara Zwangobani is Marigold Brandyfoot. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|}

== Production ==
[[File:Amazon - Middle-earth map.jpg|thumb|250px|Fourth map of Middle-earth, released by Amazon on 6 March 2019]]
In November [[2017]], it was reported that Amazon Studios were in discussion with Warner Bros. Television and the [[Tolkien Estate]] about developing a series based on ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<ref>{{webcite|author=Daniel Holloway|articleurl=http://variety.com/2017/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-1202606519/|articlename='Lord of the Rings': Amazon, Warner Bros. in Talks for Series Adaptation (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=3 November 2017|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> Later, in November, Amazon Studios announced they have secured the rights to develop a multi-season television series set in Middle-earth with the potential for spin-offs.<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2017/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-amazon-1202613609/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series Moving Forward at Amazon With Multi-Season Production Commitment|dated=13 November 2017|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=31 July 2019}}</ref> The rights have been said to have cost close to $250 million.<ref name="DLAZ">{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2017/11/amazon-the-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-multi-season-commitment-1202207065/|articlename=Amazon Sets ‘The Lord of the Rings’ TV Series In Mega Deal With Multi-Season Commitment|dated=13 November 2017|website=Deadline|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> Amazon Studios will cooperate with the Tolkien Estate, [[The Tolkien Trust]], [[HarperCollins]] and [[New Line Cinema]].<ref name="DLAZ"/>

On [[13 February]] [[2019]], Amazon's newly created [http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime Twitter account] associated with the show posted the quote "I wisely started with a map.", taken from Tolkien's [[Letter 144]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1095797330127646721|articlename=“I wisely started with a map” — J.R.R. Tolkien|dated=13 February 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> On [[15 February]] the Twitter account released a map of Middle-earth along with a line of the [[Ring Verse]], over the next few weeks different versions of the map were released with each successive one including more labels than the previous as well as more lines from the verse. On [[7 March]] the final map was released which showed a wider view of Middle-earth, including the island of [[Númenor]] and the final post "Welcome to the Second Age".<ref name="AMSA"/> [[Tom Shippey]] and artist [[John Howe]] had worked on the accuracy of the maps, however dedicated [[Tolkien fandom|fans]] had detected several mistakes and anachronisms.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://narniafans.com/2019/08/interview-with-narnia-conceptual-designer-john-howe/|articlename=Interview with John Howe|website=Narnia Fans|accessed=25 June 2020}}</ref>

The series being set in the [[Second Age]] was predicted by [[Tolkien Society]] Chair [[Shaun Gunner]] in February.<ref>{{webcite|website=Twitter|accessed=15 February 2020|dated=18 February 2019|articleurl=http://twitter.com/ShaunGunner/status/1097505289618841601|articlename=Shaun Gunner on Twitter}}</ref>

On [[27 July]] 2019 a video was published that introduced the creative team; [[J.D. Payne]] and [[Patrick McKay]] were announced as the showrunners, the writing team consisting of Gennifer Hutchison, Helen Shang, Jason Cahill, Glenise Mullins, Justin Dohle, Stephany Folsom and Bryan Cogman, Belén Atienza, Bruce Richmond, Gene Kelly and Lindsey Weber as executive producers, Ron Ames as co-producer, Kate Hawley as costume designer, Rick Heinrichs as production designer and Jason Smith as visual effects supervisor. The team will also include Tolkien scholar [[Tom Shippey]] and artist [[John Howe]]. [[J. A. Bayona|Bayona]] will direct the first two episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1155142047420080129|articlename=''Meet our Fellowship''|dated=27 July 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> In an interview with the German Tolkien Society, scholar [[Tom Shippey]] stated that events from the First and Third Ages are "off-limits".<ref>{{webcite|author=Tobias M. Eckrich |articleurl=http://www.tolkiengesellschaft.de/30918/exklusive-interview-with-tom-shippey-concerning-lotronprime/|articlename=Exclusive interview with Tom Shippey concerning LOTRonPrime|dated=29 July 2019|website=[http://www.tolkiengesellschaft.de Deutche Tolkien Gesellschaft]|accessed=6 August 2019}}</ref>

On [[17 September]] 2019, Amazon Studios announced that the series will be filmed in New Zealand.<ref name="AMNZ"/>

On [[18 November]] 2019, Amazon Studios Head Jennifer Salke announced a second season renewal for the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/11/the-lord-of-the-rings-series-renewed-season-2-amazon-early-renewal-season-1-hiatus-writers-room-reassembled-1202788730/|articlename=‘The Lord Of the Rings’ Series Gets Early Season 2 Renewal By Amazon, Sets Season 1 Hiatus|dated=18 November 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=17 March 2020}}</ref>

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic production of the series was suspended.<ref>{{webcite|author=Chris Keall|articleurl=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=12316871|articlename=Coronavirus: Amazon's Lord of the Rings production in West Auckland shut down|dated=15 March 2020|website=[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/ The New Zealand Herald]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref> On 9 May 2020 the New Zealand Film Commission has allowed the production of film and TV to continue in the country.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/news/article.cfm?c_id=1501119&objectid=12330716|articlename=Covid 19 coronavirus: Avatar, Lord Of The Rings filming resumes in NZ|dated=9 May 2020|website=[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/ The New Zealand Herald]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref>

In December 2020, [[Bryan Cogman]] left the series for Entertainment One, after completing work on the scripts for season one.<ref>{{webcite|author=Lesley Goldberg |articleurl=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/bryan-cogman-moves-overall-deal-to-eone-exclusive|articlename=Bryan Cogman Moves Overall Deal to eOne (Exclusive)|dated=7 December 2020|website=The Hollywood Reporter|accessed=15 December 2020}}</ref>

On [[24 March]] [[2021]], Amazon Studios announced that [[Wayne Yip|Wayne Che Yip]] has joined the creative team, as both a co-executive producer and director.<ref>{{webcite|author=Matt Grobar|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2021/03/wayne-che-yip-boards-lord-of-the-rings-series-director-co-ep-amazon-studios-1234720477/|articlename=Wayne Che Yip Boards ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series As Director & Co-EP, Will Helm Four Episodes Of Amazon Original|dated=24 March 2021|website=[http://deadline.com/ Deadline]|accessed=5 April 2021}}</ref>

On May 2021, it was announced that [[Charlotte Brändström]] will direct another two episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=Matt Grobar|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2021/05/the-witcher-charlotte-brandstrom-amazons-the-lord-of-the-rings-series-1234755360/|articlename=‘The Witcher’ Director Charlotte Brändström Joins Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series
|dated=13 May 2021|website=[http://deadline.com/ Deadline]|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref>

On September 2021, it was reported that [[Howard Shore]] and [[Bear McCreary]] are in talks to compose the soundtrack for the series.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=https://www.theonering.net/torwp/2021/09/19/111495-howard-shore-and-bear-mccreary-to-soundtrack-lotr-on-prime-series/|articlename=Howard Shore and Bear McCreary to soundtrack LOTR on Prime series|dated=September 19, 2021|website=TheOneRing.net|accessed=September 20, 2021}}</ref>

On 19 January [[2022]], a first teaser was released announcing the official title for the series: ''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power''.<ref>{{webcite|author=@LOTRonPrime|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1483816516327915522?cxt=HHwWhICq-dHQyZcpAAAA|articlename=Title Announcement|dated=19 January 2022|website=Twitter|accessed=19 January 2022}}</ref>

=== Casting ===
On 22 July 2019, it was reported that Amazon has made its first cast for the new series that Markella Kavenagh was in talks to play a character named "Tyra".<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-cast-markella-kavenagh-1203268175|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Taps First Cast Member (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=22 July 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref>

Will Poulter was cast for an unknown role in September 2019<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-will-poulter-cast-1203321951/|articlename=‘Lord of The Rings’ Series at Amazon Casts Will Poulter (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=4 September 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref> however in December it was reported that he left the series due to scheduling conflicts.<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-will-poulter-1203433273/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’: Will Poulter No Longer Attached to Amazon Series (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=12 December 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> This was later confirmed by Poulter in an interview.<ref>{{webcite|author=Will Richards|articleurl=http://www.nme.com/news/tv/will-poulter-explains-why-he-left-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-2706105|articlename=Will Poulter explains why he left Amazon's 'Lord Of The Rings' TV series|dated=12 July 2020|website=[http://www.nme.com/ NME]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref> He was replaced by Robert Aramayo who was reported to be playing a character named "Beldor".<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2020/01/robert-aramayo-cast-the-lord-of-the-rings-amazon-tv-series-game-of-thrones-alum-cast-1202823073/|articlename='The Lord Of the Rings': Robert Aramayo To Star In Amazon TV Series|dated=7 January 2020|website=Deadline|accessed=15 January 2020}}</ref>

In October 2019 it was reported that Maxim Baldry<ref>{{webcite|author=Jeff Sneider|articleurl=http://collider.com/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-cast-maxim-baldry/|articlename=Exclusive: ‘Lord of the Rings’ TV Series Adds ‘Years and Years’ Star Maxim Baldry|dated=15 October 2019|website=Collider|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> and Joseph Mawle has joined the cast, the latter playing "Oren", the lead villain of the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/10/the-lord-of-the-rings-joseph-mawle-cast-star-amazon-series-oren-game-of-thrones-alum-1202765493/|articlename='The Lord Of The Rings': Joseph Mawle To Star In Amazon Series|dated=21 October 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref>

In December 2019 there were reports of Ema Horvath<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/12/ema-horvath-cast-the-lord-of-the-rings-amazon-series-1202806025/|articlename=‘The Lord Of The Rings’: Ema Horvath Joins Cast Of Amazon Series|dated=10 December 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> and Morfydd Clark joinining the cast, it was said that Clark is to play a "young [[Galadriel]]".<ref>{{webcite|author=Justin Kroll|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-galadriel-morfydd-clark-1203446284/amp/|articlename='Lord of the Rings' Series Taps Morfydd Clark as Young Galadriel (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=17 December 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=4 January 2020}}</ref>

On 15 January 2020, the series' official social media confirmed the castings of Kavenagh, Aramayo, Mawle, Horvath and Clark as well as revealing new members of the cast; Owain Arthur, Nazanin Boniadi, Tom Budge, Ismael Cruz Cordova, Tyroe Muhafidin, Sophia Nomvete, Megan Richards, Dylan Smith, Charlie Vickers and Daniel Weyman.<ref name="Meet">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/LOTRonPrime/photos/?tab=album&album_id=2410457885934047|articlename=Meet the first members of our fellowship. #LOTRonPrime|dated=15 January 2020|website=Facebook|accessed=15 January 2020}}</ref>

In December 2020, it was announced that 20 actors have been added to the cast; Cynthia Addai-Robinson, Maxim Baldry (reported to have joined back in October 2019), Ian Blackburn, Kip Chapman, Anthony Crum, Maxine Cunliffe, Trystan Gravelle, Sir Lenny Henry, Thusitha Jayasundera, Fabian McCallum, Simon Merrells, Geoff Morrell, Peter Mullan, Lloyd Owen, Augustus Prew, Peter Tait, Alex Tarrant, Leon Wadham, Benjamin Walker and Sara Zwangobani.<ref name="VA20">{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2020/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-cast-1234845274/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Adds 20 Actors to Cast|dated=3 December 2020|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=3 December 2020}}</ref>

In March 2021, Tom Budge announced that he had departed the series after filming several episodes. He explained that Amazon had decided to go in a different direction with his character after reviewing the first episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.instagram.com/p/CMZnFx-HkAp/|articlename=Tom Budge on Instagram|dated=14 March 2021|website=[http://instagram.com/ Instagram]|accessed=5 April 2021}}</ref>

In July 2021 Charles Edwards, Will Fletcher, Amelie Child-Villiers, and Beau Cassidy were added to the first season's cast that July.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/amazon-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-cast-1234976309/|articlename=Amazon’s ‘Lord of the Rings’ Rounds Out Sprawling Cast (Exclusive)
|dated=1 July 2021|website=Hollywood Reporter|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref> A third of the first season's 124 speaking roles, including seven of the 32 major recurring roles, went to New Zealand actors.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.newsroom.co.nz/page//govt-hopes-amazon-will-come-back-to-film-more-seasons|articlename=Return of the Rings: Govt hopes Amazon will come back to film more seasons
|dated=5 August 2021|website=[https://www.newsroom.co.nz Newsroom|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref>

=== Filming ===
==== Season one ====
[[File:The Rings of Power (TV series) - Adar poster.jpg|thumb|One of the promotional posters released on February 2022]]
Although pre-production on the series reportedly began in June 2018 in [[Auckland]], filming began on [[14 March]] [[2020]]<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.gamespot.com//articles/lord-of-the-rings-tv-show-director-shares-a-behind/1100-6474422/|articlename=
Lord Of The Rings TV Show Director Shares A Behind-The-Scenes Photo
|dated=15 March 2020|website=[https://www.gamespot.com Gamespot]|accessed=25 August 2021}}</ref> in Auckland primarily at Kumeu Film Studios and Auckland Film Studios.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/entertainment/new-zealand-set-to-be-location-for-lord-of-the-rings-1-5-billion-tv-show/|articlename=New $1.5b LOTR TV series set to film in Auckland|dated=30 June 2019|website=[https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz Newstalk ZB]|accessed=25 August 2021}}</ref> Location filming took place around Auckland in February.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.theonering.net/torwp/2020/02/21/107557-exclusive-spy-report-from-the-set-of-amazons-lotr-with-photos/|articlename=EXCLUSIVE:Spy Report from the Set of Amazon's LOTR with photos |dated=21 February 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Filming for the first two episodes was expected to continue through May,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/homed/real-estate/118857705/lord-of-the-rings-tv-amazon-studios-puts-out-call-for-homes-for-cast-and-crew|articlename=Lord of the Rings TV: Amazon Studios puts out call for homes for cast and crew|dated=21 February 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> with a four or five-month production break then planned during which footage for the two episodes would be reviewed and writing on the second season would begin.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2019/11/the-lord-of-the-rings-series-renewed-season-2-amazon-early-renewal-season-1-hiatus-writers-room-reassembled-1202788730/|articlename=
‘The Lord Of the Rings’ Series Gets Early Season 2 Renewal By Amazon, Sets Season 1 Hiatus
|dated=19 January 2020|website=[https://deadline.com DEADLINE]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>Production was scheduled to resume in mid-October and continue until late June 2021.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/homed/real-estate/118857705/lord-of-the-rings-tv-amazon-studios-puts-out-call-for-homes-for-cast-and-crew|articlename= Lord of the Rings TV: Amazon Studios puts out call for homes for cast and crew|dated=19 January 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff.co]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> However, filming was placed on hold indefinitely in mid-March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with around 800 cast and crew members told to stay home.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/coronavirus-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-production-in-west-auckland-shut-down/JZE3ZEXWQQIQJXH4KYENFR3LRY/?c_id=3&objectid=12316871|articlename=
Coronavirus: Amazon's Lord of the Rings production in West Auckland shut down
|dated=15 March 2020|website=[https://www.nzherald.co.nz NZherald]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> In early May, the majority of filming for the first two episodes was confirmed to have been completed before the COVID-19 shutdown. Filming on the series was allowed to resume then under new safety guidelines from the New Zealand government, but, instead of completing filming for the first two episodes at that time, the filming shutdown segued into the intended production break, with filming for the first two episodes set to be completed once filming on further episodes was ready to begin.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2020/05/new-zealand-returns-to-production-paving-way-for-avatar-sequels-to-resume-live-action-filming-1202929138/|articlename=
New Zealand Returns To Production, Paving Way For ‘Avatar’ Sequels & ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series To Resume Filming |dated=7 May 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>

It was reported that the TV series was one of seven film and television productions that were granted exemptions to allow cast and crew members to enter New Zealand while its borders were closed to non-New Zealanders due to [[Wikipedia:COVID-19|COVID-19]]. The exemptions were granted before [[June 18]] by Economic Development Minister Phil Twyford, and applied to 93 members of the production as well as 20 family members. Around 10 percent of the series' crew were believed to be non-[[New Zealand|New Zealanders]], and many of them had remained in the country during its pandemic lockdown and did not require exemptions. Pre-production on further episodes began by July [[2020]],<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/122012197/revealed-the-six-productions-joining-avatar-in-getting-border-exemptions|articlename=
Revealed: The six productions joining Avatar in getting border exemptions
|dated=3 July 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff.co]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> and filming on the series resumed on [[September 28]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2020/09/the-lord-of-the-rings-resumes-production-amazon-new-zealand-cowboy-bebop-netflix-dtart-of-production-1234584918/|articlename=
Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Resumes Production In New Zealand, Netflix’s ‘Cowboy Bebop’ Next
|dated=28 September 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Bayona completed filming on his episodes by December 23,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://comicbook.com/tv-shows/news/amazons-lord-of-the-rings-pilot-wrapped-filming/|articlename= Amazon's Lord Of The Rings Pilot Has Wrapped Filming
|dated=25 December 2020|website=[https://comicbook.com ComicBook]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> with production on further episodes set to begin in January 2021 following a two week break for Christmas.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/spy-lunch-of-the-rings-the-lotr-star-spotted-on-waiheke/WFTPOF2VTQ272HKL6NT2QLHHQI/|articlename=
Spy: Lunch of the Rings? The LOTR star spotted on Waiheke
|dated=19 December 2020|website=[https://www.nzherald.co.nz NZherald]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Yip confirmed that he had begun filming his episodes by March,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-wayne-che-yip-1234936829/|articlename= ‘Lord of the Rings’ Series Adds Director Wayne Che Yip as Co-Executive Producer
|dated=24 March 2021|website=[https://variety.com Variety]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> and Brändström was in New Zealand for production on the series when she was announced as director in May.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2021/05/the-witcher-charlotte-brandstrom-amazons-the-lord-of-the-rings-series-1234755360/|articlename= ‘The Witcher’ Director Charlotte Brändström Joins Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series |dated=13 May 2021|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>

== Marketing ==
On [[19 January]] 2022, Amazon revealed of the series' full title. Instead of creating a title reveal with visual effects, the studio released an announcement video in which the letters of the title are physically cast from molten metal while an excerpt of the "[[Ring Verse]]" from ''The Lord of the Rings'' is read in voiceover. The video was directed by Klaus Obermeyer, who worked with special effects supervisor Lee Nelson under advisement by veteran special effects supervisor [[Douglas Trumbull]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2022/01/19/111840-prime-videos-the-lord-of-the-rings-title-reveal-exclusive-behind-the-scenes-images/|articlename=Prime Video's The Lord of the Rings TITLE REVEAL - EXCLUSIVE Behind the Scenes images|dated=3 February 2022|website=[https://www.polygon.com/ Polygon]|accessed=4 February 2022}}</ref>

On [[3 February]] 2022, Amazon Studios revealed a series of character posters for the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.polygon.com/22915948/lord-of-the-rings-of-power-characters-posters|articlename=Amazon’s first Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power character posters are a guessing game|dated=4 February 2022|website=[https://www.polygon.com/ Polygon]|accessed=4 February 2022}}</ref> On 10 February, a "first look" was revealed with photos of some of the characters,<ref name="VanityFair">{{webcite|author=Anthony Breznican & Joanna Robinson|articleurl=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/amazon-the-rings-of-power-series-first-look|articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series Rises: Inside The Rings of Power
|dated=10-Feb-2022|website=VanityFair|accessed=20-July-2022}}</ref> followed by the release of the teaser trailer on 13 February during Super Bowl LVI.<ref>{{webcite|author=Erin Carson and Jennifer Bisset|articleurl=https://www.cnet.com/culture/entertainment/amazon-introduces-lord-of-the-rings-the-rings-of-power-in-new-trailer/|articlename=Amazon Introduces 'Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power' in New Trailer|website=[http://www.cnet.com/ CNet]|accessed=9 April 2022}}</ref> The official watch party for the trailer was hosted on YouTube by [[TheOneRing.net]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2022/02/07/111973-official-lotr-trailer-watch-party-for-prime-videos-rings-of-power-to-be-hosted-by-torn/|articlename=Official LOTR Trailer Watch party for Prime Video’s Rings of Power to be hosted by TORn!|website=[https://www.theonering.net/ TheOneRing.net]|accessed=9 April 2022}}</ref>

On [[14 July]], Amazon released another trailer for the series online.<ref>{{webcite|author=William Goodman|articleurl=https://www.gq.com/story/lord-of-the-rings-rings-of-power-trailer|articlename=What the ‘Lord of the Rings: Rings of Power’ Trailer Reveals About the New Prequel Series
|dated=14 July 2022|website=[https://www.gq.com Get Go]|accessed=22 July 2022}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[:Category:Images from The Rings of Power (TV series)|Category:Images from ''The Rings of Power'' TV series]]
* [[The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power Season 1 Soundtrack|''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power'' Season 1 Soundtrack]]

== External links ==
* [http://www.amazon.com/adlp/lotronprime Official website]
* [http://www.facebook.com/LOTRonPrime/ Official Facebook page]
* [http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5gNthckomHt36m9-WH042Q/ Youtube channel]
* https://www.fandom.com/articles/lord-rings-power-hidden-character-details
* https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/entertainment/lord-of-the-rings-numenor-images
* https://www.looper.com/962547/robert-aramayo-sheds-light-on-a-younger-elrond-in-rings-of-power-exclusive-interview/?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter
* https://time.com/6205837/the-rings-of-power-amazon-most-expensive/

{{References}}

{{Title|Italics}}

[[Category:Television series]]

[[fr:divertissements/adaptations/series/lsda_amazon]]
[[fi:The Lord of the Rings (Amazon)]]

Tar-Vanimeldë

2022-09-18T12:33:46Z

Tuorist: Undo revision 312382 by IvarTheBoneless (talk No reason was given for change of previous image, which was much more regal as it presented the Ruling Queen on a throne with the Sceptre, so it's better to revert to it)

{{numenorean infobox
| name=Tar-Vanimeldë
| image=[[File:Shyangell - Tar-Vanimelde.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Tar-Vanimelde" by [[:Category:Images by Shyangell|Shyangell]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=[[Ruling Queens of Númenor|Ruling Queen of Númenor]]
| position=
| location=[[Númenor]]
| affiliation=
| language=
| birth={{SA|2277}}<ref name=Tar-Vanimelde>{{UT|Kings}}, entry XVI ''Tar-Vanimeldë''</ref>
| birthlocation=
| rule={{SA|2526}} - {{SA|2637|n}} (111 years)<ref name=Tar-Vanimelde/>
| death={{SA|2637}}<ref name=Tar-Vanimelde/>
| deathlocation=
| age=360
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| parentage=[[Tar-Telemmaitë]]<ref name=Tar-Telemmaite>{{UT|Kings}}, entry XV ''Tar-Telemmaitë''</ref>
| siblings=
| spouse=[[Tar-Anducal|Herucalmo]]<ref name=Tar-Vanimelde/>
| children=[[Tar-Alcarin]]<ref name=Tar-Vanimelde/>
| gender=Female
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Tar-Vanimeldë''' was the daughter of [[Tar-Telemmaitë]] and the sixteenth Ruler of [[Númenor]]; the third and last [[Ruling Queen of Númenor|Ruling Queen]].<ref name=Tar-Vanimelde/>

== History ==
Tar-Vanimeldë gave little thought to the practicalities of government, preferring music and dancing. The day-to-day affairs of state she left to her husband [[Herucalmo]], who was of noble descent himself (of the same degree from [[Tar-Atanamir]]), and who effectively ruled Númenor while his wife held the [[Sceptre]].<ref name=Tar-Vanimelde/>

When she died, her son [[Tar-Alcarin|Alcarin]] should have taken up the Sceptre, but Herucalmo refused to give up his power. Instead, though he had no legal claim to the throne, he took the name [[Tar-Anducal]] and ruled as King for the next twenty years. After Herucalmo's death, the kingship passed back to its rightful heir, his son, who became [[Tar-Alcarin]].<ref name=Tar-Vanimelde/>

== Etymology ==
''Vanimeldë'' is a [[Quenya]] name. Its meaning is not glossed, but Paul Strack suggests that it may mean "elven-fair" as a feminised form of ''vanimelda'' ("beautiful and beloved", "elven-fair").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-1444613101.html|articlename=Q. ''Vanimeldë'' f.|website=Eldamo|accessed=25 December 2021}}</ref> Like all the rulers of Númenor who took their royal names in Quenya, ''Vanimeldë'' added the prefix ''tar-'' ("high") to her name when he received the [[Sceptre of Númenor|Sceptre]].<ref>{{UT|Kings}}, first paragraph and entry I to XXV</ref>

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | ATA | | | | |ATA=[[Tar-Atanamir]] ''{{SA|1800|n}} - {{SA|2221|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |]|~|~|~|7| |}}
{{familytree | ANC | | |:| |ANC=[[Tar-Ancalimon]] ''{{SA|1986|n}} - {{SA|2386|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |:| |}}
{{familytree | TEL | | |:| |TEL=[[Tar-Telemmaitë]] ''{{SA|2136|n}} - {{SA|2526|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |:| |}}
{{familytree | VAN |y| HER |VAN='''TAR-VANIMELDË''' ''{{SA|2277|n}} - {{SA|2637|n}}''|HER=[[Tar-Anducal]] ''{{SA|2286|n}} - {{SA|2657|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | ALC | | |ALC=[[Tar-Alcarin]] ''{{SA|2406|n}} - {{SA|2737|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | CAL | | |CAL=[[Tar-Calmacil]] ''{{SA|2516|n}} - {{SA|2825|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=numenorean
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| born={{SA|2277}}
| died={{SA|2637}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=[[Tar-Telemmaitë]]
| list=16th [[King of Númenor|Ruler]]/3rd [[Ruling Queen of Númenor]]
| dates={{SA|2526}} - {{SA|2637|n}}
| next=[[Tar-Alcarin]] (''de jure'') [[Tar-Anducal]] (''de facto'')
}}
{{seq-end}}

{{numenorkings}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:TarVanimelde}}
[[Category:House of Elros]]
[[Category:Rulers of Númenor]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]

[[de:Tar-Vanimelde]]
[[fi:Tar-Vanimeldë]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/2a/numenoreens/tar-vanimelde]]

The Floating Log

2022-09-17T21:11:27Z

Tuorist:

