A Middle English Vocabulary
| A Middle English Vocabulary | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Author | J.R.R. Tolkien |
| Publisher | Clarendon Press, Oxford |
| Released | 1922 |
| Format | paperback |
| Pages | 168 (unpaged) |
A Middle English Vocabulary is a glossary of Middle English words by J.R.R. Tolkien, published in 1922. It is intended to accompany the Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose by Kenneth Sisam. It is Tolkien's first published book.
Appearance[edit | edit source]
A Middle English Vocabulary was published on May 11, 1922, to be a supplement to Sisam's Verse & Prose published the year before.[1] The separate binding is unpaged, and titled "Glossary", rather than "Vocabulary", on the title page.[2]
Publication[edit | edit source]
Sisam was Tolkien's old tutor of English Language and Literature, and also involved the Oxford English Dictionary, working on several words under the letter S.[3] After that section was published, Oxford University Press asked him to write a compilation of fourteenth century verse and prose. By 1919, it turned out Sisam did not have time to compile the glossary, so Tolkien was asked to do it. The project, originally planned to be little else than a glossary, quickly became a much larger work. Tolkien was given time off from his regular work on the OED, and even continued working on the glossary after his transfer to Leeds University.[4] The publication had been delayed due to private matters, and Tolkien was glad when it was finally finished. Sisam's book was, in the end, published without the glossary.[5] Later editions of Sisam's book did include Tolkien's glossary. [1]
Method[edit | edit source]
Tolkien gained praise for his glossary, which was unlike most others. Whereas it was a trend of the days to suggest (often questionable) etymologies of rare and obscure words, Tolkien chose to devote his time to the different meanings of common words, such as to, he and habben ("to have"). His Vocabulary is filled with textual references,[2] and much of his findings elaborated on the OED, pre-dating words by sometimes a century. Some of these suggestions were taken into account in later editions of the OED.[4]
Reviews[edit | edit source]
- 1922: Margaret L. Lee, "Middle English", published in The Year's Work in English Studies[2]
- 1926: E. Kruisinga, "Reviews", published in English Studies: a Journal of English Letters and Philology[6]
See also[edit | edit source]
- A middle English vocabulary (2010) (an unauthorized reprint)
External links[edit | edit source]
- Free version of A Middle English Vocabulary at Project Gutenberg
- Reconstructed lexis in Tolkien’s Middle English Vocabulary by Jason Fisher
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Douglas A. Anderson, Wayne G. Hammond (eds.), J.R.R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography, "Books by J. R. R. Tolkien", pages 1-3
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Margaret L. Lee, "Middle English", published in The Year's Work in English Studies, vol II (1922), pages 41-53, esp. 42-3
- ↑ Peter Gilliver, Jeremy Marshall, Edmund Weiner, The Ring of Words, page 3
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Peter Gilliver, Jeremy Marshall, Edmund Weiner, The Ring of Words, page 32-3
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Humphrey Carpenter, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, Letter 6 (dated February 13, 1923)
- ↑ E. Kruisinga, "Reviews.", published in English Studies: a Journal of English Letters and Philology, vol. 8 (1926), pages 18-19
