Samizdat (Russian: самиздат) is a term from Russian, describing a self-published book. It found its origin during the Soviet era, when dissident works were published and distributed privately.
Mark T. Hooker first used the term to describe the many unauthorized or "pirate" translations of J.R.R. Tolkien's work in Russian, but over time the term has been adopted for translations in all languages. According to Olga Markova, there were at least ten unauthorized translations of The Lord of the Rings between 1990 and 2005.[1]
List of Samizdats
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References
- ↑ Olga Markova, Mark T. Hooker, Tolkien Studies Volume 1, "When Philology Becomes Ideology: The Russian Perspective of J.R.R. Tolkien"