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The word ar or âr can have various meanings:

Root

Adûnaic

  1. A prefix used to denominate kingship, equivalent to Quenya Tar-[1]

Etymology

It means "king" and is a prefixal form of ârû ("king") or derived from the same root. Obviously from Elvish.[2]

Quenya

  1. "And"[3]
  2. "Beside, outside, without"[3]

Etymology

Sindarin

  1. "Beside, without" (archaic)[4]
  2. A shorter form of ara, "high, lofty, noble"[1]
  3. Âr "king (used of a lord or king of a specified region)"

Noldorin

Tolkien apparently used the word ar to translate "and" in a Noldorin phrase inscribed on a draft of Thrór's Map.[5][6][7]

Examples

Westron

  1. The name of the twenty-first Tengwa.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Appendix: Elements in Quenya and Sindarin Names", ar(a)-
  2. Paul Strack, "Ad. Ar- pref.", Eldamo - An Elvish Lexicon, accessed 12 January 2022
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 J.R.R. Tolkien, "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings", in Parma Eldalamberon XVII (edited by Christopher Gilson), p. 70
  4. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, "Appendix: Elements in Quenya and Sindarin Names", ar-
  5. 5.0 5.1 Wayne G. Hammond and Christina Scull, J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator, pp. 92, 150 (note 6)
  6. 6.0 6.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, The Hobbit, "An Unexpected Party" (translation by Gandalf of the Old English runes on the map)
  7. 7.0 7.1 Thrór's map inscription at Jrrvf.com (accessed 27 June 2011)