[[Image:Matěj_Čadil_-_The_Floating_Log.jpg|thumb|right|Floating Log Inn, by [[Matěj Čadil]]]]
The '''Floating Log''' was an inn in the village of [[Frogmorton]], in [[the Shire]]'s [[Eastfarthing]]. The Floating Log stood on the [[East Road]] that passed through [[the Shire]], about halfway between [[Hobbiton]] and the [[Brandywine Bridge]], and so must have been a busy place. In the time of the [[War of the Ring]], though, [[Sharkey]] and his [[Men]] took over the Shire, and shut the inn down.<ref>{{RK|VI8}}</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Inns]]
[[Category:The Shire]]
[[de:Schwimmender_Balken]]
[[fi:Ajopuu]]

The Floating Log

2022-09-17T21:09:50Z

Tuorist: image changed to one depicting whole Inn, instead of just the sign

[[Image:Matěj_Čadil_-_The_Floating_Log.jpg|thumb|right]]
The '''Floating Log''' was an inn in the village of [[Frogmorton]], in [[the Shire]]'s [[Eastfarthing]]. The Floating Log stood on the [[East Road]] that passed through [[the Shire]], about halfway between [[Hobbiton]] and the [[Brandywine Bridge]], and so must have been a busy place. In the time of the [[War of the Ring]], though, [[Sharkey]] and his [[Men]] took over the Shire, and shut the inn down.<ref>{{RK|VI8}}</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Inns]]
[[Category:The Shire]]
[[de:Schwimmender_Balken]]
[[fi:Ajopuu]]

Tar-Telperiën

2022-09-17T20:39:49Z

Tuorist: Undo revision 312381 by IvarTheBoneless (talk No reason was given for change of previous image, which was much more regal as it presented the Ruling Queen on a throne with the Sceptre, so it's better to revert to it)

{{numenorean infobox
| name=Tar-Telperiën
| image=[[File:Shyangell - Tar-Telperien.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Tar-Telperien" by [[:Category:Images by Shyangell|Shyangell]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=[[Ruling Queens of Númenor|Ruling Queen of Númenor]]
| position=
| location=[[Númenor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Adûnaic]], [[Sindarin]] and [[Quenya]]
| birth={{SA|1320}}<ref name=Tar-Telperien>{{UT|Kings}}entry X ''Tar-Telperien''</ref>
| birthlocation=
| rule={{SA|1556}} - {{SA|1731|n}} (175 years)<ref name=Tar-Telperien/>
| death={{SA|1731}}<ref name=Tar-Telperien/>
| deathlocation=
| age=411
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| parentage=[[Tar-Súrion]]<ref name=Tar-Telperien/>
| siblings=[[Isilmo]]<ref name=Tar-Telperien/>
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Female
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Tar-Telperiën''' was the tenth monarch of [[Númenor]] and its second [[Ruling Queen of Númenor|Ruling Queen]]. She was the eldest child of [[Tar-Súrion]].<ref name=Tar-Telperien/>

During her rule in Númenor, momentous events took place in [[Middle-earth]]: in {{SA|1600}} the [[Rings of Power]] were forged,<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year ''c.'' 1600 of the Second Age</ref> in {{SA|1693}} the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]] began<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 1693 of the Second Age</ref> and in {{SA|1700}} a great navy from Númenor is sent to [[Lindon]]<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 1700 of the Second Age</ref> to aid the Elves and utterly routs the forces of [[Sauron]] at the [[Battle of the Gwathló]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>

She refused to wed, and so died without an heir. Tar-Telperiën was long-lived even for one of [[Elros]]' line, and appeared to be reluctant to give up her power: unlike all the rulers of Númenor before her, she did not surrender the [[Sceptre]] to her successor a few years before her death, but instead waited until just prior to it.<ref name=Tar-Telperien/>

Tar-Telperiën's nephew Minastir, the son of her younger brother [[Isilmo]], succeeded her and ruled as [[Tar-Minastir]].<ref name=Tar-Telperien/>

== Etymology ==
''Telperien'' is a [[Quenya]] name. Its meaning is not glossed, but Paul Strack suggests it could mean "Silver-daugther" as a compound of ''telpë'' ("silver") and the feminine suffix ''[[-ien]]'' ("-daughter"); though it could also be a feminised form of [[Telperion]], the name of the White Tree of [[Valinor]].<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-3185842677.html|articlename=Q. ''Telperien'' f.|website=Eldamo|accessed=22 December 2021}}</ref> Like all the rulers of Númenor who took their royal names in Quenya, Telperien added the prefix ''tar-'' ("high") to her name when she received the [[Sceptre of Númenor|Sceptre]].<ref>{{UT|Kings}}, first paragraph and entry I to XXV</ref>

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | ANA | | | | |ANA=[[Tar-Anárion]] ''{{SA|1003|n}} - {{SA|1404|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |}}
{{familytree | TWO | | SUR | | |TWO=''Two daughters'' ''unknown''|SUR=[[Tar-Súrion]] ''{{SA|1174|n}} - {{SA|1574|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |,|-|^|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | | | TEL | | ISI |TEL='''TAR-TELPERIËN''' ''{{SA|1320|n}} - {{SA|1731|n}}''|ISI=[[Isilmo]] ''unknown''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | MIN |MIN=[[Tar-Minastir]] ''{{SA|1474|n}} - {{SA|1873|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | CIR |CIR=[[Tar-Ciryatan]] ''{{SA|1634|n}} - {{SA|2035|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=numenorean
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| born={{SA|1320}}
| died={{SA|1731}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=[[Tar-Súrion]]
| list=10th [[King of Númenor|Ruler]]/2nd [[Ruling Queen of Númenor]]
| dates={{SA|1556}} - {{SA|1731|n}}
| next=[[Tar-Minastir]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

{{numenorkings}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:TarTelperien}}
[[Category:House of Elros]]
[[Category:Rulers of Númenor]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]

[[de:Tar-Telperien]]
[[fi:Tar-Telperien]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/hommes/2a/numenoreens/tar-telperien]]

Hallatan

2022-09-17T20:13:47Z

Tuorist: son, link

{{numenorean infobox
| name=Hallatan
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=Lord of [[Hyarastorni]]
| position=
| location=[[Númenor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Adûnaic]] and [[Sindarin]]
| birth={{SA|711}}
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=unknown (aged 141+)
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| parentage=[[Cemendur (son of Axantur)|Cemendur]]
| siblings=[[Írildë]]
| spouse=
| children=[[Nessanië]] and [[Hallacar]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Hallatan''' was the second child and only son of [[Cemendur (son of Axantur)|Cemendur]], a minor noble of [[Númenor]]. He was recorded as owning land in the region of [[Hyarastorni]], near the borders of [[Emerië]].

Hallatan was respected by the people of [[Mittalmar]] and represented the region in the [[Council of the Sceptre]].<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, Note 23</ref> He was the only Council member who supported [[Tar-Meneldur]] in his decision to resign the Sceptre to his son [[Aldarion]] in 883, because of his high esteem for the king's son<ref>{{UT|Wife}}</ref>. Later, he served as the first [[Regent of Gondor|Regent of Númenor]] when [[Tar-Aldarion]] traveled to Middle-earth in 883 or 884.<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, p. 216</ref>

Hallatan would become a member of the royal family when his son [[Hallacar]] married [[Tar-Ancalimë]], the first [[Ruling Queen of Númenor]].<ref>{{UT|earlier}}</ref> Due to his ownership of herds of sheep Hallatan acquired the epithet "Sheep-lord".<ref>{{UT|Index}}, ''Hallatan''</ref>

==Etymology==
''Hallatan'' is a [[Quenya]] name. Its meaning is not glossed, but Paul Strack suggests it means "Tall Man" from ''[[halla]]'' ("tall") and ''[[Atani|Atan]]'' ("[[Man]]").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-2823336653.html|articlename=Q. ''Hallatan'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=18 January 2022}}</ref>

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | VAR | | | | | |VAR=[[Vardamir|Vardamir Nólimon]] ''{{SA|61}} - {{SA|471|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| | | |}}
{{familytree | AMA | | | | NOL | | |AMA=[[Tar-Amandil]] ''{{SA|192|n}} - {{SA|603|n}}''|NOL=[[Nolondil]] ''b. {{SA|222|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | ELE | | | | AXA | | |ELE=[[Tar-Elendil]] ''{{SA|350|n}} - {{SA|751|n}}''|YAV=[[Yávien]] ''b. {{SA|371|n}}''|ORO=[[Oromendil]] ''b. {{SA|382|n}}''|AXA=[[Axantur]] ''b. {{SA|395|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | MEN | | | | CEM | | |MEN=[[Tar-Meneldur]] ''{{SA|543|n}} - {{SA|942|n}}''|LIN=[[Lindissë]] ''b. {{SA|551|n}}''|ARD=[[Ardamir (son of Axantur)|Ardamir]] ''b. {{SA|562|n}}''|CEM=[[Cemendur (son of Axantur)|Cemendur]] ''b. {{SA|575|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | ALD | | IRI | | HAL |ALD=[[Tar-Aldarion]] ''{{SA|700|n}} - {{SA|1098|n}}''|IRI=[[Írildë]] ''b. {{SA|700|n}}''|HAL='''HALLATAN''' ''b. {{SA|711|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|(| |}}
{{familytree | ANC | | NES | | HAL |ANC=[[Tar-Ancalimë]] ''{{SA|873|n}} - {{SA|1285|n}}''|NES=[[Nessanië]] ''b. {{SA|840|n}}''|HAL=[[Hallacar]] ''{{SA|852|n}} - {{SA|1211|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |L|~|~|~|y|~|~|~|J| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | ANA | | | | |ANA=[[Tar-Anárion]] ''{{SA|1003|n}} - {{SA|1404|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

{{References}}
[[Category:House of Elros]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]

[[de:Hallatan]]
[[fi:Hallatan]]

Hallatan

2022-09-17T20:08:08Z

Tuorist:

{{numenorean infobox
| name=Hallatan
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=Lord of [[Hyarastorni]]
| position=
| location=[[Númenor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Adûnaic]] and [[Sindarin]]
| birth={{SA|711}}
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=unknown (aged 141+)
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| parentage=[[Cemendur (son of Axantur)|Cemendur]]
| siblings=[[Írildë]]
| spouse=
| children=[[Nessanië]] and [[Hallacar]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Hallatan''' was the second child and only son of [[Cemendur (son of Axantur)|Cemendur]], a minor noble of [[Númenor]]. He was recorded as owning land in the region of [[Hyarastorni]], near the borders of [[Emerië]].

Hallatan was respected by the people of [[Mittalmar]] and represented the region in the [[Council of the Sceptre]].<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, Note 23</ref> He was the only Council member who supported [[Tar-Meneldur]] in his decision to resign the Sceptre to his son [[Aldarion]] in 883, because of his high esteem for the king's son<ref>{{UT|Wife}}</ref>. Later, he served as the first [[Regent of Gondor|Regent of Númenor]] when [[Tar-Aldarion]] traveled to Middle-earth in 883 or 884.<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, p. 216</ref>

Hallatan would become a member of the royal family when his son married [[Tar-Ancalimë]], the first [[Ruling Queen of Númenor]].<ref>{{UT|earlier}}</ref> Due to his ownership of herds of sheep Hallatan acquired the epithet "Sheep-lord".<ref>{{UT|Index}}, ''Hallatan''</ref>

==Etymology==
''Hallatan'' is a [[Quenya]] name. Its meaning is not glossed, but Paul Strack suggests it means "Tall Man" from ''[[halla]]'' ("tall") and ''[[Atani|Atan]]'' ("[[Man]]").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-2823336653.html|articlename=Q. ''Hallatan'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=18 January 2022}}</ref>

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | VAR | | | | | |VAR=[[Vardamir|Vardamir Nólimon]] ''{{SA|61}} - {{SA|471|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| | | |}}
{{familytree | AMA | | | | NOL | | |AMA=[[Tar-Amandil]] ''{{SA|192|n}} - {{SA|603|n}}''|NOL=[[Nolondil]] ''b. {{SA|222|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | ELE | | | | AXA | | |ELE=[[Tar-Elendil]] ''{{SA|350|n}} - {{SA|751|n}}''|YAV=[[Yávien]] ''b. {{SA|371|n}}''|ORO=[[Oromendil]] ''b. {{SA|382|n}}''|AXA=[[Axantur]] ''b. {{SA|395|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | MEN | | | | CEM | | |MEN=[[Tar-Meneldur]] ''{{SA|543|n}} - {{SA|942|n}}''|LIN=[[Lindissë]] ''b. {{SA|551|n}}''|ARD=[[Ardamir (son of Axantur)|Ardamir]] ''b. {{SA|562|n}}''|CEM=[[Cemendur (son of Axantur)|Cemendur]] ''b. {{SA|575|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | ALD | | IRI | | HAL |ALD=[[Tar-Aldarion]] ''{{SA|700|n}} - {{SA|1098|n}}''|IRI=[[Írildë]] ''b. {{SA|700|n}}''|HAL='''HALLATAN''' ''b. {{SA|711|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|(| |}}
{{familytree | ANC | | NES | | HAL |ANC=[[Tar-Ancalimë]] ''{{SA|873|n}} - {{SA|1285|n}}''|NES=[[Nessanië]] ''b. {{SA|840|n}}''|HAL=[[Hallacar]] ''{{SA|852|n}} - {{SA|1211|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |L|~|~|~|y|~|~|~|J| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | ANA | | | | |ANA=[[Tar-Anárion]] ''{{SA|1003|n}} - {{SA|1404|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

{{References}}
[[Category:House of Elros]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]

[[de:Hallatan]]
[[fi:Hallatan]]

Tar-Meneldur

2022-09-17T20:05:03Z

Tuorist: clarif.

{{numenorean infobox
| name=Tar-Meneldur
| image=[[File:Šárka Škorpíková - Tar-Meneldur.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Tar-Meneldur" by [[:Category:Images by Šárka Škorpíková|Šárka Škorpíková]]
| pronun=
| othernames=''Írimon'' ([[Quenya|Q]])<ref name=Tar-Meneldur>{{UT|Kings}}, entry V ''Tar-Meneldur''</ref>, ''Elentirmo'' ([[Quenya|Q]])<ref>{{UT|4a}}, note 1</ref>
| titles=[[King of Númenor]], Father of the Isle<ref>{{UT|Wife}}</ref>
| position=
| location=[[Númenor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Adûnaic]], [[Sindarin]] and [[Quenya]]
| birth={{SA|543}}<ref name=Tar-Meneldur/>
| birthlocation=
| rule={{SA|740}} - {{SA|883|n}} (143 years)<ref name=Tar-Meneldur/>
| death={{SA|942}}<ref name=Tar-Meneldur/>
| deathlocation=
| age=399
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| parentage=[[Tar-Elendil]]
| siblings=[[Silmariën]] and [[Isilmë]]
| spouse=[[Almarian]]
| children=[[Tar-Aldarion]] (Anardil), [[Ailinel]] and [[Almiel]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Tar-Meneldur''' was the fifth [[King of Númenor]].

== History ==
Meneldur's birth name was ''Írimon''.<ref name=Tar-Meneldur/> He was the only son of [[Tar-Elendil]] and had two older sisters, [[Silmariën]] and [[Isilmë]].<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, first paragraph</ref> At this time, [[Númenóreans]] began to sail eastwards and in {{SA|600}} the [[Captain of the King's Ships]], [[Vëantur]], reached the [[Grey Havens]].<ref name="Wife"/>

His great passion was stargazing and learning all he could about the Heavens from the lore of [[Elves]] and [[Men]]. To study the movements of the stars, he built a tower in the [[Forostar]], the northernmost part of Númenor, since the sky was clearer there than anywhere else on the isle he also received the title [[Elentirmo]].<ref name="Númenor">{{UT|Numenor}}</ref> Although Meneldur was not interested in the sea,<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, second paragraph</ref> he married [[Almarian]], the daughter of Vëantur.<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, third paragraph</ref> Together they had three children, a son [[Anardil of Númenor|Anardil]] and two daughters, [[Ailinel]] and [[Almiel]], all born before Meneldur became king in {{SA|740}}.<ref name=earlier>{{UT|earlier}}</ref>

As the eldest son, but the youngest child of [[Tar-Elendil]], Tar-Meneldur received the [[Sceptre of Númenor]] due to the old law of royal [[Law of Succession in Númenor|succession]] that existed at that time.<ref name="Wife"/> Meneldur only left the tower when he inherited the Sceptre, but even after becoming King his interest in the stars did not cease.<ref name="Wife">{{UT|Wife}}</ref>

Meneldur's son Anardil grew swiftly and became known as [[Tar-Aldarion|Aldarion]]. Like his grandfather Vëantur, Aldarion became enamoured of the sea: in {{SA|725}} Vëantur invited Aldarion to sail with him to [[Middle-earth]]; to this plan Meneldur gave his reluctant consent. When the voyagers returned in {{SA|727|n}} Meneldur's joy was great, but soon his son begged leave to sail again. Two more long voyages followed in {{SA|730|n}} and {{SA|735|n}}. However, when Tar-Elendil relinquished the Sceptre to Tar-Meneldur in {{SA|740|n}}, Aldarion remained at home for awhile for the comfort of his father.<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, fifteenth paragraph</ref>

After a time the sea-longing came upon Aldarion anew. He formed a [[Guild of Venturers]] and left [[Armenelos]] to reside on his ship [[Eämbar]]. Then Tar-Meneldur looked coldly upon the sea-enterprises of his son, believing that they engendered restlessness and a desire for dominion over other lands. Father and son became estranged but Almarian supported Aldarion and thus Tar-Meneldur let matters proceed unhindered. Tar-Meneldur did try to curb his son's activities by prohibiting the cutting of trees for shipbuilding, but this only resulted in Aldarion's seeking lumber in Middle-earth.

In {{SA|800}}, Tar-Meneldur commanded his son to cease voyaging, for Aldarion was of an age (one hundred years old) to be proclaimed the King's Heir. The two were then reconciled, for a time. However, six years later Aldarion sought and obtained Tar-Meneldur's grudging leave to go to sea again. At the same time Almarian and Tar-Meneldur were encouraging Aldarion to marry, and in the Queen's household there was one, [[Erendis]], who attracted the prince’s attention. Although Aldarion did fall in love with Erendis it did not prevent him from sailing again. When he returned from this journey Tar-Meneldur forbade his son from leaving, yet Aldarion did so in defiance of the King. Hard upon his return Aldarion left for a twenty-year voyage which disquieted the King.

Tar-Meneldur rejoiced when Aldarion and Erendis were finally betrothed in {{SA|858}}, yet they were not married until {{SA|870|n}} after Aldarion had gone on yet another sea venture. Aldarion and Erendis' marriage proved to be unhappy and only produced one child, their daughter [[Tar-Ancalimë|Ancalimë]].

In {{SA|882}}, Aldarion brought [[Gil-galad's letter|a letter]] from King [[Gil-galad]] to Tar-Meneldur. In it the King of the Elves warned Tar-Meneldur that a new shadow was arisen in the East and beseeched him for aid. From this letter Tar-Meneldur learned that his son had aided the Elves and knew much of what these matters portended. Recognizing that his son was better equipped to handle this menace, Tar-Meneldur resolved to resign the Sceptre to his son; this he did in the year {{SA|883|n}}.<ref name="Wife"/>

Tar-Meneldur passed the Sceptre to his son long before due time. He lived for 59 more years before he died in {{SA|942}}.<ref name=Tar-Meneldur/>

== Etymology ==
''Meneldur'' is Quenya. Its meaning is not glossed, but as Paul Strack explains, it means "Servant of the Heavens", being a compound of ''[[menel]]'' ("the heavens") + ''[[-ndur|-(n)dur]]'' ("servant").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=http://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-2889208485.html|articlename=Q. ''Meneldur'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=13 December 2021}}</ref> He took this royal name because of his love of starlore.<ref name=Tar-Meneldur/> Like all the rulers of Númenor who took their royal names in Quenya, Meneldur added the prefix ''tar-'' ("high") to his name when he received the [[Sceptre of Númenor|Sceptre]].<ref>{{UT|Kings}}, first paragraph and entry I to XXV</ref>

== Other names ==
His birthname '''''Írimon''''' is [[Quenya]]. Paul Strack says that the elements are difficult to discern but it might be ''[[írë]]'' ("desire") + a variant of the agental suffix ''[[-mo]]''.<ref name=Irimon>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=http://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-1672777773.html|articlename=Q. ''Írimon'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=13 December 2021}}</ref>

'''''Elentirmo''''' is Quenya for "Star-watcher".<ref>{{UT|Index}}, entry ''*Elentirmo''</ref><ref>{{UT|4a}}, note 1</ref> As Paul Strack suggests it is a compound of ''[[elen]]'' ("star") + otherwise unattested ''tirmo'' ("watcher").<ref name=Elentirmo>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=http://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-3892061093.html|articlename=Q. ''Elentirmo'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=13 December 2021}}</ref> The noun ''tirmo'' is formed from the verb ''[[tir]]'' ("to watch") with the agental suffix ''[[-mo]]'' ("one", "anyone", "someone", "somebody").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=http://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-2917923381.html|articlename=Q. ''#tirmo'' n.|website=Eldamo|accessed=13 December 2021}}</ref>

Gil-galad's letter refers to him as a "'''[[High King]]'''",<ref name="Wife"/> whereas no other King of Númenor is mentioned to have this status. It possibly implies an overlordship of the King of Númenor not only on his island, but also the Númenórean colonists of Middle-earth.

== Genealogy ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | AMA | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |AMA=[[Tar-Amandil]] ''{{SA|192|n}} - {{SA|603|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | ELE | | | | | | VEA | | | | | | | | EAR | | MAI |ELE=[[Tar-Elendil]] ''{{SA|350|n}} - {{SA|751|n}}''|VEA=[[Vëantur]] ''b. {{SA|451|n}}''|EAR=[[Eärendur (son of Tar-Amandil)|Eärendur]] ''b. {{SA|361|n}}''|MAI=[[Mairen]] ''b. {{SA|377|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | ELA |y| SIL | | ISI | | MEN |y| ALM | | | | | | | | CAL | | | | |ELA=[[Elatan]] ''unknown''|SIL=[[Silmariën]] ''b. {{SA|521|n}}''|ISI=[[Isilmë]] ''b. {{SA|532|n}}''|MEN='''TAR-MENELDUR''' ''{{SA|543|n}} - {{SA|942|n}}''|ALM=[[Almarian]] ''unknown''|CAL=[[Caliondo]] ''{{SA|512|n}} - {{SA|900|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | VAL | | ERE |y| ALD | | AIL |y| ORC | | ALM | | MAL | | | | |VAL=[[Valandil (Lord of Andúnië)|Valandil]] ''b. {{SA|630|n}}''|ERE=[[Erendis]] ''{{SA|771|n}} - {{SA|985|n}}''|ALD=[[Tar-Aldarion]] ''{{SA|700|n}} - {{SA|1098|n}}''|AIL=[[Ailinel]] ''b. {{SA|712|n}}''|ORC=[[Orchaldor]] ''unknown''|ALM=[[Almiel]] ''b. {{SA|729|n}}''|MAL=[[Malantur]] ''b. {{SA|670|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |:| | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | AND | | | | ANC | | | | | | SOR | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |AND=[[Lords of Andúnië|''Lords of Andúnië'']]|ANC=[[Tar-Ancalimë]] ''{{SA|873|n}} - {{SA|1285|n}}''|SOR=[[Soronto]] ''b. {{SA|799|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=numenorean
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| born={{SA|543}}
| died={{SA|942}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=[[Tar-Elendil]]
| list=5th [[King of Númenor]]
| dates={{SA|740}} - {{SA|883|n}}
| next=[[Tar-Aldarion]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

{{numenorkings}}
{{numenor}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:TarMeneldur}}
[[Category:House of Elros]]
[[Category:Rulers of Númenor]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]

[[de:Tar-Meneldur]]
[[fi:Tar-Meneldur]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/hommes/2a/numenoreens/tar-meneldur]]

Hallatan

2022-09-17T20:02:39Z

Tuorist:

{{numenorean infobox
| name=Hallatan
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=Lord of [[Hyarastorni]]
| position=
| location=[[Númenor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Adûnaic]] and [[Sindarin]]
| birth={{SA|711}}
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=unknown (aged 141+)
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| parentage=[[Cemendur (son of Axantur)|Cemendur]]
| siblings=[[Írildë]]
| spouse=
| children=[[Nessanië]] and [[Hallacar]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Hallatan''' was the second child and only son of [[Cemendur (son of Axantur)|Cemendur]], a minor noble of [[Númenor]]. He was recorded as owning land in the region of [[Hyarastorni]], near the borders of [[Emerië]].

