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{{disambig-more|Rúmil|[[Rúmil (disambiguation)]]}}
{{disambig-more|Rúmil|[[Rúmil (disambiguation)]]}}
The '''Sarati''', or '''The Alphabet of Rúmil''', was invented by [[Rúmil (Elf of Tirion)|Rúmil]] of [[Tirion]] in [[Valinor]]. When [[Fëanor]] created the later [[Tengwar]] script, more ubiquitous both in [[Middle-earth]] and in real life, he modeled it after the Sarati. Unlike the Tengwar and Tolkien's other Elvish alphabet, the [[Cirth]], the Sarati is written from top to bottom, then left to right.
[[File:Sarati - The Two Trees.png|250px|thumb|right|''Valar empannen Aldaru / mi kon-alkorin / ar sealálan táro / ar sílankálan ve laure ve misil.''<br />"The Gods planted the Two Trees / in a blessed garth / and they grow high / and shine like gold like silver".]]
The '''Sarati''', or '''The Alphabet of Rúmil''', was invented by [[Rúmil (elf of Tirion)|Rúmil]] of [[Tirion]] in [[Valinor]]. When [[Fëanor]] created the later [[Tengwar]] script, more ubiquitous both in [[Middle-earth]] and in real life, he modeled it after the Sarati. Unlike the Tengwar and Tolkien's other Elvish alphabet, the [[Cirth]], the Sarati is written from top to bottom, then left to right. Sarati is unusual in that it is legible if written by either hand moving in either direction, and can be mirrored.  


As in the later Tengwar, each full character represents a consonant, while vowels are represented with diacritics called [[tehtar]]. In the Sarati, vowel signs are written to the left or right of the consonants. According to Tolkien, consonants were considered more salient than vowels, and vowels were considered merely modifiers. When writing Quenya, the sign for "a" is usually omitted, as it is the most common vowel in Quenya. This would technically make the Sarati an [[abugida]] with an inherent vowel of "a".
As in the later Tengwar, each full character represents a consonant, while vowels are represented with diacritics called [[tehtar]]. In the Sarati, vowel signs are written to the left or right of the consonants. According to Tolkien, consonants were considered more salient than vowels, and vowels were considered merely modifiers. When writing Quenya, the sign for "a" is usually omitted, as it is the most common vowel in Quenya. This would technically make the Sarati an [[:Wikipedia:Abugida|abugida]] with an inherent vowel of "a".


Tolkien used the Sarati in one of [[The Diaries of J.R.R. Tolkien|his diaries]].<ref name=Biography>[[Humphrey Carpenter]], ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography]]''</ref><ref>[[Måns Björkman]], [http://at.mansbjorkman.net/references.htm ''References''] on Amanye Tenceli (external link)</ref>
Tolkien used the Sarati in one of [[The Diaries of J.R.R. Tolkien|his diaries]] but because he had continued to alter the alphabet with time he found it difficult to read earlier diary entries .<ref>{{B|III}}, p. 100</ref><ref>[[Måns Björkman]], [http://at.mansbjorkman.net/references.htm ''References''] on Amanye Tenceli (external link)</ref>


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://at.mansbjorkman.net/sarati.htm Amanye Tenceli -- The Sarati]
* [http://at.mansbjorkman.net/sarati.htm Amanye Tenceli -- The Sarati]
* [http://www.elbisch.info/sarati.html Sarati on Elbisch] (German)
* [http://www.elbisch.info/sarati.html Sarati on Elbisch] (German)
* [http://www.omniglot.com/writing/sarati.htm Sarati at Omniglot]
* [http://www.omniglot.com/conscripts/sarati.htm Sarati at Omniglot]


===Modes===
===Modes===
* [http://at.mansbjorkman.net/sarati_quenya.htm Sarati mode for Quenya]
* [http://at.mansbjorkman.net/sarati_quenya.htm Sarati mode for Quenya]
* [http://my.ort.org.il/tolkien/gandalf/ps/sarati.ps.gz Sarati mode for Hebrew]{{deadlink}}


{{references}}
{{references}}
 
{{languages}}
[[Category:Writing systems]]
[[Category:Writing systems]]
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]

Revision as of 13:06, 23 July 2020

"...It is a long tale..." — Aragorn
This article or section needs expansion and/or modification. Please help the wiki by expanding it.
The name Rúmil refers to more than one character, item or concept. For a list of other meanings, see Rúmil (disambiguation).
Valar empannen Aldaru / mi kon-alkorin / ar sealálan táro / ar sílankálan ve laure ve misil.
"The Gods planted the Two Trees / in a blessed garth / and they grow high / and shine like gold like silver".

The Sarati, or The Alphabet of Rúmil, was invented by Rúmil of Tirion in Valinor. When Fëanor created the later Tengwar script, more ubiquitous both in Middle-earth and in real life, he modeled it after the Sarati. Unlike the Tengwar and Tolkien's other Elvish alphabet, the Cirth, the Sarati is written from top to bottom, then left to right. Sarati is unusual in that it is legible if written by either hand moving in either direction, and can be mirrored.

As in the later Tengwar, each full character represents a consonant, while vowels are represented with diacritics called tehtar. In the Sarati, vowel signs are written to the left or right of the consonants. According to Tolkien, consonants were considered more salient than vowels, and vowels were considered merely modifiers. When writing Quenya, the sign for "a" is usually omitted, as it is the most common vowel in Quenya. This would technically make the Sarati an abugida with an inherent vowel of "a".

Tolkien used the Sarati in one of his diaries but because he had continued to alter the alphabet with time he found it difficult to read earlier diary entries .[1][2]

External links

Modes

References

  1. Humphrey Carpenter, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, "III. 1917-1925: The making of a mythology", p. 100
  2. Måns Björkman, References on Amanye Tenceli (external link)
Languages and scripts in Tolkien's works
Elvish Angerthas (Angerthas Daeron) · Avarin · Cirth (Certhas Daeron) · Common Eldarin · Mátengwië · Moon-letters · Nandorin · Primitive Quendian · Quenya (Exilic · Valinorean · Vanyarin) · Sarati · Silvan Elvish · Sindarin (Doriathrin · Falathrin · Númenórean · Mithrimin · Old) · Telerin (Common) · Tengwar
Mannish Adûnaic · Dalish · Drúadan · Dunlendish · Halethian · Northern Mannish · Pre-Númenórean · Rohanese · Taliska · Westron (Bucklandish · Hobbitish · Stoorish)
Dwarvish Angerthas (Erebor · Moria) · Aulëan · Iglishmêk · Khuzdul
Other Black Speech · Old Entish · Orkish · Valarin · Warg-language
Earlier legendarium Gnomish · Gnomic Letters · Gondolinic Runes · Ilkorin · Keladian · Noldorin (Kornoldorin) · Melkian · Oromëan · Qenya · Valmaric script
Outside the legendarium Animalic · Arktik · Goblin Alphabet · Mágol · Naffarin · New English Alphabet · Nevbosh · Privata Kodo Skauta
Real-world Celtic · English (Old · Middle · AB) · Finnish · Germanic · Gothic · Hebrew · Runic alphabet · Welsh
"A Secret Vice" (book) · "The Lhammas" · "The Tree of Tongues" · Sub-creation