Hallatan was respected by the people of [[Mittalmar]] and represented the region in the [[Council of the Sceptre]].<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, Note 23</ref> He was one of the few Council members who supported [[Tar-Meneldur]] in his decision to forfeit the sceptre to his son [[Aldarion]], partly because of his high esteem for the king's son<ref>{{UT|Wife}}</ref>. Later, he served as the first [[Regent of Gondor|Regent of Númenor]] when [[Tar-Aldarion]] traveled to Middle-earth in 883 or 884.<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, p. 216</ref>

Hallatan would become a member of the royal family when his son married [[Tar-Ancalimë]], the first [[Ruling Queen of Númenor]].<ref>{{UT|earlier}}</ref> Due to his ownership of herds of sheep Hallatan acquired the epithet "Sheep-lord".<ref>{{UT|Index}}, ''Hallatan''</ref>

==Etymology==
''Hallatan'' is a [[Quenya]] name. Its meaning is not glossed, but Paul Strack suggests it means "Tall Man" from ''[[halla]]'' ("tall") and ''[[Atani|Atan]]'' ("[[Man]]").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-2823336653.html|articlename=Q. ''Hallatan'' m.|website=Eldamo|accessed=18 January 2022}}</ref>

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | VAR | | | | | |VAR=[[Vardamir|Vardamir Nólimon]] ''{{SA|61}} - {{SA|471|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| | | |}}
{{familytree | AMA | | | | NOL | | |AMA=[[Tar-Amandil]] ''{{SA|192|n}} - {{SA|603|n}}''|NOL=[[Nolondil]] ''b. {{SA|222|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | ELE | | | | AXA | | |ELE=[[Tar-Elendil]] ''{{SA|350|n}} - {{SA|751|n}}''|YAV=[[Yávien]] ''b. {{SA|371|n}}''|ORO=[[Oromendil]] ''b. {{SA|382|n}}''|AXA=[[Axantur]] ''b. {{SA|395|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | MEN | | | | CEM | | |MEN=[[Tar-Meneldur]] ''{{SA|543|n}} - {{SA|942|n}}''|LIN=[[Lindissë]] ''b. {{SA|551|n}}''|ARD=[[Ardamir (son of Axantur)|Ardamir]] ''b. {{SA|562|n}}''|CEM=[[Cemendur (son of Axantur)|Cemendur]] ''b. {{SA|575|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | ALD | | IRI | | HAL |ALD=[[Tar-Aldarion]] ''{{SA|700|n}} - {{SA|1098|n}}''|IRI=[[Írildë]] ''b. {{SA|700|n}}''|HAL='''HALLATAN''' ''b. {{SA|711|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|(| |}}
{{familytree | ANC | | NES | | HAL |ANC=[[Tar-Ancalimë]] ''{{SA|873|n}} - {{SA|1285|n}}''|NES=[[Nessanië]] ''b. {{SA|840|n}}''|HAL=[[Hallacar]] ''{{SA|852|n}} - {{SA|1211|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |L|~|~|~|y|~|~|~|J| |}}
{{familytree | | | | | ANA | | | | |ANA=[[Tar-Anárion]] ''{{SA|1003|n}} - {{SA|1404|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

{{References}}
[[Category:House of Elros]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]

[[de:Hallatan]]
[[fi:Hallatan]]

Clamavi De Profundis

2022-09-14T18:21:34Z

Tuorist: logo&infobox

{{band
| image=[[File:Clamavi de profundis.png|Clamavi de Profundis logo]]
| name=Clamavi De Profundis
| origin=
| genre=classical
| years=
| label=
| website=
| members=
| formermembers=
}}

Clamavi de Profundis is a music group inspired by religious and classical music but expanding beyond those genres as well. They compose their own music and also perform classic songs. Their music is usually placed on their YouTube channel. Clamavi de Profundis' music is most often either Christian hymns or fantasy music inspired by Tolkien and other modern fantasy writers. They have a particular focus on fantasy dwarves with many of their songs being based on the stories around them. They also often perform songs and poems written by [[J. R. R. Tolkien]], but with their own musical compositions<ref>https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Music/ClamaviDeProfundis</ref>.

==External Links==
[https://www.youtube.com/c/ClamaviDeProfundis Official Youtube Page]

{{references}}
[[Category:Bands]]

File:Clamavi de profundis.png

2022-09-14T18:15:17Z

Tuorist: Clamavi De Profundis (band) logo

== Summary ==
Clamavi De Profundis (band) logo

Clamavi De Profundis

2022-09-14T18:09:37Z

Tuorist: Created page with "Clamavi de Profundis is a music group inspired by religious and classical music but expanding beyond those genres as well. They compose their own music and also perform classi..."

Clamavi de Profundis is a music group inspired by religious and classical music but expanding beyond those genres as well. They compose their own music and also perform classic songs. Their music is usually placed on their YouTube channel. Clamavi de Profundis' music is most often either Christian hymns or fantasy music inspired by Tolkien and other modern fantasy writers. They have a particular focus on fantasy dwarves with many of their songs being based on the stories around them. They also often perform songs and poems written by [[J. R. R. Tolkien]], but with their own musical compositions<ref>https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Music/ClamaviDeProfundis</ref>.

==External Links==
[https://www.youtube.com/c/ClamaviDeProfundis Official Youtube Page]

{{references}}
[[Category:Bands]]

Lind Erebros

2022-09-14T17:47:19Z

Tuorist: ref.

Lind Erebros is the russian band, that composed music thematically tied to material from [[Silmarillion]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/c/LindErebrosMusic</ref>

==Albums==
* Rebirth of Light<ref>https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLfOlldQ9WkfrGM8H-1gmv4uPdbAHVKMog</ref>
* Noldolante<ref>https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLfOlldQ9WkfrJhFFnadG6rXAj-mM0qzX7</ref>
* Lay of Leithian<ref>https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLfOlldQ9WkfrGTZWonanb0jW789HNXb7k</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Bands]]

Lind Erebros

2022-09-14T17:45:45Z

Tuorist: cat.

Lind Erebros

2022-09-13T00:17:04Z

Tuorist: Created page with "Lind Erebros is the russian band, that composed music thematically tied to material from Silmarillion.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/c/LindErebrosMusic</ref> ==Albums== * R..."

Elves

2022-09-06T16:04:48Z

Tuorist: source

{{sources}}
{{race infobox
| name=Elves
| image=[[File:Janka Latečková - Vanyar.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Vanyar" by [[:Category:Images by Janka Latečková|Janka Latečková]]
| pronun=
| othernames=People of the Stars, Firstborn, Elder Children of Ilúvatar
| origin=Firstborn of the [[Children of Ilúvatar|Children]] of [[Ilúvatar]]
| location=[[Cuiviénen]], [[Tirion]], [[Taniquetil]], [[Formenos]], [[Alqualondë]], [[Tol Eressëa]], [[Doriath]], [[Falas]], [[Hithlum]], [[Ossiriand]], [[Vinyamar]], [[Nargothrond]], [[Gondolin]], [[Edhellond]], [[Mouths of Sirion]], [[Isle of Balar]], [[Lindon]], [[Eldalondë]], [[Eregion]], [[Lothlórien]], [[Rivendell]], [[Mirkwood]], [[Ithilien]]
| affiliation=
| rivalry=[[Orcs]], [[Dwarves]]
| language=Various [[Elvish]] languages, most notably [[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]; [[Westron]]
| people=[[Vanyar]], [[Noldor]], [[Teleri]], [[Sindar]], [[Nandor]], [[Silvan Elves|Silvan]], [[Falmari]], [[Avari]]
| members=[[Ingwë]], [[Thingol]], [[Finwë]], [[Fëanor]], [[Fingolfin]], [[Gil-galad]], [[Galadriel]], [[Finrod]], [[Sons of Fëanor]], [[Lúthien]], [[Fingon]], [[Turgon]], [[Idril]], [[Maeglin]], [[Círdan]], [[Celeborn]], [[Celebrimbor]]
| lifespan=[[Arda]]'s existence; near [[immortality]]
| distinctions=
| height=Tall
| skin=Pale<ref>{{App|F2}}</ref>, occasionally ruddy
| hair=Blond, black, brown, red, and occasionally silver
| clothing=
| weapons=Typically swords and bows
}}
{{quote|But the Quendi shall be the fairest of all earthly creatures, and they shall have and shall conceive and bring forth more beauty than all my Children; and they shall have the greater bliss in this world|[[Ilúvatar]] in ''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Beginning of Days]]"}}
The '''Elves''' (''[[Quendi]]'') were the first of the races of the [[Children of Ilúvatar]], known also as the [[Firstborn]] for that reason. The Elves are distinguished from the other two races, the [[Men]] and the [[Dwarves]], especially by the fact of their near [[immortality]].

==History==
===Awakening===
{{main|Awakening of the Elves}}

[[File:Ted Nasmith - The Dawn of the Firstborn Elves.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''The Dawn of the Firstborn Elves'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]] About the same time that [[Varda]], Queen of the [[Valier]], ended her labours in creating the [[Stars]], the Elves awoke beside the lake [[Cuiviénen]]. The first things they saw were the stars, and henceforth they adored them. The first sound they heard was the flowing of water, the noise and splash of water on the stones. And henceforth they loved water as well.

They made speech then, and called themselves the ''[[Quendi]]''. [[Morgoth|Melkor]] was the first to be aware of them, and he caused evil spirits to go about among them. When one or a small group wandered abroad, they would often vanish. It is believed that Melkor may have created [[Orcs]] with the elves he captured.

[[Oromë]], the Huntsman of the [[Valar]], happened upon them when he heard their singing far-off. He was amazed to see them, and called them the ''Eldar'', "People of the Stars".

===Sundering===
{{main|Sundering of the Elves}}

[[File:Anke Eißmann - Oromë espies the first Elves.jpg |thumb|right|250px|''Oromë espies the first Elves'' by [[Anke Eißmann]]]] Though at first the Quendi were afraid of Oromë, the noblest among them saw that he was no dark horseman, as the lies of Melkor claimed. He had the light of [[Aman]] in his eyes and face, and they were drawn to him.

After spending a while among the Quendi, Oromë returned to [[Valinor]] and took council with the other Valar and Valier. At the counsel of [[Ilúvatar]], [[Manwë]], King of the Valar, decided that they must go to war against Melkor to protect the Quendi from him, beginning the [[Battle of the Powers]]. After a great battle and a siege against [[Utumno]], which reshaped the earth itself, Melkor was bound and cast into the prison of [[Mandos]]. Then the Valar, pleased with the outcome, summoned the Elves to Valinor, seeking fellowship with them, they were captivated by the beauty of the elves.

At Oromë's urging, many of the Elves (especially the kindreds of [[Ingwë]], [[Finwë]], and [[Elwë]]) agreed. But others, henceforth called the [[Avari]], declared that they preferred starlight and the wide spaces of [[Middle-earth]]. So the Elves were first sundered. During the journey to [[Belegaer]], gradually the number of the Elves began to lessen as various groups dropped away. Some of the [[Teleri]] (kindred of Elwë) refused to cross the [[Misty Mountains]], and settled in [[Anduin]] under the leadership of [[Lenwë]], to be called later the [[Nandor]]. Elwë then went missing, and in dismay the rest of the Teleri remained behind, while the [[Noldor]] (kindred of Finwë) and [[Vanyar]] (kindred of Ingwë) used an island as a ship, and found at last Aman and Valinor.

After several years, Oromë returned to search for the Teleri. Some, under [[Olwë]], relented and followed. Others remained to continue to search for Elwë. Still others, under [[Círdan]], remained because in that time they had become devoted to [[Ossë]] and the Sea. Those Teleri that chose to remain were called the [[Sindar]]. Elwë, who had fallen asleep due to his enchantment with [[Melian]], returned to claim lordship and establish them in [[Doriath]]. The Noldor and some of the Teleri, however, built the great cities of [[Tirion]] and [[Alqualondë]] (respectively) in Aman. The Vanyar dwelt in [[Valmar]], for they were closest to the Valar of the kindreds.

===Exile of the Noldor===
{{main|Exile of the Noldor}}

[[File:Jenny Dolfen - The Coming of Fingolfin.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''The Coming of Fingolfin'' by [[Jenny Dolfen]]]] Melkor, having been released on the promise of good behavior, spread lies about the Valar among the Noldor. [[Fëanor]], the eldest son of Finwë and one of the greatest Elves to have ever lived, hated Melkor more than all the other Noldor, but was paradoxically one of the most influenced by his lies. He forged weapons, and his greatest works, the [[Silmarils]], captured the light of the [[Two Trees]] – and his own heart. After Melkor stole the Silmarils and killed Finwë, Fëanor stirred the Noldor to open disobedience to the Valar. In an epic journey filled with treachery, death, and deceit, the Noldor entered in to Exile, crossing over into [[Beleriand]].

===Battles of Beleriand===
{{main|Battles of Beleriand}}

There were five great battles fought in Beleriand. The [[First Battle]] was the result of an attack by Melkor on Círdan and Elwë (now known as [[Thingol]]). Though the Elves managed to resist the attack successfully, this left Melkor essentially with full reign of Beleriand. Upon the sudden and unanticipated [[Return of the Noldor]], the tables were reversed in the [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]]. The third battle (“[[Dagor Aglareb]]”) occurred when Melkor tried unsuccessfully to destroy the Elves, breaking forth from [[Angband]]. This only resulted in the vigilant [[Siege of Angband]]. Morgoth was more successful in the next battle, [[Dagor Bragollach]], which ended in the deaths of many Elven princes, among them [[Fingolfin]], [[High King of the Noldor]]. The siege was broken. Several decades later, [[Maedhros]], eldest son of Fëanor, counterattacked in the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]]. Although at first very successful, the tide turned against the Elves, and ended in the destruction of [[Hithlum]]. It was not half a century later that [[Gondolin]], the last real stronghold of the Noldor, was [[Fall of Gondolin|destroyed]]. [[Doriath]], the centre of the [[Sindar]]in realm, was sacked by [[Dwarves]].[[File:Ted Nasmith - Eärendil and the Battle of Eagles and Dragons.jpg|left|150px|thumb|''Eärendil and The Battle of Eagles and Dragons'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]

===Salvation===
{{main|War of Wrath}}

With the near destruction of the Elves, the last survivors were at the [[Mouths of Sirion]] and [[Isle of Balar|Balar]] and were led by Gil-galad and Círdan. Among them was [[Eärendil]], the son of [[Tuor]] and [[Idril]]. Eärendil made a miraculous voyage to [[Valinor]] to beg the pardon of the Valar. His request was granted. The Valar came across the Sea to [[Middle-earth]], and in the [[War of Wrath]] thrust Morgoth into the [[Void]] and purged Beleriand. They offered to let the Elves return with them to Valinor; some accepted, but many others, under [[Gil-galad]], chose to remain.

===Decline===

[[File:Angus McBride - Celebrimbor.gif|thumb|right|150px|''Celebrimbor'' by [[Angus McBride]]]] Though Morgoth was gone to trouble the world no longer, [[Sauron]], his greatest servant, was still there, and he made war on the remaining Elves who chose not to depart Middle-earth throughout the [[Second Age|Second]] and [[Third Age]]s.

During this time the Elves realized how [[Men]] were rising to take their place, and Sauron exploited their longing for the Undying Lands. [[Annatar]] corrupted [[Celebrimbor]], the grandson of Fëanor, to make the [[Rings of Power]], with the [[Three Rings]] being created specifically to preserve the Elves against the ravages of time. Annatar was a guise of Sauron who also forged a ring – [[the One Ring]]. However the Elves realised the deception and defied Sauron, who then [[War of the Elves and Sauron|waged War against them]]. In the following centuries Elves continued to heed the invitation of the Valar, desire the Sea and depart for the Undying Lands. Realms such as [[Dol Amroth]] were deserted and gave their place to Men.

It was not until the end of the Third Age that the One Ring was destroyed, marring the Three Rings at the same time. In the years that followed the last of the Elves departed across the Sea to Valinor, their mission against Sauron complete, never to return.

Well into the [[Fourth Age]] and the [[Dominion of Men]], most Elves apparently had left the [[Westlands]], with most populations remaining at least in [[Mirkwood]] and [[Lindon]]. [[Rivendell]] and [[Lothlórien]] appeared abandoned around the time of [[King Elessar]]'s and [[Arwen]]'s death.<ref name=AppTale>{{App|Tale}}</ref> The [[Last Ship]] of the Elves, carrying [[Cirdan]] and [[Celeborn]],<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref> apparently sailed early in the [[Fourth Age]].<ref name=AppTale/>

The remaining Elves in [[Middle-earth]] eventually faded, as their spirits overwhelmed and consumed their bodies. At the end of the world, all Elves will have become invisible to mortal eyes, known as ''Lingerers'', except to those to whom they wish to manifest themselves.<ref>{{MR|Laws}}</ref> [[Ilúvatar]] had not revealed the role of the Elves after [[the End]].<ref>{{S|1}}</ref>

==Life and customs==
:''Main articles: ''[[Elven characteristics]], [[Elven life cycle]], and [[Elven customs]]''

Besides being considered more beautiful than men, Elves were also generally taller. Their hair colour varied; but the basic rules were that the [[Noldor]] generally had dark hair (brown or black), the [[Vanyar]] golden, and the [[Teleri]] silver or dark. Their eyes are usually described as grey or blue.
[[File:Elena Kukanova - A child of the Elder Race.jpg|thumb|''A child of the Elder Race'' by Elena Kukanova]]
Their lives were counted to begin at conception rather than birth, and though their minds sharpened much earlier in life than in the race of Men, their bodies grew more slowly. They were considered fully-grown at about a century. They married usually only once in their lives, and their children were often few and far-between.

Their most distinguishing characteristic from the [[Mortals|Mortal]] races was the fact that they were invulnerable to age or disease; unless they were killed by sword or sorrow, they would live to the end of the world. Unlike Men whose [[fëar]] (spirits) left Arda when their bodies died, Elves' fëar were bound to Arda until its ending. If an Elf's hröa (body) died, its fëa would be summoned to the [[Halls of Mandos]], where the Valar could re-embody the Elf in a hröa that was identical to the Elf's previous hröa. However, if an Elf committed evil acts during their lifetime and refused to repent, the Valar could delay the Elf's re-embodiment, impose conditions on it, or refuse it altogether.<ref name=P4i>{{MR|P4i}}, p. 339</ref><ref>{{PM|Last}}, pp. 380, 389</ref> An Elf could refuse the summons to Mandos or choose to remain disembodied,<ref name=P4i></ref><ref>{{PM|XI2}}, p. 334</ref> but the Elf's houseless fëa would still be unable to leave Arda.

==Arts, crafts, powers and magic==
{{Main|Magic}}
Other races often spoke of 'Elf magic', or of objects made by Elves as if they contained enchantments. It is unclear how accurate it is to call Elvish arts and crafts 'magic' or 'enchanted'. Elves themselves only used these words when attempting to simplify or clarify how elvish-made things seemed to have a special quality that no other races were able to achieve. Powerful Elves seemed to have control over nature and the elements, their clothes seemed to shine with their own light, their blades seemed to never lose their sharpness. Less educated folks could not explain these effects, so they simply called them 'magic'.

Elf-minstrels had the gift to make visions of the things they sung before their audiences.<Ref>{{App|Tale}}</ref>

==Major divisions==
{{familytree/start|align=center}}
{{familytree | | | | | | |QUE| | | | | | | | | | | | QUE=[[Quendi]] All Elves }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| | | | | }}
{{familytree | | | | | | |ELD| | | || AVA| | | | | | ELD=[[Eldar]] West-elves|AVA=[[Avari]] The Unwilling }}
{{familytree | | |,|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | }}
{{familytree | |VAN| | |NOL| | |TEL| | | | | | | | | VAN=[[Vanyar]] Fair-elves|NOL=[[Noldor]] Deep-elves|TEL=[[Teleri]] The Hindmost }}
{{familytree | | | | |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| |!| | | | | | | | | }}
{{familytree | | | |AMA| | | |EXI|!| | | | | | | | | | | AMA=Amanyar Noldor Noldor of [[Aman]]|EXI=[[Exile of the Noldor|Etyañgoldi]] Exiled Noldor }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|.| | | | }}
{{familytree | | | | | | |FAL| | |SIN| | |NAN| | | | | | FAL=[[Falmari]] Sea-elves of [[Aman]]|SIN=[[Sindar]] Grey-elves of [[Beleriand]]|NAN=[[Nandor]] Followers of [[Lenwë]] }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | |LAQ| | | |SIL| | LAQ=[[Laiquendi]] Green-elves of [[Ossiriand]]|SIL=[[Silvan Elves]] Wood-elves }}
{{familytree/end}}

When Oromë invited the Elves to Valinor, those who followed him on the Great Journey were called the Eldar,<ref name=B>{{WJ|B}}</ref>{{rp|374}} while those who refused were called the Avari.<ref name=S3>{{S|3}}</ref> The Eldar were divided into three clans−the Vanyar, the Noldor, and the Teleri.<ref name=S3 /> All of the Vanyar and Noldor reached Aman. Two groups of Teleri abandoned the Great Journey: the Nandor, who came to live in the [[Vale of Anduin]],<ref name=S3 /> and the Sindar, who remained in Beleriand.<ref>{{S|4}}</ref> The Nandor eventually split into the Laiquendi, who migrated into Beleriand and settled in [[Ossiriand]], and the Silvan Elves, who established realms in [[Mirkwood]] and [[Lothlórien]]. Those Teleri who completed the Great Journey and settled in Aman were called the Falmari.<ref name=S3 /> Those Noldor who later returned to Middle-earth in exile were called the ''Etyañgoldi''.<ref name=B>{{WJ|B}}</ref>{{rp|374}}

==Languages==
{{main|Elvish}}

[[File:Donato Giancola - Lore.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|''Lore'' by [[Donato Giancola]]]]
The term ''quendi'' refers to all Elves, meaning "speakers", calling themselves so at Cuiviénen before having contact with any other race<ref name=B>{{WJ|B}}</ref>{{rp|372}} as they were the first speaking beings. Their ancient language was divided in other languages and dialects after their sundering.

The Elves also invented the [[Cirth]] and [[Tengwar]] scripts to write them.
*'''[[Primitive Quendian]]'''
**'''[[Avarin]]'''
***'''Various Avarin languages''' (some later merged with Nandorin)
**'''[[Common Eldarin]]''' (the early language of all the [[Eldar]] of the Great Journey)
***'''[[Quenya]]''' (the language of the [[Noldor]] and the [[Vanyar]])
****''' ''[[Quendya]]'' (also ''Vanyarin Quenya'') ''' (daily tongue of the Vanyar: closest to archaic Quenya)
****''' ''Noldorin Quenya'' (also ''[[Exilic Quenya]]'') ''' (the "Elven Latin" of Middle-earth)
***'''[[Common Telerin]]''' (the early language of all the [[Lindar]])
****'''[[Telerin]]''' (the language of the [[Falmari]] who reached the [[Undying Lands]])
****'''[[Nandorin]]''' (languages of the [[Nandor]] — some were influenced by Avarin)
*****'''Original language of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]]'''
*****'''Original language of [[Lothlórien|Lórinand]]'''
****'''[[Sindarin]]''' (language of the [[Sindar]])
*****'''[[Doriathrin]]''' (dialect of [[Doriath]])
*****'''[[Falathrin]]''' (dialect of the [[Falas]] and [[Nargothrond]])
*****'''[[North Sindarin]]''' (dialects of [[Dorthonion]] and [[Hithlum]])
******'''[[Gondor Sindarin]]''' (dialect of [[Gondor]])

==Inspiration==
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Beleg.jpg|thumb|right|Detail of a [[:File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Fangorn Forest.jpg|drawing]] with [[Beleg]], a rare depiction of an Elf made by Tolkien]]
===Languages===
[[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] developed the Elves (and his whole [[legendarium]]) to serve as a setting for his languages that he constructed according to his [[lámatyávë|personal sense of beauty]]. His Elven languages are of special interest to many Tolkien scholars. His most developed are [[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]], along with more obscure dialects for which he invented (at best) a small vocabulary, usually in earlier stages of his creation.

===Germanic influence===
In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', a diminutive fairy-like race of elves had once been a great and mighty people who had "diminished" as Men took over the world.<ref name="bolt1" /><ref>{{HM|LT2}}</ref><ref name="Fimi">[[Dimitra Fimi]], [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2386/is_2_117/ai_n16676591 "Mad" Elves and "elusive beauty": some Celtic strands of Tolkien's mythology] in ''Folklore'', vol. 117, iss. 2, August 2006, pp. 156–170</ref> They were influenced by the [[Wikipedia:Elf|Elves]] of Northern European mythologies, especially the god-like and human-sized ''[[Wikipedia:Light elf|Ljósálfar]]'' of Norse mythology,<ref>[[Tom Shippey]], ''[[The Road to Middle-earth]]''</ref> also appearing in medieval works such as ''[[Sir Orfeo]]'', the Welsh [[Pwyll Prince of Dyved|Mabinogion]], [[The Fall of Arthur|Arthurian romances]] and the legends of the [[Wikipedia:Tuatha Dé Danann|Tuatha Dé Danann]].<ref name="Anderson1">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]] and [[Douglas A. Anderson]] (ed.), ''[[The Annotated Hobbit]]'', p. 120</ref>

Terry Gunnell also claims that the relationship between beautiful ships and the Elves is reminiscent of Njörðr and Skíðblaðni, Freyr's ship.<ref name="Articles"/>

===Celtic influence===
Tolkien expressed a dislike in Celtic legends and denied that his legendarium is "Celtic",<ref>{{HM|Bio}}, p. 26</ref> however it is believed that Celtic Mythology had a great influence on Tolkien's writings on Elves <ref>[[John Garth]], ''[[Tolkien and the Great War]]'', p. 222</ref><ref name="Articles">Terry Gunnell, "[http://www.hi.is/Apps/WebObjects/HI.woa/wa/dp?detail=1004509&name=nordals_en_greinar_og_erindi ''Tívar'' in a Timeless Land: Tolkien's Elves]" conference lecture delivered on 13 September 2002</ref> and some of the stories Tolkien wrote as their 'legends' are directly influenced by it.<ref name="Fimi"/> For example, the [[Noldor]] are based on the Tuatha Dé Danann in the ''Lebor Gabála Érenn'', and their migratory nature comes from early Irish/Celtic history.<ref name="Fimi"/> John Garth has also referenced the Tuatha Dé Danann in suggesting Tolkien was essentially rewriting Irish fairy traditions.

Tolkien also retains the usage of the Celtic and popular term 'fairy' for the same creatures.<ref>[[Marjorie J. Burns]], ''Perilous Realms: Celtic and Norse in Tolkien's Middle-earth'', p. 22</ref> The Elves are also called fair folk (based on [[Welsh]] ''Tylwyth teg'' 'the beautiful kindred' = fairies)<ref>{{HM|N}}, p. 757 cf. "Fair folk"</ref> although they are unrelated to fairies.

===Eschatology===
The larger Elves are also inspired by Tolkien's [[Christianity|Christian theology]] — as representing the state of Men in Eden who have not yet "[[Wikipedia:Fall of Man|fallen]]" — similar to humans but fairer and wiser, with greater spiritual powers, keener senses, and a closer empathy with nature, freed from human limitations, immortal, with wills directly effective for the achievement of imagination and desire.<ref name="Carpenter"/>

===Fairies===
Traditional "Victorian" dancing [[fairies]] and elves appear in Tolkien's early poetry,<ref name = "bolt1">{{HM|LT1}}</ref> and have influence upon his later works<ref>[[Dimitra Fimi]], "[http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/english/working_with_english/Fimi_31_05_06.pdf Come sing ye light fairy things tripping so gay: Victorian Fairies and the Early Work of J. R. R. Tolkien]". ''Working With English: Medieval and Modern Language, Literature and Drama''. Retrieved 11/01/08</ref> in part due to the influence of a production of J.M. Barrie's ''Peter Pan'' in [[Birmingham]] in 1910<ref name="Carpenter">[[Humphrey Carpenter]], ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography]]''</ref> and his familiarity with the work of Catholic mystic poet, Francis Thompson<ref name="Carpenter" /> whose work Tolkien had acquired in 1914.<ref name="bolt1" />

In ''The Book of Lost Tales'' Tolkien includes both the more serious 'medieval' type of elves such as [[Fëanor]] and [[Turgon]] alongside the frivolous, "Jacobean-era" type of elves such as the [[Solosimpi]] and [[Lúthien|Tinúviel]].<ref name="Anderson1" />

Tolkien also developed the idea of children visiting [[Valinor]] in their sleep. Elves would also visit and comfort chided or upset children at night. This theme was largely abandoned.<ref>{{LT1|I}}</ref>

However after the publication of ''The Lord of the Rings'', Tolkien repeatedly expressed his misgivings concerning the undesirable associations of the name "elf" like those of ''A Midsummer Night's Dream'', the Victorian notions of fairies or mischievous imps, the imaginations of Michael Drayton or the fanciful beings with butterfly wings.

He proposed that in [[translations of The Lord of the Rings|translations]] the "oldest available form of the name" be used for more elevated notions of beings "supposed to possess formidable magical powers in early Teutonic mythology" ([[OED]] viz. the [[Old English]] ''ælf'', from Proto-Germanic ''*albo-z''). Tolkien warned against associations to the debased English notion of ''elfin'' and suggested that Germans would not translate his ''Elves'' as ''Elfen'', which might retain the undesirable images.

He rather suggested words such as ''Alp'' or ''Alb'', historically the more normal form and true cognate of English ''elf''.<ref>{{HM|N}}, p. 756, s.v. "Elven-smiths".</ref> [[Margaret Carroux]] chose the word ''Elben'' (singular ''Elb'') in her translation.

{{references}}
{{elves}}
[[Category:Elves]]
[[Category:Races]]
[[de:Elben]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/elfes]]
[[fi:Haltiat]]

Embracer

2022-08-31T19:19:47Z

Tuorist: child-companies

'''Embracer Group''' is the parent company of businesses developing and publishing games. With its head office based in Karlstad, Sweden, Embracer Group has a global presence through its ten operative groups: THQ Nordic, Plaion, Coffee Stain, Amplifier Game Invest, Saber Interactive, DECA Games, Gearbox Entertainment, Easybrain, Asmodee (the owner of [[Fantasy Flight Games]]<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2014/11/17/fantasy-flight-games-to-merge-into-the-asmodee-group-tm/</ref>), and Dark Horse. The Group has 120 internal game development studios and is engaging more than 12,750 employees and contracted employees in more than 40 countries.<ref name="embracertolkien"></ref>

In [[2022]] they acquired the [[licensing]] rights to ''[[The Hobbit]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' that were previously held by [[Middle-earth Enterprises]].<ref name="embracertolkien">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://embracer.com/release/embracer-group-enters-into-agreement-to-acquire-ip-rights-to-the-lord-of-the-rings-and-the-hobbit-literary-works-by-j-r-r-tolkien/|articlename=EMBRACER GROUP ENTERS INTO AGREEMENT TO ACQUIRE IP RIGHTS TO THE LORD OF THE RINGS AND THE HOBBIT LITERARY WORKS BY J.R.R TOLKIEN|dated=18 August 2022|website=https://embracer.com|accessed=18 August 2022}}</ref>

==External links==
* [https://embracer.com Official website]

{{references}}

[[Category:Businesses]]

The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power

2022-08-31T19:10:23Z

Tuorist: /* Source material and copyrights */

{{currentevent}}
{{disambig-two|the Amazon TV Series|rings created by the Elves|[[Rings of Power]]}}
{{film infobox
| image=[[File:Amazon - The Lord of the Rings - The Rings of Power.png|250px]]
| name=The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power
| director=
| producer=[[J.D. Payne]] and [[Patrick McKay]] (showrunners)
| writer='''Novel:''' [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] '''Screenplay:''' John D. Payne and Patrick McKay
| narrator=
| starring=''[[#Cast and characters|see below]]''
| music=
| cinematography=
| editing=
| distributor=Amazon Prime Video
| released=[[2 September]] [[2022]] (first episode's schedule)
| runtime=
| country=United States, United Kingdom, New Zealand
| language=English
| budget=
| website=[http://www.amazon.com/adlp/lotronprime Official website]
| imdb_id=7631058
}}

'''''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power''''', otherwise known as '''The Lord of the Rings on Prime''', is an upcoming television series and an adaptation of the writings of [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]. It is created and produced by [[Amazon Studios]] working alongside the [[Tolkien Estate]], [[The Tolkien Trust]], [[HarperCollins]] and [[New Line Cinema]]. Set in the [[Second Age]] of [[Middle-earth]],<ref name="AMSA">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1103656946509344768|articlename=Welcome to the Second Age:|dated=7 March 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> it will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien's ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]].''<ref name="AMNZ">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://press.aboutamazon.com/news-releases/news-release-details/amazon-studios-announces-new-zealand-location-its-upcoming|articlename=Amazon Studios Announces New Zealand as Location for Its Upcoming Series Based on The Lord of the Rings|dated=17 September 2019|website=Amazon|accessed=18 September 2019}}</ref> The series is scheduled to be released on [[2 September]] [[2022]].<ref> This also is the day of death of Professor J.R.R. Tolkien.{{webcite|author=@LOTRonPrime|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1422255647106617359|articlename=A new journey beings|dated=2 August 2021|website=Twitter|accessed=2 August 2021}}</ref>

==Premise==
{{blockquote|Amazon Studios' forthcoming series brings to screens for the very first time the heroic legends of the fabled Second Age of Middle-earth's history. This epic drama is set thousands of years before the events of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, and will take viewers back to an era in which great powers were forged, kingdoms rose to glory and fell to ruin, unlikely heroes were tested, hope hung by the finest of threads, and the greatest villain that ever flowed from Tolkien's pen threatened to cover all the world in darkness. Beginning in a time of relative peace, the series follows an ensemble cast of characters, both familiar and new, as they confront the long-feared re-emergence of evil to Middle-earth. From the darkest depths of the Misty Mountains, to the majestic forests of the elf-capital of Lindon, to the breathtaking island kingdom of Númenor, to the furthest reaches of the map, these kingdoms and characters will carve out legacies that live on long after they are gone.|Official synopsis<ref>{{webcite|author=Justin Sewell|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2021/01/12/110065-exclusive-official-show-synopsis-for-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-series/|articlename=EXCLUSIVE: Official Show Synopsis for Amazon’s LORD OF THE RINGS Series|dated=12 January 2021|website=[http://www.theonering.net TheOneRing]|accessed=13 January 2021}}</ref>}}

==Source material and copyrights==
The showrunners said that they wish to "come up with the novel Tolkien never wrote and do it as the mega-event series".<ref name="VanityFair"></ref> They explained that they only have the copyrights to adapt [[The Hobbit]] and [[The Lord of the Rings]] along with it's [[Appendices]], without the rights to [[Silmarillion]], the [[Unfinished Tales]] or other books that contain vast majority of Tolkien's writings on the [[Second Age]].<ref name="VFQuestions"></ref>

==Episodes==
# [[Shadow of the Past (episode)|Shadow of the Past]]<ref name="VanityFair"/>

==Cast and characters==
''In alphabetical order''
{| class="wikitable"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Actor !! Role
|-
| Cynthia Addai-Robinson<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Tar-Míriel|Queen Regent Míriel]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418520400658432|articlename=Cynthia Addai-Robinson is Queen Regent Míriel|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Robert Aramayo]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Elrond]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492167519439925260|articlename=Robert Aramayo is Elrond. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Unknown Actor || [[Durin III|King Durin III]]<ref name="VFQuestions">{{webcite|author=burning questions about amazons the rings of power|articleurl= https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/10-burning-questions-about-amazons-the-rings-of-power |articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series: FAQ|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://www.vanityfair.com/ Vanity Fair]|accessed=16 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Owain Arthur]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Durin IV|Prince Durin IV]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168323051802626|articlename=Owain Arthur is Prince Durin IV. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Maxim Baldry]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Isildur]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417633603059712|articlename=Maxim Baldry is Isildur|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Ian Blackburn<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| [[Nazanin Boniadi]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Bronwyn]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168861403299841|articlename=Nazanin Boniadi is Bronwyn. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Kip Chapman<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| [[Morfydd Clark]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Galadriel]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492167351902609413|articlename=Morfydd Clark is Galadriel. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Ismael Cruz Cordova<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Arondir]] <ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168672051445771|articlename=Ismael Cruz Cordova is Arondir. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Anthony Crum<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Maxine Cunliffe<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| [[Charles Edwards]]<ref name="VFInside">{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/amazon-the-rings-of-power-series-first-look|articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series Rises: Inside The Rings of Power|dated=10 February 2022|website=[https://www.vanityfair.com/ Vanity Fair]|accessed=11 February 2022}}</ref> || [[Celebrimbor]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534220750311174144|articlename=Charles Edwards is Celebrimbor|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Will Fletcher||
|-
| Trystan Gravelle<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Pharazôn]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418058515521537|articlename=Trystan Gravelle is Pharazôn|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Lenny Henry|Sir Lenny Henry]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Sadoc Burrows]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1533945721929420800#m|articlename=Sir Lenny Henry is Sadoc Burrows. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Ema Horvath<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Eärien]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417835961552896|articlename=Ema Horvath is Eärien|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Thusitha Jayasundera<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| [[Markella Kavenagh]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Elanor Brandyfoot|Elanor "Nori" Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253881651937283|articlename=Markella Kavenagh is Elanor ‘Nori’ Brandyfoot|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Joseph Mawle]]<ref name="Meet"/> ||
|-
| Fabian McCallum<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Simon Merrells<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Geoff Morrell<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Waldreg]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/PrimeVideo/status/1559940412114083841|articlename=Get to know the Southlanders in #TheRingsOfPower
|dated=17 August 2022|website=[https://twitter.com/ Twitter]|accessed=17 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Tyroe Muhafidin<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Theo]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://mobile.twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1516457306497581056|articlename=Tyroe Muhafidin is Theo. #LOTRROP #RingsofPower|dated=19 April 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=19 April 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Peter Mullan<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Sophia Nomvete<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Disa|Princess Disa]] <ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168418358874123|articlename=Sophia Nomvete is Princess Disa. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Lloyd Owen<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Elendil]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417424361885696|articlename=Lloyd Owen is Elendil|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Augustus Prew<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Megan Richards<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Poppy Proudfellow]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982703908433920#m|articlename=Megan Richards is Poppy Proudfellow. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Dylan Smith<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Largo Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982400869945344#m|articlename=Dylan Smith is Largo Brandyfoot. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Peter Tait]]<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Alex Tarrant<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Charlie Vickers<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Halbrand]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492169017741778944|articlename=Charlie Vickers is Halbrand. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Leon Wadham<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Kemen (television character)|Kemen]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418271141560321|articlename=Leon Wadham is Kemen|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Benjamin Walker]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Gil-galad|High-King Gil-galad]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253777415098372|articlename=Benjamin Walker is High King Gil-galad|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Daniel Weyman]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[The Stranger]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253972639076352|articlename=Daniel Weyman is The Stranger|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Sara Zwangobani<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Marigold Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982566448533504#m|articlename=Sara Zwangobani is Marigold Brandyfoot. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|}

==Production==
[[File:Amazon - Middle-earth map.jpg|thumb|250px|Fourth map of Middle-earth, released by Amazon on 6 March 2019]]
In November [[2017]], it was reported that Amazon Studios were in discussion with Warner Bros. Television and the [[Tolkien Estate]] about developing a series based on ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<ref>{{webcite|author=Daniel Holloway|articleurl=http://variety.com/2017/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-1202606519/|articlename='Lord of the Rings': Amazon, Warner Bros. in Talks for Series Adaptation (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=3 November 2017|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> Later, in November, Amazon Studios announced they have secured the rights to develop a multi-season television series set in Middle-earth with the potential for spin-offs.<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2017/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-amazon-1202613609/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series Moving Forward at Amazon With Multi-Season Production Commitment|dated=13 November 2017|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=31 July 2019}}</ref> The rights have been said to have cost close to $250 million.<ref name="DLAZ">{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2017/11/amazon-the-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-multi-season-commitment-1202207065/|articlename=Amazon Sets ‘The Lord of the Rings’ TV Series In Mega Deal With Multi-Season Commitment|dated=13 November 2017|website=Deadline|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> Amazon Studios will cooperate with the Tolkien Estate, [[The Tolkien Trust]], [[HarperCollins]] and [[New Line Cinema]].<ref name="DLAZ"/>

On [[13 February]] [[2019]], Amazon's newly created [http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime Twitter account] associated with the show posted the quote "I wisely started with a map.", taken from Tolkien's [[Letter 144]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1095797330127646721|articlename=“I wisely started with a map” — J.R.R. Tolkien|dated=13 February 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> On [[15 February]] the Twitter account released a map of Middle-earth along with a line of the [[Ring Verse]], over the next few weeks different versions of the map were released with each successive one including more labels than the previous as well as more lines from the verse. On [[7 March]] the final map was released which showed a wider view of Middle-earth, including the island of [[Númenor]] and the final post "Welcome to the Second Age".<ref name="AMSA"/> [[Tom Shippey]] and artist [[John Howe]] had worked on the accuracy of the maps, however dedicated [[Tolkien fandom|fans]] had detected several mistakes and anachronisms.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://narniafans.com/2019/08/interview-with-narnia-conceptual-designer-john-howe/|articlename=Interview with John Howe|website=Narnia Fans|accessed=25 June 2020}}</ref>

The series being set in the [[Second Age]] was predicted by [[Tolkien Society]] Chair [[Shaun Gunner]] in February.<ref>{{webcite|website=Twitter|accessed=15 February 2020|dated=18 February 2019|articleurl=http://twitter.com/ShaunGunner/status/1097505289618841601|articlename=Shaun Gunner on Twitter}}</ref>

On [[27 July]] 2019 a video was published that introduced the creative team; [[J.D. Payne]] and [[Patrick McKay]] were announced as the showrunners, the writing team consisting of Gennifer Hutchison, Helen Shang, Jason Cahill, Glenise Mullins, Justin Dohle, Stephany Folsom and Bryan Cogman, Belén Atienza, Bruce Richmond, Gene Kelly and Lindsey Weber as executive producers, Ron Ames as co-producer, Kate Hawley as costume designer, Rick Heinrichs as production designer and Jason Smith as visual effects supervisor. The team will also include Tolkien scholar [[Tom Shippey]] and artist [[John Howe]]. [[J. A. Bayona|Bayona]] will direct the first two episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1155142047420080129|articlename=''Meet our Fellowship''|dated=27 July 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> In an interview with the German Tolkien Society, scholar [[Tom Shippey]] stated that events from the First and Third Ages are "off-limits".<ref>{{webcite|author=Tobias M. Eckrich |articleurl=http://www.tolkiengesellschaft.de/30918/exklusive-interview-with-tom-shippey-concerning-lotronprime/|articlename=Exclusive interview with Tom Shippey concerning LOTRonPrime|dated=29 July 2019|website=[http://www.tolkiengesellschaft.de Deutche Tolkien Gesellschaft]|accessed=6 August 2019}}</ref>

On [[17 September]] 2019, Amazon Studios announced that the series will be filmed in New Zealand.<ref name="AMNZ"/>

On [[18 November]] 2019, Amazon Studios Head Jennifer Salke announced a second season renewal for the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/11/the-lord-of-the-rings-series-renewed-season-2-amazon-early-renewal-season-1-hiatus-writers-room-reassembled-1202788730/|articlename=‘The Lord Of the Rings’ Series Gets Early Season 2 Renewal By Amazon, Sets Season 1 Hiatus|dated=18 November 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=17 March 2020}}</ref>

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic production of the series was suspended.<ref>{{webcite|author=Chris Keall|articleurl=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=12316871|articlename=Coronavirus: Amazon's Lord of the Rings production in West Auckland shut down|dated=15 March 2020|website=[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/ The New Zealand Herald]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref> On 9 May 2020 the New Zealand Film Commission has allowed the production of film and TV to continue in the country.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/news/article.cfm?c_id=1501119&objectid=12330716|articlename=Covid 19 coronavirus: Avatar, Lord Of The Rings filming resumes in NZ|dated=9 May 2020|website=[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/ The New Zealand Herald]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref>

In December 2020, [[Bryan Cogman]] left the series for Entertainment One, after completing work on the scripts for season one.<ref>{{webcite|author=Lesley Goldberg |articleurl=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/bryan-cogman-moves-overall-deal-to-eone-exclusive|articlename=Bryan Cogman Moves Overall Deal to eOne (Exclusive)|dated=7 December 2020|website=The Hollywood Reporter|accessed=15 December 2020}}</ref>

On [[24 March]] [[2021]], Amazon Studios announced that [[Wayne Yip|Wayne Che Yip]] has joined the creative team, as both a co-executive producer and director.<ref>{{webcite|author=Matt Grobar|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2021/03/wayne-che-yip-boards-lord-of-the-rings-series-director-co-ep-amazon-studios-1234720477/|articlename=Wayne Che Yip Boards ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series As Director & Co-EP, Will Helm Four Episodes Of Amazon Original|dated=24 March 2021|website=[http://deadline.com/ Deadline]|accessed=5 April 2021}}</ref>

On May 2021, it was announced that [[Charlotte Brändström]] will direct another two episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=Matt Grobar|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2021/05/the-witcher-charlotte-brandstrom-amazons-the-lord-of-the-rings-series-1234755360/|articlename=‘The Witcher’ Director Charlotte Brändström Joins Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series
|dated=13 May 2021|website=[http://deadline.com/ Deadline]|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref>

On September 2021, it was reported that [[Howard Shore]] and [[Bear McCreary]] are in talks to compose the soundtrack for the series.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=https://www.theonering.net/torwp/2021/09/19/111495-howard-shore-and-bear-mccreary-to-soundtrack-lotr-on-prime-series/|articlename=Howard Shore and Bear McCreary to soundtrack LOTR on Prime series|dated=September 19, 2021|website=TheOneRing.net|accessed=September 20, 2021}}</ref>

On 19 January [[2022]], a first teaser was released announcing the official title for the series: ''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power''.<ref>{{webcite|author=@LOTRonPrime|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1483816516327915522?cxt=HHwWhICq-dHQyZcpAAAA|articlename=Title Announcement|dated=19 January 2022|website=Twitter|accessed=19 January 2022}}</ref>

===Casting===
On 22 July 2019, it was reported that Amazon has made its first cast for the new series that Markella Kavenagh was in talks to play a character named "Tyra".<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-cast-markella-kavenagh-1203268175|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Taps First Cast Member (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=22 July 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref>

Will Poulter was cast for an unknown role in September 2019<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-will-poulter-cast-1203321951/|articlename=‘Lord of The Rings’ Series at Amazon Casts Will Poulter (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=4 September 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref> however in December it was reported that he left the series due to scheduling conflicts.<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-will-poulter-1203433273/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’: Will Poulter No Longer Attached to Amazon Series (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=12 December 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> This was later confirmed by Poulter in an interview.<ref>{{webcite|author=Will Richards|articleurl=http://www.nme.com/news/tv/will-poulter-explains-why-he-left-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-2706105|articlename=Will Poulter explains why he left Amazon's 'Lord Of The Rings' TV series|dated=12 July 2020|website=[http://www.nme.com/ NME]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref> He was replaced by Robert Aramayo who was reported to be playing a character named "Beldor".<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2020/01/robert-aramayo-cast-the-lord-of-the-rings-amazon-tv-series-game-of-thrones-alum-cast-1202823073/|articlename='The Lord Of the Rings': Robert Aramayo To Star In Amazon TV Series|dated=7 January 2020|website=Deadline|accessed=15 January 2020}}</ref>

In October 2019 it was reported that Maxim Baldry<ref>{{webcite|author=Jeff Sneider|articleurl=http://collider.com/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-cast-maxim-baldry/|articlename=Exclusive: ‘Lord of the Rings’ TV Series Adds ‘Years and Years’ Star Maxim Baldry|dated=15 October 2019|website=Collider|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> and Joseph Mawle has joined the cast, the latter playing "Oren", the lead villain of the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/10/the-lord-of-the-rings-joseph-mawle-cast-star-amazon-series-oren-game-of-thrones-alum-1202765493/|articlename='The Lord Of The Rings': Joseph Mawle To Star In Amazon Series|dated=21 October 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref>

In December 2019 there were reports of Ema Horvath<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/12/ema-horvath-cast-the-lord-of-the-rings-amazon-series-1202806025/|articlename=‘The Lord Of The Rings’: Ema Horvath Joins Cast Of Amazon Series|dated=10 December 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> and Morfydd Clark joinining the cast, it was said that Clark is to play a "young [[Galadriel]]".<ref>{{webcite|author=Justin Kroll|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-galadriel-morfydd-clark-1203446284/amp/|articlename='Lord of the Rings' Series Taps Morfydd Clark as Young Galadriel (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=17 December 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=4 January 2020}}</ref>

On 15 January 2020, the series' official social media confirmed the castings of Kavenagh, Aramayo, Mawle, Horvath and Clark as well as revealing new members of the cast; Owain Arthur, Nazanin Boniadi, Tom Budge, Ismael Cruz Cordova, Tyroe Muhafidin, Sophia Nomvete, Megan Richards, Dylan Smith, Charlie Vickers and Daniel Weyman.<ref name="Meet">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/LOTRonPrime/photos/?tab=album&album_id=2410457885934047|articlename=Meet the first members of our fellowship. #LOTRonPrime|dated=15 January 2020|website=Facebook|accessed=15 January 2020}}</ref>

In December 2020, it was announced that 20 actors have been added to the cast; Cynthia Addai-Robinson, Maxim Baldry (reported to have joined back in October 2019), Ian Blackburn, Kip Chapman, Anthony Crum, Maxine Cunliffe, Trystan Gravelle, Sir Lenny Henry, Thusitha Jayasundera, Fabian McCallum, Simon Merrells, Geoff Morrell, Peter Mullan, Lloyd Owen, Augustus Prew, Peter Tait, Alex Tarrant, Leon Wadham, Benjamin Walker and Sara Zwangobani.<ref name="VA20">{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2020/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-cast-1234845274/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Adds 20 Actors to Cast|dated=3 December 2020|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=3 December 2020}}</ref>

In March 2021, Tom Budge announced that he had departed the series after filming several episodes. He explained that Amazon had decided to go in a different direction with his character after reviewing the first episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.instagram.com/p/CMZnFx-HkAp/|articlename=Tom Budge on Instagram|dated=14 March 2021|website=[http://instagram.com/ Instagram]|accessed=5 April 2021}}</ref>

In July 2021 Charles Edwards, Will Fletcher, Amelie Child-Villiers, and Beau Cassidy were added to the first season's cast that July.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/amazon-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-cast-1234976309/|articlename=Amazon’s ‘Lord of the Rings’ Rounds Out Sprawling Cast (Exclusive)
|dated=1 July 2021|website=Hollywood Reporter|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref> A third of the first season's 124 speaking roles, including seven of the 32 major recurring roles, went to New Zealand actors.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.newsroom.co.nz/page//govt-hopes-amazon-will-come-back-to-film-more-seasons|articlename=Return of the Rings: Govt hopes Amazon will come back to film more seasons
|dated=5 August 2021|website=[https://www.newsroom.co.nz Newsroom|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref>

===Filming===
====Season 1====
[[File:The Rings of Power (TV series) - Adar poster.jpg|thumb|One of the promotional posters released on February 2022]]
Although pre-production on the series reportedly began in June 2018 in [[Auckland]], filming began on [[14 March]] [[2020]]<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.gamespot.com//articles/lord-of-the-rings-tv-show-director-shares-a-behind/1100-6474422/|articlename=
Lord Of The Rings TV Show Director Shares A Behind-The-Scenes Photo
|dated=15 March 2020|website=[https://www.gamespot.com Gamespot]|accessed=25 August 2021}}</ref> in Auckland primarily at Kumeu Film Studios and Auckland Film Studios.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/entertainment/new-zealand-set-to-be-location-for-lord-of-the-rings-1-5-billion-tv-show/|articlename=New $1.5b LOTR TV series set to film in Auckland|dated=30 June 2019|website=[https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz Newstalk ZB]|accessed=25 August 2021}}</ref> Location filming took place around Auckland in February.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.theonering.net/torwp/2020/02/21/107557-exclusive-spy-report-from-the-set-of-amazons-lotr-with-photos/|articlename=EXCLUSIVE:Spy Report from the Set of Amazon's LOTR with photos |dated=21 February 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Filming for the first two episodes was expected to continue through May,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/homed/real-estate/118857705/lord-of-the-rings-tv-amazon-studios-puts-out-call-for-homes-for-cast-and-crew|articlename=Lord of the Rings TV: Amazon Studios puts out call for homes for cast and crew|dated=21 February 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> with a four or five-month production break then planned during which footage for the two episodes would be reviewed and writing on the second season would begin.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2019/11/the-lord-of-the-rings-series-renewed-season-2-amazon-early-renewal-season-1-hiatus-writers-room-reassembled-1202788730/|articlename=
‘The Lord Of the Rings’ Series Gets Early Season 2 Renewal By Amazon, Sets Season 1 Hiatus
|dated=19 January 2020|website=[https://deadline.com DEADLINE]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>Production was scheduled to resume in mid-October and continue until late June 2021.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/homed/real-estate/118857705/lord-of-the-rings-tv-amazon-studios-puts-out-call-for-homes-for-cast-and-crew|articlename= Lord of the Rings TV: Amazon Studios puts out call for homes for cast and crew|dated=19 January 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff.co]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> However, filming was placed on hold indefinitely in mid-March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with around 800 cast and crew members told to stay home.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/coronavirus-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-production-in-west-auckland-shut-down/JZE3ZEXWQQIQJXH4KYENFR3LRY/?c_id=3&objectid=12316871|articlename=
Coronavirus: Amazon's Lord of the Rings production in West Auckland shut down
|dated=15 March 2020|website=[https://www.nzherald.co.nz NZherald]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> In early May, the majority of filming for the first two episodes was confirmed to have been completed before the COVID-19 shutdown. Filming on the series was allowed to resume then under new safety guidelines from the New Zealand government, but, instead of completing filming for the first two episodes at that time, the filming shutdown segued into the intended production break, with filming for the first two episodes set to be completed once filming on further episodes was ready to begin.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2020/05/new-zealand-returns-to-production-paving-way-for-avatar-sequels-to-resume-live-action-filming-1202929138/|articlename=
New Zealand Returns To Production, Paving Way For ‘Avatar’ Sequels & ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series To Resume Filming |dated=7 May 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>

It was reported that the TV series was one of seven film and television productions that were granted exemptions to allow cast and crew members to enter New Zealand while its borders were closed to non-New Zealanders due to [[Wikipedia:COVID-19|COVID-19]]. The exemptions were granted before [[June 18]] by Economic Development Minister Phil Twyford, and applied to 93 members of the production as well as 20 family members. Around 10 percent of the series' crew were believed to be non-[[New Zealand|New Zealanders]], and many of them had remained in the country during its pandemic lockdown and did not require exemptions. Pre-production on further episodes began by July [[2020]],<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/122012197/revealed-the-six-productions-joining-avatar-in-getting-border-exemptions|articlename=
Revealed: The six productions joining Avatar in getting border exemptions
|dated=3 July 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff.co]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> and filming on the series resumed on [[September 28]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2020/09/the-lord-of-the-rings-resumes-production-amazon-new-zealand-cowboy-bebop-netflix-dtart-of-production-1234584918/|articlename=
Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Resumes Production In New Zealand, Netflix’s ‘Cowboy Bebop’ Next
|dated=28 September 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Bayona completed filming on his episodes by December 23,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://comicbook.com/tv-shows/news/amazons-lord-of-the-rings-pilot-wrapped-filming/|articlename= Amazon's Lord Of The Rings Pilot Has Wrapped Filming
|dated=25 December 2020|website=[https://comicbook.com ComicBook]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> with production on further episodes set to begin in January 2021 following a two week break for Christmas.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/spy-lunch-of-the-rings-the-lotr-star-spotted-on-waiheke/WFTPOF2VTQ272HKL6NT2QLHHQI/|articlename=
Spy: Lunch of the Rings? The LOTR star spotted on Waiheke
|dated=19 December 2020|website=[https://www.nzherald.co.nz NZherald]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Yip confirmed that he had begun filming his episodes by March,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-wayne-che-yip-1234936829/|articlename= ‘Lord of the Rings’ Series Adds Director Wayne Che Yip as Co-Executive Producer
|dated=24 March 2021|website=[https://variety.com Variety]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> and Brändström was in New Zealand for production on the series when she was announced as director in May.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2021/05/the-witcher-charlotte-brandstrom-amazons-the-lord-of-the-rings-series-1234755360/|articlename= ‘The Witcher’ Director Charlotte Brändström Joins Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series |dated=13 May 2021|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>

==Marketing==
On [[19 January]] 2022, Amazon revealed of the series' full title. Instead of creating a title reveal with visual effects, the studio released an announcement video in which the letters of the title are physically cast from molten metal while an excerpt of the "[[Ring Verse]]" from ''The Lord of the Rings'' is read in voiceover. The video was directed by Klaus Obermeyer, who worked with special effects supervisor Lee Nelson under advisement by veteran special effects supervisor [[Douglas Trumbull]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2022/01/19/111840-prime-videos-the-lord-of-the-rings-title-reveal-exclusive-behind-the-scenes-images/|articlename=Prime Video's The Lord of the Rings TITLE REVEAL - EXCLUSIVE Behind the Scenes images|dated=3 February 2022|website=[https://www.polygon.com/ Polygon]|accessed=4 February 2022}}</ref>

On [[3 February]] 2022, Amazon Studios revealed a series of character posters for the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.polygon.com/22915948/lord-of-the-rings-of-power-characters-posters|articlename=Amazon’s first Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power character posters are a guessing game|dated=4 February 2022|website=[https://www.polygon.com/ Polygon]|accessed=4 February 2022}}</ref> On 10 February, a "first look" was revealed with photos of some of the characters,<ref name="VanityFair">{{webcite|author=Anthony Breznican & Joanna Robinson|articleurl=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/amazon-the-rings-of-power-series-first-look|articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series Rises: Inside The Rings of Power
|dated=10-Feb-2022|website=VanityFair|accessed=20-July-2022}}</ref> followed by the release of the teaser trailer on 13 February during Super Bowl LVI.<ref>{{webcite|author=Erin Carson and Jennifer Bisset|articleurl=https://www.cnet.com/culture/entertainment/amazon-introduces-lord-of-the-rings-the-rings-of-power-in-new-trailer/|articlename=Amazon Introduces 'Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power' in New Trailer|website=[http://www.cnet.com/ CNet]|accessed=9 April 2022}}</ref> The official watch party for the trailer was hosted on YouTube by [[TheOneRing.net]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2022/02/07/111973-official-lotr-trailer-watch-party-for-prime-videos-rings-of-power-to-be-hosted-by-torn/|articlename=Official LOTR Trailer Watch party for Prime Video’s Rings of Power to be hosted by TORn!|website=[https://www.theonering.net/ TheOneRing.net]|accessed=9 April 2022}}</ref>

On [[14 July]], Amazon released another trailer for the series online.<ref>{{webcite|author=William Goodman|articleurl=https://www.gq.com/story/lord-of-the-rings-rings-of-power-trailer|articlename=What the ‘Lord of the Rings: Rings of Power’ Trailer Reveals About the New Prequel Series
|dated=14 July 2022|website=[https://www.gq.com Get Go]|accessed=22 July 2022}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[:Category:Images from The Rings of Power (TV series)|Category:Images from ''The Rings of Power'' TV series]]
* [[The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power Season 1 Soundtrack|''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power'' Season 1 Soundtrack]]

== External links ==
* [http://www.amazon.com/adlp/lotronprime Official website]
* [http://www.facebook.com/LOTRonPrime/ Official Facebook page]
* [http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5gNthckomHt36m9-WH042Q/ Youtube channel]
* https://www.fandom.com/articles/lord-rings-power-hidden-character-details
* https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/entertainment/lord-of-the-rings-numenor-images
* https://www.looper.com/962547/robert-aramayo-sheds-light-on-a-younger-elrond-in-rings-of-power-exclusive-interview/?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter
* https://time.com/6205837/the-rings-of-power-amazon-most-expensive/

{{References}}

{{title|italics}}
[[Category:Television series]]
[[Category:Upcoming productions]]
[[fr:divertissements/adaptations/series/lsda_amazon]]
[[fi:The Lord of the Rings (Amazon)]]

The Lord of the Rings: Gollum

2022-08-31T19:04:43Z

Tuorist: gameplay

{{video game infobox
| name=''The Lord of the Rings: Gollum''
| developer=Daedalic Entertainment
| platform=PS4, PS5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, PC
| releasedate=[[2022]]
}}
'''''The Lord of the Rings: Gollum''''' is an upcoming videogame for Playstation 4, Playstation 5, Microsoft Windows, Nintendo Switch, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S with [[Gollum]] featuring as the main protagonist. It will be set between the events of ''[[The Hobbit]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', where Gollum is searching for the [[One Ring]].The game is scheduled for release in [[1 September|1st September]] of [[2022]].<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=https://twitter.com/GollumGame//status/1529100043726295040|articlename= "Gollum's quest for his precious will begin on September 1, 2022! Coming on PC & consoles and on November 30, 2022 on Nintendo Switch. #GollumGame💍"|dated=24-May-2022|website=[https://twitter.com//home Twitter]|accessed=12-July-2022}}</ref>

==Gameplay==
It is an action adventure game with focus on sneaking<ref>https://www.gaming.net/the-lord-of-the-rings-gollum-everything-we-know/</ref> and Gollum's split personality<ref>https://store.steampowered.com/app/1265780/The_Lord_of_the_Rings_Gollum/</ref>.

{{references}}
{{videogames}}
{{title|italics}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lord of the Rings Gollum}}
[[Category:Action games]]
[[Category:Upcoming video games]]

The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power

2022-08-31T19:01:18Z

Tuorist: source material and copyrights

{{currentevent}}
{{disambig-two|the Amazon TV Series|rings created by the Elves|[[Rings of Power]]}}
{{film infobox
| image=[[File:Amazon - The Lord of the Rings - The Rings of Power.png|250px]]
| name=The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power
| director=
| producer=[[J.D. Payne]] and [[Patrick McKay]] (showrunners)
| writer='''Novel:''' [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] '''Screenplay:''' John D. Payne and Patrick McKay
| narrator=
| starring=''[[#Cast and characters|see below]]''
| music=
| cinematography=
| editing=
| distributor=Amazon Prime Video
| released=[[2 September]] [[2022]] (first episode's schedule)
| runtime=
| country=United States, United Kingdom, New Zealand
| language=English
| budget=
| website=[http://www.amazon.com/adlp/lotronprime Official website]
| imdb_id=7631058
}}

'''''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power''''', otherwise known as '''The Lord of the Rings on Prime''', is an upcoming television series and an adaptation of the writings of [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]. It is created and produced by [[Amazon Studios]] working alongside the [[Tolkien Estate]], [[The Tolkien Trust]], [[HarperCollins]] and [[New Line Cinema]]. Set in the [[Second Age]] of [[Middle-earth]],<ref name="AMSA">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1103656946509344768|articlename=Welcome to the Second Age:|dated=7 March 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> it will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien's ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]].''<ref name="AMNZ">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://press.aboutamazon.com/news-releases/news-release-details/amazon-studios-announces-new-zealand-location-its-upcoming|articlename=Amazon Studios Announces New Zealand as Location for Its Upcoming Series Based on The Lord of the Rings|dated=17 September 2019|website=Amazon|accessed=18 September 2019}}</ref> The series is scheduled to be released on [[2 September]] [[2022]].<ref> This also is the day of death of Professor J.R.R. Tolkien.{{webcite|author=@LOTRonPrime|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1422255647106617359|articlename=A new journey beings|dated=2 August 2021|website=Twitter|accessed=2 August 2021}}</ref>

==Premise==
{{blockquote|Amazon Studios' forthcoming series brings to screens for the very first time the heroic legends of the fabled Second Age of Middle-earth's history. This epic drama is set thousands of years before the events of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, and will take viewers back to an era in which great powers were forged, kingdoms rose to glory and fell to ruin, unlikely heroes were tested, hope hung by the finest of threads, and the greatest villain that ever flowed from Tolkien's pen threatened to cover all the world in darkness. Beginning in a time of relative peace, the series follows an ensemble cast of characters, both familiar and new, as they confront the long-feared re-emergence of evil to Middle-earth. From the darkest depths of the Misty Mountains, to the majestic forests of the elf-capital of Lindon, to the breathtaking island kingdom of Númenor, to the furthest reaches of the map, these kingdoms and characters will carve out legacies that live on long after they are gone.|Official synopsis<ref>{{webcite|author=Justin Sewell|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2021/01/12/110065-exclusive-official-show-synopsis-for-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-series/|articlename=EXCLUSIVE: Official Show Synopsis for Amazon’s LORD OF THE RINGS Series|dated=12 January 2021|website=[http://www.theonering.net TheOneRing]|accessed=13 January 2021}}</ref>}}

==Source material and copyrights==
The showrunners said that they wish to "come up with the novel Tolkien never wrote and do it as the mega-event series".<ref name="VanityFair"></ref> They explained that they only have the copyrights to adapt [[The Hobbit]] and [[The Lord of the Rings]] along with it's [[Appendices]], without the rights to [[Silmarillion]] or the [[Unfinished Tales]] that contain vast majority of Tolkien's writings on the [[Second Age]].<ref name="VFQuestions"></ref>

==Episodes==
# [[Shadow of the Past (episode)|Shadow of the Past]]<ref name="VanityFair"/>

==Cast and characters==
''In alphabetical order''
{| class="wikitable"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Actor !! Role
|-
| Cynthia Addai-Robinson<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Tar-Míriel|Queen Regent Míriel]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418520400658432|articlename=Cynthia Addai-Robinson is Queen Regent Míriel|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Robert Aramayo]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Elrond]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492167519439925260|articlename=Robert Aramayo is Elrond. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Unknown Actor || [[Durin III|King Durin III]]<ref name="VFQuestions">{{webcite|author=burning questions about amazons the rings of power|articleurl= https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/10-burning-questions-about-amazons-the-rings-of-power |articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series: FAQ|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://www.vanityfair.com/ Vanity Fair]|accessed=16 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Owain Arthur]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Durin IV|Prince Durin IV]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168323051802626|articlename=Owain Arthur is Prince Durin IV. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Maxim Baldry]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Isildur]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417633603059712|articlename=Maxim Baldry is Isildur|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Ian Blackburn<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| [[Nazanin Boniadi]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Bronwyn]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168861403299841|articlename=Nazanin Boniadi is Bronwyn. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Kip Chapman<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| [[Morfydd Clark]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Galadriel]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492167351902609413|articlename=Morfydd Clark is Galadriel. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Ismael Cruz Cordova<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Arondir]] <ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168672051445771|articlename=Ismael Cruz Cordova is Arondir. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Anthony Crum<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Maxine Cunliffe<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| [[Charles Edwards]]<ref name="VFInside">{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/amazon-the-rings-of-power-series-first-look|articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series Rises: Inside The Rings of Power|dated=10 February 2022|website=[https://www.vanityfair.com/ Vanity Fair]|accessed=11 February 2022}}</ref> || [[Celebrimbor]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534220750311174144|articlename=Charles Edwards is Celebrimbor|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Will Fletcher||
|-
| Trystan Gravelle<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Pharazôn]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418058515521537|articlename=Trystan Gravelle is Pharazôn|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Lenny Henry|Sir Lenny Henry]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Sadoc Burrows]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1533945721929420800#m|articlename=Sir Lenny Henry is Sadoc Burrows. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Ema Horvath<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Eärien]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417835961552896|articlename=Ema Horvath is Eärien|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Thusitha Jayasundera<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| [[Markella Kavenagh]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Elanor Brandyfoot|Elanor "Nori" Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253881651937283|articlename=Markella Kavenagh is Elanor ‘Nori’ Brandyfoot|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Joseph Mawle]]<ref name="Meet"/> ||
|-
| Fabian McCallum<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Simon Merrells<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Geoff Morrell<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Waldreg]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/PrimeVideo/status/1559940412114083841|articlename=Get to know the Southlanders in #TheRingsOfPower
|dated=17 August 2022|website=[https://twitter.com/ Twitter]|accessed=17 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Tyroe Muhafidin<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Theo]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://mobile.twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1516457306497581056|articlename=Tyroe Muhafidin is Theo. #LOTRROP #RingsofPower|dated=19 April 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=19 April 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Peter Mullan<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Sophia Nomvete<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Disa|Princess Disa]] <ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492168418358874123|articlename=Sophia Nomvete is Princess Disa. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Lloyd Owen<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Elendil]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547417424361885696|articlename=Lloyd Owen is Elendil|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Augustus Prew<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Megan Richards<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Poppy Proudfellow]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982703908433920#m|articlename=Megan Richards is Poppy Proudfellow. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Dylan Smith<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Largo Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982400869945344#m|articlename=Dylan Smith is Largo Brandyfoot. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Peter Tait]]<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Alex Tarrant<ref name="VA20"/> ||
|-
| Charlie Vickers<ref name="Meet"/> || [[Halbrand]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1492169017741778944|articlename=Charlie Vickers is Halbrand. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Leon Wadham<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Kemen (television character)|Kemen]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1547418271141560321|articlename=Leon Wadham is Kemen|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Benjamin Walker]]<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Gil-galad|High-King Gil-galad]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253777415098372|articlename=Benjamin Walker is High King Gil-galad|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[Daniel Weyman]]<ref name="Meet"/> || [[The Stranger]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1493253972639076352|articlename=Daniel Weyman is The Stranger|dated=14 February 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=14 February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| Sara Zwangobani<ref name="VA20"/> || [[Marigold Brandyfoot]]<ref>{{webcite|author=The Lord of the Rings on Prime|articleurl=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1534982566448533504#m|articlename=Sara Zwangobani is Marigold Brandyfoot. #LOTRROP|dated=9 June 2022|website=[https://twitter.com Twitter]|accessed=11 June 2022}}</ref>
|}

==Production==
[[File:Amazon - Middle-earth map.jpg|thumb|250px|Fourth map of Middle-earth, released by Amazon on 6 March 2019]]
In November [[2017]], it was reported that Amazon Studios were in discussion with Warner Bros. Television and the [[Tolkien Estate]] about developing a series based on ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<ref>{{webcite|author=Daniel Holloway|articleurl=http://variety.com/2017/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-1202606519/|articlename='Lord of the Rings': Amazon, Warner Bros. in Talks for Series Adaptation (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=3 November 2017|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> Later, in November, Amazon Studios announced they have secured the rights to develop a multi-season television series set in Middle-earth with the potential for spin-offs.<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2017/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-amazon-1202613609/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series Moving Forward at Amazon With Multi-Season Production Commitment|dated=13 November 2017|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=31 July 2019}}</ref> The rights have been said to have cost close to $250 million.<ref name="DLAZ">{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2017/11/amazon-the-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-multi-season-commitment-1202207065/|articlename=Amazon Sets ‘The Lord of the Rings’ TV Series In Mega Deal With Multi-Season Commitment|dated=13 November 2017|website=Deadline|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> Amazon Studios will cooperate with the Tolkien Estate, [[The Tolkien Trust]], [[HarperCollins]] and [[New Line Cinema]].<ref name="DLAZ"/>

On [[13 February]] [[2019]], Amazon's newly created [http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime Twitter account] associated with the show posted the quote "I wisely started with a map.", taken from Tolkien's [[Letter 144]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1095797330127646721|articlename=“I wisely started with a map” — J.R.R. Tolkien|dated=13 February 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> On [[15 February]] the Twitter account released a map of Middle-earth along with a line of the [[Ring Verse]], over the next few weeks different versions of the map were released with each successive one including more labels than the previous as well as more lines from the verse. On [[7 March]] the final map was released which showed a wider view of Middle-earth, including the island of [[Númenor]] and the final post "Welcome to the Second Age".<ref name="AMSA"/> [[Tom Shippey]] and artist [[John Howe]] had worked on the accuracy of the maps, however dedicated [[Tolkien fandom|fans]] had detected several mistakes and anachronisms.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://narniafans.com/2019/08/interview-with-narnia-conceptual-designer-john-howe/|articlename=Interview with John Howe|website=Narnia Fans|accessed=25 June 2020}}</ref>

The series being set in the [[Second Age]] was predicted by [[Tolkien Society]] Chair [[Shaun Gunner]] in February.<ref>{{webcite|website=Twitter|accessed=15 February 2020|dated=18 February 2019|articleurl=http://twitter.com/ShaunGunner/status/1097505289618841601|articlename=Shaun Gunner on Twitter}}</ref>

On [[27 July]] 2019 a video was published that introduced the creative team; [[J.D. Payne]] and [[Patrick McKay]] were announced as the showrunners, the writing team consisting of Gennifer Hutchison, Helen Shang, Jason Cahill, Glenise Mullins, Justin Dohle, Stephany Folsom and Bryan Cogman, Belén Atienza, Bruce Richmond, Gene Kelly and Lindsey Weber as executive producers, Ron Ames as co-producer, Kate Hawley as costume designer, Rick Heinrichs as production designer and Jason Smith as visual effects supervisor. The team will also include Tolkien scholar [[Tom Shippey]] and artist [[John Howe]]. [[J. A. Bayona|Bayona]] will direct the first two episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1155142047420080129|articlename=''Meet our Fellowship''|dated=27 July 2019|website=Twitter|accessed=30 January 2020}}</ref> In an interview with the German Tolkien Society, scholar [[Tom Shippey]] stated that events from the First and Third Ages are "off-limits".<ref>{{webcite|author=Tobias M. Eckrich |articleurl=http://www.tolkiengesellschaft.de/30918/exklusive-interview-with-tom-shippey-concerning-lotronprime/|articlename=Exclusive interview with Tom Shippey concerning LOTRonPrime|dated=29 July 2019|website=[http://www.tolkiengesellschaft.de Deutche Tolkien Gesellschaft]|accessed=6 August 2019}}</ref>

On [[17 September]] 2019, Amazon Studios announced that the series will be filmed in New Zealand.<ref name="AMNZ"/>

On [[18 November]] 2019, Amazon Studios Head Jennifer Salke announced a second season renewal for the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/11/the-lord-of-the-rings-series-renewed-season-2-amazon-early-renewal-season-1-hiatus-writers-room-reassembled-1202788730/|articlename=‘The Lord Of the Rings’ Series Gets Early Season 2 Renewal By Amazon, Sets Season 1 Hiatus|dated=18 November 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=17 March 2020}}</ref>

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic production of the series was suspended.<ref>{{webcite|author=Chris Keall|articleurl=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=12316871|articlename=Coronavirus: Amazon's Lord of the Rings production in West Auckland shut down|dated=15 March 2020|website=[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/ The New Zealand Herald]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref> On 9 May 2020 the New Zealand Film Commission has allowed the production of film and TV to continue in the country.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/news/article.cfm?c_id=1501119&objectid=12330716|articlename=Covid 19 coronavirus: Avatar, Lord Of The Rings filming resumes in NZ|dated=9 May 2020|website=[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/ The New Zealand Herald]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref>

In December 2020, [[Bryan Cogman]] left the series for Entertainment One, after completing work on the scripts for season one.<ref>{{webcite|author=Lesley Goldberg |articleurl=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/bryan-cogman-moves-overall-deal-to-eone-exclusive|articlename=Bryan Cogman Moves Overall Deal to eOne (Exclusive)|dated=7 December 2020|website=The Hollywood Reporter|accessed=15 December 2020}}</ref>

On [[24 March]] [[2021]], Amazon Studios announced that [[Wayne Yip|Wayne Che Yip]] has joined the creative team, as both a co-executive producer and director.<ref>{{webcite|author=Matt Grobar|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2021/03/wayne-che-yip-boards-lord-of-the-rings-series-director-co-ep-amazon-studios-1234720477/|articlename=Wayne Che Yip Boards ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series As Director & Co-EP, Will Helm Four Episodes Of Amazon Original|dated=24 March 2021|website=[http://deadline.com/ Deadline]|accessed=5 April 2021}}</ref>

On May 2021, it was announced that [[Charlotte Brändström]] will direct another two episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=Matt Grobar|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2021/05/the-witcher-charlotte-brandstrom-amazons-the-lord-of-the-rings-series-1234755360/|articlename=‘The Witcher’ Director Charlotte Brändström Joins Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series
|dated=13 May 2021|website=[http://deadline.com/ Deadline]|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref>

On September 2021, it was reported that [[Howard Shore]] and [[Bear McCreary]] are in talks to compose the soundtrack for the series.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=https://www.theonering.net/torwp/2021/09/19/111495-howard-shore-and-bear-mccreary-to-soundtrack-lotr-on-prime-series/|articlename=Howard Shore and Bear McCreary to soundtrack LOTR on Prime series|dated=September 19, 2021|website=TheOneRing.net|accessed=September 20, 2021}}</ref>

On 19 January [[2022]], a first teaser was released announcing the official title for the series: ''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power''.<ref>{{webcite|author=@LOTRonPrime|articleurl=http://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1483816516327915522?cxt=HHwWhICq-dHQyZcpAAAA|articlename=Title Announcement|dated=19 January 2022|website=Twitter|accessed=19 January 2022}}</ref>

===Casting===
On 22 July 2019, it was reported that Amazon has made its first cast for the new series that Markella Kavenagh was in talks to play a character named "Tyra".<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-cast-markella-kavenagh-1203268175|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Taps First Cast Member (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=22 July 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref>

Will Poulter was cast for an unknown role in September 2019<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-will-poulter-cast-1203321951/|articlename=‘Lord of The Rings’ Series at Amazon Casts Will Poulter (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=4 September 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref> however in December it was reported that he left the series due to scheduling conflicts.<ref>{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-will-poulter-1203433273/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’: Will Poulter No Longer Attached to Amazon Series (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=12 December 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> This was later confirmed by Poulter in an interview.<ref>{{webcite|author=Will Richards|articleurl=http://www.nme.com/news/tv/will-poulter-explains-why-he-left-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-2706105|articlename=Will Poulter explains why he left Amazon's 'Lord Of The Rings' TV series|dated=12 July 2020|website=[http://www.nme.com/ NME]|accessed=17 July 2020}}</ref> He was replaced by Robert Aramayo who was reported to be playing a character named "Beldor".<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2020/01/robert-aramayo-cast-the-lord-of-the-rings-amazon-tv-series-game-of-thrones-alum-cast-1202823073/|articlename='The Lord Of the Rings': Robert Aramayo To Star In Amazon TV Series|dated=7 January 2020|website=Deadline|accessed=15 January 2020}}</ref>

In October 2019 it was reported that Maxim Baldry<ref>{{webcite|author=Jeff Sneider|articleurl=http://collider.com/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-cast-maxim-baldry/|articlename=Exclusive: ‘Lord of the Rings’ TV Series Adds ‘Years and Years’ Star Maxim Baldry|dated=15 October 2019|website=Collider|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> and Joseph Mawle has joined the cast, the latter playing "Oren", the lead villain of the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/10/the-lord-of-the-rings-joseph-mawle-cast-star-amazon-series-oren-game-of-thrones-alum-1202765493/|articlename='The Lord Of The Rings': Joseph Mawle To Star In Amazon Series|dated=21 October 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=22 October 2019}}</ref>

In December 2019 there were reports of Ema Horvath<ref>{{webcite|author=Nellie Andreeva|articleurl=http://deadline.com/2019/12/ema-horvath-cast-the-lord-of-the-rings-amazon-series-1202806025/|articlename=‘The Lord Of The Rings’: Ema Horvath Joins Cast Of Amazon Series|dated=10 December 2019|website=Deadline|accessed=13 December 2019}}</ref> and Morfydd Clark joinining the cast, it was said that Clark is to play a "young [[Galadriel]]".<ref>{{webcite|author=Justin Kroll|articleurl=http://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-galadriel-morfydd-clark-1203446284/amp/|articlename='Lord of the Rings' Series Taps Morfydd Clark as Young Galadriel (EXCLUSIVE)|dated=17 December 2019|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=4 January 2020}}</ref>

On 15 January 2020, the series' official social media confirmed the castings of Kavenagh, Aramayo, Mawle, Horvath and Clark as well as revealing new members of the cast; Owain Arthur, Nazanin Boniadi, Tom Budge, Ismael Cruz Cordova, Tyroe Muhafidin, Sophia Nomvete, Megan Richards, Dylan Smith, Charlie Vickers and Daniel Weyman.<ref name="Meet">{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/LOTRonPrime/photos/?tab=album&album_id=2410457885934047|articlename=Meet the first members of our fellowship. #LOTRonPrime|dated=15 January 2020|website=Facebook|accessed=15 January 2020}}</ref>

In December 2020, it was announced that 20 actors have been added to the cast; Cynthia Addai-Robinson, Maxim Baldry (reported to have joined back in October 2019), Ian Blackburn, Kip Chapman, Anthony Crum, Maxine Cunliffe, Trystan Gravelle, Sir Lenny Henry, Thusitha Jayasundera, Fabian McCallum, Simon Merrells, Geoff Morrell, Peter Mullan, Lloyd Owen, Augustus Prew, Peter Tait, Alex Tarrant, Leon Wadham, Benjamin Walker and Sara Zwangobani.<ref name="VA20">{{webcite|author=Joe Otterson|articleurl=http://variety.com/2020/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-cast-1234845274/|articlename=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Adds 20 Actors to Cast|dated=3 December 2020|website=[http://variety.com/ Variety]|accessed=3 December 2020}}</ref>

In March 2021, Tom Budge announced that he had departed the series after filming several episodes. He explained that Amazon had decided to go in a different direction with his character after reviewing the first episodes.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.instagram.com/p/CMZnFx-HkAp/|articlename=Tom Budge on Instagram|dated=14 March 2021|website=[http://instagram.com/ Instagram]|accessed=5 April 2021}}</ref>

In July 2021 Charles Edwards, Will Fletcher, Amelie Child-Villiers, and Beau Cassidy were added to the first season's cast that July.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/amazon-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-cast-1234976309/|articlename=Amazon’s ‘Lord of the Rings’ Rounds Out Sprawling Cast (Exclusive)
|dated=1 July 2021|website=Hollywood Reporter|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref> A third of the first season's 124 speaking roles, including seven of the 32 major recurring roles, went to New Zealand actors.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.newsroom.co.nz/page//govt-hopes-amazon-will-come-back-to-film-more-seasons|articlename=Return of the Rings: Govt hopes Amazon will come back to film more seasons
|dated=5 August 2021|website=[https://www.newsroom.co.nz Newsroom|accessed=21 August 2021}}</ref>

===Filming===
====Season 1====
[[File:The Rings of Power (TV series) - Adar poster.jpg|thumb|One of the promotional posters released on February 2022]]
Although pre-production on the series reportedly began in June 2018 in [[Auckland]], filming began on [[14 March]] [[2020]]<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.gamespot.com//articles/lord-of-the-rings-tv-show-director-shares-a-behind/1100-6474422/|articlename=
Lord Of The Rings TV Show Director Shares A Behind-The-Scenes Photo
|dated=15 March 2020|website=[https://www.gamespot.com Gamespot]|accessed=25 August 2021}}</ref> in Auckland primarily at Kumeu Film Studios and Auckland Film Studios.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/entertainment/new-zealand-set-to-be-location-for-lord-of-the-rings-1-5-billion-tv-show/|articlename=New $1.5b LOTR TV series set to film in Auckland|dated=30 June 2019|website=[https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz Newstalk ZB]|accessed=25 August 2021}}</ref> Location filming took place around Auckland in February.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.theonering.net/torwp/2020/02/21/107557-exclusive-spy-report-from-the-set-of-amazons-lotr-with-photos/|articlename=EXCLUSIVE:Spy Report from the Set of Amazon's LOTR with photos |dated=21 February 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Filming for the first two episodes was expected to continue through May,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/homed/real-estate/118857705/lord-of-the-rings-tv-amazon-studios-puts-out-call-for-homes-for-cast-and-crew|articlename=Lord of the Rings TV: Amazon Studios puts out call for homes for cast and crew|dated=21 February 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> with a four or five-month production break then planned during which footage for the two episodes would be reviewed and writing on the second season would begin.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2019/11/the-lord-of-the-rings-series-renewed-season-2-amazon-early-renewal-season-1-hiatus-writers-room-reassembled-1202788730/|articlename=
‘The Lord Of the Rings’ Series Gets Early Season 2 Renewal By Amazon, Sets Season 1 Hiatus
|dated=19 January 2020|website=[https://deadline.com DEADLINE]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>Production was scheduled to resume in mid-October and continue until late June 2021.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/homed/real-estate/118857705/lord-of-the-rings-tv-amazon-studios-puts-out-call-for-homes-for-cast-and-crew|articlename= Lord of the Rings TV: Amazon Studios puts out call for homes for cast and crew|dated=19 January 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff.co]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> However, filming was placed on hold indefinitely in mid-March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with around 800 cast and crew members told to stay home.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/coronavirus-amazons-lord-of-the-rings-production-in-west-auckland-shut-down/JZE3ZEXWQQIQJXH4KYENFR3LRY/?c_id=3&objectid=12316871|articlename=
Coronavirus: Amazon's Lord of the Rings production in West Auckland shut down
|dated=15 March 2020|website=[https://www.nzherald.co.nz NZherald]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> In early May, the majority of filming for the first two episodes was confirmed to have been completed before the COVID-19 shutdown. Filming on the series was allowed to resume then under new safety guidelines from the New Zealand government, but, instead of completing filming for the first two episodes at that time, the filming shutdown segued into the intended production break, with filming for the first two episodes set to be completed once filming on further episodes was ready to begin.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2020/05/new-zealand-returns-to-production-paving-way-for-avatar-sequels-to-resume-live-action-filming-1202929138/|articlename=
New Zealand Returns To Production, Paving Way For ‘Avatar’ Sequels & ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series To Resume Filming |dated=7 May 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>

It was reported that the TV series was one of seven film and television productions that were granted exemptions to allow cast and crew members to enter New Zealand while its borders were closed to non-New Zealanders due to [[Wikipedia:COVID-19|COVID-19]]. The exemptions were granted before [[June 18]] by Economic Development Minister Phil Twyford, and applied to 93 members of the production as well as 20 family members. Around 10 percent of the series' crew were believed to be non-[[New Zealand|New Zealanders]], and many of them had remained in the country during its pandemic lockdown and did not require exemptions. Pre-production on further episodes began by July [[2020]],<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/122012197/revealed-the-six-productions-joining-avatar-in-getting-border-exemptions|articlename=
Revealed: The six productions joining Avatar in getting border exemptions
|dated=3 July 2020|website=[https://www.stuff.co.nz Stuff.co]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> and filming on the series resumed on [[September 28]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2020/09/the-lord-of-the-rings-resumes-production-amazon-new-zealand-cowboy-bebop-netflix-dtart-of-production-1234584918/|articlename=
Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Resumes Production In New Zealand, Netflix’s ‘Cowboy Bebop’ Next
|dated=28 September 2020|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Bayona completed filming on his episodes by December 23,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://comicbook.com/tv-shows/news/amazons-lord-of-the-rings-pilot-wrapped-filming/|articlename= Amazon's Lord Of The Rings Pilot Has Wrapped Filming
|dated=25 December 2020|website=[https://comicbook.com ComicBook]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> with production on further episodes set to begin in January 2021 following a two week break for Christmas.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/spy-lunch-of-the-rings-the-lotr-star-spotted-on-waiheke/WFTPOF2VTQ272HKL6NT2QLHHQI/|articlename=
Spy: Lunch of the Rings? The LOTR star spotted on Waiheke
|dated=19 December 2020|website=[https://www.nzherald.co.nz NZherald]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> Yip confirmed that he had begun filming his episodes by March,<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-wayne-che-yip-1234936829/|articlename= ‘Lord of the Rings’ Series Adds Director Wayne Che Yip as Co-Executive Producer
|dated=24 March 2021|website=[https://variety.com Variety]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref> and Brändström was in New Zealand for production on the series when she was announced as director in May.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://deadline.com/2021/05/the-witcher-charlotte-brandstrom-amazons-the-lord-of-the-rings-series-1234755360/|articlename= ‘The Witcher’ Director Charlotte Brändström Joins Amazon’s ‘The Lord Of The Rings’ Series |dated=13 May 2021|website=[https://deadline.com Deadline]|accessed=26 December 2021}}</ref>

==Marketing==
On [[19 January]] 2022, Amazon revealed of the series' full title. Instead of creating a title reveal with visual effects, the studio released an announcement video in which the letters of the title are physically cast from molten metal while an excerpt of the "[[Ring Verse]]" from ''The Lord of the Rings'' is read in voiceover. The video was directed by Klaus Obermeyer, who worked with special effects supervisor Lee Nelson under advisement by veteran special effects supervisor [[Douglas Trumbull]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2022/01/19/111840-prime-videos-the-lord-of-the-rings-title-reveal-exclusive-behind-the-scenes-images/|articlename=Prime Video's The Lord of the Rings TITLE REVEAL - EXCLUSIVE Behind the Scenes images|dated=3 February 2022|website=[https://www.polygon.com/ Polygon]|accessed=4 February 2022}}</ref>

On [[3 February]] 2022, Amazon Studios revealed a series of character posters for the series.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://www.polygon.com/22915948/lord-of-the-rings-of-power-characters-posters|articlename=Amazon’s first Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power character posters are a guessing game|dated=4 February 2022|website=[https://www.polygon.com/ Polygon]|accessed=4 February 2022}}</ref> On 10 February, a "first look" was revealed with photos of some of the characters,<ref name="VanityFair">{{webcite|author=Anthony Breznican & Joanna Robinson|articleurl=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2022/02/amazon-the-rings-of-power-series-first-look|articlename=Amazon’s Lord of the Rings Series Rises: Inside The Rings of Power
|dated=10-Feb-2022|website=VanityFair|accessed=20-July-2022}}</ref> followed by the release of the teaser trailer on 13 February during Super Bowl LVI.<ref>{{webcite|author=Erin Carson and Jennifer Bisset|articleurl=https://www.cnet.com/culture/entertainment/amazon-introduces-lord-of-the-rings-the-rings-of-power-in-new-trailer/|articlename=Amazon Introduces 'Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power' in New Trailer|website=[http://www.cnet.com/ CNet]|accessed=9 April 2022}}</ref> The official watch party for the trailer was hosted on YouTube by [[TheOneRing.net]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2022/02/07/111973-official-lotr-trailer-watch-party-for-prime-videos-rings-of-power-to-be-hosted-by-torn/|articlename=Official LOTR Trailer Watch party for Prime Video’s Rings of Power to be hosted by TORn!|website=[https://www.theonering.net/ TheOneRing.net]|accessed=9 April 2022}}</ref>

On [[14 July]], Amazon released another trailer for the series online.<ref>{{webcite|author=William Goodman|articleurl=https://www.gq.com/story/lord-of-the-rings-rings-of-power-trailer|articlename=What the ‘Lord of the Rings: Rings of Power’ Trailer Reveals About the New Prequel Series
|dated=14 July 2022|website=[https://www.gq.com Get Go]|accessed=22 July 2022}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[:Category:Images from The Rings of Power (TV series)|Category:Images from ''The Rings of Power'' TV series]]
* [[The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power Season 1 Soundtrack|''The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power'' Season 1 Soundtrack]]

== External links ==
* [http://www.amazon.com/adlp/lotronprime Official website]
* [http://www.facebook.com/LOTRonPrime/ Official Facebook page]
* [http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5gNthckomHt36m9-WH042Q/ Youtube channel]
* https://www.fandom.com/articles/lord-rings-power-hidden-character-details
* https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/entertainment/lord-of-the-rings-numenor-images
* https://www.looper.com/962547/robert-aramayo-sheds-light-on-a-younger-elrond-in-rings-of-power-exclusive-interview/?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter
* https://time.com/6205837/the-rings-of-power-amazon-most-expensive/

{{References}}

{{title|italics}}
[[Category:Television series]]
[[Category:Upcoming productions]]
[[fr:divertissements/adaptations/series/lsda_amazon]]
[[fi:The Lord of the Rings (Amazon)]]

Atli Spider-bane

2022-08-31T15:45:16Z

Tuorist: link

{{Adaptation}}
{{rewrite}}{{LOTRO character infobox
| image=[[File:Atli Spiderbane-LOTRO-1.jpg|200px]]
| name=Atli Spider-bane
| othernames=
| titles=Spider-bane
| realm=
| affiliation=[[Durin's Folk]], People of [[Archet]]
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| race=Dwarf
| gender=Male
| hair=Grey/White
| eyes=
| weapons=
}}In [[The Lord of the Rings Online]], one of the characters the player comes across is '''Atli Spider-bane''', a [[Dwarves|Dwarf]] from [[Durin's Folk]] who travelled [[Eriador]] to fight spiders. He eventually went to [[Archet]] to aid it's people against spiders settled in ''The Old East Pass'', near Archet's east gate,<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar]], ''Spiders at the Walls''</ref> and who had over-run [[List of minor The Lord of the Rings Online characters in Bree-land#Cal Sprigley|Cal Sprigley]]'s farm.<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar]], ''A Threat from Spiders''</ref> He also aided Jon Brackenbrook and the player during the Assault of Archet. He appears rarely, if at all, after the introduction of the game.

{{references}}
[[Category:Dwarves from adaptations]]
[[Category:The Lord of the Rings Online characters]]

The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game

2022-08-31T15:19:36Z

Tuorist: Deluxe expansions

[[Image:The Lord of the Rings- The Card Game.png|right]]
'''''The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game''''' is a card-based game released by [[Fantasy Flight Games]]. The game is set during the seventeen year period between Bilbo's 111th birthday, and Frodo's departure from Bag End. ''The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game'' was first announced on [[3 August]] [[2010]],<ref>[http://www.fantasyflightgames.com/edge_news.asp?eidn=1528 Fantasy Flight Games News] at [http://www.fantasyflightgames.com/ Fantasyflightgames.com](accessed 4 August 2010)</ref> and was released on [[20 April]] [[2011]].<ref>[http://www.middleearthnews.net/2011/04/fantasy-flight-games-releases-lord-of.html Fantasy Flight Games releases The Lord of the Rings Card Game] at [http://www.middleearthnews.net/ Middle-earth News.net] (accessed 15 May 2011)</ref>

It is a [http://www.fantasyflightgames.com/edge_npm.asp?eidm=14 Living Card Game], which differs from collectible card games in that each expansion is released in fixed packs with no randomness. There are, therefore, no "rare" or "common" cards which creates an even playing pool and a system that is easy to collect and fully playable with only the core set and any number of expansions.

==Gameplay==

[[file:aragornlcg.png|thumb|left|Sample Player Card]]The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game is nearly unique in that it is one of the few cooperative Living Card Games. The players (1-4) work together to defeat the scenario and complete each quest. While the Core Set comes with pre-constructed decks, players are encouraged to create their own starting with up to three hero characters (who start in play) from the spheres of influence.

The player cards are represented through four "spheres", which relate to various spheres of influence seen in the source material. The four spheres are:
* [[file:tactics.png|15px]] Tactics (combat, direct damage)
* [[file:leadership.png|15px]] Leadership (resource management, global effects)
* [[file:spirit.png|15px]] Spirit (willpower, cancellation effects)
* [[file:lore.png|15px]] Lore (card draw effects, encounter deck manipulation)

Decks can be constructed using any combination of spheres, but there must be a "resource match" to play the cards from the various spheres. This is done by using the native sphere of the hero, or by giving the hero a new sphere through "song" cards and other effects. Player decks are then composed of varying numbers and combinations of player card types: Allies, Attachments, and Events. The minimum deck size is 50 cards with a maximum of 3 copies per card.

Once decks are constructed, the players choose a quest scenario and begin setup according to the quest cards. This is where the encounter deck is constructed and shuffled, representing the difficulties the players will face as they complete their quest.

The game is then played in rounds consisting of seven phases, some containing different steps.
[[file:Lotr-lcg-layout-final.png|thumb|right|sample play area from official site]]
#Resource Phase - players draw one card and each hero gains one resource
#Planning Phase - starting with the first player, each player may play Events, Attachments, or Allies from his hand
#Quest Phase - players commit characters to the quest, reveal encounter cards, and resolve
#Travel Phase - if there is no active location, players choose a revealed location and travel there
#Encounter Phase - players engage enemies from the staging area for combat
#Combat Phase - players defend enemy attacks, then attack enemies engaged with them.
#Refresh Phase - players ready all exhausted characters and increase their threat trackers by one

Many cards have different effects that can be triggered throughout a round of play to modify or circumvent these rules. Part of the enjoyment of the game is coming up with new ways of beating the various scenarios. Once the completion are requirements are met on the last quest phase (either quest progress, defeated enemies, or captured cards) then the players win. If all heroes are discarded or player threat level reaches 50, then the game is over and the players have lost.

==Saga Expansions==
[[File:the-black-riders.jpg|thumb|right|Black Riders box]]
The game has also featured "Saga Expansions", which follow the events of the books directly, as opposed to the original, tangential quests set before The Lord of the Rings. Each expansion contains three scenarios following a different segment of Tolkien's works. The gameplay of these expansions differs from the usual cycles in that there is a "campaign mode" of sorts in each. For the Hobbit, this gives access to "treasure" cards if certain objectives are met in particular quests. The campaign mode for the Lord of the Rings saga expansions is more involved, and players earn access to both "boons" and "burdens." Furthermore, if a hero dies during the campaign, the players are not allowed to use that hero in future scenarios.

The first two cover the events of The Hobbit. After that, the Lord of the Rings saga expansions each correspond to one of the six books in The Lord of the Rings.

*''The Hobbit: Over Hill and Under Hill'' (2012)
*''The Hobbit: On the Doorstep'' (2013)
*''The Lord of the Rings: The Black Riders'' (2013)
*''The Lord of the Rings: The Road Darkens'' (2014)<ref>http://www.fantasyflightgames.com/edge_news.asp?eidn=4636</ref>
*''The Lord of the Rings: The Treason of Saruman'' (23 April 2015)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2015/4/23/doom-hangs-on-a-thread</ref>
*''The Lord of the Rings: The Land of Shadow'' (19 Nov 2015)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2015/11/19/into-the-spiders-lair</ref>
*''The Lord of the Rings: Flame of the West'' (4 Aug 2016)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2016/4/26/the-flame-of-the-west</ref>
*''The Lord of the Rings: The Mountain of Fire'' (5 Oct 2017)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2017/10/5/hour-of-the-shire-folk/</ref>

==Deluxe Expansions==
*''The Lord of the Rings: Khazad-dum<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/products/khazad-dum-expansion/</ref>''
*''The Lord of the Rings: Heirs of Numenor<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/products/heirs-of-numenor-expansion/</ref>''
*''The Lord of the Rings: The Voice of Isengard<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/products/the-voice-of-isengard-expansion/</ref>''
*''The Lord of the Rings: The Lost Realm<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/products/the-lost-realm-expansion/</ref>''
*''The Lord of the Rings: The Grey Havens<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/products/grey-havens/</ref>''
*''The Lord of the Rings: The Sands of Harad<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/products/sands-harad/</ref>''
*''The Lord of the Rings: The Wilds of Rhovanion<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/products/wilds-rhovanion/</ref>''
*''The Lord of the Rings: A Shadow in the East<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/products/shadow-east/</ref>''

==Print-On-Demand Scenarios==
Periodically, as special releases for the annual [http://www.gencon.com GenCon] event, the designers will create standalone scenarios of especial difficulty. After the initial release at GenCon, they are then available from Fantasy Flight Games via their print-on-demand system.

*''The Massing at Osgiliath'' (2011)
In this scenario you are defending the city of [[Osgiliath]] from a massive horde of orcs an Easterlings attempting to take the city. The quest involves high numbers of enemies and effects that change depending on which side of the river [[Anduin]] you are on.

*''The Battle of Lake-town'' (2012)
Largely considered the most difficult quest currently in the game, this scenario recreates the battle against [[Smaug]] at [[Esgaroth]]. The players seek to defend the city and keep it from burning.

*''The Stone of Erech'' (2013)
This scenario sees a young [[Derufin]] running off to investigate the [[Stone of Erech]] and the heroes must go and save him, encountering the Army of the Dead along the way. The quest features the "spectral" keyword, which changes how the players attack enemies, as well as a time mechanic, through which the night deepens and the wights grow more powerful.

*''The Old Forest'' (2014)
Released at GenCon 2014, this scenario departs from the usual quests because it is not a (very difficult) standalone quest, but an addition to Campaign Mode. The Black Riders box did not include the Old Forest or the [[Barrow-downs]] and this deck, along with a second released as part of the 2014 Fellowship Event, will cover those chapters of the book.

*''Fog on the Barrow-downs'' (2014)<ref>http://www.fantasyflightgames.com/edge_news.asp?eidn=5315</ref>
Originally released as the feature of the Fellowship Event 2014, this quest fills in another gap in the Black Riders expansion. It allows players to reenact the events of the namesake chapter from the book. Players face wights and get trapped in barrow locations.

*''The Ruins of Belegost'' (2015)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2016/2/18/new-adventures-in-middle-earth/</ref>
This scenario involves delving to what remains of [[Belegost]] in search of lost artifacts. The ruins are filled with many perils, including a fire breathing dragon named Naurlhûg.

*''Murder at the Prancing Pony'' (2015)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2016/2/18/new-adventures-in-middle-earth/</ref>
Originally released as the feature of the Fellowship Event 2015, this quest involves solving a murder mystery when [[Barliman Butterbur]] finds a dead body at the [[Prancing Pony]].

*''The Siege of Annúminas'' (2016)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2017/3/16/the-siege-of-annuminas/</ref>
The scenario was the featured event of GenCon 2016 and the Fellowship Event 2016. This scenario has the players attempting to save [[Annúminas]] against the assaulting forces of Angmar. This scenario introduced "epic multiplayer mode" in which between three and twelve players play on three concurrent stages of the quest. It was released to retail in 2017.

*''Assault on Dol Guldur'' (2017)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2017/9/14/assault-on-dol-guldur/</ref>
This scenario was the featured event of GenCon 2017 and the Fellowship Event 2017. Like Siege of Annúminas, it also supports epic multiplayer mode. In this scenario, the players take on the role the elves played in attacking [[Dol Guldur]] to defeat the [[Necromancer]]. It is not yet available from retailers.

'''Upcoming'''
*''The Wizard's Quest'' (2018)<ref>http://gencon.highprogrammer.com/gencon-2018.cgi/event/CGM18128974</ref>

'''Upcoming'''
*''The Woodland Realm'' (2018) <ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2018/11/13/decide-your-destiny/</ref>

The Wizards Quest is to be featured at Gencon 2018 and
The Woodland Realm is to be featured in the 2018 Fellowship Event.

'''Upcoming'''
*''The Mines of Moria'' (2019) <ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2019/5/16/the-long-dark-1/ </ref>
The Mines of Moria is going to be featured at Gencon 2019

==From the producers==

''The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game'' is a cooperative card game that puts 1-2 players (or up to four with two Core Sets!) in control of the most powerful characters and artifacts of Middle-earth. Players will select heroes, gather allies, acquire artifacts, and coordinate their efforts to face Middle-earth's most dangerous fiends. By cooperating to overcome the obstacles drawn from the encounter deck, you will complete the quest before you and claim victory!

The Core Set includes 216 cards that can be used to assemble a wide variety of decks right out of the box. Included are four perilous scenarios that, along with countless combinations of settings and enemies, offer near-limitless replayability. Additionally, players can build a party from a set of 16 hero cards, and focus their decks on any combination of four distinct spheres of influence: Leadership, Lore, Spirit, and Tactics. Each sphere offer unique benefits to the party, so choose wisely!

==See also==
* [[:Category:Images from The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game|Images from ''The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game'']]

==External links==
*[http://www.fantasyflightgames.com/edge_minisite.asp?eidm=129 Official website]
*[https://ringsdb.com/ RingsDB DeckBuilder]
*[http://lotrlcg.com/ LotR LCG Database] (discontinued after the Against the Shadow Cycle)
*[http://hallofbeorn.com/ Hall of Beorn Card Database]
*[http://cardboardoftherings.com/ Cardboard of the Rings Podcast]
*[http://greycompanypodcast.wordpress.com/ The Grey Company Podcast]
*[http://hallofbeorn.wordpress.com/ Hall of Beorn Blog]
*[http://talesfromthecards.wordpress.com/ Tales from the Cards Blog]
*[http://masteroflore.wordpress.com/ Master of Lore Blog]
*[http://www.lotr-lcg-quest-companion.gamersdungeon.net/ LOTR LCG Quest Companion]
{{references}}
{{card}}
[[Category:Card games|Lord of the Rings: The Card Game]]

Embracer

2022-08-31T15:01:30Z

Tuorist: added info on child companies already licencing middle-earth stuff

'''Embracer Group''' is the parent company of businesses developing and publishing games (including Asmodee<ref>https://embracer.com/about/operative-groups/asmodee-group/</ref>, the owner of [[Fantasy Flight Games]]<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2014/11/17/fantasy-flight-games-to-merge-into-the-asmodee-group-tm/</ref>). In [[2022]] they acquired the [[licensing]] rights to ''[[The Hobbit]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' that were previously held by [[Middle-earth Enterprises]].<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=https://embracer.com/release/embracer-group-enters-into-agreement-to-acquire-ip-rights-to-the-lord-of-the-rings-and-the-hobbit-literary-works-by-j-r-r-tolkien/|articlename=EMBRACER GROUP ENTERS INTO AGREEMENT TO ACQUIRE IP RIGHTS TO THE LORD OF THE RINGS AND THE HOBBIT LITERARY WORKS BY J.R.R TOLKIEN|dated=18 August 2022|website=https://embracer.com|accessed=18 August 2022}}</ref>

==External links==
* [https://embracer.com Official website]

{{references}}

[[Category:Businesses]]

Lord of the Rings: The Confrontation

2022-08-31T14:53:22Z

Tuorist:

Lord of the Rings: The Confrontation is a two-player board game, made in 2013<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2013/11/27/return-to-middle-earth/</ref> by [[Fantasy Flight Games]] in which one player controls the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] and the other player wields the forces of [[Sauron]].<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/lord-of-the-rings-the-confrontation/</ref>

{{references}}

Lord of the Rings: The Confrontation

2022-08-31T14:51:36Z

Tuorist: Created page with "Lord of the Rings: The Confrontation is a two-player board game, made in 2013<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2013/11/27/return-to-middle-earth/</ref> in which..."

Lord of the Rings: The Confrontation is a two-player board game, made in 2013<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2013/11/27/return-to-middle-earth/</ref> in which one player controls the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] by [[Fantasy Flight Games]] and the other player wields the forces of [[Sauron]].<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/lord-of-the-rings-the-confrontation/</ref>

{{references}}

Fantasy Flight Games

2022-08-31T14:44:53Z

Tuorist: link correction

The company that created [[The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game]]<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/</ref>, [[Lord of the Rings (board game)]]<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/lord-of-the-rings-the-board-game/</ref>, [[The Lord of the Rings: Journeys in Middle-earth]]<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-journeys-in-middle-earth/</ref> and [[Lord of the Rings: The Confrontation]].<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/lord-of-the-rings-the-confrontation/</ref>

It's a subdivision of Asmodee (since 2014)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2014/11/17/fantasy-flight-games-to-merge-into-the-asmodee-group-tm/</ref> and the [[Embracer Group]].<ref>https://embracer.com/about/operative-groups/asmodee-group/</ref>

==External links==
* [https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/ Official website]

{{references}}

Fantasy Flight Games

2022-08-31T14:42:10Z

Tuorist: list of middle-earth products and links

The company that created [[The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game]]<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/</ref>, [[Lord of the Rings (board game)]]<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/lord-of-the-rings-the-board-game/</ref>, [[Lord of the Rings: Journeys in Middle-earth]]<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-journeys-in-middle-earth/</ref> and [[Lord of the Rings: The Confrontation]].<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/lord-of-the-rings-the-confrontation/</ref>

It's a subdivision of Asmodee (since 2014)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2014/11/17/fantasy-flight-games-to-merge-into-the-asmodee-group-tm/</ref> and the [[Embracer Group]].<ref>https://embracer.com/about/operative-groups/asmodee-group/</ref>

==External links==
* [https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/ Official website]

{{references}}

Lord of the Rings (board game)

2022-08-31T14:37:22Z

Tuorist: link

{{disambig-more|Lord of the Rings|[[The Lord of the Rings (disambiguation)]]}}
{{board game infobox
| image=[[File:Lord of the Rings board game.jpg|250px]]
| name=Lord of the Rings
| designer=Reiner Knizia
| publisher=[[Sophisticated Games]] (developer)
| releasedate=[[2000]]
| players=2-5
| ages=12+
}}
'''Lord of the Rings''' is a board game designed by [[Reiner Knizia]] based on [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''. The game was published in [[2000]] by Kosmos and [[Fantasy Flight Games]]. It features artwork by illustrator [[John Howe]].

The board game is unusual in that it is a cooperative board game — each player plays a [[hobbits|hobbit]] in the party, and the party will succeed or fail as a group to destroy [[the One Ring]], thus winning or losing the game.

==Gameplay==
Game play is centered on advancement through series of scenarios corresponding to the adventures of the books. Players turn tiles and play cards in order to move forward, and collect and spend tokens to avoid advancement toward the Dark Lord [[Sauron]]. In dire situations, tokens may be spent to call for the assistance of [[Gandalf]], or the One Ring may be used to speed advancement at the cost of moving closer toward Sauron.

Players are eliminated by being on the same space as Sauron or by being behind him.

== Expansion Packs ==
Three expansions currently exist, the '''Friends & Foes Expansion''', '''Sauron Expansion''', in which one player takes the role of Sauron and plays against all others, and a new expansion, '''Battlefields'''. It is commonly said by the players who use the expansions, that with each one you add to the main game, the more challenging the game becomes.

== Limited Edition ==
The game was also released in a "Limited Edition" version, limited to 250 German and 500 English copies. The set features a box signed by game designer Knizia and illustrator Howe, as well as an art print limited to 750 copies, created and signed by Howe. The game board and pieces are identical to the standard version, with the exception of pewter hobbit character pieces and a 22-kt. gold One Ring. List price for this version was approximately $300.

== Awards ==
* [[2001]] - '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiel_des_Jahres| Spiel des Jahres]''', Special Award for Best Use of Literature in a Game.

== External Links ==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_of_the_Rings_%28board_game%29 Wikipedia article]
*[http://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/823/lord-of-the-rings Lord of the Rings] at [http://boardgamegeek.com/ BoardGameGeek]
* [http://freespace.virgin.net/chris.lawson/rk/lotr/faq.htm Lord of the Rings Board Game FAQ]
{{title}}
[[Category:Board games]]

Fantasy Flight Games

2022-08-31T14:29:50Z

Tuorist: external links

The company that created [[The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game]].

It's a subdivision of Asmodee (since 2014)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2014/11/17/fantasy-flight-games-to-merge-into-the-asmodee-group-tm/</ref> and the [[Embracer Group]].<ref>https://embracer.com/about/operative-groups/asmodee-group/</ref>

==External links==
* [https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/ Official website]

{{references}}

Fantasy Flight Games

2022-08-31T14:27:47Z

Tuorist: Created page with "The company that created The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game. It's a subdivision of Asmodee (since 2014)<ref>https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2014/11/17/fanta..."

Middle-earth Enterprises

2022-08-31T14:19:34Z

Tuorist: gr.

[[Image:Middle-earth Enterprises.png|frame|Middle-earth Enterprises logo]]
'''Middle-earth Enterprises''', formerly ''Tolkien Enterprises'' (sometimes abbreviated to ''TE''), is the division of the [[Embracer Group]] to manage it's licenses for ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' and ''[[The Hobbit]]''.

==History==
In [[1969]], [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] sold certain rights to [[United Artists]], for US$250,000.<ref>John Ezard, "[http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2001/dec/14/lordoftherings.jrrtolkien So, would Tolkien have liked the film?]", ''The Guardian'' ([[14 December|December 14]], [[2001]])</ref> This was then resold to independent producer [[Saul Zaentz]] in [[1976]]. [[Ralph Bakshi]], who had tried to argue with United Artists over an animated feature film for years, found more success with Zaentz. With a budget of US$7 million, it became quite an endeavour.<ref>[[Barry Langford]], "Bakshi, Ralph", published in ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia]]'' (edited by [[Michael D.C. Drout]]), pp. 48-50</ref>

[[Image:Tolkien Enterprises.jpg|250px|right|thumb|Tolkien Enterprises logo]]

After Bakshi's box office failure, and the non-success of the [[Rankin/Bass]] productions, Zaentz was reluctant to market another adaptation, but would grant license to [[Peter Jackson]] if he could find a production studio. After being turned down by [[Miramax]], [[New Line Cinema]] went ahead with [[The Lord of the Rings]].<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (extended edition)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (extended edition)]]'', "[[From Book to Vision]]"</ref>

In 2022 the Swedish holding company [[Embracer Group]] bought Middle-earth Enterprises, along with the rights for Lord of the Rings and Hobbit adaptations.<ref>https://embracer.com/release/embracer-group-enters-into-agreement-to-acquire-ip-rights-to-the-lord-of-the-rings-and-the-hobbit-literary-works-by-j-r-r-tolkien/</ref>

==Ownership==
Middle-earth Enterprises holds marketing and licensing rights for the titles ''The Hobbit'' and ''The Lord of the Rings'', and many proper names and short phrases from the books. As a consequence, they also own all stage and cinema rights to these two books, and the related merchandising rights.<ref>[[Chester N. Scoville]], "Estate", published in ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia]]'' (edited by [[Michael D.C. Drout]]), pp. 175-6</ref>

==Current Licensees==
* [[New Line Cinema]]
* [[Electronic Arts]]
* [[Turbine]]
* [[Games Workshop]]
* [[The Lord of the Rings Musical]]
* [[Danbury Mint]]
* [[Game Systems]]
* [[US Games Systems]]
* [[Sophisticated Games]]
* [[Lladro]]
* [[Royal Selangor]]
* [[Mithril Miniatures]]<ref>[http://www.middleearth.com/ Middleearth.com], "[http://www.middleearth.com/current_licensees.html Current Licensees]"</ref>

==External links==
* '''[http://www.middleearth.com/ Official website]'''
* {{WP|{{PAGENAME}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}
* Tamer Asfahani, "[http://www.incgamers.com/2009/02/incgamers-tolkien-ip-license/ Tolkien IP License]", at [http://www.incgamers.com/index.php IncGamers]

==See also==
* [[Middle-earth Enterprises/Copyrights]]
* [[Saul Zaentz]]
* [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)]]

{{references}}

[[Category:Businesses]]
[[Category:American businesses]]

Middle-earth Enterprises

2022-08-31T14:18:59Z

Tuorist: Purchase by Embracer Group

[[Image:Middle-earth Enterprises.png|frame|Middle-earth Enterprises logo]]
'''Middle-earth Enterprises''', formerly ''Tolkien Enterprises'' (sometimes abbreviated to ''TE''), is the division of [[Embracer Group]] to manage it's licenses for ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' and ''[[The Hobbit]]''.

==History==
In [[1969]], [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] sold certain rights to [[United Artists]], for US$250,000.<ref>John Ezard, "[http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2001/dec/14/lordoftherings.jrrtolkien So, would Tolkien have liked the film?]", ''The Guardian'' ([[14 December|December 14]], [[2001]])</ref> This was then resold to independent producer [[Saul Zaentz]] in [[1976]]. [[Ralph Bakshi]], who had tried to argue with United Artists over an animated feature film for years, found more success with Zaentz. With a budget of US$7 million, it became quite an endeavour.<ref>[[Barry Langford]], "Bakshi, Ralph", published in ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia]]'' (edited by [[Michael D.C. Drout]]), pp. 48-50</ref>

[[Image:Tolkien Enterprises.jpg|250px|right|thumb|Tolkien Enterprises logo]]

After Bakshi's box office failure, and the non-success of the [[Rankin/Bass]] productions, Zaentz was reluctant to market another adaptation, but would grant license to [[Peter Jackson]] if he could find a production studio. After being turned down by [[Miramax]], [[New Line Cinema]] went ahead with [[The Lord of the Rings]].<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (extended edition)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (extended edition)]]'', "[[From Book to Vision]]"</ref>

In 2022 the Swedish holding company [[Embracer Group]] bought Middle-earth Enterprises, along with the rights for Lord of the Rings and Hobbit adaptations.<ref>https://embracer.com/release/embracer-group-enters-into-agreement-to-acquire-ip-rights-to-the-lord-of-the-rings-and-the-hobbit-literary-works-by-j-r-r-tolkien/</ref>

==Ownership==
Middle-earth Enterprises holds marketing and licensing rights for the titles ''The Hobbit'' and ''The Lord of the Rings'', and many proper names and short phrases from the books. As a consequence, they also own all stage and cinema rights to these two books, and the related merchandising rights.<ref>[[Chester N. Scoville]], "Estate", published in ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia]]'' (edited by [[Michael D.C. Drout]]), pp. 175-6</ref>

==Current Licensees==
* [[New Line Cinema]]
* [[Electronic Arts]]
* [[Turbine]]
* [[Games Workshop]]
* [[The Lord of the Rings Musical]]
* [[Danbury Mint]]
* [[Game Systems]]
* [[US Games Systems]]
* [[Sophisticated Games]]
* [[Lladro]]
* [[Royal Selangor]]
* [[Mithril Miniatures]]<ref>[http://www.middleearth.com/ Middleearth.com], "[http://www.middleearth.com/current_licensees.html Current Licensees]"</ref>

==External links==
* '''[http://www.middleearth.com/ Official website]'''
* {{WP|{{PAGENAME}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}
* Tamer Asfahani, "[http://www.incgamers.com/2009/02/incgamers-tolkien-ip-license/ Tolkien IP License]", at [http://www.incgamers.com/index.php IncGamers]

==See also==
* [[Middle-earth Enterprises/Copyrights]]
* [[Saul Zaentz]]
* [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)]]

{{references}}

[[Category:Businesses]]
[[Category:American businesses]]

Tom Shippey

2022-08-31T14:05:15Z

Tuorist: updated info

{{author infobox
| image=[[File:Tom Shippey.jpg|250px]]
| name=Thomas Alan Shippey
| born=[[9 September]] [[1943]]
| died=
| education=[[Oxford University]]
| occupation=Academic Author Philologist
| location=
| website=
}}
'''Thomas Alan Shippey''', Ph.D. ([[9 September]], [[1943]]) is one of the most well known scholars on [[J.R.R. Tolkien]], as well as fantasy and science fiction in general. He describes himself as a "Tolkien polemicist".<ref>Email from Tom Shippey (as of 17 February 2012) to [[User:Morgan]].</ref>

==Life==
===Youth===
Thomas Alan Shippey was born to the engineer Ernest Shippey and his wife Christina Emily Kjelgaard in [[Wikipedia:Calcutta|Calcutta]], [[Wikipedia:British Raj|British India]], where his father worked as a bridge builder. He spent the first several years of his life there.<ref name="hanley">Paul Hanley, [http://media.www.unewsonline.com/media/storage/paper953/news/2008/02/08/News/Let-Us.Introduce.You.To.Thomas.Shippey.Ph.d-3198399.shtml ''Let us introduce you to ... Thomas Shippey, Ph.D.''] </ref> When his father came back from the bridge, he transferred Shippey to a strict boarding school in Scotland, where he attended at [[King Edward's School]] in [[Birmingham]] from 1954 to 1960.<ref name="Preface">Tom Shippey, ''[[The Road to Middle-earth]]'', Preface to the Third Edition</ref>

Here he was introduced to science fiction, and ''[[The Hobbit]]'', which was lent to him when he was 14 years old.<ref name="white">Claire E. White, [http://www.writerswrite.com/journal/mar02/shippey.htm ''Talking Tolkien With Thomas Shippey]''</ref> Shippey quickly developed an affinity for [[Old English]], Old Norse, German and Latin (like Tolkien) and playing rugby (like Tolkien), and he was able to afford ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' when he won a school contest.<ref name="hanley"/>

===Academic career===
Shippey did not immediately pursue an academic career after graduation, as the British economy in the early 1960s did not offer much work. Not until the mid-sixties did he enroll in [[Cambridge]].<ref name="white"/> His first academic work on Tolkien was from late 1969 or early 1970. Shippey, a junior lecturer at the University of Birmingham, was asked to speak at a Tolkien day organised by a student association. That lecture, "Tolkien as philologist", would form Shippey's view of Tolkien - a philologist - for years to come. Unbeknownst to him, [[Joy Hill]], the private secretary of Tolkien, was in the audience. After the lecture, she asked him for the script, for Tolkien to read. Tolkien wrote to Shippey on [[13 April|April 13]], [[1970]], with what first seemed like a formal reply.<ref name="Preface"/>

The first meeting between Shippey and Tolkien took place in [[1972]]. [[Norman Davis]], successor of Tolkien at the Merton Chair of English Language, invited Shippey over for dinner. Shippey, then a Fellow of [[Oxford University|St. John's College]], taught Old and Middle English with Tolkien's syllabus, and his meeting with Tolkien at the dinner left him full of professional piety.<ref name="Preface"/>

After Tolkien's death, Shippey's admiration only grew. His first printed essay, "Creation from Philology in ''The Lord of the Rings''", was much of an elaboration of his 1970 lecture. In 1979, he was elected to the Chair of English Language and Medieval English Literature at the [[Leeds University|University of Leeds]], a former position of Tolkien. He published his first book, the famed ''[[The Road to Middle-earth]]'', in [[1982]]. At this time, Shippey shifted from the view of Tolkien as a philologist to a view of a post-war writer, or what he called "traumatised authors", like [[wikipedia:Kurt Vonnegut|Vonnegut]] and [[wikipedia:William Golding|Golding]].<ref name="Preface"/>

After 14 years at Leeds, Shippey moved to the [[wikipedia:Saint Louis University|Saint Louis University]], where he was elected to the Walter J. Ong Chair of Humanities. Here, he could focus in teaching, research and publishing, rather than administrative work. He currently still holds this chair.<ref name="hanley"/>

===Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings===
Being considered the foremost expert on Tolkien, Shippey appeared in several documentaries surrounding [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]. He also assisted the dialect coaches<ref name="white"/> and is personally thanked in the closing credits.<ref name="imdb">[http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0794142/ Tom Shippey] at [http://www.imdb.com/ IMDb]</ref> He later recollected his experiences:
{{quote|The funny thing about interviews is you never know which bits they're going to pick. It always feels as if they sit you down, shine bright lights in your eyes, and ask you questions till you say something really silly, and that's the bit they choose. At least they didn't waterboard me. But it was good fun, and I'd cheerfully do it again.|Tom Shippey<ref>[http://www.tolkienlibrary.com/press/885-Tom_Shippey_chat_session.php Transcript of chat session with Pr. Tom Shippey during The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrun Online Release Party (09.05.09)] at [[Pieter Collier|TolkienLibrary]]</ref>}}

===Amazon's Rings of Power===
He worked as a Tolkien scholar for the Amazon's [[The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power]] show, but parted his ways with the project in 2020 for undisclosed reasons.<ref>https://www.cbr.com/report-tom-shippey-out-at-amazon-lord-of-the-rings/</ref>.

==Parallels==
Many commenters have noticed many parallels between his life and Tolkien's:
* Both Shippey and Tolkien were born in a colony.
* Both Shippey and Tolkien moved to [[Birmingham]] at a young age.
* Both Shippey and Tolkien pursued an academic career in [[Oxford]] and [[Leeds]].

==Bibliography==
The list below is extensive, but not complete.
===Books===
* [[1982]]: ''[[The Road to Middle-earth]]'' (first edition)
* [[1993]]: ''The Road to Middle-earth'' (second edition)
* [[2001]]: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien: Author of the Century]]''
* [[2003]]: ''The Road to Middle-earth'' (third edition)
* [[2007]]: ''[[Roots and Branches|Roots and Branches: Selected papers on Tolkien]]''

===Articles===
* [[1975]]: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien: Scholar and Storyteller|J.R.R. Tolkien, Scholar and Story-Teller: Essays in Memoriam]]''
** "Creation from Philology in ''The Lord of the Rings''"
* [[1980]]: ''[[Amon Hen 45]]''
** "A Wose by any Other Name"
* [[1988]]: ''[[Arda 1984/1985|Arda 1984]]''
** "Commentary and translation of ''The Clerkes Compleinte'' by J.R.R. Tolkien"
* [[1989]]: ''[[Amon Hen 100]]''
** "Tolkien's Academic Reputation Now"
* [[1991]]: ''[[Leaves from the Tree: J.R.R. Tolkien's Shorter Fiction]]''
** "Tolkien and ''The Homecoming of Beohrtnoth''"
* [[1991]]: ''[[Unquendor|Lembas Extra]]''
** "Heroes and Heroism: Tolkien's Problems, Tolkien's Solutions"
* [[1992]]: ''[[Arda (annual)|Arda]]'' 1987
** "Long Evolution: ''The History of Middle-earth'' and Its Merits"
* [[1993]]: ''[[Scholarship and Fantasy: The Tolkien Phenomenon]]''
** "Tolkien as a Post-War Writer" (originally lecture)
* [[1994]]: ''[[Unquendor|Lembas Extra]]''
** "Noblesse Oblige: Images of Class in Tolkien"
* [[1995]]: ''[[Proceedings of the J.R.R. Tolkien Centenary Conference]]''
** "Tolkien as a Post-War Writer" (reprinted)
** "Tolkien and the Gawain-poet"
* [[1995]]: ''[[Unquendor|Lembas Extra]]''
** "Tolkien and the West Midlands: The Roots of Romance"'
* [[1997]]: ''[[Digging Potatoes, Growing Trees|Digging Potatoes, Growing Trees - Volume 1]]''
** "Inspiration and Invention, or Where Tolkien Got Stuck" [Speech at the Tolkien Society's Annual Dinner 1980]
** "...I thought of the incident of Zeebrugge which nobody wrote about at all..." [Speech at the Tolkien Society's Annual Dinner 1983]
* [[1998]]: ''[[Digging Potatoes, Growing Trees|Digging Potatoes, Growing Trees - Volume 2]]''
** "What have these people got in common? One thing... they had all been shot at" [Speech at the Tolkien Society's Annual Dinner 1991]
* [[2000]]: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien and His Literary Resonances]]''
** "Orcs, Wraiths, Wights: Tolkien's Images of Evil"
* [[2000]]: ''Literary Appropriations of the Anglo-Saxons from the Thirteenth to the Twentieth Century''
** "The Undeveloped Image: Anglo-Saxon in Popular Consciousness from Turner to Tolkien"
* [[2000]]: "[[J.R.R. Tolkien. Modern Critical Views]]"
** "Lit. and Lang"
* [[2000]]: ''[[The Ways of Creative Mythologies]]''
** "Grimm, Grundtwig, Tolkien: Nationalisms and the Invention of Mythologies"
* [[2001]]: ''Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts'' 12/2
** "Allegory versus Bounce: Tolkien's ''Smith of Wootton Major''" (with [[Verlyn Flieger]])
* [[2001]]: ''[[Lembas (journal)|Lembas]]'' 100
** "The Versions of ''The Hoard''"
* [[2002]]: [[The Best of Amon Hen|''The Best of Amon Hen'' Part 2]]
** "Tolkien's Academic Reputation Now"
* [[2002]]: ''The Daily Telegraph'' ([[2 January|January 2]])
** "Why the Critics Must Recognize ''Lord of the Rings'' as a Classic"
* [[2002]]: ''[[A Tolkien Compass]]''
** Foreword to the Third Edition
* [[2002]]: ''[[wikipedia:World Literature Today|World Literature Today]]'' 77/2
** "From Page to Screen"
* [[2003]]: [[Christian History 78|''Chistian History'', Issue 78]]
** "A Feeling for Language"
* [[2003]]: ''[[The People's Guide to J.R.R. Tolkien]]''
** Foreword
* [[2004]]: ''[[Unquendor|Lembas Extra]]''
** "Indexing and Poetry in The Lord of the Rings"
* [[2004]]: ''[[Tolkien and the Invention of Myth: A Reader]]''
** "Tolkien and the Appeal of the Pagan: ''Edda'' and ''Kalevala''"
* [[2004]]: ''[[Tolkien Studies: Volume 1]]''
**"Light-elves, Dark-elves, and Others: Tolkien's Elvish Problem"
**"J.R.R. Tolkien, A Checklist" (with [[Douglas A. Anderson]])
* [[2005]]: ''[[Understanding The Lord of the Rings]]''
** "Another Road to Middle-earth: Jackson's Movie Trilogy"
* [[2006]]: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment]]'', entries:
** "Alliterative Verse by Tolkien"
** "Tom Buchan, John (1875-1940)"
** "Cruces in Medieval Literature"
** "[[C.S. Lewis|Lewis, C.S.]] (1898-1963)"
** "Literature, Twentieth Century: Influence of Tolkien"
** "Mythology, Germanic"
** "New Glossary of the Dialect of the Huddersfield District, A"
** "Old Norse Language"
** "Owl and the Nightingale, The"
** "Poems by Tolkien in Other Languages"
** "Poems by Tolkien: [[The Adventures of Tom Bombadil]]"
** "Poems by Tolkien: Uncollected"
** "Scholars of Medieval Literature, Influence of"
** "Ylfe, Álfar, [[Elves]]"
* [[2006]]: ''[[The Lord of the Rings 1954-2004: Scholarship in Honor of Richard E. Blackwelder]]''
** "History in Words: Tolkien's Ruling Passion"
* [[2007]]: ''[[Myth and Magic: Art according to the Inklings]]''
** "New Learning and New Ignorance: Magia, Goeteia, and the Inklings"
* [[2007]]: ''[[Silver Leaves]]'' 1
** "Tolkien Connections"
* [[2008]]: ''[[Mallorn (journal)|Mallorn]]'' 45
** "Encyclopedia of Ignorance", guest editorial
* [[2008]]: ''[[Tales from the Perilous Realm]]''
** Foreword
*[[2008]]: ''[[The Ring Goes Ever On: Proceedings of the Tolkien 2005 Conference]]''

**"Wisdom and Wise Sayings in ''The Lord of the Rings''"
* [[2009]]: ''[[Beowulf and the Dragon]]''
** Foreword
* [[2010]]: [[Mallorn 49|''Mallorn'' 49]]
** "A question of source" (review of ''[[The Epic Realm of Tolkien]]'')
* [[2011]]: ''[[Tolkien and the Study of His Sources]]''
** "Introduction: Why Source Criticism?"
*[[2011]]: [[Lembas Extra 2011|''Lembas Extra'' 2011]]
** "The Ancestors of the Hobbits, Strange Creatures in English Folklore"
* [[2012]]: [[Amon Hen 235|''Amon Hen'' 235]]
** "Professor Moorman Again"
*[[2013]]: ''El Señor de los Anillos: del libro a la pantalla''
** Foreword
* [[2013]]: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien: the Forest and the City]]''
** "Goths and Roman in Tolkien's Imagination"
*[[2013]]: ''[[Tolkien's Poetry]]''
** "Tolkien's Development as a Writer of Alliterative Poetry in Modern English"
*[[2014]]: ''[[From Peterborough to Faëry]]''
** "Jack Vance: Il ottimo fabbro"
*[[2014]]: ''[[Tolkien and Philosophy]]''
**"Tolkien between Philosophy and Philology" (with Franco Manni)
* [[2014]]: [[Mallorn 55|''Mallorn'' 55]]:
** "Reconstructing the Politics of the Dark Age"
* [[2016]]: ''[[Laughter in Middle-earth]]''
** "Foreword"
* [[2016]]: [[Mallorn 57|''Mallorn'' 57]]:
** "The Curious Case of Denethor and the Palantír, Once More"
* [[2018]]: ''[[Pagan Saints in Middle-earth]]''
** "Afterword"
* [[2018]]: [[Amon Hen 272|''Amon Hen'' 272]]
** "Tolkien and the literature of the Fourth Age" (with Leonardo Mantovani, Valérie Morisi and Simone Ronchi)
* [[2018]]: ''[[Tolkien: Maker of Middle-earth]]''
** "Tolkien and 'that noble northern spirit'"
* [[2019]]: ''[[Tolkien and the Classics]]''
** "William Morris and Tolkien: Some Unexpected Connections"

===Lectures===
* [[1970]]: ''Tolkien as Philologist'' ([[wikipedia:University of Birmingham|University of Birmingham]])
* [[1993]]: ''Tolkien as a Post-War Writer'' ([[wikipedia:University of Turku|University of Turku]])
* [[2002]]: ''Tolkien and Iceland: The Philology of Envy'' ([[wikipedia:University of Iceland|University of Iceland]], [http://www.hi.is/Apps/WebObjects/HI.woa/wa/dp?detail=1004508&name=nordals_en_greinar_og_erindi read here])
* [[2002]]: ''J.R.R. Tolkien: The Man Behind The Lord of the Rings'' (covention, [[wikipedia:Arizona State University|Arizona State University]])
**"Trees, Chainsaws, and the Visions of Paradise in J.R.R. Tolkien" (in [[2003]] also in [[wikipedia:Cleveland State University|Cleveland State University]])
* [[2004]]: ''Adapting Middle-Earth: Tolkien, the Books, and the Movies'' ([[wikipedia:Northern Illinois University|Northern Illinois University]])
* [[2004]]: ''From Page to Screen: Problems Tolkien Set for Jackson'' ([[wikipedia:Hope College|Hope College]], [[wikipedia:University of Victoria|University of Victoria]])
* [[2004]]: ''History in Words, Tolkien's Ruling Passion'' ([[Marquette University]])
* [[2005]]: ''Wisdom and the Wise in The Lord of the Rings'' ([[wikipedia:Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University|Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University]])
* [[2005]]: ''[[Tolkien 2005]]'' (convention, [[wikipedia:Aston University|Aston University]])
** "Tolkien and the War"
** "Wisdom and Wise Sayings in ''The Lord of the Rings''"
* [[2006]]: ''Narnia and Middle-Earth: Seventy Years on and Still Accelerating'' ([[wikipedia:Marymount University|Marymount University]])
* [[2007]]: ''Filming the Lord of the Rings: How Peter Jackson Coped with J.R.R. Tolkien'' ([[wikipedia:Bates College|Bates College]])
* [[2008]]: ''C.S. Lewis, the Inklings, and the Call to Christian Community'' (conference, [[Diana Glyer|Azusa Pacific University]])
** "The two Images, Discarded and Rejected?"

===Reviews===
* [[1977]]: ''The Times Literary Supplement''
** ([[13 May|May 13]]): "The Foolhardy Philologist" (review of ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography]]'' by [[Humphrey Carpenter]])
* [[1977]]: ''Oxford Mail''
** ([[15 September|September 15]]): "Silmarillion: The Oddest Tolkien Yet" (review of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'')
* [[1978]]: ''The Times Literary Supplement''
** "Return Trip" (review of ''[[The Complete Guide to Middle-earth]]''
* [[1979]]: ''[[Mallorn (journal)|Mallorn]]'' 13
** "An Introduction to Elvish" (review of ''[[An Introduction to Elvish]]'' by [[Jim Allan]])
* [[1980]]: ''Notes and Queries'' 225
** (December): "Tolkien's Art" (review of ''[[Tolkien's Art: A Mythology for England]]'' by [[Jane Chance]]'')
* [[1981]]: ''The Times Literary Supplement''
** ([[28 August|August 28]]): "A Philologist in Purgatory" (review of ''[[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]]'')
* [[1982]]: ''The Times Literary Supplement''
** ([[26 November|November 26]]): "Blunt Belligerence" (review of ''[[Mr. Bliss]]'')
* [[1995]]: ''The Library''
** (March issue): "J.R.R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography" (review of ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography]]'' by [[Wayne G. Hammond]])
* [[2001]]: ''The Times Literary Supplement''
** ([[21 December|December 21]]): "Temptations for All Time" (review of ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'')
* [[2002]]: ''The Times Literary Supplement''
** ([[20 December|December 20]]): "The Plot Unravels" (review of ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'')
* [[2004]]: ''The Times Literary Supplement''
** ([[9 January|January 9]]): "Not Worn Lightly" (review of ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'')
* [[2004]]: ''The Times Literary Supplement''
** ([[20 February|February 20]]) "An Enchanted Front" (review of ''[[Tolkien and the Great War]]'' by [[John Garth]])
* [[2005]]: ''[[wikipedia:Archaeology (magazine)|Archeology]]'' 58/2
** "Excavating Middle-earth" (review of ''[[The Real Middle Earth]]'' by [[Brian Bates]])
* [[2005]]: ''The New York Review of Science Fiction'' (March issue)
** Review of ''[[The Science of Middle-earth (2004 book)|The Science of Middle-earth]]'' by [[Henry Gee]]
** Review of ''[[The Real Middle Earth]]'' by [[Brian Bates]]
* [[2007]]: ''[[Tolkien Studies: Volume 4]]''
** Review of ''[[The Roots of Tolkien's Middle-earth]]'' by [[Robert S. Blackham]]
* [[2008]]: ''[[Tolkien Studies: Volume 5]]''
** Review of ''[[The History of The Hobbit]]'' by [[John D. Rateliff]]
* [[2008]]: ''[[Aiglos (journal)|Aiglos]]'' #9
** Review of ''[[The Roots of Tolkien's Middle-earth]]'' by [[Robert S. Blackham]] (translated into Polish [[Agnieszka Sylwanowicz]])
* [[2009]]: ''The Times Literary Supplement'', May 6, 2009
**"[http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/the_tls/article6232731.ece Tolkien out-Wagners Wagner]" - review of ''[[The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún]]''
* [[2010]]: [[Mallorn 49|''Mallorn'' 49]]
** "A question of source" (review of ''[[The Epic Realm of Tolkien]]'')
* [[2013]]: ''The Times Literary Supplement''
** "[http://www.the-tls.co.uk/tls/public/article1278838.ece Tolkien's King Arthur]" - review of ''[[The Fall of Arthur]]''

===Documentaries===
* [[1992]]: ''[[Tolkien Remembered]]'' - Himself
* [[1996]]: ''[[J.R.R.T.: A Film Portrait of J.R.R. Tolkien]]'' - Himself
* [[1998]]: ''[[An Awfully Big Adventure: J.R.R. Tolkien]]'' - Himself
* [[2001]]: ''[[Beyond the Movie: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'' - Himself
* [[2002]]: ''[[Page to Screen: The Lord of the Rings]]'' - Himself
* [[2003]]: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien: Origins of Middle-Earth]]'' - Himself

==Awards==
* [[1984]] - '''[[Mythopoeic Society|Mythopoeic Award]]''', Mythopoeic Scholarship Award for Inkling Studies, ''[[The Road to Middle-earth]]''
* [[2001]] - '''[[Mythopoeic Society|Mythopoeic Award]]''', Mythopoeic Scholarship Award for Inkling Studies, ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien: Author of the Century]]''
* [[2001]] - '''[http://www.worldfantasy.org/awards/2001.html World Fantasy Award]''', Special Award Professional, ''J.R.R. Tolkien:Author of the Century''
* [[2004]] - '''[[The One Ring Celebration|TORn Award]]''', Best Tolkien based Lecture presented at an Academic Function, ''History in Words, Tolkien's Ruling Passion''
* [[2006]] - '''[[The One Ring Celebration|TORn Award]]''', Best Lecture/Paper

==External links==
* [http://www.slu.edu/x23819.xml Tom Shippey profile at Saint Louis University]
* [http://www.swarthmore.edu/news-events/tolkien-book-to-jackson-script-medium-and-message Tolkien Book to Jackson Script: The Medium and the Message]
* [https://www.academia.edu/7882540/Tom_Shippey_on_J.R.R._Tolkien_A_Checklist_through_mid-2014 Tom Shippey on J.R.R. Tolkien: A Checklist through mid-2014] by [[Douglas A. Anderson]]

{{references}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Shippey, Tom}}
[[Category:Authors]]
[[Category:British people]]
[[Category:JRRTE contributors]]
[[Category:People by name]]
[[de:Tom Shippey]]

Ossë

2022-08-31T13:36:06Z

Tuorist: /* Attributes */ gram.

{{maiar infobox
| name=Ossë
| image=[[File:Marya Filatova - Osse.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Ossë" by [[Marya Filatova]]
| pronun=[[Quenya|Q]], {{IPA|[ˈosːe]}}
| othernames=''Yssion'', ''Gaerys'' ([[Sindarin|S]])
| titles=
| position=
| location=
| affiliation=[[Ulmo]], formerly [[Morgoth|Melkor]]
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=[[Uinen]]
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Ossë''' was a [[Maiar|Maia]] of the [[Inner Seas]] associated with [[Ulmo]].

==Attributes==
Ossë is a vassal of Ulmo, but he loves the winds and prefers the coasts and isles of [[Middle-earth]]<ref name=s3/> over the deeps of his master. There is some darkness and violence in his spirit, presumably after his seduction by Melkor, and still enjoys raging in storms despite the will of Ulmo; only his spouse, [[Uinen]] can restrain his wild urges. He obeys the will of [[Mandos]].<ref>{{UT|1}}</ref> He is friend to mariners, but they don't trust his unpredictable temperament.<ref name=vala>{{S|IIc}}</ref>

==History==
In the early days of [[Arda]], Ossë turned to [[Morgoth|Melkor]] for a time, but Uinen brought him back to the loyalty of Ulmo. However, Ossë's wild and wilful nature was still evident despite remaining loyal to Ulmo.<ref name=vala/>

During the [[Great March]] of the [[Eldar]] to [[Valinor]], Ossë was sent to befriend the [[Lindar]], the clan of the Eldar who lingered by the shores of [[Belegaer]] on their way, and he taught them sea-lore and sea-music. When Ulmo returned with the floating island for them to resume their trip to the west, Ossë (who loved the shores of Middle-earth) did not wish to part with his friends; he persuaded some, like [[Círdan]], to remain there, at the [[Falas]] and the [[Bay of Balar]]. These afterwards became the [[Falathrim]].<ref name=s3/>
[[File:Steamey - Ossë and the Teleri.jpg|thumb|left|Steamey - ''Ossë and the Teleri'']]
As Ulmo ferried the floating island with [[Olwë]] and his Lindar to [[Eldamar]], they heard Ossë's song and begged Ulmo to stop off the shore, which he did. Ossë fastened the island to the bottom, and it became [[Tol Eressëa]], the lonely isle off the [[Bay of Eldamar]]. However soon the [[Falmari]] of the island longed for the splendour and [[Light of Valinor]] and wished to see their kindred there. Grieving, Ossë submitted to the will of the Valar and Ulmo, and taught them ship-building and offered them [[swans]] to draw them to Valinor.<ref name=s3>{{S|Princes}}</ref>

With his master, Ossë often visited [[Nevrast]] and the feet of Mount [[Taras]] in [[Middle-earth]], and many [[Sindar]] were concentrated to that place.<ref>{{S|14}}</ref>

After the [[First Kinslaying]], [[Olwë]] called upon Ossë against the [[Noldor]], but he came not, as the Valar did not wish to hinder the [[Flight of the Noldor]] with violence.<ref>{{S|9}}</ref>

After the [[Valar]] pronounced the [[Doom of the Noldor]], Ossë helped guard the shores of [[Beleriand]] to keep the ships of the Noldor from reaching [[Valinor]]. His storms had a part in wrecking all the ships that they sent, and only one [[Elves|Elf]] from among their crews survived, by the will of Ulmo: [[Voronwë]].<ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref>

In the [[Second Age]] he raised the island of [[Elenna]] ([[Númenor]]) from the depths of the Sea.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref>

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| OSS |~| UIN | |OSS='''OSSË'''|UIN=[[Uinen]]}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Etymology==
At least two explanations exist for the name ''Ossë''. In ''[[The Etymologies]]'', it is understood as the [[Qenya]] word ''osse'' ("terror"), deriving from the [[Sundocarme|root]] GOS ("dread").<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 359</ref>

A later note pertaining to the name instead suggests it is a name of non-Elvish origin, deriving from [[Valarin]] ''Oš(o)šai'' ("spuming, foaming").<ref name=WJ>{{WJ|Quendi}}, p. 400</ref> The same later note mentions that Ossë's [[Sindarin]] names were '''''Gaerys''''' (also containing the S. element ''gaer'' "dread")<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''gaer''</ref> and '''''Yssion'''''.<ref name=WJ/>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In older versions of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' as well as the ''[[Annals of Aman]]'', Ossë and his spouse [[Uinen]] were Valar in their own right, and often opposed the will of Ulmo.

In [[Eriol]]'s [[Old English]] translations, Ossë is referred to as ''Saefrea'' ("Sea-ruler"),<ref>{{SM|QA1}}</ref> reflecting his status as a Vala (Fréa).

In that conception, Ossë is the source of the name ''Balar'' in place-names such as [[Cape Balar]], [[Isle of Balar]] and [[Bay of Balar]], which he often visited, and from which all [[Beleriand]] was named.<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, entry BAL</ref><ref>{{GA|2}}</ref>

Ossë had a large house in [[Valmar]] made by [[Ónen]] and [[Oarni]] from pearls with a flour from sea water and roof from foam. He lived there during congregations of Valar or when the noise of the sea tired him.<ref>{{LT1|III}}</ref>

''Ossë'' was also the name of a [[Tengwa]] similar to Roman c, which apparently had the value ''o''.<ref>{{VT|45}} p.15</ref> However elsewhere, this letter is named ''[[Elwë]]'' and has the value of ''e''. In the [[Mode of Beleriand]] this letter instead has the value ''a''.

His name ''Falman'' from the root FALA (e.g. ''falma'' "foam") appears in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]''.<ref>{{LT1|Appendix}}, entry "Falman"</ref>

{{references}}
{{ainur}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Osse}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Maiar]]
[[Category:Qenya names]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[de:Osse]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/ainur/maiar/osse]]
[[fi:Ossë]]

Ossë

2022-08-31T13:33:48Z

Tuorist: Osse and Mandos

{{maiar infobox
| name=Ossë
| image=[[File:Marya Filatova - Osse.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Ossë" by [[Marya Filatova]]
| pronun=[[Quenya|Q]], {{IPA|[ˈosːe]}}
| othernames=''Yssion'', ''Gaerys'' ([[Sindarin|S]])
| titles=
| position=
| location=
| affiliation=[[Ulmo]], formerly [[Morgoth|Melkor]]
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=[[Uinen]]
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
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| steed=
}}
'''Ossë''' was a [[Maiar|Maia]] of the [[Inner Seas]] associated with [[Ulmo]].

==Attributes==
Ossë is a vassal of Ulmo, but he loves the winds and prefers the coasts and isles of [[Middle-earth]]<ref name=s3/> over the deeps of his master. There is some darkness and violence in his spirit, presumably after his seduction by Melkor, and still enjoys raging in storms despite the will of Ulmo; only his spouse, [[Uinen]] can restrain his wild urges. He obeys the will of [[Mandos]]<ref>{{UT|1}}</ref>. He is friend to mariners, but they don't trust his unpredictable temperament.<ref name=vala>{{S|IIc}}</ref>

==History==
In the early days of [[Arda]], Ossë turned to [[Morgoth|Melkor]] for a time, but Uinen brought him back to the loyalty of Ulmo. However, Ossë's wild and wilful nature was still evident despite remaining loyal to Ulmo.<ref name=vala/>

During the [[Great March]] of the [[Eldar]] to [[Valinor]], Ossë was sent to befriend the [[Lindar]], the clan of the Eldar who lingered by the shores of [[Belegaer]] on their way, and he taught them sea-lore and sea-music. When Ulmo returned with the floating island for them to resume their trip to the west, Ossë (who loved the shores of Middle-earth) did not wish to part with his friends; he persuaded some, like [[Círdan]], to remain there, at the [[Falas]] and the [[Bay of Balar]]. These afterwards became the [[Falathrim]].<ref name=s3/>
[[File:Steamey - Ossë and the Teleri.jpg|thumb|left|Steamey - ''Ossë and the Teleri'']]
As Ulmo ferried the floating island with [[Olwë]] and his Lindar to [[Eldamar]], they heard Ossë's song and begged Ulmo to stop off the shore, which he did. Ossë fastened the island to the bottom, and it became [[Tol Eressëa]], the lonely isle off the [[Bay of Eldamar]]. However soon the [[Falmari]] of the island longed for the splendour and [[Light of Valinor]] and wished to see their kindred there. Grieving, Ossë submitted to the will of the Valar and Ulmo, and taught them ship-building and offered them [[swans]] to draw them to Valinor.<ref name=s3>{{S|Princes}}</ref>

With his master, Ossë often visited [[Nevrast]] and the feet of Mount [[Taras]] in [[Middle-earth]], and many [[Sindar]] were concentrated to that place.<ref>{{S|14}}</ref>

After the [[First Kinslaying]], [[Olwë]] called upon Ossë against the [[Noldor]], but he came not, as the Valar did not wish to hinder the [[Flight of the Noldor]] with violence.<ref>{{S|9}}</ref>

After the [[Valar]] pronounced the [[Doom of the Noldor]], Ossë helped guard the shores of [[Beleriand]] to keep the ships of the Noldor from reaching [[Valinor]]. His storms had a part in wrecking all the ships that they sent, and only one [[Elves|Elf]] from among their crews survived, by the will of Ulmo: [[Voronwë]].<ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref>

In the [[Second Age]] he raised the island of [[Elenna]] ([[Númenor]]) from the depths of the Sea.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref>

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| OSS |~| UIN | |OSS='''OSSË'''|UIN=[[Uinen]]}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Etymology==
At least two explanations exist for the name ''Ossë''. In ''[[The Etymologies]]'', it is understood as the [[Qenya]] word ''osse'' ("terror"), deriving from the [[Sundocarme|root]] GOS ("dread").<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 359</ref>

A later note pertaining to the name instead suggests it is a name of non-Elvish origin, deriving from [[Valarin]] ''Oš(o)šai'' ("spuming, foaming").<ref name=WJ>{{WJ|Quendi}}, p. 400</ref> The same later note mentions that Ossë's [[Sindarin]] names were '''''Gaerys''''' (also containing the S. element ''gaer'' "dread")<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''gaer''</ref> and '''''Yssion'''''.<ref name=WJ/>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In older versions of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' as well as the ''[[Annals of Aman]]'', Ossë and his spouse [[Uinen]] were Valar in their own right, and often opposed the will of Ulmo.

In [[Eriol]]'s [[Old English]] translations, Ossë is referred to as ''Saefrea'' ("Sea-ruler"),<ref>{{SM|QA1}}</ref> reflecting his status as a Vala (Fréa).

In that conception, Ossë is the source of the name ''Balar'' in place-names such as [[Cape Balar]], [[Isle of Balar]] and [[Bay of Balar]], which he often visited, and from which all [[Beleriand]] was named.<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, entry BAL</ref><ref>{{GA|2}}</ref>

Ossë had a large house in [[Valmar]] made by [[Ónen]] and [[Oarni]] from pearls with a flour from sea water and roof from foam. He lived there during congregations of Valar or when the noise of the sea tired him.<ref>{{LT1|III}}</ref>

''Ossë'' was also the name of a [[Tengwa]] similar to Roman c, which apparently had the value ''o''.<ref>{{VT|45}} p.15</ref> However elsewhere, this letter is named ''[[Elwë]]'' and has the value of ''e''. In the [[Mode of Beleriand]] this letter instead has the value ''a''.

His name ''Falman'' from the root FALA (e.g. ''falma'' "foam") appears in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]''.<ref>{{LT1|Appendix}}, entry "Falman"</ref>

{{references}}
{{ainur}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Osse}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Maiar]]
[[Category:Qenya names]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[de:Osse]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/ainur/maiar/osse]]
[[fi:Ossë]]

Ulmo

2022-08-31T12:54:31Z

Tuorist: a bit additional info on Ulmo's task

{{sources}}
{{valar infobox
| name=Ulmo
| image=[[File:John Howe - Ulmo.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Ulmo, Lord of the Waters" by [[John Howe]]
| pronun=[[Quenya]], {{IPA|[ˈulmo]}}
| othernames=''Ullubōz'' ([[Valarin|V]])"King of the Sea", "Lord of Waters", "Dweller of the Deep", ''Ulu'', ''Gulma''
| titles=
| position=Lord of Waters
| location=[[Ekkaia]]<ref name=s1/>
| affiliation=[[Ossë]], [[Uinen]], and possibly [[Salmar]]
| language=
| notablefor=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=Green armor
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
{{quote|Ulmo loves both Elves and Men, and never abandoned them, not even when they lay under the wrath of the Valar.|''[[Valaquenta]]'': Of the Valar}}

'''Ulmo''' was a [[Valar|Vala]], also known as ''King of the Sea'', ''Lord of Waters'', and ''Dweller of the Deep''.<ref name="UT1">{{UT|1}}</ref> One of the mightiest of the [[Ainur]], he was third in majesty of the [[Aratar]], after [[Manwë]] and [[Varda]].

At several points Ulmo was notable for setting himself apart from his brethren, and also for being the friendliest to the [[Children of Eru]].

==Attributes==
Ulmo was the Lord of Waters and King of the Sea.<ref name=vala>{{S|IIb}}</ref> He was the Ainu most deeply instructed in music, and it was said that in water the [[Eldar]] could hear the echo of the [[Music of the Ainur]].<ref name=ai>{{S|I}}</ref> He lived in the deeps under [[Ambar]] who alone saw where he devised his music and whence he governed all waters, bays and rivers.<ref name=vala/><ref name=s1/>

From the beginning Manwë had been his closest friend and ally and they came together when the vapors of the water become clouds high in the air, or mists and dew. The two most faithfully served the purpose of Eru.<ref name=ai/>

Ulmo was unique among the Valar in several ways; he was alone, taking no spouse among the [[Valier]]; he didn't dwell in [[Valinor]] but in [[Ekkaia]] from the beginning, preferring the deeps of the seas around and below [[Ambar]], and the rivers. He seldom appeared to the councils of his brethren, save in matters of great importance.<ref name=vala/>

Likewise, he seldomly wore a [[fana]] and rather came to the shores unseen or entered firths of the sea and rivers. It was said his spirit was in the very veins of the world. He spoke through the sound of water, and made music with his horns the [[Ulumúri]]. But whenever he appeared, he was dreadful and terrible "as a mounting wave that strides to the land"; he wore a dark foam-crested helm and a shimmering silver-green mail, and his voice was deep like the ocean.<ref name=vala/>

Ulmo cared about Arda and the Children of Eru, and through the veins of the world he kept in touch with them and saw every grief and need, and thus knew more of the goings on with them than even Manwë. Even while the Valar were secluded in Valinor or when the Children were under the wrath of his brethren, Ulmo, alone of the Valar, was the one who never forsook them.<ref name=vala/><ref name=s1>{{S|1}}</ref> However, it was not done as rebellion towards other Valar, but because it was a role to which he was "appointed ere the making of the World"<ref name="UT1">{{UT|1}}</ref>.

==History==
Ulmo was very close in friendship to Manwë before [[Ea]] was made, and although Manwë was the most dear to [[Ilúvatar]], of all the Ainur Ulmo was most deeply instructed in music. Ulmo with Manwë and [[Aulë]] were the architects of [[Arda]].<ref name=ai></ref> Ulmo's vassal [[Ossë]], and Ossë's spouse [[Uinen]] were, to the elves, the best known of the [[Maiar]]. Through them Ulmo would learn much of the elves.<ref name=vala/>

When the Valar retreated to [[Valinor]], Ulmo remained to the Outer Sea, and while his brethren neglected the [[Outer Lands]] during the [[Sleep of Yavanna]], Ulmo kept the earth alive under the darkness.<ref name=s1>{{S|1}}</ref>

He seldomly came to the Councils of [[Máhanaxar]], such as the time when the Valar were to prepare to [[Battle of the Powers|attack]] Melkor's fortress of [[Utumno]]. He also was the chief of a minority of the Valar who believed that the Elves should remain free in [[Middle-earth]], and order and heal the hurts of the land with their skills and grace, but this opinion was overruled.<ref>{{S|3}}</ref>

Nevertheless he eventually helped them get to Aman, because he knew that was what they wanted, and he accepted that. He tore a great piece of land off the shores of [[Beleriand]] and used it to transport the Eldar to the blessed coasts of Aman. He anchored the island (it was renamed [[Tol Eressëa]]) in the [[Bay of Eldamar]], which he did because he knew the minds of the [[Teleri]].

When the time came for Melkor to be given a second chance and was pardoned, Ulmo and [[Tulkas]] were still distrustful of him, but both obeyed Manwë's bidding.<ref>{{S|6}}</ref>

During the [[First Age]] Ulmo protected [[Sirion]] and [[Gelion]] and directed more than any other Vala the [[Children of Ilúvatar]]. He urged [[Turgon]] to build [[Gondolin]] and [[Finrod]] to build [[Nargothrond]].

He chose [[Tuor]] as his instrument before his birth, by helping [[Huor]] and [[Húrin]] reach [[Gondolin]] and telling [[Turgon]] to accept him, as aid would come from the [[House of Hador]]. Years later, he guided [[Tuor]] directing him to Gondolin as a messenger for Turgon. Despite [[Ulmo's warning]], Turgon chose not to abandon Gondolin. Tuor eventually married Turgon's daughter [[Idril]] and fathered [[Eärendil]] the [[Half-elven]]; Ulmo saved [[Elwing]] from the sack of the Havens of [[Sirion]], and thus she took the [[Silmarils|Silmaril]] to her husband Eärendil which allowed them to gain admittance to Valinor and plead for their mercy.

==Etymology==
The name ''Ulmo'' is said to derive from the [[Valarin]] '''''Ullubōz'''''.<ref name=Quendi>{{WJ|AD1}}</ref>

Alternatively, ''Ulmo'' is a [[Quenya]] title, which means "the Pourer", from ''[[ulya-]]'' ("to pour") + ''[[-mo]]'' (agentive ending "-er").<ref name=Quendi></ref>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In the earlier writings his [[Gnomish]] name was ''Gulma''.<ref>{{LT2|Appendix}}, p. 349, note "Ulmonan"</ref> Later his Gnomish name was '''''Ylmir'''''<ref>{{LB|1d}}, p. 93</ref><ref>{{SM|2}}, p. 13</ref> (see [[Tuor]]'s ''[[The Horns of Ylmir]]''). [[Noldorin]] translations of his name were given as '''''Nûron''''' and '''''Ulu'''''.<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, entries "NŪ-" and "ULU"</ref><ref>{{VT|46a}}, p. 7</ref>

In [[Eriol]]'s [[Old English]] translations, Ulmo is referred to by various names: ''Garsecges frea'' ("Ocean ruler"), ''ealwaeter-frea'' ("All-waters ruler") or ''agendfrea ealra waetera'' ("owning lord of all waters").<ref>{{SM|QA1}}</ref>

His palace, on the bottom of the [[Outer Sea]], was called [[Ulmonan]].<ref>{{LT1|Appendix}}, p. 270</ref>

==External links==
*[http://middle-earth.xenite.org/2014/05/13/why-did-ulmo-withdraw-his-power-from-the-waters-of-middle-earth-at-the-end-of-the-first-age/ Why Did Ulmo withdraw his Power from the Waters of Middle-earth at the end of the First Age?] by [[Michael Martinez]]

{{references}}
{{Ainur}}
[[Category:Aratar]]
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Qenya names]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Valar]]
[[de:Ulmo]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/ainur/valar/aratar/ulmo]]
[[fi:Ulmo]]